37 results on '"Griesser, Hans J."'
Search Results
2. Plasma polymerization for biomedical applications: A review.
- Author
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Coad, Bryan R., Favia, Pietro, Vasilev, Krasimir, and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
PLASMA polymerization ,MICROBIAL adhesion ,SMALL molecules ,THIN films ,ATMOSPHERIC pressure ,SILVER ions - Abstract
Plasma polymers have long been of interest as thin film coatings on biomedical devices and products, to generate desirable surface properties for favorable bio‐interfacial interactions. Plasma polymers have also been used as platforms for the covalent immobilization of bioactive molecules. More recently, additional aspects have been investigated, such as selective prevention of adhesion of microbial pathogens, either via plasma polymers per se or including antimicrobial drugs. Plasma polymers have also been investigated for the release of silver ions and small organic molecules. Complementing low‐pressure plasma approaches, processes at atmospheric pressure have attracted interest recently, including for nano/biocomposite coatings. This contribution reviews the use of plasma polymers for intended biomedical applications, with a focus on more recent topic areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Excitation Frequency Dependence of the Surface Properties and Composition of Plasma Polymers from Aldehyde Monomers
- Author
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Gong, Xiaoyi and Griesser, Hans J.
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Rational approaches for optimizing chemical functionality of plasma polymers: A case study with ethyl trimethylacetate.
- Author
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Saboohi, Solmaz, Coad, Bryan R., Short, Robert D., Michelmore, Andrew, and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
SECONDARY ion mass spectrometry ,IONS ,ION energy ,PLASMA polymerization ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy - Abstract
Improved retention of desirable chemical structures during plasma polymerization requires rational tailoring of plasma‐phase conditions. Using ethyl trimethylacetate, we studied the effects of pressure and power on the contribution of intact molecular ions to deposition and retention of ester groups. The abundance of protonated molecular ions in plasmas varies with pressure and power, but the functionality of plasma polymers, assessed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, is not correlated. Together with high ion flux, the ion energy distribution was found to be a key parameter and needs to be tailored to enable the soft landing of ions on the surface after traversing the sheath. The compromise between the abundance of ions and their energy distribution is optimal near the transition between the α and γ plasma phases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Outside Front Cover: Plasma Process. Polym. 7/2023.
- Author
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Chakraborty, Argha, Jasieniak, Marek, Coad, Bryan R., and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
PLASMA materials processing ,PLASMA waves ,PLASMA polymerization - Abstract
Even without an additional layer of pulsed wave glycidol plasma polymer. B Outside Front Cover b : Continuous wave plasma polymerization of glycidol can directly immobilize amine containing anti-fungal biomolecules on substrates such as biomedical devices. This is facilitated by the abundance of epoxide groups on such plasma polymers to undergo ring-opening reaction. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Caspofungin on ARGET-ATRP grafted PHEMA polymers: Enhancement and selectivity of prevention of attachment of Candida albicans.
- Author
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Michl, Thomas D., Giles, Carla, Mocny, Piotr, Futrega, Kathryn, Doran, Michael R., Harm-Anton, Klok, Griesser, Hans J., and Coad, Bryan R.
- Subjects
POLYMERS ,MACROMOLECULES ,CANDIDA albicans ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms ,PLASMA polymerization - Abstract
There is a need for coatings for biomedical devices and implants that can prevent the attachment of fungal pathogens while allowing human cells and tissue to appose without cytotoxicity. Here, the authors study whether a poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) coating can suppress attachment and biofilm formation by Candida albicans and whether caspofungin terminally attached to surface-tethered polymeric linkers can provide additional benefits. The multistep coating scheme first involved the plasma polymerization of ethanol, followed by the attachment of a-bromoisobutyryl bromide (BiBB) onto surface hydroxyl groups of the plasma polymer layer. Polymer chains were grafted using surface initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization with 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, yielding PHEMA layers with a dry thickness of up to 89 nm in 2 h. Hydroxyl groups of PHEMA were oxidized to aldehydes using the Albright-Goldman reaction, and caspofungin was covalently immobilized onto them using reductive amination. While the PHEMA layer by itself reduced the growth of C. albicans biofilms by log 1.4, the addition of caspofungin resulted in a marked further reduction by>4 log units to below the threshold of the test. The authors have confirmed that the predominant mechanism of action is caused by antifungal drug molecules that are covalently attached to the surface, rather than out-diffusing from the coating. The authors confirm the selectivity of surface-attached caspofungin in eliminating fungal, not mammalian cells by showing no measurable toxicity toward the myeloid leukaemia suspension cell line KG-1a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Plasma Polymers Containing Sulfur and Their Co-Polymers With 1,7-Octadiene: Chemical and Structural Analysis.
