Author: "Chanock, Stephen J" / Topic: polymorphism - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Genome-wide analyses characterize shared heritability among cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility regions

Author: Lindström, Sara, Wang, Lu, Feng, Helian, Majumdar, Arunabha, Huo, Sijia, Macdonald, James, Harrison, Tabitha, Turman, Constance, Chen, Hongjie, Mancuso, Nicholas, Bammler, Theo, Consortium, Breast Cancer Association, Gallinger, Steve, Gruber, Stephen B, Gunter, Marc J, Le Marchand, Loic, Moreno, Victor, Offit, Kenneth, Study, Genetics And Epidemiology Of Colorectal Cancer Consortium Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study Colon Cancer Family Registry, De Vivo, Immaculata, O’Mara, Tracy A, Spurdle, Amanda B, Tomlinson, Ian, Consortium, Endometrial Cancer Association, Fitzgerald, Rebecca, Gharahkhani, Puya, Gockel, Ines, Jankowski, Janusz, Macgregor, Stuart, Schumacher, Johannes, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Bondy, Melissa L, Houlston, Richard S, Jenkins, Robert B, Melin, Beatrice, Wrensch, Margaret, Brennan, Paul, Christiani, David C, Johansson, Mattias, Mckay, James, Aldrich, Melinda C, Amos, Christopher I, Landi, Maria Teresa, Tardon, Adonina, Consortium, International Lung Cancer, Bishop, D Timothy, Demenais, Florence, Goldstein, Alisa M, Iles, Mark M, Kanetsky, Peter A, Law, Matthew H, Consortium, Ovarian Cancer Association, Amundadottir, Laufey T, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Wolpin, Brian M, Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort, Klein, Alison, Petersen, Gloria, Risch, Harvey, Consortium, The PRACTICAL Consortium Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control, Chanock, Stephen J, Purdue, Mark P, Scelo, Ghislaine, Pharoah, Paul, Kar, Siddhartha, Hung, Rayjean J, Pasaniuc, Bogdan, and Kraft, Peter
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Human Genome, Genetics, Digestive Diseases, Prevention, Clinical Research, Urologic Diseases, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Male, Humans, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Neoplasms, Risk Factors, Transcriptome, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, Colorectal Transdisciplinary Study (CORECT), Colon Cancer Family Registry Study (CCFR), Genetics And Epidemiology Of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium, International Lung Cancer Consortium, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (Panc4), The PRACTICAL Consortium, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundThe shared inherited genetic contribution to risk of different cancers is not fully known. In this study, we leverage results from 12 cancer genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to quantify pairwise genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers and identify novel cancer susceptibility loci.MethodsWe collected GWAS summary statistics for 12 solid cancers based on 376 759 participants with cancer and 532 864 participants without cancer of European ancestry. The included cancer types were breast, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, glioma, head and neck, lung, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, and renal cancers. We conducted cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies to discover novel cancer susceptibility loci. Finally, we assessed the extent of variant-specific pleiotropy among cancers at known and newly identified cancer susceptibility loci.ResultsWe observed widespread but modest genome-wide genetic correlations across cancers. In cross-cancer GWAS and transcriptome-wide association studies, we identified 15 novel cancer susceptibility loci. Additionally, we identified multiple variants at 77 distinct loci with strong evidence of being associated with at least 2 cancer types by testing for pleiotropy at known cancer susceptibility loci.ConclusionsOverall, these results suggest that some genetic risk variants are shared among cancers, though much of cancer heritability is cancer-specific and thus tissue-specific. The increase in statistical power associated with larger sample sizes in cross-disease analysis allows for the identification of novel susceptibility regions. Future studies incorporating data on multiple cancer types are likely to identify additional regions associated with the risk of multiple cancer types.
Published: 2023

2. A genome-wide gene-environment interaction study of breast cancer risk for women of European ancestry

Author: Middha, Pooja, Wang, Xiaoliang, Behrens, Sabine, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dennis, Joe, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Ahearn, Thomas U, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Auer, Paul L, Augustinsson, Annelie, Baert, Thaïs, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Becher, Heiko, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Bojesen, Stig E, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Campa, Daniele, Canzian, Federico, Carracedo, Angel, Castelao, Jose E, Chanock, Stephen J, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Dossus, Laure, Dugué, Pierre-Antoine, Eliassen, A Heather, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine D, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Giles, Graham G, González-Neira, Anna, Grassmann, Felix, Grundy, Anne, Guénel, Pascal, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Hankinson, Susan E, Harkness, Elaine F, Holleczek, Bernd, Hoppe, Reiner, Hopper, John L, Houlston, Richard S, Howell, Anthony, Hunter, David J, Ingvar, Christian, Isaksson, Karolin, Jernström, Helena, John, Esther M, Jones, Michael E, Kaaks, Rudolf, Keeman, Renske, Kitahara, Cari M, Ko, Yon-Dschun, Koutros, Stella, Kurian, Allison W, Lacey, James V, Lambrechts, Diether, Larson, Nicole L, Larsson, Susanna, Le Marchand, Loic, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Li, Shuai, Linet, Martha, Lissowska, Jolanta, Martinez, Maria Elena, Maurer, Tabea, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Mulot, Claire, Murphy, Rachel A, Newman, William G, Nielsen, Sune F, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Norman, Aaron, O’Brien, Katie M, Olson, Janet E, Patel, Alpa V, Prentice, Ross, Rees-Punia, Erika, Rennert, Gad, Rhenius, Valerie, Ruddy, Kathryn J, and Sandler, Dale P
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Genomics, Human Genome, Estrogen, Cancer, Women's Health, Genetics, Prevention, Aging, Breast Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Female, Humans, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Breast Neoplasms, Bayes Theorem, Genome-Wide Association Study, Risk Factors, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Case-Control Studies, Breast cancer, Gene-environment interactions, Genetic epidemiology, European ancestry, CTS Consortium, ABCTB Investigators, kConFab Investigators, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundGenome-wide studies of gene-environment interactions (G×E) may identify variants associated with disease risk in conjunction with lifestyle/environmental exposures. We conducted a genome-wide G×E analysis of ~ 7.6 million common variants and seven lifestyle/environmental risk factors for breast cancer risk overall and for estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer.MethodsAnalyses were conducted using 72,285 breast cancer cases and 80,354 controls of European ancestry from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Gene-environment interactions were evaluated using standard unconditional logistic regression models and likelihood ratio tests for breast cancer risk overall and for ER + breast cancer. Bayesian False Discovery Probability was employed to assess the noteworthiness of each SNP-risk factor pairs.ResultsAssuming a 1 × 10-5 prior probability of a true association for each SNP-risk factor pairs and a Bayesian False Discovery Probability
Published: 2023

3. Aggregation tests identify new gene associations with breast cancer in populations with diverse ancestry

Author: Mueller, Stefanie H, Lai, Alvina G, Valkovskaya, Maria, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dennis, Joe, Lush, Michael, Abu-Ful, Zomoruda, Ahearn, Thomas U, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Augustinsson, Annelie, Baert, Thais, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Brenner, Hermann, Brucker, Sara Y, Buys, Saundra S, Castelao, Jose E, Chan, Tsun L, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Choi, Ji-Yeob, Chung, Wendy K, Colonna, Sarah V, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, Dossus, Laure, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Ekici, Arif B, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gao, Yu-Tang, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Genkinger, Jeanine, Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra, Grassmann, Felix, Guénel, Pascal, Gündert, Melanie, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Harkness, Elaine F, Harrington, Patricia A, Hartikainen, Jaana M, Hartman, Mikael, Hein, Alexander, Ho, Weang-Kee, Hooning, Maartje J, Hoppe, Reiner, Hopper, John L, Houlston, Richard S, Howell, Anthony, Hunter, David J, Huo, Dezheng, Ito, Hidemi, Iwasaki, Motoki, Jakubowska, Anna, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M, Jones, Michael E, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kang, Daehee, Khusnutdinova, Elza K, Kim, Sung-Won, Kitahara, Cari M, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Kristensen, Vessela N, Kubelka-Sabit, Katerina, Kurian, Allison W, Kwong, Ava, Lacey, James V, Lambrechts, Diether, and Le Marchand, Loic
Subjects: Breast Cancer, Genetics, Clinical Research, Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, Female, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Black People, Genetic Testing, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Formins, Breast cancer susceptibility, Diverse ancestry, Rare variants, Gene regulation, Genome-wide association study, NBCS Collaborators, CTS Consortium, ABCTB Investigators, Clinical Sciences
Abstract: BackgroundLow-frequency variants play an important role in breast cancer (BC) susceptibility. Gene-based methods can increase power by combining multiple variants in the same gene and help identify target genes.MethodsWe evaluated the potential of gene-based aggregation in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium cohorts including 83,471 cases and 59,199 controls. Low-frequency variants were aggregated for individual genes' coding and regulatory regions. Association results in European ancestry samples were compared to single-marker association results in the same cohort. Gene-based associations were also combined in meta-analysis across individuals with European, Asian, African, and Latin American and Hispanic ancestry.ResultsIn European ancestry samples, 14 genes were significantly associated (q
Published: 2023

4. Inflated expectations: Rare-variant association analysis using public controls

Author: Kim, Jung, Karyadi, Danielle M, Hartley, Stephen W, Zhu, Bin, Wang, Mingyi, Wu, Dongjing, Song, Lei, Armstrong, Gregory T, Bhatia, Smita, Robison, Leslie L, Yasui, Yutaka, Carter, Brian, Sampson, Joshua N, Freedman, Neal D, Goldstein, Alisa M, Mirabello, Lisa, Chanock, Stephen J, Morton, Lindsay M, Savage, Sharon A, and Stewart, Douglas R
Subjects: Epidemiology, Biological Sciences, Health Sciences, Genetics, Motivation, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Software, General Science & Technology
Abstract: The use of publicly available sequencing datasets as controls (hereafter, "public controls") in studies of rare variant disease associations has great promise but can increase the risk of false-positive discovery. The specific factors that could contribute to inflated distribution of test statistics have not been systematically examined. Here, we leveraged both public controls, gnomAD v2.1 and several datasets sequenced in our laboratory to systematically investigate factors that could contribute to the false-positive discovery, as measured by λΔ95, a measure to quantify the degree of inflation in statistical significance. Analyses of datasets in this investigation found that 1) the significantly inflated distribution of test statistics decreased substantially when the same variant caller and filtering pipelines were employed, 2) differences in library prep kits and sequencers did not affect the false-positive discovery rate and, 3) joint vs. separate variant-calling of cases and controls did not contribute to the inflation of test statistics. Currently available methods do not adequately adjust for the high false-positive discovery. These results, especially if replicated, emphasize the risks of using public controls for rare-variant association tests in which individual-level data and the computational pipeline are not readily accessible, which prevents the use of the same variant-calling and filtering pipelines on both cases and controls. A plausible solution exists with the emergence of cloud-based computing, which can make it possible to bring containerized analytical pipelines to the data (rather than the data to the pipeline) and could avert or minimize these issues. It is suggested that future reports account for this issue and provide this as a limitation in reporting new findings based on studies that cannot practically analyze all data on a single pipeline.
Published: 2023

5. Physical activity, sedentary time and breast cancer risk: a Mendelian randomisation study

Author: Dixon-Suen, Suzanne C, Lewis, Sarah J, Martin, Richard M, English, Dallas R, Boyle, Terry, Giles, Graham G, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dennis, Joe, Lush, Michael, Investigators, ABCTB, Ahearn, Thomas U, Ambrosone, Christine B, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Augustinsson, Annelie, Auvinen, Päivi, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Becher, Heiko, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Bermisheva, Marina, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Brenner, Hermann, Brüning, Thomas, Buys, Saundra S, Camp, Nicola J, Campa, Daniele, Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E, Cessna, Melissa H, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Clarke, Christine L, Conroy, Don M, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Goldberg, Mark S, Guénel, Pascal, Gündert, Melanie, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Häberle, Lothar, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Hart, Steven N, Harvie, Michelle, Hillemanns, Peter, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hooning, Maartje J, Hoppe, Reiner, Hopper, John, Howell, Anthony, Hunter, David J, Jakubowska, Anna, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Keeman, Renske, Kitahara, Cari M, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Kristensen, Vessela N, Kubelka-Sabit, Katerina, Kurian, Allison W, Lacey, James V, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lindblom, Annika, Loibl, Sibylle, Lubiński, Jan, Mannermaa, Arto, and Manoochehri, Mehdi
Subjects: Aging, Genetics, Breast Cancer, Clinical Research, Cancer, Prevention, Female, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Exercise, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Sedentary Behavior, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, Breast, Physical activity, Sedentary Behaviour, Engineering, Medical and Health Sciences, Education, Sport Sciences
Abstract: ObjectivesPhysical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are associated with higher breast cancer risk in observational studies, but ascribing causality is difficult. Mendelian randomisation (MR) assesses causality by simulating randomised trial groups using genotype. We assessed whether lifelong physical activity or sedentary time, assessed using genotype, may be causally associated with breast cancer risk overall, pre/post-menopause, and by case-groups defined by tumour characteristics.MethodsWe performed two-sample inverse-variance-weighted MR using individual-level Breast Cancer Association Consortium case-control data from 130 957 European-ancestry women (69 838 invasive cases), and published UK Biobank data (n=91 105-377 234). Genetic instruments were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated in UK Biobank with wrist-worn accelerometer-measured overall physical activity (nsnps=5) or sedentary time (nsnps=6), or accelerometer-measured (nsnps=1) or self-reported (nsnps=5) vigorous physical activity.ResultsGreater genetically-predicted overall activity was associated with lower breast cancer overall risk (OR=0.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42 to 0.83 per-standard deviation (SD;~8 milligravities acceleration)) and for most case-groups. Genetically-predicted vigorous activity was associated with lower risk of pre/perimenopausal breast cancer (OR=0.62; 95% CI 0.45 to 0.87,≥3 vs. 0 self-reported days/week), with consistent estimates for most case-groups. Greater genetically-predicted sedentary time was associated with higher hormone-receptor-negative tumour risk (OR=1.77; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.92 per-SD (~7% time spent sedentary)), with elevated estimates for most case-groups. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses examining pleiotropy (including weighted-median-MR, MR-Egger).ConclusionOur study provides strong evidence that greater overall physical activity, greater vigorous activity, and lower sedentary time are likely to reduce breast cancer risk. More widespread adoption of active lifestyles may reduce the burden from the most common cancer in women.
Published: 2022

6. Cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 61,047 cases and 947,237 controls identifies new susceptibility loci contributing to lung cancer.

Author: Byun, Jinyoung, Han, Younghun, Li, Yafang, Xia, Jun, Long, Erping, Choi, Jiyeon, Xiao, Xiangjun, Zhu, Meng, Zhou, Wen, Sun, Ryan, Bossé, Yohan, Song, Zhuoyi, Schwartz, Ann, Lusk, Christine, Rafnar, Thorunn, Stefansson, Kari, Zhang, Tongwu, Zhao, Wei, Pettit, Rowland W, Liu, Yanhong, Li, Xihao, Zhou, Hufeng, Walsh, Kyle M, Gorlov, Ivan, Gorlova, Olga, Zhu, Dakai, Rosenberg, Susan M, Pinney, Susan, Bailey-Wilson, Joan E, Mandal, Diptasri, de Andrade, Mariza, Gaba, Colette, Willey, James C, You, Ming, Anderson, Marshall, Wiencke, John K, Albanes, Demetrius, Lam, Stephan, Tardon, Adonina, Chen, Chu, Goodman, Gary, Bojeson, Stig, Brenner, Hermann, Landi, Maria Teresa, Chanock, Stephen J, Johansson, Mattias, Muley, Thomas, Risch, Angela, Wichmann, H-Erich, Bickeböller, Heike, Christiani, David C, Rennert, Gad, Arnold, Susanne, Field, John K, Shete, Sanjay, Le Marchand, Loic, Melander, Olle, Brunnstrom, Hans, Liu, Geoffrey, Andrew, Angeline S, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Shen, Hongbing, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, Grankvist, Kjell, Johansson, Mikael, Caporaso, Neil, Cox, Angela, Hong, Yun-Chul, Yuan, Jian-Min, Lazarus, Philip, Schabath, Matthew B, Aldrich, Melinda C, Patel, Alpa, Lan, Qing, Rothman, Nathaniel, Taylor, Fiona, Kachuri, Linda, Witte, John S, Sakoda, Lori C, Spitz, Margaret, Brennan, Paul, Lin, Xihong, McKay, James, Hung, Rayjean J, and Amos, Christopher I
Subjects: Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, RNA-Binding Proteins, DNA-Binding Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genome-Wide Association Study, Human Genome, Cancer, Genetics, Lung, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract: To identify new susceptibility loci to lung cancer among diverse populations, we performed cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies in European, East Asian and African populations and discovered five loci that have not been previously reported. We replicated 26 signals and identified 10 new lead associations from previously reported loci. Rare-variant associations tended to be specific to populations, but even common-variant associations influencing smoking behavior, such as those with CHRNA5 and CYP2A6, showed population specificity. Fine-mapping and expression quantitative trait locus colocalization nominated several candidate variants and susceptibility genes such as IRF4 and FUBP1. DNA damage assays of prioritized genes in lung fibroblasts indicated that a subset of these genes, including the pleiotropic gene IRF4, potentially exert effects by promoting endogenous DNA damage.
Published: 2022

7. Polygenic risk modeling for prediction of epithelial ovarian cancer risk

Author: Dareng, Eileen O, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Barnes, Daniel R, Jones, Michelle R, Yang, Xin, Aben, Katja KH, Adank, Muriel A, Agata, Simona, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Aravantinos, Gerasimos, Arun, Banu K, Augustinsson, Annelie, Balmaña, Judith, Bandera, Elisa V, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barrowdale, Daniel, Beckmann, Matthias W, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernardini, Marcus Q, Bjorge, Line, Black, Amanda, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brenton, James D, Budzilowska, Agnieszka, Butzow, Ralf, Buys, Saundra S, Cai, Hui, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Cannioto, Rikki, Cassingham, Hayley, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Kexin, Chiew, Yoke-Eng, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Colonna, Sarah, Cook, Linda S, Couch, Fergus J, Daly, Mary B, Dao, Fanny, Davies, Eleanor, de la Hoya, Miguel, de Putter, Robin, Dennis, Joe, DePersia, Allison, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Doherty, Jennifer A, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, du Bois, Andreas, Dürst, Matthias, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, Heather A, Engel, Christoph, Evans, Gareth D, Fasching, Peter A, Flanagan, James M, Fortner, Renée T, Machackova, Eva, Friedman, Eitan, Ganz, Patricia A, Garber, Judy, Gensini, Francesca, Giles, Graham G, Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K, Goodman, Marc T, Greene, Mark H, Gronwald, Jacek, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, Hansen, Thomas VO, Harris, Holly R, Hartman, Mikael, Heitz, Florian, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Høgdall, Estrid, Høgdall, Claus K, Hopper, John L, Huang, Ruea-Yea, Huff, Chad, Hulick, Peter J, Huntsman, David G, Imyanitov, Evgeny N, Isaacs, Claudine, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A, and Janavicius, Ramunas
Subjects: Prevention, Cancer, Ovarian Cancer, Rare Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Bayes Theorem, Breast Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prospective Studies, Risk Factors, GEMO Study Collaborators, GC-HBOC Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, OPAL Study Group, AOCS Group, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, OCAC Consortium, CIMBA Consortium, Genetics, Clinical Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have the potential to improve risk stratification. Joint estimation of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) effects in models could improve predictive performance over standard approaches of PRS construction. Here, we implemented computationally efficient, penalized, logistic regression models (lasso, elastic net, stepwise) to individual level genotype data and a Bayesian framework with continuous shrinkage, "select and shrink for summary statistics" (S4), to summary level data for epithelial non-mucinous ovarian cancer risk prediction. We developed the models in a dataset consisting of 23,564 non-mucinous EOC cases and 40,138 controls participating in the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) and validated the best models in three populations of different ancestries: prospective data from 198,101 women of European ancestries; 7,669 women of East Asian ancestries; 1,072 women of African ancestries, and in 18,915 BRCA1 and 12,337 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestries. In the external validation data, the model with the strongest association for non-mucinous EOC risk derived from the OCAC model development data was the S4 model (27,240 SNPs) with odds ratios (OR) of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.28-1.48, AUC: 0.588) per unit standard deviation, in women of European ancestries; 1.14 (95% CI: 1.08-1.19, AUC: 0.538) in women of East Asian ancestries; 1.38 (95% CI: 1.21-1.58, AUC: 0.593) in women of African ancestries; hazard ratios of 1.36 (95% CI: 1.29-1.43, AUC: 0.592) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.35-1.64, AUC: 0.624) in BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. Incorporation of the S4 PRS in risk prediction models for ovarian cancer may have clinical utility in ovarian cancer prevention programs.
Published: 2022

