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The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical, electroencephalographic and polysomnographic features of patients presenting with parasomnias. Cases who were admitted for differentiating parasomnias from epilepsy were included in the study. Clinical features of cases were recorded and routine sleep electroencephalography was obtained from all cases. Cases whose symptoms strongly suggested nocturnal seizure underwent all night video electroencephalography monitoring. Polysomnography was obtained to evaluate the quality of breathing from patients whose symptoms suggested obstructive sleep apnea. Twenty-three patients with no neurological disorder were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 11.7 ± 2.8 [7-17] years. Twelve patients (52 %) presented with sleep terrors and 11 patients (48 %) presented with sleep walking. All of the patients underwent a routine sleep electroencephalographic study and 15 patients (65 %) whose symptoms strongly suggested nocturnal epilepsy underwent long-term video electroencephalographic evaluation. Ten patients (43 %) underwent polysomnographic study. Three patients (20 %) who underwent long-term video electroencephalographic evaluation were diagnosed to have nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy and two patients (20 %) who underwent polysomnography had pathological sleep apnea. Eleven patients (48 %) had a psychiatric disorder like major depression, anxiety disorder, hyperactivity disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Childhood cases presenting with parasomnias should be searched for nocturnal epileptic disorders, sleep disordered breathing and psychiatric disorders.

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Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of periodic leg movements (PLMs) in patients who underwent polysomnographic examinations and to compare the demographic and polysomnographic characteristics of patients with and without PLM. Materials and Methods: The demographic features and polysomnographic parameters of 491 patients were recorded. The patients were divided into two groups: PLMI ≤15 and >15. Patients with PLMI >15 and ≤15 and were defined as those with and without PLMI, respectively. All patients were grouped based on their sex and age. Results: Fifty-nine patients (12 men and 35 women) had PLMI >15. The age of the patients with PLM was significantly higher than that of those without PLM (p=0.05). When the groups were examined based on sex, in men, total sleep time (TST) in the non- PLM group and sleep time and sleep latency after sleep onset in the PLM group were significantly prolonged (p<0.05). Meanwhile, in women, only TST in the non-PLM group was significantly increased. Conclusion: PLM is a sleep-related movement disorder that is often unnoticeable by patients but may cause fatal consequences, leading to cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. Further studies are needed to better understand the clinical significance of this disease, which is diagnosed by polysomnography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is characterized by recurrent abnormal respiratory events during sleep and causes oxidative stress which is reported as a major pathogenic mechanism for the development of various cardiovascular disorders. For the diagnosis and management of treatment, disease-related symptoms and the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) measured from polysomnographic (PSG) recordings are taken together. However, AHI do not sufficiently represent the total hypoxic load, and other indices related to apnea frequency, apnea duration, and desaturation degree should be investigated. Methods: In this study, 317 polysomnographic recordings were retrospectively evaluated. Apart from the conventional AHI, apnea and/or hypopnea duration percentage (AHDP) and desaturation area (DesatArea) were calculated using PSG data. Results: According to the AHI, 21.8%, 32.8% and 45.4% of cases were grouped as mild, moderate and severe OSAS, respectively. When AHDP was taken into account, 10.4%, 22.1% and 67.5% of the cases were regrouped as mild, moderate or severe OSAS, respectively. When the DesatArea calculation was used, the grouping of cases as mild, moderate or severe OSAS changed in value to 10.7%, 21.1% and 68.1%, respectively. The total group change was found to be 58.4% for both the AHDP and DesatArea formulation. With the AHDP formulation, regrouping was made in 52.2% of the mild OSAS cases and 62.5% of the moderate OSAS cases; by using the DesatArea calculation, 50.7% of mild OSAS cases and 63% of moderate OSAS cases were regrouped. Conclusion: Our results show that when another parameters related to abnormal respiratory events are used, the same patients within the same group of disease severity are heterogeneously separated according to severity of hypoxia. It is suggested that grouping the patients based on AHI is insufficient and that using other polysomnographic measurements along with AHI should be considered to represent the severity of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Catathrenia is a sleep-related respiratory disorder characterized by groaning during sleep. This situation is usually not noticed by the affected individuals themselves but is often indicated by family members or bed partners. This disorder, the cause of which is not completely known, is extremely rare. In this case report, a patient who admitted with a complaint of groaning and diagnosed