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Objective Innate immunity factors are associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and its complications. Therefore, T2DM has been suggested to be an immune-dependent disease. Elevated fasting glucose level and higher concentrations of innate immunity soluble molecules are not only related with insulin resistance, but inflammation is also an important factor in beta cell dysfunction in T2DM. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), which has an important role in inducing innate immune cells, is thought to have suppressive roles on immune responses in T2DM. We therefore aimed to investigate the possible role of TLR-2 del -196-174 and Arg753Gln variants in T2DM pathogenesis. Materials And Methods This study was designed as a case-control study. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used to genotype the two variants in 100 T2DM patients and 98 age- matched controls. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of TLR-2 del -196-174 DD genotype (P=0.003), ID genotype (P=0.009) and D allele (P=0.001) in patients compared with controls. In addition, the II genotype (P=0.001) and the I allele (P=0.003) frequencies were elevated in healthy controls. We did not find any significant differences in frequency distribution for the Arg753Gln variant in study groups. Conclusion We suggest that carrying the D allele of the TLR-2 del -196-174 variant may be related as a risk factor for T2DM.

ABCG2 plazma membranında yerleşmiş olan bir yarım ATP- bağlı kaset taşıyıcıdır. Enerji bağımlı bir akış pompası ve taşıyıcı olarak, toksik bileşikler ve antikanser ilaçların da olduğu, geniş aralıktaki yapısal olarak birbirinden farklı substratların intraselüler bölümlerden, ekstraselüler alan transportunu gerçekleştirir. Bundan dolayı BCRP, ksenobiyotikler ve onların metabolitlerine karşı koruyucu rol oynar ve antikanser ilaçların intraselüler konsantrasyonunu etkiler. Çalışmamızda, meme kanserli vakalarda ve sağlıklı kontrollerde, ABCG2 G34A (Val12Met) polimorfizmi incelenerek, genotip ve allel frekanslarının saptanması amaçlanmıştır. 128 meme kanseri ve 106 sağlıklı kontrolden elde edilen DNA örneklerinde PCR, RFLP ve jel elektroforez teknikleri kullanılarak bu polimorfizm belirlenmiştir. Hasta ve sağlıklı kontrol grupları arasında genotip ve allel dağılımı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır (p>0,05). Ancak kapsüler invazyon görülen hastaların tamamının G34A GG genotipine sahip oldukları gözlemlenmiştir (p=0,026) ve östrojen reseptör pozitif hastalarda GG genotipine sahip olma sıklığının anlamlı düzeyde arttığı saptanmıştır (p=0,027). Çalışmamız, ülkemizde meme kanserli hastalarda bu iki polimorfizmle ilgili ilk verileri sunmuş olup, bu verilerin daha sonra yapılacak olan çalışmalara öncülük edeceği inancını taşımaktayız. ABCG2 is a half ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter that localizes to plasma membranes. It functions as energy-dependent efflux pump and transports a wide array of structurally divergent substrates, including toxic compounds and anticancer drugs, from intracellular to extracellular compartments. Therefore, BCRP plays a protective role against xenobiotics and their metabolites and can affect the intracellular concentration of anticancer drugs. The present study aimed to investigate the susceptibility and prognostic implications of the ABCG2 G34A (Val12Met) polymorphism in breast cancer. We used PCR, RFLP and gel electrophoresis techniques to detect these polymorphisms in 128 breast cancer patiens and 106 healthy controls. No statistically significant differences were found in this polymorphism between patient and control groups. However, a significant association was found between the ABCG2 G34A GG genotype and capsular invasion (p=0.026) and having GG genotype was considerably higher in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients compared to having GA+AA genotype (p=0.027). Our study reveals the first data about these two polymorphisms on breast cancer patients in our country and we believe that this study will play a pioneering role for the next studies.