8. Association of germline genetic variants with breast cancer-specific survival in patient subgroups defined by clinic-pathological variables related to tumor biology and type of systemic treatment

Author: Morra, Anna, Escala-Garcia, Maria, Beesley, Jonathan, Keeman, Renske, Canisius, Sander, Ahearn, Thomas U, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Auer, Paul L, Augustinsson, Annelie, Beane Freeman, Laura E, Becher, Heiko, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Brenner, Hermann, Brüning, Thomas, Buys, Saundra S, Caan, Bette, Campa, Daniele, Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Cheng, Ting-Yuan David, Clarke, Christine L, Colonna, Sarah V, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Dennis, Joe, Dörk, Thilo, Dossus, Laure, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Ekici, Arif B, Eliassen, A Heather, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Flyger, Henrik, Fritschi, Lin, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, García-Sáenz, José A, Giles, Graham G, Grip, Mervi, Guénel, Pascal, Gündert, Melanie, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Hart, Steven N, Hartikainen, Jaana M, Hartmann, Arndt, He, Wei, Hooning, Maartje J, Hoppe, Reiner, Hopper, John L, Howell, Anthony, Hunter, David J, Jager, Agnes, Jakubowska, Anna, Janni, Wolfgang, John, Esther M, Jung, Audrey Y, Kaaks, Rudolf, Keupers, Machteld, Kitahara, Cari M, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Kristensen, Vessela N, Kurian, Allison W, Lacey, James V, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lindblom, Annika, Linet, Martha, Luben, Robert N, Lubiński, Jan, Lush, Michael, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John WM, Martinez, Maria Elena, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Milne, Roger L, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Muranen, Taru A, Nevanlinna, Heli, Newman, William G, and Nielsen, Sune F
Subjects: Clinical Research, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Human Genome, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Germ-Line Mutation, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prognosis, Survival Analysis, Common germline genetic variants, Breast cancer-specific survival, Patient subgroups, Tumor biology, Systemic treatment, NBCS Collaborators, ABCTB Investigators, kConFab Investigators, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundGiven the high heterogeneity among breast tumors, associations between common germline genetic variants and survival that may exist within specific subgroups could go undetected in an unstratified set of breast cancer patients.MethodsWe performed genome-wide association analyses within 15 subgroups of breast cancer patients based on prognostic factors, including hormone receptors, tumor grade, age, and type of systemic treatment. Analyses were based on 91,686 female patients of European ancestry from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium, including 7531 breast cancer-specific deaths over a median follow-up of 8.1 years. Cox regression was used to assess associations of common germline variants with 15-year and 5-year breast cancer-specific survival. We assessed the probability of these associations being true positives via the Bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP
Published: 2021

9. Mendelian randomisation study of smoking exposure in relation to breast cancer risk

Author: Park, Hanla A, Neumeyer, Sonja, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dennis, Joe, Ahearn, Thomas U, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Augustinsson, Annelie, Baten, Adinda, Beane Freeman, Laura E, Becher, Heiko, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Brucker, Sara Y, Burwinkel, Barbara, Campa, Daniele, Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E, Chanock, Stephen J, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Clarke, Christine L, Conroy, Don M, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Flyger, Henrik, Fritschi, Lin, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Giles, Graham G, Glendon, Gord, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Grip, Mervi, Guénel, Pascal, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Han, Sileny, Harkness, Elaine F, Hart, Steven N, He, Wei, Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette AM, Hopper, John L, Hunter, David J, Jager, Agnes, Jakubowska, Anna, John, Esther M, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Keeman, Renske, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kitahara, Cari M, Koppert, Linetta B, Koutros, Stella, Kristensen, Vessela N, Kurian, Allison W, Lacey, James, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lo, Wing-Yee, Lubiński, Jan, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Margolin, Sara, Martinez, Maria Elena, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Meindl, Alfons, Menon, Usha, Milne, Roger L, Muranen, Taru A, and Nevanlinna, Heli
Subjects: Genetics, Cancer, Substance Misuse, Clinical Research, Human Genome, Prevention, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Breast Cancer, Tobacco, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Good Health and Well Being, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Cigarette Smoking, Female, Genetic Pleiotropy, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotyping Techniques, Humans, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, NBCS Collaborators, ABCTB Investigators, kConFab Investigators, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundDespite a modest association between tobacco smoking and breast cancer risk reported by recent epidemiological studies, it is still equivocal whether smoking is causally related to breast cancer risk.MethodsWe applied Mendelian randomisation (MR) to evaluate a potential causal effect of cigarette smoking on breast cancer risk. Both individual-level data as well as summary statistics for 164 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reported in genome-wide association studies of lifetime smoking index (LSI) or cigarette per day (CPD) were used to obtain MR effect estimates. Data from 108,420 invasive breast cancer cases and 87,681 controls were used for the LSI analysis and for the CPD analysis conducted among ever-smokers from 26,147 cancer cases and 26,072 controls. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to address pleiotropy.ResultsGenetically predicted LSI was associated with increased breast cancer risk (OR 1.18 per SD, 95% CI: 1.07-1.30, P = 0.11 × 10-2), but there was no evidence of association for genetically predicted CPD (OR 1.02, 95% CI: 0.78-1.19, P = 0.85). The sensitivity analyses yielded similar results and showed no strong evidence of pleiotropic effect.ConclusionOur MR study provides supportive evidence for a potential causal association with breast cancer risk for lifetime smoking exposure but not cigarettes per day among smokers.
Published: 2021

10. Cross-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identifies six breast cancer loci in African and European ancestry women.

Author: Adedokun, Babatunde, Du, Zhaohui, Gao, Guimin, Ahearn, Thomas U, Lunetta, Kathryn L, Zirpoli, Gary, Figueroa, Jonine, John, Esther M, Bernstein, Leslie, Zheng, Wei, Hu, Jennifer J, Ziegler, Regina G, Nyante, Sarah, Bandera, Elisa V, Ingles, Sue A, Press, Michael F, Deming-Halverson, Sandra L, Rodriguez-Gil, Jorge L, Yao, Song, Ogundiran, Temidayo O, Ojengbede, Oladosu, Blot, William, Troester, Melissa A, Nathanson, Katherine L, Hennis, Anselm, Nemesure, Barbara, Ambs, Stefan, Fiorica, Peter N, Sucheston-Campbell, Lara E, Bensen, Jeannette T, Kushi, Lawrence H, Torres-Mejia, Gabriela, Hu, Donglei, Fejerman, Laura, Bolla, Manjeet K, Dennis, Joe, Dunning, Alison M, Easton, Douglas F, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Pharoah, Paul DP, Wang, Qin, Sandler, Dale P, Taylor, Jack A, O'Brien, Katie M, Kitahara, Cari M, Falusi, Adeyinka G, Babalola, Chinedum, Yarney, Joel, Awuah, Baffour, Addai-Wiafe, Beatrice, GBHS Study Team, Chanock, Stephen J, Olshan, Andrew F, Ambrosone, Christine B, Conti, David V, Ziv, Elad, Olopade, Olufunmilayo I, Garcia-Closas, Montserrat, Palmer, Julie R, Haiman, Christopher A, and Huo, Dezheng
Subjects: GBHS Study Team, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait Loci, Introns, African Continental Ancestry Group, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: Our study describes breast cancer risk loci using a cross-ancestry GWAS approach. We first identify variants that are associated with breast cancer at P
Published: 2021

11. Discovery and fine-mapping of height loci via high-density imputation of GWASs in individuals of African ancestry

Author: Graff, Mariaelisa, Justice, Anne E, Young, Kristin L, Marouli, Eirini, Zhang, Xinruo, Fine, Rebecca S, Lim, Elise, Buchanan, Victoria, Rand, Kristin, Feitosa, Mary F, Wojczynski, Mary K, Yanek, Lisa R, Shao, Yaming, Rohde, Rebecca, Adeyemo, Adebowale A, Aldrich, Melinda C, Allison, Matthew A, Ambrosone, Christine B, Ambs, Stefan, Amos, Christopher, Arnett, Donna K, Atwood, Larry, Bandera, Elisa V, Bartz, Traci, Becker, Diane M, Berndt, Sonja I, Bernstein, Leslie, Bielak, Lawrence F, Blot, William J, Bottinger, Erwin P, Bowden, Donald W, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Brody, Jennifer A, Broeckel, Ulrich, Burke, Gregory, Cade, Brian E, Cai, Qiuyin, Caporaso, Neil, Carlson, Chris, Carpten, John, Casey, Graham, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Guanjie, Chen, Minhui, Chen, Yii-Der I, Chen, Wei-Min, Chesi, Alessandra, Chiang, Charleston WK, Chu, Lisa, Coetzee, Gerry A, Conti, David V, Cooper, Richard S, Cushman, Mary, Demerath, Ellen, Deming, Sandra L, Dimitrov, Latchezar, Ding, Jingzhong, Diver, W Ryan, Duan, Qing, Evans, Michele K, Falusi, Adeyinka G, Faul, Jessica D, Fornage, Myriam, Fox, Caroline, Freedman, Barry I, Garcia, Melissa, Gillanders, Elizabeth M, Goodman, Phyllis, Gottesman, Omri, Grant, Struan FA, Guo, Xiuqing, Hakonarson, Hakon, Haritunians, Talin, Harris, Tamara B, Harris, Curtis C, Henderson, Brian E, Hennis, Anselm, Hernandez, Dena G, Hirschhorn, Joel N, McNeill, Lorna Haughton, Howard, Timothy D, Howard, Barbara, Hsing, Ann W, Hsu, Yu-Han H, Hu, Jennifer J, Huff, Chad D, Huo, Dezheng, Ingles, Sue A, Irvin, Marguerite R, John, Esther M, Johnson, Karen C, Jordan, Joanne M, Kabagambe, Edmond K, Kang, Sun J, Kardia, Sharon L, Keating, Brendan J, Kittles, Rick A, Klein, Eric A, Kolb, Suzanne, and Kolonel, Laurence N
Subjects: Human Genome, Genetics, Africa, Black or African American, Black People, Body Height, Europe, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, African ancestry, fine-mapping, genome-wide, height, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract: Although many loci have been associated with height in European ancestry populations, very few have been identified in African ancestry individuals. Furthermore, many of the known loci have yet to be generalized to and fine-mapped within a large-scale African ancestry sample. We performed sex-combined and sex-stratified meta-analyses in up to 52,764 individuals with height and genome-wide genotyping data from the African Ancestry Anthropometry Genetics Consortium (AAAGC). We additionally combined our African ancestry meta-analysis results with published European genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. In the African ancestry analyses, we identified three novel loci (SLC4A3, NCOA2, ECD/FAM149B1) in sex-combined results and two loci (CRB1, KLF6) in women only. In the African plus European sex-combined GWAS, we identified an additional three novel loci (RCCD1, G6PC3, CEP95) which were equally driven by AAAGC and European results. Among 39 genome-wide significant signals at known loci, conditioning index SNPs from European studies identified 20 secondary signals. Two of the 20 new secondary signals and none of the 8 novel loci had minor allele frequencies (MAF) < 5%. Of 802 known European height signals, 643 displayed directionally consistent associations with height, of which 205 were nominally significant (p < 0.05) in the African ancestry sex-combined sample. Furthermore, 148 of 241 loci contained ≤20 variants in the credible sets that jointly account for 99% of the posterior probability of driving the associations. In summary, trans-ethnic meta-analyses revealed novel signals and further improved fine-mapping of putative causal variants in loci shared between African and European ancestry populations.
Published: 2021

12. Combined Associations of a Polygenic Risk Score and Classical Risk Factors With Breast Cancer Risk.

Author: Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Mavaddat, Nasim, Choudhury, Parichoy Pal, Wilcox, Amber N, Lindström, Sara, Behrens, Sabine, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Jung, Audrey, Abu-Ful, Zomoroda, Ahearn, Thomas, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Auer, Paul L, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Becher, Heiko, Beckmann, Matthias W, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Benitez, Javier, Bernstein, Leslie, Bojesen, Stig E, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Brüning, Thomas, Cai, Qiuyin, Campa, Daniele, Canzian, Federico, Carracedo, Angel, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chanock, Stephen J, Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Clarke, Christine L, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Dai, James Y, Earp, H Shelton, Ekici, Arif B, Eliassen, A Heather, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gao, Chi, Gapstur, Susan M, Gaudet, Mia M, Giles, Graham G, González-Neira, Anna, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Hatse, Sigrid, Heyworth, Jane, Holleczek, Bernd, Hoover, Robert N, Hopper, John L, Howell, Anthony, Hunter, David J, ABCTB Investigators, kConFab/AOCS Investigators, John, Esther M, Jones, Michael E, Kaaks, Rudolf, Keeman, Renske, Kitahara, Cari M, Ko, Yon-Dschun, Koutros, Stella, Kurian, Allison W, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lee, Eunjung, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Linet, Martha, Lissowska, Jolanta, Llaneza, Ana, MacInnis, Robert J, Martinez, Maria Elena, Maurer, Tabea, McLean, Catriona, Neuhausen, Susan L, Newman, William G, Norman, Aaron, O'Brien, Katie M, Olshan, Andrew F, Olson, Janet E, Olsson, Håkan, and Orr, Nick
Subjects: ABCTB Investigators, kConFab/AOCS Investigators, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Receptors, Estrogen, Medical History Taking, Body Mass Index, Logistic Models, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, White People, Aging, Breast Cancer, Prevention, Cancer, Clinical Research, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract: We evaluated the joint associations between a new 313-variant PRS (PRS313) and questionnaire-based breast cancer risk factors for women of European ancestry, using 72 284 cases and 80 354 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Interactions were evaluated using standard logistic regression and a newly developed case-only method for breast cancer risk overall and by estrogen receptor status. After accounting for multiple testing, we did not find evidence that per-standard deviation PRS313 odds ratio differed across strata defined by individual risk factors. Goodness-of-fit tests did not reject the assumption of a multiplicative model between PRS313 and each risk factor. Variation in projected absolute lifetime risk of breast cancer associated with classical risk factors was greater for women with higher genetic risk (PRS313 and family history) and, on average, 17.5% higher in the highest vs lowest deciles of genetic risk. These findings have implications for risk prevention for women at increased risk of breast cancer.
Published: 2021

13. A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Author: Coignard, Juliette, Lush, Michael, Beesley, Jonathan, O'Mara, Tracy A, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Barnes, Daniel R, McGuffog, Lesley, Leslie, Goska, Bolla, Manjeet K, Adank, Muriel A, Agata, Simona, Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Augustinsson, Annelie, Azzollini, Jacopo, Barrowdale, Daniel, Baynes, Caroline, Becher, Heiko, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Białkowska, Katarzyna, Blomqvist, Carl, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Clarke, Christine L, GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, Collée, J Margriet, Conroy, Don M, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Domchek, Susan M, Dörk, Thilo, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Flyger, Henrik, Fostira, Florentia, Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, Garber, Judy, Garcia-Barberan, Vanesa, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Gayther, Simon A, Gehrig, Andrea, Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A, Hart, Steven N, He, Wei, Hogervorst, Frans BL, Hollestelle, Antoinette, and Hopper, John L
Subjects: GEMO Study Collaborators, EMBRACE Collaborators, KConFab Investigators, HEBON Investigators, ABCTB Investigators, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, BRCA1 Protein, BRCA2 Protein, Risk Factors, Genotype, Linkage Disequilibrium, Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alleles, Quantitative Trait Loci, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Breast Cancer, Prevention, Cancer, Genetic Testing, Human Genome, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract: Breast cancer (BC) risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers varies by genetic and familial factors. About 50 common variants have been shown to modify BC risk for mutation carriers. All but three, were identified in general population studies. Other mutation carrier-specific susceptibility variants may exist but studies of mutation carriers have so far been underpowered. We conduct a novel case-only genome-wide association study comparing genotype frequencies between 60,212 general population BC cases and 13,007 cases with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. We identify robust novel associations for 2 variants with BC for BRCA1 and 3 for BRCA2 mutation carriers, P
Published: 2021

14. CYP3A7*1C allele: linking premenopausal oestrone and progesterone levels with risk of hormone receptor-positive breast cancers

Author: Johnson, Nichola, Maguire, Sarah, Morra, Anna, Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Tomczyk, Katarzyna, Jones, Michael E, Schoemaker, Minouk J, Gilham, Clare, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dennis, Joe, Ahearn, Thomas U, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Augustinsson, Annelie, Baynes, Caroline, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Blomqvist, Carl, Boeckx, Bram, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Burwinkel, Barbara, Campa, Daniele, Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E, Chanock, Stephen J, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Clarke, Christine L, Conroy, Don M, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Dörk, Thilo, Eliassen, A Heather, Engel, Christoph, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine, Floris, Giuseppe, Flyger, Henrik, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, García-Closas, Montserrat, Gaudet, Mia M, Giles, Graham G, Goldberg, Mark S, González-Neira, Anna, Guénel, Pascal, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A, Hart, Steven N, Hooning, Maartje J, Hopper, John L, Howell, Anthony, Hunter, David J, Jager, Agnes, Jakubowska, Anna, John, Esther M, Kaaks, Rudolf, Keeman, Renske, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kitahara, Cari M, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Koutros, Stella, Kraft, Peter, Kristensen, Vessela N, Kurian, Allison W, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Linet, Martha, Lubiński, Jan, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John WM, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Mayes, Rebecca, Meindl, Alfons, Milne, Roger L, Neuhausen, Susan L, Nevanlinna, Heli, Newman, William G, Nielsen, Sune F, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Obi, Nadia, Olshan, Andrew F, and Olson, Janet E
Subjects: Estrogen, Human Genome, Clinical Research, Cancer, Aging, Breast Cancer, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Alleles, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A, Estrone, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Pregnanediol, Premenopause, Progesterone, Receptors, Estrogen, Receptors, Progesterone, NBCS Collaborators, AOCS Group, ABCTB Investigators, kConFab Investigators, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundEpidemiological studies provide strong evidence for a role of endogenous sex hormones in the aetiology of breast cancer. The aim of this analysis was to identify genetic variants that are associated with urinary sex-hormone levels and breast cancer risk.MethodsWe carried out a genome-wide association study of urinary oestrone-3-glucuronide and pregnanediol-3-glucuronide levels in 560 premenopausal women, with additional analysis of progesterone levels in 298 premenopausal women. To test for the association with breast cancer risk, we carried out follow-up genotyping in 90,916 cases and 89,893 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. All women were of European ancestry.ResultsFor pregnanediol-3-glucuronide, there were no genome-wide significant associations; for oestrone-3-glucuronide, we identified a single peak mapping to the CYP3A locus, annotated by rs45446698. The minor rs45446698-C allele was associated with lower oestrone-3-glucuronide (-49.2%, 95% CI -56.1% to -41.1%, P = 3.1 × 10-18); in follow-up analyses, rs45446698-C was also associated with lower progesterone (-26.7%, 95% CI -39.4% to -11.6%, P = 0.001) and reduced risk of oestrogen and progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.82-0.91, P = 6.9 × 10-8).ConclusionsThe CYP3A7*1C allele is associated with reduced risk of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer possibly mediated via an effect on the metabolism of endogenous sex hormones in premenopausal women.
Published: 2021

