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Costal cartilage grafting is a commonly used reconstruction procedure, particularly in rhinoplasty. Although costal cartilage is broadly used in reconstructive surgery, there are differing opinions regarding which costal cartilage levels provide the most ideal grafts. Grafts are typically designed tomatch the shape of the recipient site. The shapes of costal cartilage grafts have been described as "boat-shaped," "C-shaped," "canoeshaped," "U-shaped," "crescent-shaped," "L-shaped," "semilunar," "straight," and "Y-shaped." The shapes of costal cartilages are thought to lend themselves to the shapes of certain grafts; however, there has been little study of the shapes of costal cartilages, and most reports have been anecdotal. Therefore, this study is aimed to detail the average shapes of the most commonly grafted cartilages (i.e., the fifth to seventh cartilages). A total of 96 cadaveric costal cartilages were analyzed through geometric morphometric analysis. The fifth costal cartilage was determined to have the straightest shape and would therefore be particularly suitable for nasal dorsum onlay grafting. The lateral portions of the sixth and, particularly, the seventh costal cartilages have the most acute curvature. Therefore, they would lend themselves to the construction of an en bloc "L"-shaped or hockey stick-shaped nasal dorsum-columellar strut graft. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dupuytren's disease gained its eponym from the surgeon Baron Guillaume Dupuytren (1777-1835). However, the terms 'Cline's contracture' and 'Cooper's contracture,' named after the two surgeons who proposed the treatment for the palmar contractures prior to Dupuytren, have also been used to describe the disease. In addition to the eponyms attributed to these three surgeons, a number of other appellations with interesting provenance exist for Dupuytren's disease including the 'Curse of the MacCrimmons,' 'Celtic hand,' 'Viking's disease,' and the 'Hand of Benediction.' These terms all have interesting provenance; however, contention exists with regard to the appropriateness of their coinage. Of these terms, the 'Hand of Benediction' is based upon the oldest history, supposedly thought to be a result of an early Pope afflicted with Dupuytren's disease. This report suggests that Dupuytren's disease was recorded in history prior Christianity, the Vikings, as well as Dupuytren, Cline, and Cooper. Nearly 100 votive 'Hand of Sabazios' artifacts from Antiquity appear to document Dupuytren's disease via sculpture. The report posits that Dupuytren's disease may have been represented by the 'Hand of Sabazios,' subsequently inspiring the 'Hand of Benediction' and 'Hand of God' that has permeated Christian art and culture for thousands of years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]