1. The impact of introduction of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal carriage in Nigeria.
- Author
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Adamu AL, Ojal J, Abubakar IA, Odeyemi KA, Bello MM, Okoromah CAN, Karia B, Karani A, Akech D, Inem V, Scott JAG, and Adetifa IMO
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Nigeria epidemiology, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Vaccines, Conjugate, Pneumococcal Vaccines, Pneumococcal Infections epidemiology, Pneumococcal Infections prevention & control
- Abstract
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) protect against invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among vaccinees. However, at population level, this protection is driven by indirect effects. PCVs prevent nasopharyngeal acquisition of vaccine-serotype (VT) pneumococci, reducing onward transmission. Each disease episode is preceded by infection from a carrier, so vaccine impacts on carriage provide a minimum estimate of disease reduction in settings lacking expensive IPD surveillance. We documented carriage prevalence and vaccine coverage in two settings in Nigeria annually (2016-2020) following PCV10 introduction in 2016. Among 4,684 rural participants, VT carriage prevalence fell from 21 to 12% as childhood (<5 years) vaccine coverage rose from 7 to 84%. Among 2,135 urban participants, VT carriage prevalence fell from 16 to 9% as uptake rose from 15 to 94%. Within these ranges, carriage prevalence declined with uptake. Increasing PCV10 coverage reduced pneumococcal infection at all ages, implying at least a comparable reduction in IPD., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2023
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