15. Germline variants and breast cancer survival in patients with distant metastases at primary breast cancer diagnosis

Author: Escala-Garcia, Maria, Canisius, Sander, Keeman, Renske, Beesley, Jonathan, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Augustinsson, Annelie, Becher, Heiko, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Bermisheva, Marina, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Brenner, Hermann, Canzian, Federico, Castelao, Jose E, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Couch, Fergus J, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Dennis, Joe, Devilee, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, Dunning, Alison M, Easton, Douglas F, Ekici, Arif B, Eliassen, A Heather, Fasching, Peter A, Flyger, Henrik, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A, Geisler, Jürgen, Giles, Graham G, Grip, Mervi, Gündert, Melanie, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Hartikainen, Jaana M, Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernadette AM, Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hoppe, Reiner, Hopper, John L, Hunter, David J, Jacot, William, Jakubowska, Anna, John, Esther M, Jung, Audrey Y, Kaaks, Rudolf, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Koppert, Linetta B, Kraft, Peter, Kristensen, Vessela N, Kurian, Allison W, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lindblom, Annika, Luben, Robert N, Lubiński, Jan, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoochehri, Mehdi, Margolin, Sara, Mavroudis, Dimitrios, Muranen, Taru A, Nevanlinna, Heli, Olshan, Andrew F, Olsson, Håkan, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Patel, Alpa V, Peterlongo, Paolo, Pharoah, Paul DP, Punie, Kevin, Radice, Paolo, Rennert, Gad, Rennert, Hedy S, Romero, Atocha, Roylance, Rebecca, Rüdiger, Thomas, Ruebner, Matthias, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sawyer, Elinor J, Schmutzler, Rita K, Schoemaker, Minouk J, Scott, Christopher, Southey, Melissa C, Surowy, Harald, Swerdlow, Anthony J, Tamimi, Rulla M, Teras, Lauren R, Thomas, Emilie, Tomlinson, Ian, Troester, Melissa A, Vachon, Celine M, Wang, Qin, Winqvist, Robert, and Wolk, Alicja
Subjects: Cancer, Breast Cancer, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Detection, screening and diagnosis, 4.1 Discovery and preclinical testing of markers and technologies, Aetiology, Biomarkers, Tumor, Breast Neoplasms, Cancer Survivors, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetic Variation, Germ Cells, Germ-Line Mutation, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, kConFab/AOCS Investigators
Abstract: Breast cancer metastasis accounts for most of the deaths from breast cancer. Identification of germline variants associated with survival in aggressive types of breast cancer may inform understanding of breast cancer progression and assist treatment. In this analysis, we studied the associations between germline variants and breast cancer survival for patients with distant metastases at primary breast cancer diagnosis. We used data from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) including 1062 women of European ancestry with metastatic breast cancer, 606 of whom died of breast cancer. We identified two germline variants on chromosome 1, rs138569520 and rs146023652, significantly associated with breast cancer-specific survival (P = 3.19 × 10-8 and 4.42 × 10-8). In silico analysis suggested a potential regulatory effect of the variants on the nearby target genes SDE2 and H3F3A. However, the variants showed no evidence of association in a smaller replication dataset. The validation dataset was obtained from the SNPs to Risk of Metastasis (StoRM) study and included 293 patients with metastatic primary breast cancer at diagnosis. Ultimately, larger replication studies are needed to confirm the identified associations.
Published: 2021

16. Assessment of interactions between 205 breast cancer susceptibility loci and 13 established risk factors in relation to breast cancer risk, in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium

Author: Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Lindström, Sara, Behrens, Sabine, Wang, Xiaoliang, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dennis, Joe, Dunning, Alison M, Pharoah, Paul DP, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Kraft, Peter, García-Closas, Montserrat, Easton, Douglas F, Milne, Roger L, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Ahearn, Thomas, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Auer, Paul L, Augustinsson, Annelie, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Bernstein, Leslie, Berrandou, Takiy, Bojesen, Stig E, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Brock, Ian W, Broeks, Annegien, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Butterbach, Katja, Cai, Qiuyin, Campa, Daniele, Canzian, Federico, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chanock, Stephen J, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Cheng, Ting-Yuan David, Clarke, Christine L, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Dai, James Y, Dite, Gillian S, Earp, H Shelton, Eliassen, A Heather, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine, Flyger, Henrik, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, Gaudet, Mia M, Giles, Graham G, González-Neira, Anna, Grundy, Anne, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Hankinson, Susan E, Harkness, Elaine F, Harstad, Tricia, He, Wei, Heyworth, Jane, Hoover, Robert N, Hopper, John L, Humphreys, Keith, Hunter, David J, Marrón, Pablo Isidro, John, Esther M, Jones, Michael E, Jung, Audrey, Kaaks, Rudolf, Keeman, Renske, Kitahara, Cari M, Ko, Yon-Dschun, Koutros, Stella, Krüger, Ute, Lambrechts, Diether, Le Marchand, Loic, Lee, Eunjung, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Linet, Martha, Lissowska, Jolanta, Llaneza, Ana, Lo, Wing-Yee, and Makalic, Enes
Subjects: Genetics, Estrogen, Clinical Research, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Alleles, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Europe, Factor XIII, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, Estrogen, Risk Factors, White People, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, Europeans, Gene-environment interaction, breast cancer, epidemiology, risk factors, single nucleotide polymorphism, Statistics, Public Health and Health Services, Epidemiology
Abstract: BackgroundPrevious gene-environment interaction studies of breast cancer risk have provided sparse evidence of interactions. Using the largest available dataset to date, we performed a comprehensive assessment of potential effect modification of 205 common susceptibility variants by 13 established breast cancer risk factors, including replication of previously reported interactions.MethodsAnalyses were performed using 28 176 cases and 32 209 controls genotyped with iCOGS array and 44 109 cases and 48 145 controls genotyped using OncoArray from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). Gene-environment interactions were assessed using unconditional logistic regression and likelihood ratio tests for breast cancer risk overall and by estrogen-receptor (ER) status. Bayesian false discovery probability was used to assess the noteworthiness of the meta-analysed array-specific interactions.ResultsNoteworthy evidence of interaction at ≤1% prior probability was observed for three single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-risk factor pairs. SNP rs4442975 was associated with a greater reduction of risk of ER-positive breast cancer [odds ratio (OR)int = 0.85 (0.78-0.93), Pint = 2.8 x 10-4] and overall breast cancer [ORint = 0.85 (0.78-0.92), Pint = 7.4 x 10-5) in current users of estrogen-progesterone therapy compared with non-users. This finding was supported by replication using OncoArray data of the previously reported interaction between rs13387042 (r2 = 0.93 with rs4442975) and current estrogen-progesterone therapy for overall disease (Pint = 0.004). The two other interactions suggested stronger associations between SNP rs6596100 and ER-negative breast cancer with increasing parity and younger age at first birth.ConclusionsOverall, our study does not suggest strong effect modification of common breast cancer susceptibility variants by established risk factors.
Published: 2020

17. A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of multiple myeloma among men and women of African ancestry

Author: Du, Zhaohui, Weinhold, Niels, Song, Gregory Chi, Rand, Kristin A, Van Den Berg, David J, Hwang, Amie E, Sheng, Xin, Hom, Victor, Ailawadhi, Sikander, Nooka, Ajay K, Singhal, Seema, Pawlish, Karen, Peters, Edward S, Bock, Cathryn, Mohrbacher, Ann, Stram, Alexander, Berndt, Sonja I, Blot, William J, Casey, Graham, Stevens, Victoria L, Kittles, Rick, Goodman, Phyllis J, Diver, W Ryan, Hennis, Anselm, Nemesure, Barbara, Klein, Eric A, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Stanford, Janet L, Witte, John S, Signorello, Lisa, John, Esther M, Bernstein, Leslie, Stroup, Antoinette M, Stephens, Owen W, Zangari, Maurizio, Van Rhee, Frits, Olshan, Andrew, Zheng, Wei, Hu, Jennifer J, Ziegler, Regina, Nyante, Sarah J, Ingles, Sue Ann, Press, Michael F, Carpten, John David, Chanock, Stephen J, Mehta, Jayesh, Colditz, Graham A, Wolf, Jeffrey, Martin, Thomas G, Tomasson, Michael, Fiala, Mark A, Terebelo, Howard, Janakiraman, Nalini, Kolonel, Laurence, Anderson, Kenneth C, Le Marchand, Loic, Auclair, Daniel, Chiu, Brian C-H, Ziv, Elad, Stram, Daniel, Vij, Ravi, Bernal-Mizrachi, Leon, Morgan, Gareth J, Zonder, Jeffrey A, Huff, Carol Ann, Lonial, Sagar, Orlowski, Robert Z, Conti, David V, Haiman, Christopher A, and Cozen, Wendy
Subjects: Hematology, Rare Diseases, Genetics, Cancer, Clinical Research, Prevention, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Multiple Myeloma, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Transcriptional Elongation Factors
Abstract: Persons of African ancestry (AA) have a twofold higher risk for multiple myeloma (MM) compared with persons of European ancestry (EA). Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) support a genetic contribution to MM etiology in individuals of EA. Little is known about genetic risk factors for MM in individuals of AA. We performed a meta-analysis of 2 GWASs of MM in 1813 cases and 8871 controls and conducted an admixture mapping scan to identify risk alleles. We fine-mapped the 23 known susceptibility loci to find markers that could better capture MM risk in individuals of AA and constructed a polygenic risk score (PRS) to assess the aggregated effect of known MM risk alleles. In GWAS meta-analysis, we identified 2 suggestive novel loci located at 9p24.3 and 9p13.1 at P < 1 × 10-6; however, no genome-wide significant association was noted. In admixture mapping, we observed a genome-wide significant inverse association between local AA at 2p24.1-23.1 and MM risk in AA individuals. Of the 23 known EA risk variants, 20 showed directional consistency, and 9 replicated at P < .05 in AA individuals. In 8 regions, we identified markers that better capture MM risk in persons with AA. AA individuals with a PRS in the top 10% had a 1.82-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.56-2.11) increased MM risk compared with those with average risk (25%-75%). The strongest functional association was between the risk allele for variant rs56219066 at 5q15 and lower ELL2 expression (P = 5.1 × 10-12). Our study shows that common genetic variation contributes to MM risk in individuals with AA.
Published: 2020

18. Assessment of polygenic architecture and risk prediction based on common variants across fourteen cancers

Author: Zhang, Yan Dora, Hurson, Amber N, Zhang, Haoyu, Choudhury, Parichoy Pal, Easton, Douglas F, Milne, Roger L, Simard, Jacques, Hall, Per, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Gharahkhani, Puya, Whiteman, David, Campbell, Peter T, Hoffmeister, Michael, Jenkins, Mark, Peters, Ulrike, Hsu, Li, Gruber, Stephen B, Casey, Graham, Schmit, Stephanie L, O’Mara, Tracy A, Spurdle, Amanda B, Thompson, Deborah J, Tomlinson, Ian, De Vivo, Immaculata, Landi, Maria Teresa, Law, Matthew H, Iles, Mark M, Demenais, Florence, Kumar, Rajiv, MacGregor, Stuart, Bishop, D Timothy, Ward, Sarah V, Bondy, Melissa L, Houlston, Richard, Wiencke, John K, Melin, Beatrice, Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill, Kinnersley, Ben, Wrensch, Margaret R, Amos, Christopher I, Hung, Rayjean J, Brennan, Paul, McKay, James, Caporaso, Neil E, Berndt, Sonja I, Birmann, Brenda M, Camp, Nicola J, Kraft, Peter, Rothman, Nathaniel, Slager, Susan L, Berchuck, Andrew, Pharoah, Paul DP, Sellers, Thomas A, Gayther, Simon A, Pearce, Celeste L, Goode, Ellen L, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Moysich, Kirsten B, Amundadottir, Laufey T, Jacobs, Eric J, Klein, Alison P, Petersen, Gloria M, Risch, Harvey A, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachel Z, Wolpin, Brian M, Li, Donghui, Eeles, Rosalind A, Haiman, Christopher A, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Al Olama, Ali Amin, Purdue, Mark P, Scelo, Ghislaine, Dalgaard, Marlene D, Greene, Mark H, Grotmol, Tom, Kanetsky, Peter A, McGlynn, Katherine A, Nathanson, Katherine L, Turnbull, Clare, Wiklund, Fredrik, Chanock, Stephen J, Chatterjee, Nilanjan, and Garcia-Closas, Montserrat
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Prevention, Prostate Cancer, Urologic Diseases, Human Genome, Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Animals, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Incidence, Male, Models, Genetic, Multifactorial Inheritance, Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Breast Cancer Association Consortium, Barrett’s and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium, Colon Cancer Family Registry, Transdisciplinary Studies of Genetic Variation in Colorectal Cancer, Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium, Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Melanoma Genetics Consortium, Glioma International Case-Control Study, International Lung Cancer Consortium, Integrative Analysis of Lung Cancer Etiology and Risk (INTEGRAL) Consortium, International Consortium of Investigators Working on Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Epidemiologic Studies, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Oral Cancer GWAS, Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium, Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium, Prostate Cancer Association Group to Investigate Cancer Associated Alterations in the Genome, Renal Cancer GWAS, Testicular Cancer Consortium
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have led to the identification of hundreds of susceptibility loci across cancers, but the impact of further studies remains uncertain. Here we analyse summary-level data from GWAS of European ancestry across fourteen cancer sites to estimate the number of common susceptibility variants (polygenicity) and underlying effect-size distribution. All cancers show a high degree of polygenicity, involving at a minimum of thousands of loci. We project that sample sizes required to explain 80% of GWAS heritability vary from 60,000 cases for testicular to over 1,000,000 cases for lung cancer. The maximum relative risk achievable for subjects at the 99th risk percentile of underlying polygenic risk scores (PRS), compared to average risk, ranges from 12 for testicular to 2.5 for ovarian cancer. We show that PRS have potential for risk stratification for cancers of breast, colon and prostate, but less so for others because of modest heritability and lower incidence.
Published: 2020

19. Genetic overlap between autoimmune diseases and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma subtypes

Author: Din, Lennox, Sheikh, Mohammad, Kosaraju, Nikitha, Smedby, Karin Ekstrom, Bernatsky, Sasha, Berndt, Sonja I, Skibola, Christine F, Nieters, Alexandra, Wang, Sophia, McKay, James D, Cocco, Pierluigi, Maynadié, Marc, Foretová, Lenka, Staines, Anthony, Mack, Thomas M, de Sanjosé, Silvia, Vyse, Timothy J, Padyukov, Leonid, Monnereau, Alain, Arslan, Alan A, Moore, Amy, Brooks‐Wilson, Angela R, Novak, Anne J, Glimelius, Bengt, Birmann, Brenda M, Link, Brian K, Stewart, Carolyn, Vajdic, Claire M, Haioun, Corinne, Magnani, Corrado, Conti, David V, Cox, David G, Casabonne, Delphine, Albanes, Demetrius, Kane, Eleanor, Roman, Eve, Muzi, Giacomo, Salles, Gilles, Giles, Graham G, Adami, Hans‐Olov, Ghesquières, Hervé, De Vivo, Immaculata, Clavel, Jacqueline, Cerhan, James R, Spinelli, John J, Hofmann, Jonathan, Vijai, Joseph, Curtin, Karen, Costenbader, Karen H, Onel, Kenan, Offit, Kenneth, Teras, Lauren R, Morton, Lindsay, Conde, Lucia, Miligi, Lucia, Melbye, Mads, Ennas, Maria Grazia, Liebow, Mark, Purdue, Mark P, Glenn, Martha, Southey, Melissa C, Din, Morris, Rothman, Nathaniel, Camp, Nicola J, Doo, Nicole Wong, Becker, Nikolaus, Pradhan, Nisha, Bracci, Paige M, Boffetta, Paolo, Vineis, Paolo, Brennan, Paul, Kraft, Peter, Lan, Qing, Severson, Richard K, Vermeulen, Roel CH, Milne, Roger L, Kaaks, Rudolph, Travis, Ruth C, Weinstein, Stephanie J, Chanock, Stephen J, Ansell, Stephen M, Slager, Susan L, Zheng, Tongzhang, Zhang, Yawei, Benavente, Yolanda, Taub, Zachary, Madireddy, Lohith, Gourraud, Pierre‐Antoine, Oksenberg, Jorge R, Cozen, Wendy, Hjalgrim, Henrik, and Khankhanian, Pouya
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Genetics, Lymphoma, Arthritis, Neurodegenerative, Brain Disorders, Autoimmune Disease, Cancer, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, Hematology, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Inflammatory and immune system, Alleles, Autoimmune Diseases, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, HLA Antigens, Humans, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Male, Middle Aged, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, autoimmune disease, genome-wide association study, meta-analysis, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Public Health and Health Services, Epidemiology
Abstract: Epidemiologic studies show an increased risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in patients with autoimmune disease (AD), due to a combination of shared environmental factors and/or genetic factors, or a causative cascade: chronic inflammation/antigen-stimulation in one disease leads to another. Here we assess shared genetic risk in genome-wide-association-studies (GWAS). Secondary analysis of GWAS of NHL subtypes (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and marginal zone lymphoma) and ADs (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis). Shared genetic risk was assessed by (a) description of regional genetic of overlap, (b) polygenic risk score (PRS), (c)"diseasome", (d)meta-analysis. Descriptive analysis revealed few shared genetic factors between each AD and each NHL subtype. The PRS of ADs were not increased in NHL patients (nor vice versa). In the diseasome, NHLs shared more genetic etiology with ADs than solid cancers (p = .0041). A meta-analysis (combing AD with NHL) implicated genes of apoptosis and telomere length. This GWAS-based analysis four NHL subtypes and three ADs revealed few weakly-associated shared loci, explaining little total risk. This suggests common genetic variation, as assessed by GWAS in these sample sizes, may not be the primary explanation for the link between these ADs and NHLs.
Published: 2019

