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In order to investigate the effect of variety, nutrion space on minitubers production, a study was carried out in the Laboratory of Vegetable Tissue Cultures of NIRDPSB Brașov, in period 2021-2022. The trifactorial experience (3 x 2 x 2), on 3 repetitions, included the following factors: experimental factor A: cultivar, with three gradations: a1 - Marvis; a2 - Castrum; a3 - Ervant (considered control); experimental factor B: year of study, with two graduations: b1 - 2021 (considered control); b2 - 2022; the experimental factor C: the volume of the nutrition space, with two graduations: c1 - 1.5 l (considered control); c2 - 2 l. In this study Ervant cultivar stands out with a high number of minitubers (7.81), and the Castrum variety obtained the highest value of minitubers weight (75.65 g). The use of increased space for culture has a positive influence on minituberization, both in the number and weight of minitubers obtained/plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this experience was monitoring the effect of plant growth regulators and their combinations on potato plantlets development, respectively on the following parameters: plantlets height, leaves number, root length, weight of fresh plantlet and of root. Thus, during in vitro multiplication process, two auxins were tested: naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indolyl acetic acid (IAA) (in two concentrations 0.05% and 0.1%, for both auxins), together with a gibberellin: gibberellic acid (GA3) (0.02%) and in vitro behavior was observed for three potato varieties: Marvis, Castrum, Ervant under the influence of these growth hormones. The nutrient medium supplemented with IAA 0.05% determined plantlets obtaining with high height and with the highest value of fresh root weight. The culture medium containing 0.1% NAA was effective in forming the number of leaves, showing a positive influence. NAA 0.1% + 0.02% GA3 and IAA 0.05% + 0.02% GA3 combinations had a beneficial effect on root length and fresh plantlets weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the interest shown in our country regarding the cultivation and marketing of purple flesh potatoes, we set ourselves the problem of examining the aspects that facilitate in vitro cultivation and obtaining micro tubers that ensure the faster micropropagation of purple potato varieties, formations that in modern food are also consumed raw. The paper aimed to present the protocol for obtaining vitro tubers or also called micro tubers from two varieties of potato: Christian with regular colour of flesh and Salad Blue with purple flesh. This protocol is based on micropropagation technique which combine an agar-solidified phase succeeded by a liquid phase in the same vessel in aseptic conditions. Using the double-phase technique gave the opportunity to reduce the costs generated by the utilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activated charcoal is recommended to be added to nutrient media, used in crops of plant tissues, to the growth and development of some types of explants, but also its role of absorbing toxic compounds present in aseptic environments, which cause necrosis of inoculated tissues. . The main purpose of this study was to assess the influence of three concentrations of activated carbon (0.5 g/l, 1 g/l, 2 g/l) added to the MS culture medium, on the formation and root development of two varieties of sweet potato (DK 19/1 and DK 19/5). ). A bifactorial experience was initiated, the analyzed factors being: variety and culture environment. Determinations were made on the following parameters: root length, fresh root weight and dry root weight. Based on the obtained results, an optimal rooting was observed, without callus formation, ensuring a higher percentage of capacity at acclimatization of sweet potato seedlings from in vitro to in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this research was to follow the minituberization process for 3 Romanian potato varieties, created at NIRDPSB Brasov. The biological material called "minitubers" is part of the first links of the national system of potato production for seed. The trifactorial experience of this research (3x2x2), on 3 repetitions, included the following factors: experimental factor A: variety, with three gradations: a1 - Marvis; a2 - Castrum; a3 - Ervant (considered control); experimental factor B: biological material used for planting, with two gradations: b1 - plantlets (considered control); b2-microtubers; experimental factor C: the volume of the nutrition space, with two graduations: c1-1.5 l (considered control) and c2- 2 l. The determinations were made for number and weight of minitubers/plant, in function of experimental factors. The average number of minitubers obtained/nutrition space was between 5.75 (Marvis variety) and 10.25 (Ervant variety), and the weight of minitubers ranged from 28.22 g (Ervant variety) to 93.53 (Castrum variety). By increasing nutrition is noted very significant positive differences for both analysed parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study was to evaluate under field