The species P. diplodi Euzet et Cauwet, 1967, P. kuhliae (Yamaguti, 1967), P. maomao (Yamaguti, 1968), P. acanthogobii (Yamaguti, 1940), P. gerres (Sandars, 1944), P. tubicirrus (Paperna et Kohn, 1964) should be assigned to the genus Polylabris Euzet et Cauwet, 1967 (=Prostatomicrocotyla Yamaguti, 1968). Undoubtedly, "Microcotyle sillaginae Woolcock, 1936" in sensu Gupta and Khullar, 1968, and very likely the true Microcotyle sillaginae Woolcock, 1936 belong to the same genus. P. gerres (Machida, 1973) is a synonym and at the same time a homonym of P. gerres (Sandars, 1944). A new species, Polylabris acanthopagri sp. n., is described and a new genus, Polylabroides, with a single species, P. biungulatus gen. et sp. n., is proposed.