20. Novel Common Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Colorectal Cancer

Author: Schmit, Stephanie L, Edlund, Christopher K, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Gong, Jian, Harrison, Tabitha A, Huyghe, Jeroen R, Qu, Chenxu, Melas, Marilena, Van Den Berg, David J, Wang, Hansong, Tring, Stephanie, Plummer, Sarah J, Albanes, Demetrius, Alonso, M Henar, Amos, Christopher I, Anton, Kristen, Aragaki, Aaron K, Arndt, Volker, Barry, Elizabeth L, Berndt, Sonja I, Bezieau, Stéphane, Bien, Stephanie, Bloomer, Amanda, Boehm, Juergen, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Brenner, Hermann, Brezina, Stefanie, Buchanan, Daniel D, Butterbach, Katja, Caan, Bette J, Campbell, Peter T, Carlson, Christopher S, Castelao, Jose E, Chan, Andrew T, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Cheng, Iona, Cheng, Ya-Wen, Chin, Lee Soo, Church, James M, Church, Timothy, Coetzee, Gerhard A, Cotterchio, Michelle, Correa, Marcia Cruz, Curtis, Keith R, Duggan, David, Easton, Douglas F, English, Dallas, Feskens, Edith JM, Fischer, Rocky, FitzGerald, Liesel M, Fortini, Barbara K, Fritsche, Lars G, Fuchs, Charles S, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gala, Manish, Gallinger, Steven J, Gauderman, W James, Giles, Graham G, Giovannucci, Edward L, Gogarten, Stephanie M, Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio, Gonzalez-Villalpando, Elena M, Grady, William M, Greenson, Joel K, Gsur, Andrea, Gunter, Marc, Haiman, Christopher A, Hampe, Jochen, Harlid, Sophia, Harju, John F, Hayes, Richard B, Hofer, Philipp, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L, Huang, Shu-Chen, Huerta, Jose Maria, Hudson, Thomas J, Hunter, David J, Idos, Gregory E, Iwasaki, Motoki, Jackson, Rebecca D, Jacobs, Eric J, Jee, Sun Ha, Jenkins, Mark A, Jia, Wei-Hua, Jiao, Shuo, Joshi, Amit D, Kolonel, Laurence N, Kono, Suminori, Kooperberg, Charles, Krogh, Vittorio, Kuehn, Tilman, Küry, Sébastien, LaCroix, Andrea, Laurie, Cecelia A, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Lemire, Mathieu, Lenz, Heinz-Josef, and Levine, David
Subjects: Prevention, Cancer, Digestive Diseases, Human Genome, Genetics, Clinical Research, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Case-Control Studies, Colorectal Neoplasms, Ethnicity, Follow-Up Studies, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prognosis, United States, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundPrevious genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 42 loci (P < 5 × 10-8) associated with risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Expanded consortium efforts facilitating the discovery of additional susceptibility loci may capture unexplained familial risk.MethodsWe conducted a GWAS in European descent CRC cases and control subjects using a discovery-replication design, followed by examination of novel findings in a multiethnic sample (cumulative n = 163 315). In the discovery stage (36 948 case subjects/30 864 control subjects), we identified genetic variants with a minor allele frequency of 1% or greater associated with risk of CRC using logistic regression followed by a fixed-effects inverse variance weighted meta-analysis. All novel independent variants reaching genome-wide statistical significance (two-sided P < 5 × 10-8) were tested for replication in separate European ancestry samples (12 952 case subjects/48 383 control subjects). Next, we examined the generalizability of discovered variants in East Asians, African Americans, and Hispanics (12 085 case subjects/22 083 control subjects). Finally, we examined the contributions of novel risk variants to familial relative risk and examined the prediction capabilities of a polygenic risk score. All statistical tests were two-sided.ResultsThe discovery GWAS identified 11 variants associated with CRC at P < 5 × 10-8, of which nine (at 4q22.2/5p15.33/5p13.1/6p21.31/6p12.1/10q11.23/12q24.21/16q24.1/20q13.13) independently replicated at a P value of less than .05. Multiethnic follow-up supported the generalizability of discovery findings. These results demonstrated a 14.7% increase in familial relative risk explained by common risk alleles from 10.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 7.9% to 13.7%; known variants) to 11.9% (95% CI = 9.2% to 15.5%; known and novel variants). A polygenic risk score identified 4.3% of the population at an odds ratio for developing CRC of at least 2.0.ConclusionsThis study provides insight into the architecture of common genetic variation contributing to CRC etiology and improves risk prediction for individualized screening.
Published: 2019

21. Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers.

Author: Jiang, Xia, Finucane, Hilary K, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Schmit, Stephanie L, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Han, Younghun, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Lesseur, Corina, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B, Dennis, Joe, Conti, David V, Casey, Graham, Gaudet, Mia M, Huyghe, Jeroen R, Albanes, Demetrius, Aldrich, Melinda C, Andrew, Angeline S, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antoniou, Antonis C, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arnold, Susanne M, Aronson, Kristan J, Arun, Banu K, Bandera, Elisa V, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barnes, Daniel R, Batra, Jyotsna, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Benlloch, Sara, Berchuck, Andrew, Berndt, Sonja I, Bickeböller, Heike, Bien, Stephanie A, Blomqvist, Carl, Boccia, Stefania, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Brenton, James D, Brook, Mark N, Brunet, Joan, Brunnström, Hans, Buchanan, Daniel D, Burwinkel, Barbara, Butzow, Ralf, Cadoni, Gabriella, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Campbell, Peter T, Cancel-Tassin, Géraldine, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Campa, Daniele, Caporaso, Neil, Carvalho, André L, Chan, Andrew T, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Chu, Christiani, David C, Claes, Kathleen BM, Claessens, Frank, Clements, Judith, Collée, J Margriet, Correa, Marcia Cruz, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cunningham, Julie M, Cybulski, Cezary, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, deFazio, Anna, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Donovan, Jenny L, Dörk, Thilo, Duell, Eric J, Dunning, Alison M, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Edlund, Christopher K, Edwards, Digna R Velez, Ellberg, Carolina, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Ferris, Robert L, Liloglou, Triantafillos, Figueiredo, Jane C, Fletcher, Olivia, Fortner, Renée T, Fostira, Florentia, Franceschi, Silvia, Friedman, Eitan, Gallinger, Steven J, and Ganz, Patricia A
Subjects: Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Colorectal Neoplasms, Ovarian Neoplasms, Head and Neck Neoplasms, Lung Neoplasms, Prostatic Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Neoplasm Proteins, Case-Control Studies, Smoking, Mental Disorders, Inheritance Patterns, Phenotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prevention, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Genetics, Rare Diseases, Lung Cancer, Human Genome, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Digestive Diseases, Lung, MD Multidisciplinary
Abstract: Quantifying the genetic correlation between cancers can provide important insights into the mechanisms driving cancer etiology. Using genome-wide association study summary statistics across six cancer types based on a total of 296,215 cases and 301,319 controls of European ancestry, here we estimate the pair-wise genetic correlations between breast, colorectal, head/neck, lung, ovary and prostate cancer, and between cancers and 38 other diseases. We observed statistically significant genetic correlations between lung and head/neck cancer (rg = 0.57, p = 4.6 × 10-8), breast and ovarian cancer (rg = 0.24, p = 7 × 10-5), breast and lung cancer (rg = 0.18, p =1.5 × 10-6) and breast and colorectal cancer (rg = 0.15, p = 1.1 × 10-4). We also found that multiple cancers are genetically correlated with non-cancer traits including smoking, psychiatric diseases and metabolic characteristics. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant excess contribution of conserved and regulatory regions to cancer heritability. Our comprehensive analysis of cross-cancer heritability suggests that solid tumors arising across tissues share in part a common germline genetic basis.
Published: 2019

22. Polygenic Risk Scores for Prediction of Breast Cancer and Breast Cancer Subtypes.

Author: Mavaddat, Nasim, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Dennis, Joe, Lush, Michael, Fachal, Laura, Lee, Andrew, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Chen, Ting-Huei, Wang, Qin, Bolla, Manjeet K, Yang, Xin, Adank, Muriel A, Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Allen, Jamie, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arndt, Volker, Aronson, Kristan J, Auer, Paul L, Auvinen, Päivi, Barrdahl, Myrto, Beane Freeman, Laura E, Beckmann, Matthias W, Behrens, Sabine, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Brauch, Hiltrud, Bremer, Michael, Brenner, Hermann, Brentnall, Adam, Brock, Ian W, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brucker, Sara Y, Brüning, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, Jose E, Chanock, Stephen J, Chlebowski, Rowan, Christiansen, Hans, Clarke, Christine L, Collée, J Margriet, Cordina-Duverger, Emilie, Cornelissen, Sten, Couch, Fergus J, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Devilee, Peter, Dörk, Thilo, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dumont, Martine, Durcan, Lorraine, Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M, Ekici, Arif B, Eliassen, A Heather, Ellberg, Carolina, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D Gareth, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine, Fletcher, Olivia, Flyger, Henrik, Försti, Asta, Fritschi, Lin, Gabrielson, Marike, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M, García-Sáenz, José A, Gaudet, Mia M, Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G, Gilyazova, Irina R, Glendon, Gord, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Grenaker Alnæs, Grethe I, Grip, Mervi, Gronwald, Jacek, Grundy, Anne, Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A, Håkansson, Niclas, Hamann, Ute, and Hankinson, Susan E
Subjects: ABCTB Investigators, kConFab/AOCS Investigators, NBCS Collaborators, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Receptors, Estrogen, Medical History Taking, Risk Assessment, Reproducibility of Results, Age Factors, Multifactorial Inheritance, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, breast, cancer, epidemiology, genetic, polygenic, prediction, risk, score, screening, stratification, Human Genome, Cancer, Genetics, Clinical Research, Prevention, Breast Cancer, Good Health and Well Being, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract: Stratification of women according to their risk of breast cancer based on polygenic risk scores (PRSs) could improve screening and prevention strategies. Our aim was to develop PRSs, optimized for prediction of estrogen receptor (ER)-specific disease, from the largest available genome-wide association dataset and to empirically validate the PRSs in prospective studies. The development dataset comprised 94,075 case subjects and 75,017 control subjects of European ancestry from 69 studies, divided into training and validation sets. Samples were genotyped using genome-wide arrays, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected by stepwise regression or lasso penalized regression. The best performing PRSs were validated in an independent test set comprising 11,428 case subjects and 18,323 control subjects from 10 prospective studies and 190,040 women from UK Biobank (3,215 incident breast cancers). For the best PRSs (313 SNPs), the odds ratio for overall disease per 1 standard deviation in ten prospective studies was 1.61 (95%CI: 1.57-1.65) with area under receiver-operator curve (AUC) = 0.630 (95%CI: 0.628-0.651). The lifetime risk of overall breast cancer in the top centile of the PRSs was 32.6%. Compared with women in the middle quintile, those in the highest 1% of risk had 4.37- and 2.78-fold risks, and those in the lowest 1% of risk had 0.16- and 0.27-fold risks, of developing ER-positive and ER-negative disease, respectively. Goodness-of-fit tests indicated that this PRS was well calibrated and predicts disease risk accurately in the tails of the distribution. This PRS is a powerful and reliable predictor of breast cancer risk that may improve breast cancer prevention programs.
Published: 2019

23. Age‐specific genome‐wide association study in glioblastoma identifies increased proportion of ‘lower grade glioma’‐like features associated with younger age

Author: Ostrom, Quinn T, Kinnersley, Ben, Armstrong, Georgina, Rice, Terri, Chen, Yanwen, Wiencke, John K, McCoy, Lucie S, Hansen, Helen M, Amos, Christopher I, Bernstein, Jonine L, Claus, Elizabeth B, Eckel‐Passow, Jeanette E, Il'yasova, Dora, Johansen, Christoffer, Lachance, Daniel H, Lai, Rose K, Merrell, Ryan T, Olson, Sara H, Sadetzki, Siegal, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Shete, Sanjay, Rubin, Joshua B, Andersson, Ulrika, Rajaraman, Preetha, Chanock, Stephen J, Linet, Martha S, Wang, Zhaoming, Yeager, Meredith, consortium, on behalf of the GliomaScan, Houlston, Richard S, Jenkins, Robert B, Wrensch, Margaret R, Melin, Beatrice, Bondy, Melissa L, and Barnholtz‐Sloan, Jill S
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Brain Cancer, Rare Diseases, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Genetics, Cancer, Human Genome, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Brain Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glioblastoma, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Grading, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Young Adult, glioma, brain tumors, age, GliomaScan consortium, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in the United States. Incidence of GBM increases with age, and younger age-at-diagnosis is significantly associated with improved prognosis. While the relationship between candidate GBM risk SNPs and age-at-diagnosis has been explored, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not previously been stratified by age. Potential age-specific genetic effects were assessed in autosomal SNPs for GBM patients using data from four previous GWAS. Using age distribution tertiles (18-53, 54-64, 65+) datasets were analyzed using age-stratified logistic regression to generate p values, odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), and then combined using meta-analysis. There were 4,512 total GBM cases, and 10,582 controls used for analysis. Significant associations were detected at two previously identified SNPs in 7p11.2 (rs723527 [p54-63 = 1.50x10-9 , OR54-63 = 1.28, 95%CI54-63 = 1.18-1.39; p64+ = 2.14x10-11 , OR64+ = 1.32, 95%CI64+ = 1.21-1.43] and rs11979158 [p54-63 = 6.13x10-8 , OR54-63 = 1.35, 95%CI54-63 = 1.21-1.50; p64+ = 2.18x10-10 , OR64+ = 1.42, 95%CI64+ = 1.27-1.58]) but only in persons >54. There was also a significant association at the previously identified lower grade glioma (LGG) risk locus at 8q24.21 (rs55705857) in persons ages 18-53 (p18-53 = 9.30 × 10-11 , OR18-53 = 1.76, 95%CI18-53 = 1.49-2.10). Within The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) there was higher prevalence of 'LGG'-like tumor characteristics in GBM samples in those 18-53, with IDH1/2 mutation frequency of 15%, as compared to 2.1% [54-63] and 0.8% [64+] (p = 0.0005). Age-specific differences in cancer susceptibility can provide important clues to etiology. The association of a SNP known to confer risk for IDH1/2 mutant glioma and higher prevalence of IDH1/2 mutation within younger individuals 18-53 suggests that more younger individuals may present initially with 'secondary glioblastoma.'
Published: 2018

24. Mendelian randomisation study of age at menarche and age at menopause and the risk of colorectal cancer

Author: Neumeyer, Sonja, Banbury, Barbara L, Arndt, Volker, Berndt, Sonja I, Bezieau, Stephane, Bien, Stephanie A, Buchanan, Dan D, Butterbach, Katja, Caan, Bette J, Campbell, Peter T, Casey, Graham, Chan, Andrew T, Chanock, Stephen J, Dai, James Y, Gallinger, Steven, Giovannucci, Edward L, Giles, Graham G, Grady, William M, Hampe, Jochen, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L, Hsu, Li, Jenkins, Mark A, Joshi, Amit, Larsson, Susanna C, Le Marchand, Loic, Lindblom, Annika, Moreno, Victor, Lemire, Mathieu, Li, Li, Lin, Yi, Offit, Kenneth, Newcomb, Polly A, Pharaoh, Paul D, Potter, John D, Qi, Lihong, Rennert, Gad, Schafmayer, Clemens, Schoen, Robert E, Slattery, Martha L, Song, Mingyang, Ulrich, Cornelia M, Win, Aung K, White, Emily, Wolk, Alicja, Woods, Michael O, Wu, Anna H, Gruber, Stephen B, Brenner, Hermann, Peters, Ulrike, and Chang-Claude, Jenny
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Estrogen, Genetics, Contraception/Reproduction, Prevention, Clinical Research, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Digestive Diseases, Cancer, Aging, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Good Health and Well Being, Age Factors, Case-Control Studies, Colorectal Neoplasms, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Logistic Models, Menarche, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Menopause, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Registries, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: BackgroundSubstantial evidence supports an association between use of menopausal hormone therapy and decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, indicating a role of exogenous sex hormones in CRC development. However, findings on endogenous oestrogen exposure and CRC are inconsistent.MethodsWe used a Mendelian randomisation approach to test for a causal effect of age at menarche and age at menopause as surrogates for endogenous oestrogen exposure on CRC risk. Weighted genetic risk scores based on 358 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with age at menarche and 51 single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with age at menopause were used to estimate the association with CRC risk using logistic regression in 12,944 women diagnosed with CRC and 10,741 women without CRC from three consortia. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to address pleiotropy and possible confounding by body mass index.ResultsGenetic risk scores for age at menarche (odds ratio per year 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.95-1.02) and age at menopause (odds ratio 0.98, 95% confidence interval: 0.94-1.01) were not significantly associated with CRC risk. The sensitivity analyses yielded similar results.ConclusionsOur study does not support a causal relationship between genetic risk scores for age at menarche and age at menopause and CRC risk.
Published: 2018

25. Sex-specific glioma genome-wide association study identifies new risk locus at 3p21.31 in females, and finds sex-differences in risk at 8q24.21.

Author: Ostrom, Quinn T, Kinnersley, Ben, Wrensch, Margaret R, Eckel-Passow, Jeanette E, Armstrong, Georgina, Rice, Terri, Chen, Yanwen, Wiencke, John K, McCoy, Lucie S, Hansen, Helen M, Amos, Christopher I, Bernstein, Jonine L, Claus, Elizabeth B, Il'yasova, Dora, Johansen, Christoffer, Lachance, Daniel H, Lai, Rose K, Merrell, Ryan T, Olson, Sara H, Sadetzki, Siegal, Schildkraut, Joellen M, Shete, Sanjay, Rubin, Joshua B, Lathia, Justin D, Berens, Michael E, Andersson, Ulrika, Rajaraman, Preetha, Chanock, Stephen J, Linet, Martha S, Wang, Zhaoming, Yeager, Meredith, GliomaScan consortium, Houlston, Richard S, Jenkins, Robert B, Melin, Beatrice, Bondy, Melissa L, and Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S
Subjects: GliomaScan consortium, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8, Humans, Glioma, Brain Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Sex Factors, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alleles, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Neurosciences, Human Genome, Genetics, Prevention, Rare Diseases, Brain Cancer, Cancer, Brain Disorders
Abstract: Incidence of glioma is approximately 50% higher in males. Previous analyses have examined exposures related to sex hormones in women as potential protective factors for these tumors, with inconsistent results. Previous glioma genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not stratified by sex. Potential sex-specific genetic effects were assessed in autosomal SNPs and sex chromosome variants for all glioma, GBM and non-GBM patients using data from four previous glioma GWAS. Datasets were analyzed using sex-stratified logistic regression models and combined using meta-analysis. There were 4,831 male cases, 5,216 male controls, 3,206 female cases and 5,470 female controls. A significant association was detected at rs11979158 (7p11.2) in males only. Association at rs55705857 (8q24.21) was stronger in females than in males. A large region on 3p21.31 was identified with significant association in females only. The identified differences in effect of risk variants do not fully explain the observed incidence difference in glioma by sex.
Published: 2018

