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Objective: The aim of the study was the analysis of the new molecular genetic immunomarkers (p53, c-erbB-2, Ki 67, bcl-2) hormonal receptors (ER, PR) and ploidy disturbances and their relation to the most important prognostic factors for endometrial cancer., Design: Prospective study., Setting: Dept. of Gynaecology and Obsterics, Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Transplational Medicine, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Olomouc., Methods: The study group consisted of 88 endometrial cancer patients. The biopsies of the tumours obtained at operations were routinely histopathologically examined. Subsequently, the immunohistochemical tumormarkers were determined. The same biopsies were examined by microdissection and flow cytometric ploidy analysis and karyotyping. The findings were compared with the most important prognostic factors for endometrial cancer, mainly with clinical stage of the disease, grade and histopathological type., Results: Aneuploidy was found in 71% in the group of poorly differentiated endometrial cancers (G3) in contrast to 47% in the group of G1 and G2 tumours. High expression of p53, Ki 67, c-erbB-2 and low rate of sex hormone receptors was found in the prognostically unfavourable group (G3)., Conclusions: Aneuploidy seems to be an important prognostical factor for endometrial cancer patients. Identification of p53, Ki 67, c-erbB-2, ER a PR is a useful tool to specify a group of prognostically unfavourable patients.

The aim of this study was to analyse whether DNA ploidy correlates with proliferative activity as measured by PCNA expression, presence of oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs), histological grade, expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and clinical outcome in a cohort of 57 preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix. The samples were analysed using computer image cytomorphometry of Feulgen stained sections, standard indirect immunohistochemistry and hybridisation of HPV DNA in situ. The ploidy data were found to be significantly different between low/high grade preneoplasia and invasive carcinoma. Significant positive relationships were also found between DNA content and proliferation of lesions, and DNA content and clinical behavior of the lesions. Nevertheless, no relationship between DNA ploidy and HPV/Bcl-2 status was established.