conditions potato genotypes derived from true seeds, that showed tolerance to in vitro induced water stress. The biological material was represented by 3 genotypes: GIL19-03-07, ZIL19-02-43 and GIL19-03-29, for which tuber number, yield and culinary quality were determined. The genotype GIL19-03-07 obtained the best results in terms of total number of tubers (647.20 thousand/ha), surpassing the variety Cosiana (control). In a dry growing year, in terms of total tuber production, the results obtained point to the genotype ZIL19-02-43 which obtained a production of 27.19 t/ha, followed by the genotype GIL19-03-07 with a production of 21.21 t/ha. The results of the culinary and technological quality analyses suggest that genotypes GIL19-03-07 and ZIL19-02-43 are suitable as raw material for chips, while genotype GIL19-03-29 is suitable for salads and other culinary preparations due to its pleasant taste and pulp texture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to investigate the effect of osmotic agents on the induction of microtubers, a study was carried out in the Laboratory of Vegetable Tissue Cultures of NIRDPSB Brașov. Bifactorial experience included the following factors: experimental factor A, variety, with three graduations: a1 - Marvis; a2 - Castrum; a3 - Ervant (as a control, the average of the values obtained for the three varieties was taken into account) and experimental factor B, microtuberization medium (with 4 graduations): b1 - classical microtuberization medium without osmotic agent (control medium); b2 - microtuberization medium with mannitol; b3 - microtuberization medium with sorbitol; b4 - microtuberization medium with PEG. The determinations were made for number of microtuber/plantlets and weight of microtubers/plantlets, in function of experimental factors. Compared to the control medium, osmotic agents added to nutritive medium had a positive effect on studied parameters Therefore, osmotic agents in low concentrations can be introduced as a stimulator of microtuberization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to obtain the shoots in laboratory conditions, it was necessary to prepare the sweet potato tubers and plant them, ensuring favorable conditions of temperature, light and humidity. Axial shoots from sweet potato varieties: KSP1, DK 19/1, DK 19/2, DCh 19/3, DK 19/4 and DK 19/5 were used as a source of explants for the initiation of in vitro culture. Through a single factor experiment in three repetitions, the analyzed factor was the sweet potato variety, with 6 graduations, and as a control the average values for the studied elements were established. Determinations were made on the following parameters: the formation of shoots, the number of leaves, the height of the plantlets and the weight of the fresh root. The results presented in this study highlight the possibility of obtaining sweet potato shoots and in laboratory conditions, throughout the year, with minimal costs. allowing in vitro cultivation technique to obtain in a short time a stock of healthy starting material, which can be used as planting material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to determine the minituberization capacity of three Romanian potato varieties. The threefactor experiment included the following factors: A - culture substrate with two graduations: a1 - 80.00% red peat, 9.90% black peat and 10.10% perlite, a2 - 84.03% red peat, 7.9% black peat and 8.06% perlite; B: nutrition space, with two graduations: b1 - 1.5 l, b2 - 2 l; C: variety, with three graduations: c1 - Marvis; c2 - Castrum; c3 - Ervant. Examination of the results on the number and weight of minitubers/plant suggests the high capacity of the Castrum variety for the production of minitubers, when using increased space nutrition and the substrate consisting of a smaller concentration of red peat (80.00%). Regarding the minitubers number, when it was used the substrate with a higher concentration of red peat (84.03%) the Castrum variety was distinguished in a bigger nutrition space (2 l). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is aimed at establishing an efficient protocol for "in vitro" medium term conservation of sweet potato. Three medium variants and three different temperatures were used for this purpose. In this experiment 6 varieties of sweet potato were tested (Juhwangmi, KSC1, Yulmi, KSP1, Hayanmi and VSP1). Uninodal segments of fully developed sweet potato plants already established "in vitro" were cultured on MS basal medium with and without osmotic regulators (mannitol and sorbitol). The cultures were incubated at three different temperatures: 24±2ºC, 20±2ºC and 16±2ºC. After 140 days of "in vitro" conservation shoots height, number of leaves, number of roots and survival rate (%) were measured. Culture condition variants V1 (MS, 24±2ºC) and V2 (MS + 10g/l mannitol + 10 g/l sorbitol, 20±2ºC) ensured the best results regarding shoots height, number of leaves and number of roots. The highest survival rate (87.78% and 84.44% respectively) were observed in the V2 and V3 (MS + 15g/l mannitol + 15 g/l sorbitol, 16±2ºC) culture condition variants. The slow growth technique