26. Identification of ten variants associated with risk of estrogen-receptor-negative breast cancer

Author: Milne, Roger L, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Beesley, Jonathan, Kar, Siddhartha, Lindström, Sara, Hui, Shirley, Lemaçon, Audrey, Soucy, Penny, Dennis, Joe, Jiang, Xia, Rostamianfar, Asha, Finucane, Hilary, Bolla, Manjeet K, McGuffog, Lesley, Wang, Qin, Aalfs, Cora M, Adams, Marcia, Adlard, Julian, Agata, Simona, Ahmed, Shahana, Ahsan, Habibul, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Al-Ejeh, Fares, Allen, Jamie, Ambrosone, Christine B, Amos, Christopher I, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J, Auber, Bernd, Auer, Paul L, Ausems, Margreet GEM, Azzollini, Jacopo, Bacot, François, Balmaña, Judith, Barile, Monica, Barjhoux, Laure, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barrdahl, Myrto, Barnes, Daniel, Barrowdale, Daniel, Baynes, Caroline, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Bignon, Yves-Jean, Blazer, Kathleen R, Blok, Marinus J, Blomqvist, Carl, Blot, William, Bobolis, Kristie, Boeckx, Bram, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Anders, Bojesen, Stig E, Bonanni, Bernardo, Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise, Bozsik, Aniko, Bradbury, Angela R, Brand, Judith S, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Bressac-de Paillerets, Brigitte, Brewer, Carole, Brinton, Louise, Broberg, Per, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Brunet, Joan, Brüning, Thomas, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Byun, Jinyoung, Cai, Qiuyin, Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Campbell, Ian, Canzian, Federico, Caron, Olivier, Carracedo, Angel, Carter, Brian D, Castelao, J Esteban, Castera, Laurent, Caux-Moncoutier, Virginie, Chan, Salina B, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Xiaoqing, Cheng, Ting-Yuan David, Chiquette, Jocelyne, Christiansen, Hans, Claes, Kathleen BM, Clarke, Christine L, Conner, Thomas, Conroy, Don M, and Cook, Jackie
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Genetics, Cancer, Human Genome, Prevention, Breast Cancer, Aging, Estrogen, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, BRCA1 Protein, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Heterozygote, Humans, Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, Estrogen, Risk Factors, White People, ABCTB Investigators, EMBRACE, GEMO Study Collaborators, HEBON, kConFab/AOCS Investigators, NBSC Collaborators, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract: Most common breast cancer susceptibility variants have been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of predominantly estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease. We conducted a GWAS using 21,468 ER-negative cases and 100,594 controls combined with 18,908 BRCA1 mutation carriers (9,414 with breast cancer), all of European origin. We identified independent associations at P < 5 × 10-8 with ten variants at nine new loci. At P < 0.05, we replicated associations with 10 of 11 variants previously reported in ER-negative disease or BRCA1 mutation carrier GWAS and observed consistent associations with ER-negative disease for 105 susceptibility variants identified by other studies. These 125 variants explain approximately 16% of the familial risk of this breast cancer subtype. There was high genetic correlation (0.72) between risk of ER-negative breast cancer and breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers. These findings may lead to improved risk prediction and inform further fine-mapping and functional work to better understand the biological basis of ER-negative breast cancer.
Published: 2017

27. Two Novel Susceptibility Loci for Prostate Cancer in Men of African Ancestry

Author: Conti, David V, Wang, Kan, Sheng, Xin, Bensen, Jeannette T, Hazelett, Dennis J, Cook, Michael B, Ingles, Sue A, Kittles, Rick A, Strom, Sara S, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Nemesure, Barbara, Isaacs, William B, Stanford, Janet L, Zheng, Wei, Sanderson, Maureen, John, Esther M, Park, Jong Y, Xu, Jianfeng, Stevens, Victoria L, Berndt, Sonja I, Huff, Chad D, Wang, Zhaoming, Yeboah, Edward D, Tettey, Yao, Biritwum, Richard B, Adjei, Andrew A, Tay, Evelyn, Truelove, Ann, Niwa, Shelley, Sellers, Thomas A, Yamoah, Kosj, Murphy, Adam B, Crawford, Dana C, Gapstur, Susan M, Bush, William S, Aldrich, Melinda C, Cussenot, Olivier, Petrovics, Gyorgy, Cullen, Jennifer, Neslund-Dudas, Christine, Stern, Mariana C, Jarai, Zsofia-Kote, Govindasami, Koveela, Chokkalingam, Anand P, Hsing, Ann W, Goodman, Phyllis J, Hoffmann, Thomas, Drake, Bettina F, Hu, Jennifer J, Clark, Peter E, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K, Blanchet, Pascal, Fowke, Jay H, Casey, Graham, Hennis, Anselm JM, Han, Ying, Lubwama, Alexander, Thompson, Ian M, Leach, Robin, Easton, Douglas F, Schumacher, Fredrick, Van den Berg, David J, Gundell, Susan M, Stram, Alex, Wan, Peggy, Xia, Lucy, Pooler, Loreall C, Mohler, James L, Fontham, Elizabeth TH, Smith, Gary J, Taylor, Jack A, Srivastava, Shiv, Eeles, Rosalind A, Carpten, John, Kibel, Adam S, Multigner, Luc, Parent, Marie-Elise, Menegaux, Florence, Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine, Klein, Eric A, Brureau, Laurent, Stram, Daniel O, Watya, Stephen, Chanock, Stephen J, Witte, John S, Blot, William J, Henderson, Brian E, and Haiman, Christopher A
Subjects: Aging, Human Genome, Cancer, Prevention, Prostate Cancer, Biotechnology, Clinical Research, Genetics, Urologic Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Blacks, Case-Control Studies, Checkpoint Kinase 2, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22, Gene Frequency, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins, Male, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, PRACTICAL/ELLIPSE Consortium, Black People, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis
Abstract: Prostate cancer incidence is 1.6-fold higher in African Americans than in other populations. The risk factors that drive this disparity are unknown and potentially consist of social, environmental, and genetic influences. To investigate the genetic basis of prostate cancer in men of African ancestry, we performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis using two-sided statistical tests in 10 202 case subjects and 10 810 control subjects. We identified novel signals on chromosomes 13q34 and 22q12, with the risk-associated alleles found only in men of African ancestry (13q34: rs75823044, risk allele frequency = 2.2%, odds ratio [OR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37 to 1.76, P = 6.10 × 10-12; 22q12.1: rs78554043, risk allele frequency = 1.5%, OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.39 to 1.89, P = 7.50 × 10-10). At 13q34, the signal is located 5' of the gene IRS2 and 3' of a long noncoding RNA, while at 22q12 the candidate functional allele is a missense variant in the CHEK2 gene. These findings provide further support for the role of ancestry-specific germline variation in contributing to population differences in prostate cancer risk.
Published: 2017

28. Discovery and fine-mapping of adiposity loci using high density imputation of genome-wide association studies in individuals of African ancestry: African Ancestry Anthropometry Genetics Consortium.

Author: Ng, Maggie CY, Graff, Mariaelisa, Lu, Yingchang, Justice, Anne E, Mudgal, Poorva, Liu, Ching-Ti, Young, Kristin, Yanek, Lisa R, Feitosa, Mary F, Wojczynski, Mary K, Rand, Kristin, Brody, Jennifer A, Cade, Brian E, Dimitrov, Latchezar, Duan, Qing, Guo, Xiuqing, Lange, Leslie A, Nalls, Michael A, Okut, Hayrettin, Tajuddin, Salman M, Tayo, Bamidele O, Vedantam, Sailaja, Bradfield, Jonathan P, Chen, Guanjie, Chen, Wei-Min, Chesi, Alessandra, Irvin, Marguerite R, Padhukasahasram, Badri, Smith, Jennifer A, Zheng, Wei, Allison, Matthew A, Ambrosone, Christine B, Bandera, Elisa V, Bartz, Traci M, Berndt, Sonja I, Bernstein, Leslie, Blot, William J, Bottinger, Erwin P, Carpten, John, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Conti, David V, Cooper, Richard S, Fornage, Myriam, Freedman, Barry I, Garcia, Melissa, Goodman, Phyllis J, Hsu, Yu-Han H, Hu, Jennifer, Huff, Chad D, Ingles, Sue A, John, Esther M, Kittles, Rick, Klein, Eric, Li, Jin, McKnight, Barbara, Nayak, Uma, Nemesure, Barbara, Ogunniyi, Adesola, Olshan, Andrew, Press, Michael F, Rohde, Rebecca, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Salako, Babatunde, Sanderson, Maureen, Shao, Yaming, Siscovick, David S, Stanford, Janet L, Stevens, Victoria L, Stram, Alex, Strom, Sara S, Vaidya, Dhananjay, Witte, John S, Yao, Jie, Zhu, Xiaofeng, Ziegler, Regina G, Zonderman, Alan B, Adeyemo, Adebowale, Ambs, Stefan, Cushman, Mary, Faul, Jessica D, Hakonarson, Hakon, Levin, Albert M, Nathanson, Katherine L, Ware, Erin B, Weir, David R, Zhao, Wei, Zhi, Degui, Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (BMDCS) Group, Arnett, Donna K, Grant, Struan FA, Kardia, Sharon LR, Oloapde, Olufunmilayo I, Rao, DC, Rotimi, Charles N, Sale, Michele M, Williams, L Keoki, Zemel, Babette S, Becker, Diane M, and Borecki, Ingrid B
Subjects: Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study (BMDCS) Group, Humans, Obesity, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Serine Endopeptidases, Anthropometry, Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip Ratio, Chromosome Mapping, Gene Frequency, Linkage Disequilibrium, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, African Continental Ancestry Group, European Continental Ancestry Group, Female, Male, Adiposity, Genome-Wide Association Study, Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein, Genetics, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Developmental Biology
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified >300 loci associated with measures of adiposity including body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (adjusted for BMI, WHRadjBMI), but few have been identified through screening of the African ancestry genomes. We performed large scale meta-analyses and replications in up to 52,895 individuals for BMI and up to 23,095 individuals for WHRadjBMI from the African Ancestry Anthropometry Genetics Consortium (AAAGC) using 1000 Genomes phase 1 imputed GWAS to improve coverage of both common and low frequency variants in the low linkage disequilibrium African ancestry genomes. In the sex-combined analyses, we identified one novel locus (TCF7L2/HABP2) for WHRadjBMI and eight previously established loci at P < 5×10-8: seven for BMI, and one for WHRadjBMI in African ancestry individuals. An additional novel locus (SPRYD7/DLEU2) was identified for WHRadjBMI when combined with European GWAS. In the sex-stratified analyses, we identified three novel loci for BMI (INTS10/LPL and MLC1 in men, IRX4/IRX2 in women) and four for WHRadjBMI (SSX2IP, CASC8, PDE3B and ZDHHC1/HSD11B2 in women) in individuals of African ancestry or both African and European ancestry. For four of the novel variants, the minor allele frequency was low (
Published: 2017

29. Genome-wide association study of prostate-specific antigen levels identifies novel loci independent of prostate cancer.

Author: Hoffmann, Thomas J, Passarelli, Michael N, Graff, Rebecca E, Emami, Nima C, Sakoda, Lori C, Jorgenson, Eric, Habel, Laurel A, Shan, Jun, Ranatunga, Dilrini K, Quesenberry, Charles P, Chao, Chun R, Ghai, Nirupa R, Aaronson, David, Presti, Joseph, Nordström, Tobias, Wang, Zhaoming, Berndt, Sonja I, Chanock, Stephen J, Mosley, Jonathan D, Klein, Robert J, Middha, Mridu, Lilja, Hans, Melander, Olle, Kvale, Mark N, Kwok, Pui-Yan, Schaefer, Catherine, Risch, Neil, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K, and Witte, John S
Subjects: Prostate, Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Prostate-Specific Antigen, Gene Expression, Gene Frequency, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Alleles, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, African Continental Ancestry Group, Asian Continental Ancestry Group, European Continental Ancestry Group, Male, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetic Loci, Biomarkers, Tumor
Abstract: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels have been used for detection and surveillance of prostate cancer (PCa). However, factors other than PCa-such as genetics-can impact PSA. Here we present findings from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of PSA in 28,503 Kaiser Permanente whites and 17,428 men from replication cohorts. We detect 40 genome-wide significant (P
Published: 2017

30. A Meta-analysis of Multiple Myeloma Risk Regions in African and European Ancestry Populations Identifies Putatively Functional Loci

Author: Rand, Kristin A, Song, Chi, Dean, Eric, Serie, Daniel J, Curtin, Karen, Sheng, Xin, Hu, Donglei, Huff, Carol Ann, Bernal-Mizrachi, Leon, Tomasson, Michael H, Ailawadhi, Sikander, Singhal, Seema, Pawlish, Karen, Peters, Edward S, Bock, Cathryn H, Stram, Alex, Van Den Berg, David J, Edlund, Christopher K, Conti, David V, Zimmerman, Todd, Hwang, Amie E, Huntsman, Scott, Graff, John, Nooka, Ajay, Kong, Yinfei, Pregja, Silvana L, Berndt, Sonja I, Blot, William J, Carpten, John, Casey, Graham, Chu, Lisa, Diver, W Ryan, Stevens, Victoria L, Lieber, Michael R, Goodman, Phyllis J, Hennis, Anselm JM, Hsing, Ann W, Mehta, Jayesh, Kittles, Rick A, Kolb, Suzanne, Klein, Eric A, Leske, Cristina, Murphy, Adam B, Nemesure, Barbara, Neslund-Dudas, Christine, Strom, Sara S, Vij, Ravi, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Stanford, Janet L, Signorello, Lisa B, Witte, John S, Ambrosone, Christine B, Bhatti, Parveen, John, Esther M, Bernstein, Leslie, Zheng, Wei, Olshan, Andrew F, Hu, Jennifer J, Ziegler, Regina G, Nyante, Sarah J, Bandera, Elisa V, Birmann, Brenda M, Ingles, Sue A, Press, Michael F, Atanackovic, Djordje, Glenn, Martha J, Cannon-Albright, Lisa A, Jones, Brandt, Tricot, Guido, Martin, Thomas G, Kumar, Shaji K, Wolf, Jeffrey L, Deming Halverson, Sandra L, Rothman, Nathaniel, Brooks-Wilson, Angela R, Rajkumar, S Vincent, Kolonel, Laurence N, Chanock, Stephen J, Slager, Susan L, Severson, Richard K, Janakiraman, Nalini, Terebelo, Howard R, Brown, Elizabeth E, De Roos, Anneclaire J, Mohrbacher, Ann F, Colditz, Graham A, Giles, Graham G, Spinelli, John J, Chiu, Brian C, Munshi, Nikhil C, Anderson, Kenneth C, Levy, Joan, Zonder, Jeffrey A, Orlowski, Robert Z, Lonial, Sagar, Camp, Nicola J, Vachon, Celine M, Ziv, Elad, Stram, Daniel O, and Hazelett, Dennis J
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cancer, Clinical Research, Genetics, Rare Diseases, Hematology, Human Genome, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adult, Aged, Black People, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma, Polycomb Repressive Complex 1, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Repressor Proteins, Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein, White People, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract: BackgroundGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) in European populations have identified genetic risk variants associated with multiple myeloma.MethodsWe performed association testing of common variation in eight regions in 1,318 patients with multiple myeloma and 1,480 controls of European ancestry and 1,305 patients with multiple myeloma and 7,078 controls of African ancestry and conducted a meta-analysis to localize the signals, with epigenetic annotation used to predict functionality.ResultsWe found that variants in 7p15.3, 17p11.2, 22q13.1 were statistically significantly (P < 0.05) associated with multiple myeloma risk in persons of African ancestry and persons of European ancestry, and the variant in 3p22.1 was associated in European ancestry only. In a combined African ancestry-European ancestry meta-analysis, variation in five regions (2p23.3, 3p22.1, 7p15.3, 17p11.2, 22q13.1) was statistically significantly associated with multiple myeloma risk. In 3p22.1, the correlated variants clustered within the gene body of ULK4 Correlated variants in 7p15.3 clustered around an enhancer at the 3' end of the CDCA7L transcription termination site. A missense variant at 17p11.2 (rs34562254, Pro251Leu, OR, 1.32; P = 2.93 × 10-7) in TNFRSF13B encodes a lymphocyte-specific protein in the TNF receptor family that interacts with the NF-κB pathway. SNPs correlated with the index signal in 22q13.1 cluster around the promoter and enhancer regions of CBX7 CONCLUSIONS: We found that reported multiple myeloma susceptibility regions contain risk variants important across populations, supporting the use of multiple racial/ethnic groups with different underlying genetic architecture to enhance the localization and identification of putatively functional alleles.ImpactA subset of reported risk loci for multiple myeloma has consistent effects across populations and is likely to be functional. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(12); 1609-18. ©2016 AACR.
Published: 2016

31. Genome-wide association study confirms lung cancer susceptibility loci on chromosomes 5p15 and 15q25 in an African-American population

Author: Zanetti, Krista A, Wang, Zhaoming, Aldrich, Melinda, Amos, Christopher I, Blot, William J, Bowman, Elise D, Burdette, Laurie, Cai, Qiuyin, Caporaso, Neil, Chung, Charles C, Gillanders, Elizabeth M, Haiman, Christopher A, Hansen, Helen M, Henderson, Brian E, Kolonel, Laurence N, Le Marchand, Loic, Li, Shengchao, McNeill, Lorna Haughton, Ryan, Bríd M, Schwartz, Ann G, Sison, Jennette D, Spitz, Margaret R, Tucker, Margaret, Wenzlaff, Angela S, Wiencke, John K, Wilkens, Lynne, Wrensch, Margaret R, Wu, Xifeng, Zheng, Wei, Zhou, Weiyin, Christiani, David, Palmer, Julie R, Penning, Trevor M, Rieber, Alyssa G, Rosenberg, Lynn, Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A, Su, Li, Vachani, Anil, Wei, Yongyue, Whitehead, Alexander S, Chanock, Stephen J, and Harris, Curtis C
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Prevention, Lung Cancer, Genetics, Clinical Research, Lung, Human Genome, Women's Health, Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Respiratory, Black or African American, Case-Control Studies, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Lung Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Population Surveillance, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genome-wide association study, Lung neoplasms, Smoking, African Americans, Telomerase, Receptors, Cholinergic, Clinical Sciences, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Clinical sciences, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: ObjectivesGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) of lung cancer have identified regions of common genetic variation with lung cancer risk in Europeans who smoke and never-smoking Asian women. This study aimed to conduct a GWAS in African Americans, who have higher rates of lung cancer despite smoking fewer cigarettes per day when compared with Caucasians. This population provides a different genetic architecture based on underlying African ancestry allowing the identification of new regions and exploration of known regions for finer mapping.Materials and methodsWe genotyped 1,024,001 SNPs in 1737 cases and 3602 controls in stage 1, followed by a replication phase of 20 SNPs (p
Published: 2016

32. Prostate Cancer Susceptibility in Men of African Ancestry at 8q24

Author: Han, Ying, Rand, Kristin A, Hazelett, Dennis J, Ingles, Sue A, Kittles, Rick A, Strom, Sara S, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Nemesure, Barbara, Isaacs, William B, Stanford, Janet L, Zheng, Wei, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Berndt, Sonja I, Wang, Zhaoming, Xu, Jianfeng, Rohland, Nadin, Reich, David, Tandon, Arti, Pasaniuc, Bogdan, Allen, Alex, Quinque, Dominique, Mallick, Swapan, Notani, Dimple, Rosenfeld, Michael G, Jayani, Ranveer Singh, Kolb, Suzanne, Gapstur, Susan M, Stevens, Victoria L, Pettaway, Curtis A, Yeboah, Edward D, Tettey, Yao, Biritwum, Richard B, Adjei, Andrew A, Tay, Evelyn, Truelove, Ann, Niwa, Shelley, Chokkalingam, Anand P, John, Esther M, Murphy, Adam B, Signorello, Lisa B, Carpten, John, Leske, M Cristina, Wu, Suh-Yuh, Hennis, Anslem JM, Neslund-Dudas, Christine, Hsing, Ann W, Chu, Lisa, Goodman, Phyllis J, Klein, Eric A, Zheng, S Lilly, Witte, John S, Casey, Graham, Lubwama, Alex, Pooler, Loreall C, Sheng, Xin, Coetzee, Gerhard A, Cook, Michael B, Chanock, Stephen J, Stram, Daniel O, Watya, Stephen, Blot, William J, Conti, David V, Henderson, Brian E, and Haiman, Christopher A
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Clinical Research, Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Aging, Urologic Diseases, Human Genome, Prevention, Genetics, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Black or African American, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Case-Control Studies, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, RNA, Long Noncoding, United States, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: The 8q24 region harbors multiple risk variants for distinct cancers, including >8 for prostate cancer. In this study, we conducted fine mapping of the 8q24 risk region (127.8-128.8Mb) in search of novel associations with common and rare variation in 4853 prostate cancer case patients and 4678 control subjects of African ancestry. All statistical tests were two-sided. We identified three independent associations at P values of less than 5.00×10(-8), all of which were replicated in studies from Ghana and Uganda (combined sample = 5869 case patients, 5615 control subjects; rs114798100: risk allele frequency [RAF] = 0.04, per-allele odds ratio [OR] = 2.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.04 to 2.61, P = 2.38×10(-40); rs72725879: RAF = 0.33, OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.30 to 1.45, P = 3.04×10(-27); and rs111906932: RAF = 0.03, OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.53 to 2.08, P = 1.39×10(-13)). Risk variants rs114798100 and rs111906923 are only found in men of African ancestry, with rs111906923 representing a novel association signal. The three variants are located within or near a number of prostate cancer-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), including PRNCR1, PCAT1, and PCAT2. These findings highlight ancestry-specific risk variation and implicate prostate-specific lncRNAs at the 8q24 prostate cancer susceptibility region.
Published: 2016