with catahtrenia by polysomnography was presented with its clinical and electrophysiological features. In addition to drawing attention to the fact that catathrenia may be confused with the central sleep apnea pattern in polysomnography, it was emphasized that it should be considered in the differential diagnosis because of a limited number of cases reported in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The aim of our study is to search for the existence of neuropathy, dysautonomia and to identify the correlations of sickness level of patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). Methods: The research is based on the real cases at Dokuz Eylul University of Medicine Sleep and Epilepsy Center, observed during September 2008-May 2009. The patients were selected by polysomnography samples based on 20 persons at same ages with following criteria; high leveled OSAS (AHİ≥30), low OSAS (5≤AH≥<30) and healthy participants. Classical ENMG protocol, symphatic skin response and R-R interval variation test were performed on these samples. Results: High and low leveled OSAS patients had a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in the average velocity of motor conduction in right tibialis posterior when compared to the control group. Besides we observed an statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in the average amplitud of symphatic skin responses in high leveled OSAS patients than control group. Conclusion: OSAS indicates a risk of possible peripheral neuropathy and autonomic dysfunction risk increases in positive correlation with level of OSAS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the changes in the polysomnographic parameters and the cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) in generalized and partial epilepsy patients (with and without epileptiform discharges in EEG) using video-EEG-PSG recording. Materials and Methods: 73 patients diagnosed with epilepsy and 19 healthy controls within the same age group (control group) underwent an 8 hour long sleep video-EEG-PSG recording. After the first evaluation, CAP parameters were scored in 57 patients (31 generalized and 26 partial epilepsy) and 16 healty subjects who have no sleep diseases and the results were compared within groups. Results: Total sleep time and NREM I phase were found to be longest in the partial epilepsy group, shortest in the control group while REM phase was just the opposite to this. Mean CAP ratios were found to be statistically higher in the generalized epilepsy group when compared to other two groups. This difference was found to be continued when the control group and the generalized epileptic patients who had no abnormality in EEG. No difference was found between the partial epilepsy and control group regarding CAP ratios. Conclusion: Patients with generalized epilepsy have differences compared to healthy individuals regarding the macro and microstructure of sleep and it seems that these differences are independent of the epileptiform discharges. In partial epilepsy patients, no microstructural differences were detected while macrostructural changes were evident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Thoracic Journal / Turk Toraks Dergisi is the property of Aves Yayincilik Ltd. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. Several co-morbid diseases have been shown to affect sexual functions in both genders. In the literature, sexual function status in men with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has been studied; however, sexual functions in women with OSAS have not yet been studied. Aims. In this prospective study, we aimed to determine sexual function status in women with OSAS and its relationship with the disease parameters of OSAS. Methods. Women, who were diagnosed with OSAS with polysomnography performed in the sleep center of our university hospital, formed the study population. Women with any genital deformity, postmenopausal women, and women without a regular partner were excluded from the study. General demographic properties, medical histories, polysomnography parameters, and frequency of intercourse per month were noted for each patient. Patients completed the Sexual Function Questionnaire Version 2 (SFQ-V2) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. The patients were grouped as mild, moderate, and severe OSAS according to the level of respiratory disturbance index (RDI). Main Outcome Measures. Scores of sexual function domains were determined from SFQ, and their relationships with parameters of polysomnography and demographics were studied. Results. Twenty-five patients were included in the study. Mean age was 48.1 ± 2.7 years. All were married with a mean marriage duration of 25.6 ± 3.3 years. Mean frequency of intercourse per month was 3.3 ± 1.8. All domains of sexual functions except pain and enjoyment significantly decreased with increasing severity of OSAS. When we controlled for factors of age and co-morbid diseases, correlation analyses showed significant negative correlation between levels of RDI and all domains of sexual functions except pain and enjoyment ( P < 0.05). Conclusions. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome negatively impacts sexual function in women independent of age and associated co-morbid diseases. Köseoğlu N, Köseoğlu H, Itil O, Öztura İ, Baklan B, Ikiz AO, and Esen AA. Sexual function status in women with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Sex Med 2007;4:1352–1357. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]