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Copyright © 2023 Costa, Henriques, Alarcão, Henriques, Madeira, Virgolino, Sousa, Feteira-Santos, Arriaga, Rocha and Nogueira. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms., Objective: This study aims to assess the active aging awareness of older adults in mainland Portugal and their levels of overall well-being and to identify social and health-related factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 613 older adults, aged 65 or older, who participated in the PROKnos – Knowing Social Prescribing needs of the elderly study in Portugal. The questionnaire consisted of the Active Ageing Awareness Questionnaire and the World Health Organization – Five Well-Being Index, as well as sociodemographic, economic, and health status questions. Correlation coefficients, t-tests for independent samples, and one-way ANOVA were used to explore potential associations between variables. Results: The active aging awareness levels were significantly higher for women (p = 0.031), and those who were younger (p = 0.011), more educated (p < 0.001), had a better financial situation (p < 0.001), and had better health (p < 0.001). The same pattern was found for well-being, except in relation to gender, as men had higher levels (p = 0.016). These variables were found to be correlated. Discussion: Even though active aging is an important strategy to implement, it is indispensable to consider the perceptions and conditions that need to be in place before that. This study reveals that several social and health-related factors are associated with well-being and active aging awareness, as well as the differences between groups that exist in mainland Portugal in relation to that. This emphasizes how vital it is to address social inequalities in active aging efforts, which are not necessarily uncovered when only considering actual active aging measures., This study is part of the research program of the General Foundation of the University of Salamanca, through the International Centre on Aging (CENIE), within the framework of the Programme for a Longevity Society (0551_PSL_6_E), a project co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Interreg VA Spain-Portugal Programme (POCTEP) 2014–2020.

© The Authors 2019, Objective: To evaluate daily eating frequency (main meals and snacks) in relation to weight status in children aged 3–9 years, representative of the Portuguese population. Design: Cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was estimated as the mean of two non-consecutive days of food diaries, followed by face-to-face interviews. Weight and height were measured by trained observers. Eating occasions (EO) were defined by the children’s caregiver; an EO was considered separate if the time of consumption was different from other EO and it provided at least 209 kJ (50 kcal). Main meals defined as ‘breakfast’, ‘lunch’ and ‘dinner’ could be selected only once per day. The remaining EO were considered snacks. The association between eating frequency and overweight/obesity was evaluated through logistic regressions weighted for the population distribution. Setting: National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese population, 2015–2016. Participants: Portuguese children aged 3–9 years with complete dietary data and anthropometric measurements (n 517). Results: Overall, the number of daily EO ranged from 3·5 to 11, and on average children had 5·7 daily EO. After adjustment for child’s sex, age and total energy intake, and considering only plausible energy intake reporters, having < 3 snacks/d was positively associated with being overweight/obese (OR = 1·98; 95 % CI 1·00, 3·90), compared with having ≥ 3 snacks/d. Conclusions: Lower daily frequency of EO was associated with increased odds of being overweight or obese in children. A higher eating frequency, maintaining the same energy intake, seems to contribute to a healthy body weight in children., This study had institutional support from the General Directorate of Health (DGS), the Regional Health Administration Departments, the Central Administration of the Health System (ACSS) and the European Food Safety Authority (CFT/EFSA/DCM/2012/01-C03). The researchers acknowledge all these institutions and persons involved in all phases of the IAN-AF 2015–2016, as well as the participants. Financial support: The IAN-AF 2015–2016 received funding from the EEA Grants Program, Public Health Initiatives (grant number PT06-000088SI3). The EEA Grant Program had no role in the design, analysis or writing of this article.

Consórcio: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (Carla Lopes, Milton Severo, Andreia Oliveira); Instituto de Saúde Publica da Universidade do Porto (Elisabete Ramos, Sofia Vilela); Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto (Duarte Torres, Sara Rodrigues); Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (Sofia Guiomar, Luísa Oliveira);: AIDFM - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa (Paulo Nicola, Violeta Alarcão); Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto (Jorge Mota) Faculdade de Motricidade Humana da Universidade de Lisboa (Pedro J. Teixeira); SilicoLife (Simão Soares); Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Oslo, Noruega (Lene Andersen) Este relatório foi realizado com informação recolhida no âmbito do Inquérito Alimentar Nacional e de Atividade Física (IAN-AF 2015-2016), desenvolvido por um Consórcio que tem como Promotor a Universidade do Porto. O IAN-AF recebeu financiamento do Espaço Económico Europeu concedido pela Islândia, Liechtenstein e Noruega através do Programa EEA Grants - Iniciativas de Saúde Pública, área dos Sistemas de Informação em Saúde (PT06 - 000088SI3). O IAN-AF teve o apoio institucional da Direção-Geral da Saúde, da Administração Central do Sistema de Saúde, das Administrações Regionais de Saúde, das Secretarias Regionais de Saúde dos Açores e da Madeira e da Autoridade Europeia para a Segurança dos Alimentos. O IAN-AF foi financiado pelo Programa Iniciativas em Saúde Pública, EEA-Grants. Este programa resulta do Memorando de Entendimento celebrado entre o Estado português e os países doadores (Islândia, Liechtenstein e Noruega) do Mecanismo Financeiro do Espaço Europeu. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Avaliou-se, pela primeira vez, a prevalência de excesso de peso em imigrantes brasileiros e africanos em Portugal. Foram selecionados imigrantes adultos de primeira geração por amostragem aleatória espacial. Os dados foram recolhidos em 2007. A amostra incluiu 1.777 imigrantes (adesão: 97,9%) (37,8% brasileiros; 53,5% mulheres). A pré-obesidade nos brasileiros foi de 28,0% nas mulheres e 30,9% nos homens; em africanos 32,8 e 36,0%, respetivamente. Na obesidade foi 7,1 e 7,8% (brasileiros) e 17,8 e 9,1% (africanos). O índice de massa corporal varia com: idade, estado civil, anos desde migração e naturalidade. Importa monitorizar os indicadores de saúde deste grupo de modo a delinear estratégias de intervenção. The aim of this study was to evaluate overweight rates among African and Brazilian immigrants living in Portugal. Participants were first generation immigrant's adults selected trough spatial random sampling. Data was collected in 2007. The sample included 1777 immigrants (adherence rate: 97.9%) (37.8% Brazilian; 53.5% female). Pre-obesity rates were 13.0% and 30.9% (Brazilian) and 32.8% and 36.0% (African) among female and male, respectively. Obesity rates were 7.1% and 7.8% (Brazilian) and 17.8% and 9.1% (African), respectively. Body mass index varies with age, marital status, time of residence in Portugal and nativity. It's essential to follow health indicators in immigrants, in order to design specific public health strategies.