33. Identification of four novel susceptibility loci for oestrogen receptor negative breast cancer.

Author: Couch, Fergus J, Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B, Michailidou, Kyriaki, Mendoza-Fandino, Gustavo A, Nord, Silje, Lilyquist, Janna, Olswold, Curtis, Hallberg, Emily, Agata, Simona, Ahsan, Habibul, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Ambrosone, Christine, Andrulis, Irene L, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Arun, Banu K, Arver, Brita, Barile, Monica, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Barrowdale, Daniel, Beckmann, Lars, Beckmann, Matthias W, Benitez, Javier, Blank, Stephanie V, Blomqvist, Carl, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Bonanni, Bernardo, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S, Caldes, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A, Canzian, Federico, Carpenter, Jane, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chung, Wendy K, Claes, Kathleen BM, Cox, Angela, Cross, Simon S, Cunningham, Julie M, Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B, Damiola, Francesca, Darabi, Hatef, de la Hoya, Miguel, Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan C, Dolcetti, Riccardo, Domchek, Susan M, Dorfling, Cecilia M, Dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dumont, Martine, Dunning, Alison M, Eccles, Diana M, Ehrencrona, Hans, Ekici, Arif B, Eliassen, Heather, Ellis, Steve, Fasching, Peter A, Figueroa, Jonine, Flesch-Janys, Dieter, Försti, Asta, Fostira, Florentia, Foulkes, William D, Friebel, Tara, Friedman, Eitan, Frost, Debra, Gabrielson, Marike, Gammon, Marilie D, Ganz, Patricia A, Gapstur, Susan M, Garber, Judy, Gaudet, Mia M, Gayther, Simon A, Gerdes, Anne-Marie, Ghoussaini, Maya, Giles, Graham G, Glendon, Gord, Godwin, Andrew K, Goldberg, Mark S, Goldgar, David E, González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H, Gronwald, Jacek, Guénel, Pascal, Gunter, Marc, Haeberle, Lothar, Haiman, Christopher A, Hamann, Ute, Hansen, Thomas VO, Hart, Steven, Healey, Sue, Heikkinen, Tuomas, Henderson, Brian E, and Herzog, Josef
Subjects: Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Cyclophilins, tRNA Methyltransferases, BRCA1 Protein, Receptors, Estrogen, Risk Factors, Genotype, Heterozygote, Mutation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Receptors, Estrogen, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Breast Cancer, Cancer, Prevention, Genetics, Human Genome, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors
Abstract: Common variants in 94 loci have been associated with breast cancer including 15 loci with genome-wide significant associations (P
Published: 2016

34. Integration of multiethnic fine-mapping and genomic annotation to prioritize candidate functional SNPs at prostate cancer susceptibility regions

Author: Han, Ying, Hazelett, Dennis J, Wiklund, Fredrik, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Stram, Daniel O, Berndt, Sonja I, Wang, Zhaoming, Rand, Kristin A, Hoover, Robert N, Machiela, Mitchell J, Yeager, Merideth, Burdette, Laurie, Chung, Charles C, Hutchinson, Amy, Yu, Kai, Xu, Jianfeng, Travis, Ruth C, Key, Timothy J, Siddiq, Afshan, Canzian, Federico, Takahashi, Atsushi, Kubo, Michiaki, Stanford, Janet L, Kolb, Suzanne, Gapstur, Susan M, Diver, W Ryan, Stevens, Victoria L, Strom, Sara S, Pettaway, Curtis A, Olama, Ali Amin Al, Kote-Jarai, Zsofia, Eeles, Rosalind A, Yeboah, Edward D, Tettey, Yao, Biritwum, Richard B, Adjei, Andrew A, Tay, Evelyn, Truelove, Ann, Niwa, Shelley, Chokkalingam, Anand P, Isaacs, William B, Chen, Constance, Lindstrom, Sara, Le Marchand, Loic, Giovannucci, Edward L, Pomerantz, Mark, Long, Henry, Li, Fugen, Ma, Jing, Stampfer, Meir, John, Esther M, Ingles, Sue A, Kittles, Rick A, Murphy, Adam B, Blot, William J, Signorello, Lisa B, Zheng, Wei, Albanes, Demetrius, Virtamo, Jarmo, Weinstein, Stephanie, Nemesure, Barbara, Carpten, John, Leske, M Cristina, Wu, Suh-Yuh, Hennis, Anselm JM, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Neslund-Dudas, Christine, Hsing, Ann W, Chu, Lisa, Goodman, Phyllis J, Klein, Eric A, Zheng, S Lilly, Witte, John S, Casey, Graham, Riboli, Elio, Li, Qiyuan, Freedman, Matthew L, Hunter, David J, Gronberg, Henrik, Cook, Michael B, Nakagawa, Hidewaki, Kraft, Peter, Chanock, Stephen J, Easton, Douglas F, Henderson, Brian E, Coetzee, Gerhard A, Conti, David V, and Haiman, Christopher A
Subjects: Cancer, Human Genome, Biotechnology, Genetics, Urologic Diseases, Prostate Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Asian People, Black People, Chromosome Mapping, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Male, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, Quantitative Trait Loci, White People, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract: Interpretation of biological mechanisms underlying genetic risk associations for prostate cancer is complicated by the relatively large number of risk variants (n = 100) and the thousands of surrogate SNPs in linkage disequilibrium. Here, we combined three distinct approaches: multiethnic fine-mapping, putative functional annotation (based upon epigenetic data and genome-encoded features), and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses, in an attempt to reduce this complexity. We examined 67 risk regions using genotyping and imputation-based fine-mapping in populations of European (cases/controls: 8600/6946), African (cases/controls: 5327/5136), Japanese (cases/controls: 2563/4391) and Latino (cases/controls: 1034/1046) ancestry. Markers at 55 regions passed a region-specific significance threshold (P-value cutoff range: 3.9 × 10(-4)-5.6 × 10(-3)) and in 30 regions we identified markers that were more significantly associated with risk than the previously reported variants in the multiethnic sample. Novel secondary signals (P < 5.0 × 10(-6)) were also detected in two regions (rs13062436/3q21 and rs17181170/3p12). Among 666 variants in the 55 regions with P-values within one order of magnitude of the most-associated marker, 193 variants (29%) in 48 regions overlapped with epigenetic or other putative functional marks. In 11 of the 55 regions, cis-eQTLs were detected with nearby genes. For 12 of the 55 regions (22%), the most significant region-specific, prostate-cancer associated variant represented the strongest candidate functional variant based on our annotations; the number of regions increased to 20 (36%) and 27 (49%) when examining the 2 and 3 most significantly associated variants in each region, respectively. These results have prioritized subsets of candidate variants for downstream functional evaluation.
Published: 2015

35. Identification of a common variant with potential pleiotropic effect on risk of inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer

Author: Khalili, Hamed, Gong, Jian, Brenner, Hermann, Austin, Thomas R, Hutter, Carolyn M, Baba, Yoshifumi, Baron, John A, Berndt, Sonja I, Bézieau, Stéphane, Caan, Bette, Campbell, Peter T, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Constance, Hsu, Li, Jiao, Shuo, Conti, David V, Duggan, David, Fuchs, Charles S, Gala, Manish, Gallinger, Steven, Haile, Robert W, Harrison, Tabitha A, Hayes, Richard, Hazra, Aditi, Henderson, Brian, Haiman, Chris, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L, Jenkins, Mark A, Kolonel, Laurence N, Küry, Sébastien, LaCroix, Andrea, Le Marchand, Loic, Lemire, Mathieu, Lindor, Noralane M, Ma, Jing, Manson, JoAnn E, Morikawa, Teppei, Nan, Hongmei, Ng, Kimmie, Newcomb, Polly A, Nishihara, Reiko, Potter, John D, Qu, Conghui, Schoen, Robert E, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Seminara, Daniela, Taverna, Darin, Thibodeau, Stephen, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, White, Emily, Wu, Kana, Zanke, Brent W, Casey, Graham, Hudson, Thomas J, Kraft, Peter, Peters, Ulrike, Slattery, Martha L, Ogino, Shuji, and Chan, Andrew T
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Digestive Diseases, Clinical Research, Cancer, Genetics, Human Genome, Prevention, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Autoimmune Disease, Crohn's Disease, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Colitis, Ulcerative, Colorectal Neoplasms, Crohn Disease, Gene Frequency, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Microsatellite Instability, Microsatellite Repeats, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk, White People, GECCO and CCFR, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have separately identified many genetic susceptibility loci for ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD) and colorectal cancer (CRC), there has been no large-scale examination for pleiotropy, or shared genetic susceptibility, for these conditions. We used logistic regression modeling to examine the associations of 181 UC and CD susceptibility variants previously identified by GWAS with risk of CRC using data from the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium and the Colon Cancer Family Registry. We also examined associations of significant variants with clinical and molecular characteristics in a subset of the studies. Among 11794 CRC cases and 14190 controls, rs11676348, the susceptibility single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for UC, was significantly associated with reduced risk of CRC (P = 7E-05). The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of CRC with each copy of the T allele was 0.93 (95% CI 0.89-0.96). The association of the SNP with risk of CRC differed according to mucinous histological features (P heterogeneity = 0.008). In addition, the (T) allele was associated with lower risk of tumors with Crohn's-like reaction but not tumors without such immune infiltrate (P heterogeneity = 0.02) and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-high) but not microsatellite stable or MSI-low tumors (P heterogeneity = 0.03). The minor allele (T) in SNP rs11676348, located downstream from CXCR2 that has been implicated in CRC progression, is associated with a lower risk of CRC, particularly tumors with a mucinous component, Crohn's-like reaction and MSI-high. Our findings offer the promise of risk stratification of inflammatory bowel disease patients for complications such as CRC.
Published: 2015

36. A Large Multiethnic Genome-Wide Association Study of Prostate Cancer Identifies Novel Risk Variants and Substantial Ethnic Differences

Author: Hoffmann, Thomas J, Van Den Eeden, Stephen K, Sakoda, Lori C, Jorgenson, Eric, Habel, Laurel A, Graff, Rebecca E, Passarelli, Michael N, Cario, Clinton L, Emami, Nima C, Chao, Chun R, Ghai, Nirupa R, Shan, Jun, Ranatunga, Dilrini K, Quesenberry, Charles P, Aaronson, David, Presti, Joseph, Wang, Zhaoming, Berndt, Sonja I, Chanock, Stephen J, McDonnell, Shannon K, French, Amy J, Schaid, Daniel J, Thibodeau, Stephen N, Li, Qiyuan, Freedman, Matthew L, Penney, Kathryn L, Mucci, Lorelei A, Haiman, Christopher A, Henderson, Brian E, Seminara, Daniela, Kvale, Mark N, Kwok, Pui-Yan, Schaefer, Catherine, Risch, Neil, and Witte, John S
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Genetics, Cancer, Minority Health, Urologic Diseases, Prevention, Prostate Cancer, Aging, Clinical Research, Human Genome, Health Disparities, Adult, Aged, Alleles, Biomarkers, Tumor, Case-Control Studies, Ethnicity, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genomics, Humans, INDEL Mutation, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prostatic Neoplasms, Quantitative Trait Loci, Reproducibility of Results, Risk, Biochemistry and cell biology, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: UnlabelledA genome-wide association study (GWAS) of prostate cancer in Kaiser Permanente health plan members (7,783 cases, 38,595 controls; 80.3% non-Hispanic white, 4.9% African-American, 7.0% East Asian, and 7.8% Latino) revealed a new independent risk indel rs4646284 at the previously identified locus 6q25.3 that replicated in PEGASUS (N = 7,539) and the Multiethnic Cohort (N = 4,679) with an overall P = 1.0 × 10(-19) (OR, 1.18). Across the 6q25.3 locus, rs4646284 exhibited the strongest association with expression of SLC22A1 (P = 1.3 × 10(-23)) and SLC22A3 (P = 3.2 × 10(-52)). At the known 19q13.33 locus, rs2659124 (P = 1.3 × 10(-13); OR, 1.18) nominally replicated in PEGASUS. A risk score of 105 known risk SNPs was strongly associated with prostate cancer (P < 1.0 × 10(-8)). Comparing the highest to lowest risk score deciles, the OR was 6.22 for non-Hispanic whites, 5.82 for Latinos, 3.77 for African-Americans, and 3.38 for East Asians. In non-Hispanic whites, the 105 risk SNPs explained approximately 7.6% of disease heritability. The entire GWAS array explained approximately 33.4% of heritability, with a 4.3-fold enrichment within DNaseI hypersensitivity sites (P = 0.004).SignificanceTaken together, our findings of independent risk variants, ethnic variation in existing SNP replication, and remaining unexplained heritability have important implications for further clarifying the genetic risk of prostate cancer. Our findings also suggest that there may be much promise in evaluating understudied variation, such as indels and ethnically diverse populations.
Published: 2015

37. Genome-wide association study of colorectal cancer identifies six new susceptibility loci.

Author: Schumacher, Fredrick R, Schmit, Stephanie L, Jiao, Shuo, Edlund, Christopher K, Wang, Hansong, Zhang, Ben, Hsu, Li, Huang, Shu-Chen, Fischer, Christopher P, Harju, John F, Idos, Gregory E, Lejbkowicz, Flavio, Manion, Frank J, McDonnell, Kevin, McNeil, Caroline E, Melas, Marilena, Rennert, Hedy S, Shi, Wei, Thomas, Duncan C, Van Den Berg, David J, Hutter, Carolyn M, Aragaki, Aaron K, Butterbach, Katja, Caan, Bette J, Carlson, Christopher S, Chanock, Stephen J, Curtis, Keith R, Fuchs, Charles S, Gala, Manish, Giovannucci, Edward L, Gogarten, Stephanie M, Hayes, Richard B, Henderson, Brian, Hunter, David J, Jackson, Rebecca D, Kolonel, Laurence N, Kooperberg, Charles, Küry, Sébastien, LaCroix, Andrea, Laurie, Cathy C, Laurie, Cecelia A, Lemire, Mathieu, Levine, David, Ma, Jing, Makar, Karen W, Qu, Conghui, Taverna, Darin, Ulrich, Cornelia M, Wu, Kana, Kono, Suminori, West, Dee W, Berndt, Sonja I, Bezieau, Stéphane, Brenner, Hermann, Campbell, Peter T, Chan, Andrew T, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Coetzee, Gerhard A, Conti, David V, Duggan, David, Figueiredo, Jane C, Fortini, Barbara K, Gallinger, Steven J, Gauderman, W James, Giles, Graham, Green, Roger, Haile, Robert, Harrison, Tabitha A, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L, Hudson, Thomas J, Jacobs, Eric, Iwasaki, Motoki, Jee, Sun Ha, Jenkins, Mark, Jia, Wei-Hua, Joshi, Amit, Li, Li, Lindor, Noralene M, Matsuo, Keitaro, Moreno, Victor, Mukherjee, Bhramar, Newcomb, Polly A, Potter, John D, Raskin, Leon, Rennert, Gad, Rosse, Stephanie, Severi, Gianluca, Schoen, Robert E, Seminara, Daniela, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Slattery, Martha L, Tsugane, Shoichiro, White, Emily, Xiang, Yong-Bing, Zanke, Brent W, and Zheng, Wei
Subjects: Humans, Colorectal Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Odds Ratio, Case-Control Studies, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genetics, Digestive Diseases, Prevention, Cancer, Human Genome, Colo-Rectal Cancer, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, MD Multidisciplinary
Abstract: Genetic susceptibility to colorectal cancer is caused by rare pathogenic mutations and common genetic variants that contribute to familial risk. Here we report the results of a two-stage association study with 18,299 cases of colorectal cancer and 19,656 controls, with follow-up of the most statistically significant genetic loci in 4,725 cases and 9,969 controls from two Asian consortia. We describe six new susceptibility loci reaching a genome-wide threshold of P
Published: 2015

38. Associations of prostate cancer risk variants with disease aggressiveness: results of the NCI-SPORE Genetics Working Group analysis of 18,343 cases.

