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As the requirements for wearable electronic devices continue to increase, the development of bendable and foldable supercapacitors is becoming critical. However, it is still challenging to design free-standing electrodes with flexibility and high electrical conductivity. Herein, using carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as the biological template and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) as the electroactive material, a flexible CMC/PEDOT:PSS membrane with a cross-linked mesh structure was firstly synthesized by a facile in-situ polymerization and vacuum filtration process. Subsequently, the CMC/PEDOT:PSS membrane was further treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to remove the excess PSS, thereby enhancing their electrochemical performance. The results showed that the best performing hybrid membrane had good mechanical properties (tensile strength of 48.1 MPa) and high electrical conductivity (45.1 S cm -1 ). The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) is capable of delivering an energy density of 181.9 μW h cm -2 at a power density of 750 μW cm -2 and maintains an initial capacitance of 93.4 % and a coulombic efficiency of 100 % after 10,000 GCD cycles, demonstrating an ultra-long cycle life. Moreover, good electrochemical properties can be retained even in the bent and folded state. Therefore, the hybrid membrane electrode with both flexibility and high electrochemical performance has great potential for application in wearable electronics., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest No conflict of interest exits in the submission of this manuscript, and the manuscript is approved by all authors for publication., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Polyaniline (PANI) with/without polystyrene (PS), was successfully manufactured in the occurrence of dispersed pulp fibers via the oxidative polymerization reaction of aniline monomer to produce conductive paper sheets containing PANI, PANI/PS composites. Additionally, sliver nitrate (Ag-NO3) was added by varied loadings to the oxidative polymerization of aniline monomer to provide sliver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) emptied into the prepared paper sheets. The prepared paper sheets were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (IR), the mechanical properties of the prepared paper sheets were evaluated. Moreover, the electrical conductivity and biological studies such as cellulases assay, Microorganism & culture condition and detection of the released of Ag-NPs were evaluated. Furthermore, the prepared paper sheets were displayed good antibacterial properties contrary to gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Consequently, the prepared paper sheet may be used as novel materials for packaging applications., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Block copolymer micelles with bactericidal properties were designed to deactivate pathogens such as E. coli bacteria. The micelles of PS-b-PAA and PS-b-P4VP block copolymers were loaded with biocides TCMTB or TCN up to 20 or 30 wt.-%, depending on the type of antibacterial agent. Bacteria were exposed to loaded micelles and bacterial deactivation was evaluated. The micelles loaded with TCN are bactericidal; bacteria are killed in less than two minutes of exposure. The most likely interpretation of the data is that the biocide is transferred to the bacteria by repeated micelle/bacteria contacts, and not via the solution., (Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

The kinetics of loading of polystyrene197-block-poly(acrylic acid)47 (PS197-b-PAA47) micelles, suspended in water, with thiocyanomethylthiobenzothiazole biocide and its subsequent release were investigated. Loading of the micelles was found to be a two-step process. First, the surface of the PS core of the micelles is saturated with biocide, with a rate determined by the transfer of solid biocide to micelles during transient micelle-biocide contacts. Next, the biocide penetrates as a front into the micelles, lowering the Tg in the process (non-Fickian case II diffusion). The slow rate of release is governed by the height of the energy barrier that a biocide molecule must overcome to pass from PS into water, resulting in a uniform biocide concentration within the micelle, until Tg is increased to the point that diffusion inside the micelles becomes very slow. Maximum loading of biocide into micelles is approximately 30% (w/w) and is achieved in 1 h. From partition experiments, it can be concluded that the biocide has a similar preference for polystyrene as for ethylbenzene over water, implying that the maximum loading is governed by thermodynamics.

A careful conformational analysis of poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) at different pH values is presented. It is found that a strong internal hydrogen bond is formed at intermediate pH, which induces a change in the conformation of the polymer chain, which becomes linear. This linearity does not depend on the chirality of the polymer. The linearity of the chain occurs only at intermediate pH and can explain the association among the chains observed by dynamic light scattering at pH 7.