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Association between SNPs in polymorphism in proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ( PPARG) and peak bone mineral density (BMD) variation of women was measured in 401 Chinese nuclear families using quantitative transmission disequilibrium test (QTDT). The peak BMD variation was not attributable to PPARG in our sample. The purpose of this study is to test whether genetic PPARG might play a role in normal variation in peak BMD. We genotyped 10 tagging SNPs in PPARG using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction and further test whether these SNPs were associated with peak BMD variation at the lumbar spine and femoral neck of women in 401 Chinese nuclear families using QTDT. Furthermore, the association between these SNPs in PPARG and BMD in 710 postmenopausal Chinese women was measured. Using QTDT for within-family association, we failed to find that single SNP and haplotype were significantly associated with peak BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Meanwhile, we found that only rs1801282 was significantly associated with BMD at the lumbar spine in postmenopausal women ( P = 0.013). Our present results suggest, for the first time, that the genetic polymorphism in PPARG is not a major contributor to the observed variability in peak BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck in Chinese women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]