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Copyright of Revista Anagramas is the property of Editorial Universidad de Medellin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Sociologia e Política is the property of Revista de Sociologia e Politica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article approaches the presence in the Spanish diaries of a news emergent topic of the electoral news, the metacoverage. Hence, the role played by the events produced by the media, the public relations and the political marketing in the campaign. We have conducted a content analysis of the sections dedicated to the electoral campaign of 2004 in El País, Abc and El Mundo. Another aim is to verify the relation between the different topics of campaign and the metacoverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Visual Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Communication & Society is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the perception of University Students about the Apologies of Spanish politicians whose objective, in most cases, responds to Image Restoration Strategies. The research focuses on knowing if this type of discourse meets its objective, evaluating the effectiveness of the apology speech and knowing which wrongful events are more likely to be forgiven by the audience. We've used a quantitative methodology with online surveys. It has been established for a representative sample of 385 cases extracted, stratified by regions and segmented by sex, of a universe of 1,329,109 university students in Spain, with a margin of error of 5 % and a confidence level of 95%. Among the main conclusions, we found the effectiveness and the positive impact of Apologies as a strategy to restore the image of politicians. Despite of this, discourse is not enough, rather, it requires complementary actions to achieve full effectiveness of the Apologies with distinction in independent variables such as sex, ideology, voting intention, political self-identification and religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of El Profesional de la Información is the property of EPI SCP and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents a speech given by the author regarding communication policy. He comments on the relationship between politics and communication, with a particular focus on the case of Spain. He also describes the interaction between communication and political marketing. The anti-austerity movement in Spain known as 15-M is also examined.

Copyright of Comunicación y Sociedad is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Spain, there is a great deal of talk about the phenomenon of the Americanization of politics, that is, the influence of the U.S. campaign model in Spain and on the different political campaigns held in its territory—national campaigns and campaigns to elect the parliaments of the 17 autonomous communities into which the country is divided politically. The differences between the electoral systems, and between the cultures and the societies, of the United States and Spain are evident, but there are some characteristics that show that they have increasingly more elements in common, attributable mainly to the American training of the Spanish spin doctors and to how the opportunities of the new mass media are leveraged. However, this article suggests that the debate on the Americanization of electoral campaigns in Spain is insufficient. It is essential to see how the political parties should adapt their communication processes and their rhetorical strategies to an ever-changing society where the weight of the media and new technologies is becoming increasingly greater. Society changes, it becomes modernized, and therefore, the way we reach it should also change, as has been seen in the latest electoral campaigns in Spanish territory. The subject of this study are the latest elections to the Spanish Parliament and to the Parliament of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper we analyze, as an example of oral political discourse, the songs of two main Spanish politics parties, during the general 2008 elections. As other texts of political discourse (such as speech, interviews, meetings, posters, advertisings, etc.), these songs that accompanied the electoral propaganda are part of a public and ideological discourse aimed at the election of a candidate (perlocutive object). The elector voting for the candidate must believe that he is the best option available. Thus, the candidate's discourse is directed so the elector knows that the candidate and his party are the best options (legitimation), while it presents the opposing candidate as the worst one (delegitimation). The results of the analysis show that these strategies, quite typical in political discourse, have some new elements such as their resemblance to commercial advertising, i.e. the testimonials by famous people. Even if the political songs are a traditional genre with conventional communicative aims (propaganda and persuasion), they display some typical features in contemporary and postmodern communication: colloquiality, informality, "carnivalization", syncretism and hibridation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media has become an essential platform in the field of digital political communication. In the context of accommodating electoral campaigns to digital media and the absence of barriers to freedom of expression existing on these platforms, attacks on political rivals and negative campaigns are increasing on social media. This research analyzes the use of criticism on Facebook by political actors during the electoral campaign and citizens' reactions to these messages. The sample (n = 601) contains the publications disseminated on Facebook by political parties and leaders during the electoral campaign of the general elections of 26 June 2016 in Spain. The results show that criticism is an emerging resource in the digital communication strategy of political actors, mainly used by the opposition parties and their candidates, who focus their attacks on the party and leader of the Government. Attacks are mainly focused on the professional side of their rivals, although they also give a central role to emotions. Citizens are attracted to these attacks and are prone to interact with posts that include this resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of candidates in politainment programs during electoral campaigns has already become a general practice in Spain. Considering that the vast majority of reactions on social media refer to the content or guests of television programs (D'heer & Verdegem, 2014), these reactions can be used to determine to what extent these shows contribute to improving the political knowledge of each candidate through the eyes of the audience (Boukes & Trilling, 2017). This research is based on some previous studies supporting the impact of political infotainment programs on promoting political engagement among the social audience, (Moy, Xenos & Hess, 2005) and in terms of benefits for politicians regarding their public image and outreach to new audiences (Teruel, 2016). However, this study aims to go further, specifying what type of content promotes greater public involvement. For that purpose, we conducted a comparative and quantitative empirical analysis of the social conversation generated from the main hashtag designed for each candidate on the tv show El Hormiguero during the 2019 elections campaign. Concretely, a sample of 249 tweets were analysed, selected among those with a higher level of interaction among prosumers - metrics of follow-up, virality and thematictaking as a case study the public appearances of Pablo Iglesias (Unidas Podemos), Pablo Casado (PP), Albert Rivera (Ciudadanos), Santiago Abascal (VOX) and Íñigo Errejón (Más País) in the program El Hormiguero during the 2019 electoral campaign in Spain. Results show the remarkable presence of contents that do not promote the constructive knowledge of candidates. However, depending on certain variables, this content fosters citizen engagement as part of the campaign strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]