Author: Helfand, Brian T, Roehl, Kimberly A, Cooper, Phillip R, McGuire, Barry B, Fitzgerald, Liesel M, Cancel-Tassin, Geraldine, Cornu, Jean-Nicolas, Bauer, Scott, Van Blarigan, Erin L, Chen, Xin, Duggan, David, Ostrander, Elaine A, Gwo-Shu, Mary, Zhang, Zuo-Feng, Chang, Shen-Chih, Jeong, Somee, Fontham, Elizabeth TH, Smith, Gary, Mohler, James L, Berndt, Sonja I, McDonnell, Shannon K, Kittles, Rick, Rybicki, Benjamin A, Freedman, Matthew, Kantoff, Philip W, Pomerantz, Mark, Breyer, Joan P, Smith, Jeffrey R, Rebbeck, Timothy R, Mercola, Dan, Isaacs, William B, Wiklund, Fredrick, Cussenot, Olivier, Thibodeau, Stephen N, Schaid, Daniel J, Cannon-Albright, Lisa, Cooney, Kathleen A, Chanock, Stephen J, Stanford, Janet L, Chan, June M, Witte, John, Xu, Jianfeng, Bensen, Jeannette T, Taylor, Jack A, and Catalona, William J
Subjects: Humans, Prostatic Neoplasms, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Risk Factors, Cohort Studies, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, United States, Male, National Cancer Institute (U.S.), Genetic Association Studies, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, and over, National Cancer Institute, Urologic Diseases, Prostate Cancer, Human Genome, Genetics, Cancer, Prevention, Aging, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Genetics & Heredity, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine
Abstract: Genetic studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the risk of prostate cancer (PC). It remains unclear whether such genetic variants are associated with disease aggressiveness. The NCI-SPORE Genetics Working Group retrospectively collected clinicopathologic information and genotype data for 36 SNPs which at the time had been validated to be associated with PC risk from 25,674 cases with PC. Cases were grouped according to race, Gleason score (Gleason ≤ 6, 7, ≥ 8) and aggressiveness (non-aggressive, intermediate, and aggressive disease). Statistical analyses were used to compare the frequency of the SNPs between different disease cohorts. After adjusting for multiple testing, only PC-risk SNP rs2735839 (G) was significantly and inversely associated with aggressive (OR = 0.77; 95 % CI 0.69-0.87) and high-grade disease (OR = 0.77; 95 % CI 0.68-0.86) in European men. Similar associations with aggressive (OR = 0.72; 95 % CI 0.58-0.89) and high-grade disease (OR = 0.69; 95 % CI 0.54-0.87) were documented in African-American subjects. The G allele of rs2735839 was associated with disease aggressiveness even at low PSA levels (
Published: 2015

39. Investigation of gene‐environment interactions between 47 newly identified breast cancer susceptibility loci and environmental risk factors

Author: Rudolph, Anja, Milne, Roger L, Truong, Thérèse, Knight, Julia A, Seibold, Petra, Flesch‐Janys, Dieter, Behrens, Sabine, Eilber, Ursula, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dennis, Joe, Dunning, Alison M, Shah, Mitul, Munday, Hannah R, Darabi, Hatef, Eriksson, Mikael, Brand, Judith S, Olson, Janet, Vachon, Celine M, Hallberg, Emily, Castelao, J Esteban, Carracedo, Angel, Torres, Maria, Li, Jingmei, Humphreys, Keith, Cordina‐Duverger, Emilie, Menegaux, Florence, Flyger, Henrik, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Nielsen, Sune F, Yesilyurt, Betul T, Floris, Giuseppe, Leunen, Karin, Engelhardt, Ellen G, Broeks, Annegien, Rutgers, Emiel J, Glendon, Gord, Mulligan, Anna Marie, Cross, Simon, Reed, Malcolm, Gonzalez‐Neira, Anna, Perez, José Ignacio Arias, Provenzano, Elena, Apicella, Carmel, Southey, Melissa C, Spurdle, Amanda, Investigators, kConFab, Group, AOCS, Häberle, Lothar, Beckmann, Matthias W, Ekici, Arif B, Dieffenbach, Aida Karina, Arndt, Volker, Stegmaier, Christa, McLean, Catriona, Baglietto, Laura, Chanock, Stephen J, Lissowska, Jolanta, Sherman, Mark E, Brüning, Thomas, Hamann, Ute, Ko, Yon‐Dschun, Orr, Nick, Schoemaker, Minouk, Ashworth, Alan, Kosma, Veli‐Matti, Kataja, Vesa, Hartikainen, Jaana M, Mannermaa, Arto, Swerdlow, Anthony, GENICA‐Network, Giles, Graham G, Brenner, Hermann, Fasching, Peter A, Chenevix‐Trench, Georgia, Hopper, John, Benítez, Javier, Cox, Angela, Andrulis, Irene L, Lambrechts, Diether, Gago‐Dominguez, Manuela, Couch, Fergus, Czene, Kamila, Bojesen, Stig E, Easton, Doug F, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Guénel, Pascal, Hall, Per, Pharoah, Paul DP, Garcia‐Closas, Montserrat, and Chang‐Claude, Jenny
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Aging, Prevention, Genetics, Clinical Research, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptors, Estrogen, Risk Factors, gene-environment interaction, breast cancer, risk factor, genetic susceptibility, kConFab Investigators, AOCS Group, GENICA-Network, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: A large genotyping project within the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC) recently identified 41 associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and overall breast cancer (BC) risk. We investigated whether the effects of these 41 SNPs, as well as six SNPs associated with estrogen receptor (ER) negative BC risk are modified by 13 environmental risk factors for BC. Data from 22 studies participating in BCAC were pooled, comprising up to 26,633 cases and 30,119 controls. Interactions between SNPs and environmental factors were evaluated using an empirical Bayes-type shrinkage estimator. Six SNPs showed interactions with associated p-values (pint )
Published: 2015

40. Associations of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) Risk With Autoimmune Conditions According to Putative NHL Loci

Author: Wang, Sophia S, Vajdic, Claire M, Linet, Martha S, Slager, Susan L, Voutsinas, Jenna, Nieters, Alexandra, de Sanjose, Silvia, Cozen, Wendy, Alarcón, Graciela S, Martinez-Maza, Otoniel, Brown, Elizabeth E, Bracci, Paige M, Lightfoot, Tracy, Turner, Jennifer, Hjalgrim, Henrik, Spinelli, John J, Zheng, Tongzhang, Morton, Lindsay M, Birmann, Brenda M, Flowers, Christopher R, Paltiel, Ora, Becker, Nikolaus, Holly, Elizabeth A, Kane, Eleanor, Weisenburger, Dennis, Maynadie, Marc, Cocco, Pierluigi, Foretova, Lenka, Staines, Anthony, Davis, Scott, Severson, Richard, Cerhan, James R, Breen, Elizabeth C, Lan, Qing, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, De Roos, Anneclaire J, Smith, Martyn T, Roman, Eve, Boffetta, Paolo, Kricker, Anne, Zhang, Yawei, Skibola, Christine, Chanock, Stephen J, Rothman, Nathaniel, Benavente, Yolanda, Hartge, Patricia, and Smedby, Karin E
Subjects: Cancer, HIV/AIDS, Autoimmune Disease, Genetics, Lymphoma, Rare Diseases, Hematology, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Inflammatory and immune system, Autoimmune Diseases, Case-Control Studies, HLA Antigens, Humans, Interleukin-10, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, autoimmune conditions, environment, genetics, interaction, human leukocyte antigen, lymphoma, non-Hodgkin, tumor necrosis factor, lymphoma, non-Hodgkin, Mathematical Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology
Abstract: Autoimmune conditions and immune system-related genetic variations are associated with risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In a pooled analysis of 8,692 NHL cases and 9,260 controls from 14 studies (1988-2007) within the International Lymphoma Epidemiology Consortium, we evaluated the interaction between immune system genetic variants and autoimmune conditions in NHL risk. We evaluated the immunity-related single nucleotide polymorphisms rs1800629 (tumor necrosis factor gene (TNF) G308A), rs1800890 (interleukin-10 gene (IL10) T3575A), rs6457327 (human leukocyte antigen gene (HLA) class I), rs10484561 (HLA class II), and rs2647012 (HLA class II)) and categorized autoimmune conditions as primarily mediated by B-cell or T-cell responses. We constructed unconditional logistic regression models to measure associations between autoimmune conditions and NHL with stratification by genotype. Autoimmune conditions mediated by B-cell responses were associated with increased NHL risk, specifically diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (odds ratio (OR) = 3.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.25, 4.30) and marginal zone lymphoma (OR = 5.80, 95% CI: 3.82, 8.80); those mediated by T-cell responses were associated with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.35, 3.38). In the presence of the rs1800629 AG/AA genotype, B-cell-mediated autoimmune conditions increased NHL risk (OR = 3.27, 95% CI: 2.07, 5.16; P-interaction = 0.03) in comparison with the GG genotype (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.31, 2.53). This interaction was consistent across major B-cell NHL subtypes, including marginal zone lymphoma (P-interaction = 0.02) and follicular lymphoma (P-interaction = 0.04).
Published: 2015

41. A genome-wide association study of marginal zone lymphoma shows association to the HLA region.

Author: Vijai, Joseph, Wang, Zhaoming, Berndt, Sonja I, Skibola, Christine F, Slager, Susan L, de Sanjose, Silvia, Melbye, Mads, Glimelius, Bengt, Bracci, Paige M, Conde, Lucia, Birmann, Brenda M, Wang, Sophia S, Brooks-Wilson, Angela R, Lan, Qing, de Bakker, Paul IW, Vermeulen, Roel CH, Portlock, Carol, Ansell, Stephen M, Link, Brian K, Riby, Jacques, North, Kari E, Gu, Jian, Hjalgrim, Henrik, Cozen, Wendy, Becker, Nikolaus, Teras, Lauren R, Spinelli, John J, Turner, Jenny, Zhang, Yawei, Purdue, Mark P, Giles, Graham G, Kelly, Rachel S, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, Ennas, Maria Grazia, Monnereau, Alain, Bertrand, Kimberly A, Albanes, Demetrius, Lightfoot, Tracy, Yeager, Meredith, Chung, Charles C, Burdett, Laurie, Hutchinson, Amy, Lawrence, Charles, Montalvan, Rebecca, Liang, Liming, Huang, Jinyan, Ma, Baoshan, Villano, Danylo J, Maria, Ann, Corines, Marina, Thomas, Tinu, Novak, Anne J, Dogan, Ahmet, Liebow, Mark, Thompson, Carrie A, Witzig, Thomas E, Habermann, Thomas M, Weiner, George J, Smith, Martyn T, Holly, Elizabeth A, Jackson, Rebecca D, Tinker, Lesley F, Ye, Yuanqing, Adami, Hans-Olov, Smedby, Karin E, De Roos, Anneclaire J, Hartge, Patricia, Morton, Lindsay M, Severson, Richard K, Benavente, Yolanda, Boffetta, Paolo, Brennan, Paul, Foretova, Lenka, Maynadie, Marc, McKay, James, Staines, Anthony, Diver, W Ryan, Vajdic, Claire M, Armstrong, Bruce K, Kricker, Anne, Zheng, Tongzhang, Holford, Theodore R, Severi, Gianluca, Vineis, Paolo, Ferri, Giovanni M, Ricco, Rosalia, Miligi, Lucia, Clavel, Jacqueline, Giovannucci, Edward, Kraft, Peter, Virtamo, Jarmo, Smith, Alex, Kane, Eleanor, Roman, Eve, Chiu, Brian CH, Fraumeni, Joseph F, Wu, Xifeng, Cerhan, James R, Offit, Kenneth, and Chanock, Stephen J
Subjects: Humans, Membrane Glycoproteins, Computational Biology, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Genotype, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, European Continental Ancestry Group, Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone, Genome-Wide Association Study, Butyrophilins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone
Abstract: Marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is the third most common subtype of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Here we perform a two-stage GWAS of 1,281 MZL cases and 7,127 controls of European ancestry and identify two independent loci near BTNL2 (rs9461741, P=3.95 × 10(-15)) and HLA-B (rs2922994, P=2.43 × 10(-9)) in the HLA region significantly associated with MZL risk. This is the first evidence that genetic variation in the major histocompatibility complex influences MZL susceptibility.
Published: 2015

42. Identification of New Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Breast Cancer Through Consideration of Gene‐Environment Interactions

Author: Schoeps, Anja, Rudolph, Anja, Seibold, Petra, Dunning, Alison M, Milne, Roger L, Bojesen, Stig E, Swerdlow, Anthony, Andrulis, Irene, Brenner, Hermann, Behrens, Sabine, Orr, Nicholas, Jones, Michael, Ashworth, Alan, Li, Jingmei, Cramp, Helen, Connley, Dan, Czene, Kamila, Darabi, Hatef, Chanock, Stephen J, Lissowska, Jolanta, Figueroa, Jonine D, Knight, Julia, Glendon, Gord, Mulligan, Anna M, Dumont, Martine, Severi, Gianluca, Baglietto, Laura, Olson, Janet, Vachon, Celine, Purrington, Kristen, Moisse, Matthieu, Neven, Patrick, Wildiers, Hans, Spurdle, Amanda, Kosma, Veli‐Matti, Kataja, Vesa, Hartikainen, Jaana M, Hamann, Ute, Ko, Yon‐Dschun, Dieffenbach, Aida K, Arndt, Volker, Stegmaier, Christa, Malats, Núria, Perez, José I Arias, Benítez, Javier, Flyger, Henrik, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Truong, Thérèse, Cordina‐Duverger, Emilie, Menegaux, Florence, dos Santos Silva, Isabel, Fletcher, Olivia, Johnson, Nichola, Häberle, Lothar, Beckmann, Matthias W, Ekici, Arif B, Braaf, Linde, Atsma, Femke, Broek, Alexandra J den, Makalic, Enes, Schmidt, Daniel F, Southey, Melissa C, Cox, Angela, Simard, Jacques, Giles, Graham G, Lambrechts, Diether, Mannermaa, Arto, Brauch, Hiltrud, Guénel, Pascal, Peto, Julian, Fasching, Peter A, Hopper, John, Flesch‐Janys, Dieter, Couch, Fergus, Chenevix‐Trench, Georgia, Pharoah, Paul DP, Garcia‐Closas, Montserrat, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Hall, Per, Easton, Douglas F, and Chang‐Claude, Jenny
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Genetics, Epidemiology, Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Genetic Testing, Human Genome, Prevention, Breast Cancer, Aging, Clinical Research, Cancer, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adolescent, Body Height, Body Mass Index, Breast Neoplasms, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Menarche, Middle Aged, Parity, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Postmenopause, White People, breast cancer risk, gene-environment interaction, polymorphisms, body mass index, case-control study, Public Health and Health Services
Abstract: Genes that alter disease risk only in combination with certain environmental exposures may not be detected in genetic association analysis. By using methods accounting for gene-environment (G × E) interaction, we aimed to identify novel genetic loci associated with breast cancer risk. Up to 34,475 cases and 34,786 controls of European ancestry from up to 23 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium were included. Overall, 71,527 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), enriched for association with breast cancer, were tested for interaction with 10 environmental risk factors using three recently proposed hybrid methods and a joint test of association and interaction. Analyses were adjusted for age, study, population stratification, and confounding factors as applicable. Three SNPs in two independent loci showed statistically significant association: SNPs rs10483028 and rs2242714 in perfect linkage disequilibrium on chromosome 21 and rs12197388 in ARID1B on chromosome 6. While rs12197388 was identified using the joint test with parity and with age at menarche (P-values = 3 × 10(-07)), the variants on chromosome 21 q22.12, which showed interaction with adult body mass index (BMI) in 8,891 postmenopausal women, were identified by all methods applied. SNP rs10483028 was associated with breast cancer in women with a BMI below 25 kg/m(2) (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.15-1.38) but not in women with a BMI of 30 kg/m(2) or higher (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.72-1.11, P for interaction = 3.2 × 10(-05)). Our findings confirm comparable power of the recent methods for detecting G × E interaction and the utility of using G × E interaction analyses to identify new susceptibility loci.
Published: 2014

43. Genome-wide association study of age at menarche in African-American women

Author: Demerath, Ellen W, Liu, Ching-Ti, Franceschini, Nora, Chen, Gary, Palmer, Julie R, Smith, Erin N, Chen, Christina TL, Ambrosone, Christine B, Arnold, Alice M, Bandera, Elisa V, Berenson, Gerald S, Bernstein, Leslie, Britton, Angela, Cappola, Anne R, Carlson, Christopher S, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Wei, Chen, Zhao, Deming, Sandra L, Elks, Cathy E, Evans, Michelle K, Gajdos, Zofia, Henderson, Brian E, Hu, Jennifer J, Ingles, Sue, John, Esther M, Kerr, Kathleen F, Kolonel, Laurence N, Le Marchand, Loic, Lu, Xiaoning, Millikan, Robert C, Musani, Solomon K, Nock, Nora L, North, Kari, Nyante, Sarah, Press, Michael F, Rodriquez-Gil, Jorge L, Ruiz-Narvaez, Edward A, Schork, Nicholas J, Srinivasan, Sathanur R, Woods, Nancy F, Zheng, Wei, Ziegler, Regina G, Zonderman, Alan, Heiss, Gerardo, Windham, B Gwen, Wellons, Melissa, Murray, Sarah S, Nalls, Michael, Pastinen, Tomi, Rajkovic, Aleksandar, Hirschhorn, Joel, Cupples, L Adrienne, Kooperberg, Charles, Murabito, Joanne M, and Haiman, Christopher A
Subjects: Genetics, Aging, Prevention, Contraception/Reproduction, Human Genome, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adolescent, Black or African American, Case-Control Studies, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Linear Models, Membrane Glycoproteins, Membrane Proteins, Menarche, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1, Obesity, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, White People, Young Adult, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract: African-American (AA) women have earlier menarche on average than women of European ancestry (EA), and earlier menarche is a risk factor for obesity and type 2 diabetes among other chronic diseases. Identification of common genetic variants associated with age at menarche has a potential value in pointing to the genetic pathways underlying chronic disease risk, yet comprehensive genome-wide studies of age at menarche are lacking for AA women. In this study, we tested the genome-wide association of self-reported age at menarche with common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a total of 18 089 AA women in 15 studies using an additive genetic linear regression model, adjusting for year of birth and population stratification, followed by inverse-variance weighted meta-analysis (Stage 1). Top meta-analysis results were then tested in an independent sample of 2850 women (Stage 2). First, while no SNP passed the pre-specified P < 5 × 10(-8) threshold for significance in Stage 1, suggestive associations were found for variants near FLRT2 and PIK3R1, and conditional analysis identified two independent SNPs (rs339978 and rs980000) in or near RORA, strengthening the support for this suggestive locus identified in EA women. Secondly, an investigation of SNPs in 42 previously identified menarche loci in EA women demonstrated that 25 (60%) of them contained variants significantly associated with menarche in AA women. The findings provide the first evidence of cross-ethnic generalization of menarche loci identified to date, and suggest a number of novel biological links to menarche timing in AA women.
Published: 2013

44. A genome-wide association study of early menopause and the combined impact of identified variants

Author: Perry, John RB, Corre, Tanguy, Esko, Tõnu, Chasman, Daniel I, Fischer, Krista, Franceschini, Nora, He, Chunyan, Kutalik, Zoltan, Mangino, Massimo, Rose, Lynda M, Smith, Albert Vernon, Stolk, Lisette, Sulem, Patrick, Weedon, Michael N, Zhuang, Wei V, Arnold, Alice, Ashworth, Alan, Bergmann, Sven, Buring, Julie E, Burri, Andrea, Chen, Constance, Cornelis, Marilyn C, Couper, David J, Goodarzi, Mark O, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Harris, Tamara, Hofman, Albert, Jones, Michael, Kraft, Peter, Launer, Lenore, Laven, Joop SE, Li, Guo, McKnight, Barbara, Masciullo, Corrado, Milani, Lili, Orr, Nicholas, Psaty, Bruce M, Ridker, Paul M, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Sala, Cinzia, Salumets, Andres, Schoemaker, Minouk, Traglia, Michela, Waeber, Gérard, Chanock, Stephen J, Demerath, Ellen W, Garcia, Melissa, Hankinson, Susan E, Hu, Frank B, Hunter, David J, Lunetta, Kathryn L, Metspalu, Andres, Montgomery, Grant W, Murabito, Joanne M, Newman, Anne B, Ong, Ken K, Spector, Tim D, Stefansson, Kari, Swerdlow, Anthony J, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Van Dam, Rob M, Uitterlinden, André G, Visser, Jenny A, Vollenweider, Peter, Toniolo, Daniela, and Murray, Anna
Subjects: Biotechnology, Contraception/Reproduction, Infertility, Genetics, Human Genome, Aging, Estrogen, Prevention, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Reproductive health and childbirth, Good Health and Well Being, Case-Control Studies, Female, Gene Frequency, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Menopause, Premature, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, Quantitative Trait Loci, Risk, ReproGen Consortium, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract: Early menopause (EM) affects up to 10% of the female population, reducing reproductive lifespan considerably. Currently, it constitutes the leading cause of infertility in the western world, affecting mainly those women who postpone their first pregnancy beyond the age of 30 years. The genetic aetiology of EM is largely unknown in the majority of cases. We have undertaken a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in 3493 EM cases and 13 598 controls from 10 independent studies. No novel genetic variants were discovered, but the 17 variants previously associated with normal age at natural menopause as a quantitative trait (QT) were also associated with EM and primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). Thus, EM has a genetic aetiology which overlaps variation in normal age at menopause and is at least partly explained by the additive effects of the same polygenic variants. The combined effect of the common variants captured by the single nucleotide polymorphism arrays was estimated to account for ∼30% of the variance in EM. The association between the combined 17 variants and the risk of EM was greater than the best validated non-genetic risk factor, smoking.
Published: 2013