allowed the successful "in vitro" medium term conservation of sweet potato genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The potato varieties studied in this paper were created at the National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet Brasov. They have a high biological production capacity and are attractive and very appreciated by farmers, potato producers, consumers and processors, but manifest recalcitrance to the in vitro culture techniques. Thus we tried to find an optimal culture medium variant for these varieties, in order to obtain healty potato seed material in a short time. The study compared the effects of five different culture media using MS medium containing various concentrations of gibberelic acid (GA3) in combination with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) in micropropagation of two recalcitrant potato varieties, Marvis and Brasovia. The longest shoots, maximum number of nodes and leaves, the longest roots and the best rooting efficiency were recorded on MS medium containing 2 mgL-1 GA3 and 1 mgL-1 NAA, for both varieties. The use of a larger quantity of GA3 negatively influenced the potato shoots and roots growth. The culture media using MS medium containing 4 mgL-1 GA3 and 1 mgL-1 NAA had an inhibitory effect on all the studied plantlet characteristics. The results showed that a certain combination of growth regulators (NAA and GA3) improved the micropropagation capacity of the two recalcitrant potato cultivars studied and resulted in the maximum improvement in the parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plantlets of three cultivars Sarmis, Christian and Roclas were induced to microtuberized under dark conditions and at temperature of 17°C. In medium of tuberisation were applied two different sugar alcohols (sorbitol ans mannitol) for evaluate the influence of this under the number of microtubers obtained/plantlet and the average weight of a microtuber. It was used three concentrations of sugar alcohols (0.05,0.11,0.17 mol/l) which were compared with controlled medium in which was not added any type sugar alcohol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five genotypes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were induced to form microtubers under two in vitro culture conditions (continuos darkness and light). Cultures maintained under continuos darkness (with a temperatue of 17°C) had a higher yield with a greater number of microtuber(1.394/plantlet) than those maintained under long days (16 h of light/day) combined with temperature of 2 00C. In the last case the microtubers were higher, with with the highest average weight of 0.602 g. Three phytohormones it was used: coumarine, benzylaminopurine and salicylic acid. Regarding the average number of microtubers obtained when it was used coumarine and salicylic acid, the highest average number of microtubers was recorded (1,135 microtubers/plantlet). The study had been performed also on two fractions of the of sugar quantity (80 and 140 g/l), but they had less influence compared to the varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a great need for research aimed at understanding drought tolerance and creating breeders of varieties with tolerance / resistance to water stress. The present study had as goal to establish an effective in vitro method for determination of hydric stress over potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plantlets, from different varieties. It was used as osmotic stress agent the agar with different levels of concentrations applied in Murashige Skoog medium. Hydric stress in culture affected plantlet growth and the responses varied with genotype. Roclas variety was less affected than Christian and Rustic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the effect of potassium nutrition on the induction and development of microtubers by in vitro tuberization was evaluated for two potato genotypes: Christian and Desiree. The objective of this experience was to investigate whether an increasing in potassium concentration would improve in vitro tuberization rate. It was studied the effect of three levels of potassium (10, 25 and 40 (mM/L) on in vitro tuberization. Increasing the potassium supply increased the size but decreased the number of microtubers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental stresses result in water deficiency for the plants, thus impairing its numerous biological roles. Taking into account the need for production of early potato for consumption, we considered it necessary to test potato varieties, installing experience in the greenhouse. Watering was discontinued after three weeks of starting tuberization. The biological material used was plantlets and microtubers. We used five potato varieties: Christian, Roclas, Astral, Magic, Loial. Loial and Christian varieties achieved the highest values of tubers number / plant (3.65, 2.45 minitubers/ plant). Average weight of minitubers was influenced by planting material and varieties tested, ranging from 19.97 g / minitub at Christian variety, and 6.17 g / minitub at Loial variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]