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Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a transmembrane enzyme also known as folate hydrolase 1 highly expressed by prostate cancer (PCa) cells. However, PSMA overexpression by tumor-associated neovasculature of a variety of solid tumors, including glioblastoma (GBM), has also been proven. This clinical case reports about a 67-year-old man with a history of PCa who underwent radical surgery for GBM and performed a Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT to restage PCa. PET imaging showed PSMA uptake in GBM residual disease after surgery. This finding suggests a possible role of PSMA inhibitors as diagnostic and therapeutic agents in patients affected by GBM.

We present a rare case of a 42-year-old man with a long history of von Hippel-Lindau disease that was scanned with Ga-DOTA-TOC PET/CT for suspicion of disease relapse. Ga-DOTA-TOC imaging demonstrated increased DOTA-TOC uptake in pancreas tail and intramedullary and extramedullary spinal hemangioblastomas, only some of which have already been highlighted at MRI examination. This case illustrates the significant role the Ga-labeled somatostatin receptor analogs PET/CT in the management of the von Hippel-Lindau disease.

Introduction: Interventional oncology locoregional therapies are validated treatment modalities for primary and secondary tumors in liver, lung, kidney and bone. At this time, there is no accordance in the choice of imaging modality to assess treatment response. Morphological imaging and RECIST 1.1 criteria based on size variation are limited by several critical points. On the other hand the role of functional imaging, in particular by [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), in both staging and response evaluation of locoregional treatments remains unclear because of the heterogeneous nature of available data. The aim of this paper was to summarize the available literature illustrating the state of art of metabolic evaluation of response after locoregional therapies in the three major organs of interest: liver, lung and bone., Evidence Acquisition: Medline database was searched for relevant original paper evaluating the role of [18F]-FDG PET in interventional oncology treatment published up to June 2017 excluding case reports., Evidence Synthesis: Finally 41 studies papers evaluating the role of [18F]-FDG PET in both staging and in response evaluation of locoregional treatments focused on liver tumoral lesions (N.=29), on lung lesions (N.=10) and on bone lesions (N.=2) were considered for this review., Conclusions: PET/CT appears to perform well in the assessment of response to interventional therapies compared to conventional imaging, not only in terms of response evaluation but also as a possible prognostic tool. Nevertheless further prospective, homogenous studies are required to confirm these data, in particular for lung and bone lesions.

Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a standard procedure for imaging cancer commonly used in the clinical practice for several diseases, in particular for cancer staging, restaging, treatment monitoring and radiation therapy planning. Despite the availability of many radiotracers, 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-2-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) is the most used. International PET/CT guidelines propose protocols for patients' correct preparation before [18F]FDG injection, in particular with the regard of diabetic patients and therapy management. Hyperglycemic conditions and oral or insulin medication showed advantages and disadvantages on PET/CT scan accuracy: A correct knowledge of effects of these conditions on glucose metabolism assumes a fundamental role on patients management before [18F]FDG PET/CT scan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]