45. Large-scale genotyping identifies 41 new loci associated with breast cancer risk

Author: Michailidou, Kyriaki, Hall, Per, Gonzalez-Neira, Anna, Ghoussaini, Maya, Dennis, Joe, Milne, Roger L, Schmidt, Marjanka K, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Bojesen, Stig E, Bolla, Manjeet K, Wang, Qin, Dicks, Ed, Lee, Andrew, Turnbull, Clare, Rahman, Nazneen, Fletcher, Olivia, Peto, Julian, Gibson, Lorna, dos Santos Silva, Isabel, Nevanlinna, Heli, Muranen, Taru A, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Blomqvist, Carl, Czene, Kamila, Irwanto, Astrid, Liu, Jianjun, Waisfisz, Quinten, Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne, Adank, Muriel, van der Luijt, Rob B, Hein, Rebecca, Dahmen, Norbert, Beckman, Lars, Meindl, Alfons, Schmutzler, Rita K, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, Lichtner, Peter, Hopper, John L, Southey, Melissa C, Makalic, Enes, Schmidt, Daniel F, Uitterlinden, Andre G, Hofman, Albert, Hunter, David J, Chanock, Stephen J, Vincent, Daniel, Bacot, François, Tessier, Daniel C, Canisius, Sander, Wessels, Lodewyk FA, Haiman, Christopher A, Shah, Mitul, Luben, Robert, Brown, Judith, Luccarini, Craig, Schoof, Nils, Humphreys, Keith, Li, Jingmei, Nordestgaard, Børge G, Nielsen, Sune F, Flyger, Henrik, Couch, Fergus J, Wang, Xianshu, Vachon, Celine, Stevens, Kristen N, Lambrechts, Diether, Moisse, Matthieu, Paridaens, Robert, Christiaens, Marie-Rose, Rudolph, Anja, Nickels, Stefan, Flesch-Janys, Dieter, Johnson, Nichola, Aitken, Zoe, Aaltonen, Kirsimari, Heikkinen, Tuomas, Broeks, Annegien, Veer, Laura J Van't, van der Schoot, C Ellen, Guénel, Pascal, Truong, Thérèse, Laurent-Puig, Pierre, Menegaux, Florence, Marme, Frederik, Schneeweiss, Andreas, Sohn, Christof, Burwinkel, Barbara, Zamora, M Pilar, Perez, Jose Ignacio Arias, Pita, Guillermo, Alonso, M Rosario, Cox, Angela, Brock, Ian W, Cross, Simon S, Reed, Malcolm WR, Sawyer, Elinor J, Tomlinson, Ian, Kerin, Michael J, Miller, Nicola, and Henderson, Brian E
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Genetics, Human Genome, Prevention, Breast Cancer, Cancer, Breast Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Cooperative Behavior, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Genotype, Humans, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Breast and Ovarian Cancer Susceptibility Collaboration, Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Research Group Netherlands, kConFab Investigators, Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group, GENICA (Gene Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer in Germany) Network, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Common variants at 27 loci have been identified as associated with susceptibility to breast cancer, and these account for ∼9% of the familial risk of the disease. We report here a meta-analysis of 9 genome-wide association studies, including 10,052 breast cancer cases and 12,575 controls of European ancestry, from which we selected 29,807 SNPs for further genotyping. These SNPs were genotyped in 45,290 cases and 41,880 controls of European ancestry from 41 studies in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). The SNPs were genotyped as part of a collaborative genotyping experiment involving four consortia (Collaborative Oncological Gene-environment Study, COGS) and used a custom Illumina iSelect genotyping array, iCOGS, comprising more than 200,000 SNPs. We identified SNPs at 41 new breast cancer susceptibility loci at genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Further analyses suggest that more than 1,000 additional loci are involved in breast cancer susceptibility.
Published: 2013

46. Identification of Genetic Susceptibility Loci for Colorectal Tumors in a Genome-Wide Meta-analysis

Author: Peters, Ulrike, Jiao, Shuo, Schumacher, Fredrick R, Hutter, Carolyn M, Aragaki, Aaron K, Baron, John A, Berndt, Sonja I, Bézieau, Stéphane, Brenner, Hermann, Butterbach, Katja, Caan, Bette J, Campbell, Peter T, Carlson, Christopher S, Casey, Graham, Chan, Andrew T, Chang–Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J, Chen, Lin S, Coetzee, Gerhard A, Coetzee, Simon G, Conti, David V, Curtis, Keith R, Duggan, David, Edwards, Todd, Fuchs, Charles S, Gallinger, Steven, Giovannucci, Edward L, Gogarten, Stephanie M, Gruber, Stephen B, Haile, Robert W, Harrison, Tabitha A, Hayes, Richard B, Henderson, Brian E, Hoffmeister, Michael, Hopper, John L, Hudson, Thomas J, Hunter, David J, Jackson, Rebecca D, Jee, Sun Ha, Jenkins, Mark A, Jia, Wei–Hua, Kolonel, Laurence N, Kooperberg, Charles, Küry, Sébastien, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Laurie, Cathy C, Laurie, Cecelia A, Le Marchand, Loic, Lemire, Mathieu, Levine, David, Lindor, Noralane M, Liu, Yan, Ma, Jing, Makar, Karen W, Matsuo, Keitaro, Newcomb, Polly A, Potter, John D, Prentice, Ross L, Qu, Conghui, Rohan, Thomas, Rosse, Stephanie A, Schoen, Robert E, Seminara, Daniela, Shrubsole, Martha, Shu, Xiao–Ou, Slattery, Martha L, Taverna, Darin, Thibodeau, Stephen N, Ulrich, Cornelia M, White, Emily, Xiang, Yongbing, Zanke, Brent W, Zeng, Yi–Xin, Zhang, Ben, Zheng, Wei, Hsu, Li, and Registry, Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium Colon Cancer Family
Subjects: Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, Digestive Diseases, Prevention, Genetics, Cancer, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Human Genome, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Age Distribution, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Colorectal Neoplasms, Cyclin D2, DNA-Binding Proteins, Female, Genetic Loci, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Incidence, Laminin, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Prognosis, Risk Assessment, Sex Distribution, T-Box Domain Proteins, Colon Cancer Family Registry and the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium, Neurosciences, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Clinical sciences, Nutrition and dietetics
Abstract: Background & aimsHeritable factors contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. Identifying the genetic loci associated with colorectal tumor formation could elucidate the mechanisms of pathogenesis.MethodsWe conducted a genome-wide association study that included 14 studies, 12,696 cases of colorectal tumors (11,870 cancer, 826 adenoma), and 15,113 controls of European descent. The 10 most statistically significant, previously unreported findings were followed up in 6 studies; these included 3056 colorectal tumor cases (2098 cancer, 958 adenoma) and 6658 controls of European and Asian descent.ResultsBased on the combined analysis, we identified a locus that reached the conventional genome-wide significance level at less than 5.0 × 10(-8): an intergenic region on chromosome 2q32.3, close to nucleic acid binding protein 1 (most significant single nucleotide polymorphism: rs11903757; odds ratio [OR], 1.15 per risk allele; P = 3.7 × 10(-8)). We also found evidence for 3 additional loci with P values less than 5.0 × 10(-7): a locus within the laminin gamma 1 gene on chromosome 1q25.3 (rs10911251; OR, 1.10 per risk allele; P = 9.5 × 10(-8)), a locus within the cyclin D2 gene on chromosome 12p13.32 (rs3217810 per risk allele; OR, 0.84; P = 5.9 × 10(-8)), and a locus in the T-box 3 gene on chromosome 12q24.21 (rs59336; OR, 0.91 per risk allele; P = 3.7 × 10(-7)).ConclusionsIn a large genome-wide association study, we associated polymorphisms close to nucleic acid binding protein 1 (which encodes a DNA-binding protein involved in DNA repair) with colorectal tumor risk. We also provided evidence for an association between colorectal tumor risk and polymorphisms in laminin gamma 1 (this is the second gene in the laminin family to be associated with colorectal cancers), cyclin D2 (which encodes for cyclin D2), and T-box 3 (which encodes a T-box transcription factor and is a target of Wnt signaling to β-catenin). The roles of these genes and their products in cancer pathogenesis warrant further investigation.
Published: 2013

47. Polymorphisms in genes related to one-carbon metabolism are not related to pancreatic cancer in PanScan and PanC4

Author: Leenders, Max, Bhattacharjee, Samsiddhi, Vineis, Paolo, Stevens, Victoria, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Amundadottir, Laufey, Gross, Myron, Tobias, Geoffrey S, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Arslan, Alan A, Duell, Eric J, Fuchs, Charles S, Gallinger, Steven, Hartge, Patricia, Hoover, Robert N, Holly, Elizabeth A, Jacobs, Eric J, Klein, Alison P, Kooperberg, Charles, LaCroix, Andrea, Li, Donghui, Mandelson, Margaret T, Olson, Sara H, Petersen, Gloria, Risch, Harvey A, Yu, Kai, Wolpin, Brian M, Zheng, Wei, Agalliu, Ilir, Albanes, Demetrius, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Bracci, Paige M, Buring, Julie E, Canzian, Federico, Chang, Kenneth, Chanock, Stephen J, Cotterchio, Michelle, Gaziano, J Michael, Giovanucci, Edward L, Goggins, Michael, Hallmans, Göran, Hankinson, Susan E, Hoffman-Bolton, Judith A, Hunter, David J, Hutchinson, Amy, Jacobs, Kevin B, Jenab, Mazda, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kraft, Peter, Krogh, Vittorio, Kurtz, Robert C, McWilliams, Robert R, Mendelsohn, Julie B, Patel, Alpa V, Rabe, Kari G, Riboli, Elio, Tjønneland, Anne, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Virtamo, Jarmo, Visvanathan, Kala, Elena, Joanne W, Yu, Herbert, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, and Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z
Subjects: Epidemiology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Digestive Diseases, Genetics, Pancreatic Cancer, Prevention, Rare Diseases, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Carbon, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Germ-Line Mutation, Humans, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, United States, Pancreatic cancer, One-carbon metabolism, Polymorphisms, Biomarkers, Public Health and Health Services, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: PurposeThe evidence of a relation between folate intake and one-carbon metabolism (OCM) with pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is inconsistent. In this study, the association between genes and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to OCM and PanCa was assessed.MethodsUsing biochemical knowledge of the OCM pathway, we identified thirty-seven genes and 834 SNPs to examine in association with PanCa. Our study included 1,408 cases and 1,463 controls nested within twelve cohorts (PanScan). The ten SNPs and five genes with lowest p values (
Published: 2013

48. Genome-wide association study of glioma and meta-analysis

Author: Rajaraman, Preetha, Melin, Beatrice S, Wang, Zhaoming, McKean-Cowdin, Roberta, Michaud, Dominique S, Wang, Sophia S, Bondy, Melissa, Houlston, Richard, Jenkins, Robert B, Wrensch, Margaret, Yeager, Meredith, Ahlbom, Anders, Albanes, Demetrius, Andersson, Ulrika, Freeman, Laura E Beane, Buring, Julie E, Butler, Mary Ann, Braganza, Melissa, Carreon, Tania, Feychting, Maria, Fleming, Sarah J, Gapstur, Susan M, Gaziano, J Michael, Giles, Graham G, Hallmans, Goran, Henriksson, Roger, Hoffman-Bolton, Judith, Inskip, Peter D, Johansen, Christoffer, Kitahara, Cari M, Lathrop, Mark, Liu, Chenwei, Le Marchand, Loic, Linet, Martha S, Lonn, Stefan, Peters, Ulrike, Purdue, Mark P, Rothman, Nathaniel, Ruder, Avima M, Sanson, Marc, Sesso, Howard D, Severi, Gianluca, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Simon, Matthias, Stampfer, Meir, Stevens, Victoria L, Visvanathan, Kala, White, Emily, Wolk, Alicja, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, Zheng, Wei, Decker, Paul, Enciso-Mora, Victor, Fridley, Brooke, Gao, Yu-Tang, Kosel, Matthew, Lachance, Daniel H, Lau, Ching, Rice, Terri, Swerdlow, Anthony, Wiemels, Joseph L, Wiencke, John K, Shete, Sanjay, Xiang, Yong-Bing, Xiao, Yuanyuan, Hoover, Robert N, Fraumeni, Joseph F, Chatterjee, Nilanjan, Hartge, Patricia, and Chanock, Stephen J
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Prevention, Brain Cancer, Neurosciences, Cancer, Human Genome, Rare Diseases, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aged, Brain Neoplasms, Case-Control Studies, Cohort Studies, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15, DNA Helicases, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Glioblastoma, Glioma, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Telomerase, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Heredity, Reproductive medicine
Abstract: Gliomas account for approximately 80 % of all primary malignant brain tumors and, despite improvements in clinical care over the last 20 years, remain among the most lethal tumors, underscoring the need for gaining new insights that could translate into clinical advances. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified seven new susceptibility regions. We conducted a new independent GWAS of glioma using 1,856 cases and 4,955 controls (from 14 cohort studies, 3 case-control studies, and 1 population-based case-only study) and found evidence of strong replication for three of the seven previously reported associations at 20q13.33 (RTEL), 5p15.33 (TERT), and 9p21.3 (CDKN2BAS), and consistent association signals for the remaining four at 7p11.2 (EGFR both loci), 8q24.21 (CCDC26) and 11q23.3 (PHLDB1). The direction and magnitude of the signal were consistent for samples from cohort and case-control studies, but the strength of the association was more pronounced for loci rs6010620 (20q,13.33; RTEL) and rs2736100 (5p15.33, TERT) in cohort studies despite the smaller number of cases in this group, likely due to relatively more higher grade tumors being captured in the cohort studies. We further examined the 85 most promising single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers identified in our study in three replication sets (5,015 cases and 11,601 controls), but no new markers reached genome-wide significance. Our findings suggest that larger studies focusing on novel approaches as well as specific tumor subtypes or subgroups will be required to identify additional common susceptibility loci for glioma risk.
Published: 2012

49. Pathway analysis of genome-wide association study data highlights pancreatic development genes as susceptibility factors for pancreatic cancer.

Author: Li, Donghui, Duell, Eric J, Yu, Kai, Risch, Harvey A, Olson, Sara H, Kooperberg, Charles, Wolpin, Brian M, Jiao, Li, Dong, Xiaoqun, Wheeler, Bill, Arslan, Alan A, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Fuchs, Charles S, Gallinger, Steven, Gross, Myron, Hartge, Patricia, Hoover, Robert N, Holly, Elizabeth A, Jacobs, Eric J, Klein, Alison P, LaCroix, Andrea, Mandelson, Margaret T, Petersen, Gloria, Zheng, Wei, Agalliu, Ilir, Albanes, Demetrius, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Bracci, Paige M, Buring, Julie E, Canzian, Federico, Chang, Kenneth, Chanock, Stephen J, Cotterchio, Michelle, Gaziano, J Michael, Giovannucci, Edward L, Goggins, Michael, Hallmans, Göran, Hankinson, Susan E, Hoffman Bolton, Judith A, Hunter, David J, Hutchinson, Amy, Jacobs, Kevin B, Jenab, Mazda, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Kraft, Peter, Krogh, Vittorio, Kurtz, Robert C, McWilliams, Robert R, Mendelsohn, Julie B, Patel, Alpa V, Rabe, Kari G, Riboli, Elio, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Tjønneland, Anne, Tobias, Geoffrey S, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Virtamo, Jarmo, Visvanathan, Kala, Watters, Joanne, Yu, Herbert, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, Amundadottir, Laufey, and Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael Z
Subjects: Humans, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Case-Control Studies, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and Carcinogenesis
Abstract: Four loci have been associated with pancreatic cancer through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Pathway-based analysis of GWAS data is a complementary approach to identify groups of genes or biological pathways enriched with disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) whose individual effect sizes may be too small to be detected by standard single-locus methods. We used the adaptive rank truncated product method in a pathway-based analysis of GWAS data from 3851 pancreatic cancer cases and 3934 control participants pooled from 12 cohort studies and 8 case-control studies (PanScan). We compiled 23 biological pathways hypothesized to be relevant to pancreatic cancer and observed a nominal association between pancreatic cancer and five pathways (P < 0.05), i.e. pancreatic development, Helicobacter pylori lacto/neolacto, hedgehog, Th1/Th2 immune response and apoptosis (P = 2.0 × 10(-6), 1.6 × 10(-5), 0.0019, 0.019 and 0.023, respectively). After excluding previously identified genes from the original GWAS in three pathways (NR5A2, ABO and SHH), the pancreatic development pathway remained significant (P = 8.3 × 10(-5)), whereas the others did not. The most significant genes (P < 0.01) in the five pathways were NR5A2, HNF1A, HNF4G and PDX1 for pancreatic development; ABO for H.pylori lacto/neolacto; SHH for hedgehog; TGFBR2 and CCL18 for Th1/Th2 immune response and MAPK8 and BCL2L11 for apoptosis. Our results provide a link between inherited variation in genes important for pancreatic development and cancer and show that pathway-based approaches to analysis of GWAS data can yield important insights into the collective role of genetic risk variants in cancer.
Published: 2012

50. Characterization of Gene–Environment Interactions for Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility Loci

Author: Hutter, Carolyn M, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Slattery, Martha L, Pflugeisen, Bethann M, Lin, Yi, Duggan, David, Nan, Hongmei, Lemire, Mathieu, Rangrej, Jagadish, Figueiredo, Jane C, Jiao, Shuo, Harrison, Tabitha A, Liu, Yan, Chen, Lin S, Stelling, Deanna L, Warnick, Greg S, Hoffmeister, Michael, Küry, Sébastien, Fuchs, Charles S, Giovannucci, Edward, Hazra, Aditi, Kraft, Peter, Hunter, David J, Gallinger, Steven, Zanke, Brent W, Brenner, Hermann, Frank, Bernd, Ma, Jing, Ulrich, Cornelia M, White, Emily, Newcomb, Polly A, Kooperberg, Charles, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Prentice, Ross L, Jackson, Rebecca D, Schoen, Robert E, Chanock, Stephen J, Berndt, Sonja I, Hayes, Richard B, Caan, Bette J, Potter, John D, Hsu, Li, Bézieau, Stéphane, Chan, Andrew T, Hudson, Thomas J, and Peters, Ulrike
Subjects: Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Digestive Diseases, Nutrition, Prevention, Cancer, Colo-Rectal Cancer, Human Genome, Colorectal Neoplasms, Diet, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, Humans, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Biochemistry and cell biology, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than a dozen loci associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Here, we examined potential effect-modification between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) at 10 of these loci and probable or established environmental risk factors for CRC in 7,016 CRC cases and 9,723 controls from nine cohort and case-control studies. We used meta-analysis of an efficient empirical-Bayes estimator to detect potential multiplicative interactions between each of the SNPs [rs16892766 at 8q23.3 (EIF3H/UTP23), rs6983267 at 8q24 (MYC), rs10795668 at 10p14 (FLJ3802842), rs3802842 at 11q23 (LOC120376), rs4444235 at 14q22.2 (BMP4), rs4779584 at 15q13 (GREM1), rs9929218 at 16q22.1 (CDH1), rs4939827 at 18q21 (SMAD7), rs10411210 at 19q13.1 (RHPN2), and rs961253 at 20p12.3 (BMP2)] and select major CRC risk factors (sex, body mass index, height, smoking status, aspirin/nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, alcohol use, and dietary intake of calcium, folate, red meat, processed meat, vegetables, fruit, and fiber). The strongest statistical evidence for a gene-environment interaction across studies was for vegetable consumption and rs16892766, located on chromosome 8q23.3, near the EIF3H and UTP23 genes (nominal P(interaction) = 1.3 × 10(-4); adjusted P = 0.02). The magnitude of the main effect of the SNP increased with increasing levels of vegetable consumption. No other interactions were statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Overall, the association of most CRC susceptibility loci identified in initial GWAS seems to be invariant to the other risk factors considered; however, our results suggest potential modification of the rs16892766 effect by vegetable consumption.
Published: 2012

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