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Poly(oxanorbornene)s bearing TPP and PEGylated ZnPc with varying compositions have been synthesized. Thus, highest reported singlet oxygen generation for a Pc derivative in water (ΦΔ = 0.93) and excellent biological activity have been accomplished.

In this study, phosphonium salt-bearing polynorbornenes were synthesized using five different aromatic side chains (triphenylphosphonium, trifluorophenyl phosphonium, trichlorophenyl phosphonium, tri(p-tolyl)phosphonium, and cyclohexyldiphenyl phosphonium) via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The biological activities of these polymers were determined by their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and additionally, cytotoxicity studies on red blood cells were performed to report on their hemolytic activities (HC50). All of the synthesized polymers were found to be more active toward S. aureus than E. coli, and among them, tri(p-tolyl)phosphonium-and cyclohexyldiphenyl phosphonium-bearing homopolymers were found to be the most active against S. aureus (MIC: 2 mu g mL(-1)) under the Mueller Hinton Broth (MHB) medium; however, the polymers were also found to be hemolytic (HC50

A new bisphosphonate-bearing acrylic monomer was synthesized with the Aza-Michael addition reaction from sodium alendronate and polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The PAN copolymer of the new monomer ...

Amphiphilic poly(oxanorbornene)s are promising synthetic polymers that mimic the structural properties and antimicrobial functions of naturally occurring antimicrobial peptides. Here, poly(oxanorbornene)s bearing pendant zinc(II) phthalocyanine and triphenyl(ethyl) phosphonium functionalities are synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Fluorescence, singlet oxygen and triplet quantum yields of polymers are measured in dimethyl sulfoxide and aqueous medium. The singlet oxygen quantum yields of copolymers with the highest triphenyl and triethyl phosphonium content are found to be 0.29 and 0.41, respectively. Then, antimicrobial activities of polymers against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are investigated under both dark and light conditions. Synergistic effect of zinc(II) phthalocyanine and phosphonium-containing poly(oxanorbornene) is observed that the conjugate possessing the most triphenyl phosphonium side chains has the highest activity under light against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains after 80 min irradiation, reducing the survival of E. coli or S. aureus by 99.9999%. Hemolytic concentrations of the copolymers are found between 8 and 512 mu g mL(-1). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) proves that the bacteria membrane deforms after contacting with the biocidal polymer.

Cationic ROMP-polymers bearing ammonium or phosphonium groups were photo-grafted onto a PDMS surface via the thiol-ene click reaction, in the presence of benzophenone. The PDMS surface was first thiolated using pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) (PTTMP) under UV, in the presence of benzophenone. The obtained cationic surfaces exhibited charge densities above 1014 charge/cm2 and a higher degree of hydrophilicity compared to non-grafted surfaces. The live and dead tests performed by fluorescence microscopy revealed an effective contact bactericidal effect of these surfaces against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

The introduction of cationic groups onto the surface of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is a valuable synthetic technique with many applications. This study reports the synthesis of the functionalization of GNPs with phosphonium groups presented in the ring opening metathesis (ROMP)-type polymer backbone. The formation of nanoparticles was revealed with UV-spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The presence of polyphosphonium ligand on the surface of the GNPs was confirmed by XPS and 31P NMR spectroscopy. Higher molecular weight polymer-GNPs exhibited better stability in the ambient conditions than the phosphonium polymers which possessed lower molecular weights. Phosphonium-based polymers can act, simultaneously, as reducing and stabilizing agents for the gold nanoparticles.

In the present study, phosphonate ester, phosphonic acid, and aromatic (phenyl, naphthalene, anthracene) groups containing polymers were synthesized by the ROMP method to analyze thermal properties of these polymers. Thermal stability of the synthesized polymers is tested by thermal gravimetric analysis under nitrogen, air, and microscale combustion calorimetry analysis. Analysis shows that thermal behavior is directly related to the phosphorus level in the copolymer series. All the polymers are thermally stable under nitrogen and air up to 900 degrees C. Synergistic charring effect under air was observed between aromatic groups and phosphonic acid functionality in the copolymer series. Anthracene units have a greater potential to form carbonaceous char than the naphthalene and phenyl units. Phosphonate ester and naphthalene units bearing copolymers (P3A) gave 8.13% char yield at 900 degrees C under air. Phosphonic acid derivatives of this polymer, P3D, gave a highest char residue of 17.15% under the same condition. The introduction of phosphonate and phosphonic acid in each copolymer series is also beneficial in reducing the peak heat release rate (PHRR). Cleavage of the phosphonate ester bearing homopolymer (P4) to phosphonic acid (P4A) causes a sharp decrease in the PHRR ratio from 274 to 28.2 W/g. (c) 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47085.