- Author
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Siow, Kim S., Britcher, Leanne, Kumar, Sunil, and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
SULFUR bonding ,STRUCTURAL analysis (Science) ,POLYMERIZATION reactors ,DIMETHYL sulfoxide ,HYDROCARBONS - Abstract
In comparison with other chemistries, little has been reported on sulfur-containing plasma polymers; reasons include low volatility or high toxicity of monomers. Here, we report on plasma polymerization of dimethyl sulfoxide, by itself and its co-polymerization with 1,7-octadiene to generate S-containing plasma polymers. Results show dominance of SS, SH, and SC with small percentages of SO and SO
2 . Upon storage in air there were no observable changes to the oxidation states of the S atoms in these plasma polymers, whereas the hydrocarbon component underwent oxidative changes. Methods were studied to oxidize the initial sulfur-containing surface groups, but approaches such as H2 O2 treatment post-deposition and electrical biasing during deposition did not affect the oxidation states of the incorporated S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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8. Antifungal coatings by caspofungin immobilization onto biomaterials surfaces via a plasma polymer interlayer.
- Author
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Griesser, Stefani S., Jasieniak, Marek, Coad, Bryan R., and Griesser, Hans J.
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ANTIFUNGAL agents ,BIOMATERIALS ,PLASMA polymerization ,BIOMEDICAL engineering ,AMINES - Abstract
Not only bacteria but also fungal pathogens, particularly Candida species, can lead to biofilm infections on biomedical devices. By covalent grafting of the antifungal drug caspofungin, which targets the fungal cell wall, onto solid biomaterials, a surface layer can be created that might be able to provide long-term protection against fungal biofilm formation. Plasma polymerization of propionaldehyde (propanal) was used to deposit a thin (~20 nm) interfacial bonding layer bearing aldehyde surface groups that can react with amine groups of caspofungin to form covalent interfacial bonds for immobilization. Surface analyses by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry confirmed the intended grafting and uniformity of the coatings, and durability upon extended washing. Testing for fungal cell attachment and ensuing biofilm formation showed that caspofungin retained activity when covalently bound onto surfaces, disrupting colonizing Candida cells. Mammalian cytotoxicity studies using human primary fibroblasts indicated that the caspofungin-grafted surfaces were selective in eliminating fungal cells while allowing attachment and spreading of mammalian cells. These in vitro data suggest promise for use as antifungal coatings, for example, on catheters, and the use of a plasma polymer interlayer enables facile transfer of the coating method onto a wide variety of biomaterials and biomedical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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9. Influence of Tetramethyldisiloxane-Oxygen Mixtures on the Physical Properties of Microwave PECVD Coatings and Subsequent Post-Plasma Reactions.
- Author
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Hall, Colin J., Murphy, Peter J., and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
SURFACE coatings ,PLASMA polymerization ,POLYMER research ,HARDNESS ,SURFACE chemistry - Abstract
Coatings deposited by microwave plasma enhanced CVD have potential for applications as protective coatings against mechanical and environmental damage. The properties of plasma polymer coatings can, however, vary markedly with deposition conditions, and we report here that this is also the case for coatings deposited from mixtures of tetramethyldisiloxane (TMDSO) and oxygen. Hardness, modulus, stress, mass, and surface chemical compositions all varied considerably with the TMDSO/O
2 ratio. Post-plasma reactions led to changes in the physical properties of coatings, which were found to be dependent on the oxygen concentration at the time of deposition. Coatings deposited at low oxygen concentration lost mass, became more rigid, became less tensile in stress, and underwent a large increase in hardness and modulus. These coatings were found to craze over periods of up to six months. Coatings deposited at high oxygen concentrations were observed to gain mass, became less rigid, and showed reduced compressive stress. They were more stable but their mechanical mismatch with polymer substrates affects their performance as protective coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Low-Pressure Plasma Methods for Generating Non-Reactive Hydrophilic and Hydrogel-Like Bio-Interface Coatings - A Review.
- Author
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Siow, Kim S., Kumar, Sunil, and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
THERMAL stability ,SURFACE coatings ,FUNCTIONAL groups ,PLASMA polymerization ,MONOMERS ,POLYETHYLENE glycol ,POLYETHYLENE oxide - Abstract
This review surveys low-pressure plasma-based methods for producing hydrophilic and hydrogel-like bio-interface coatings without reactive functional groups in aqueous media. The main focus of the review is one-step plasma polymerization; other plasma-based methods such as plasma with grafting are also discussed within the context of monomers used, process development, ageing properties, and interaction of these coatings with proteins and cells. Coatings containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyethylene oxide (PEO), acrylamides such as N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), and sulfonate (SO
3 ) or sulfate (SO4 ) moieties are reviewed here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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11. Deposition and XPS and FTIR Analysis of Plasma Polymer Coatings Containing Phosphorus.
- Author
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Siow, Kim S., Britcher, Leanne, Kumar, Sunil, and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
CHEMICAL vapor deposition ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,PHOTOELECTRON spectroscopy ,FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy ,PLASMA polymerization - Abstract
Phosphate groups are part of biological molecules involved in bio-interfacial phenomena but monomers containing these groups are not volatile enough to be plasma polymerized (pp). Hence monomers with lower oxidation states of P are needed which then does not enable prediction of the oxidation state(s) of P in the pps, nor of possible aging effects. XPS and FTIR analyses of pps from triisopropyl phosphite (TIP) and diethyl phosphite (DEP) reveal the presence of phosphate and polyphosphate groups, while phosphonate and phosphate are found in pps of co-polymerized 1,7-octadiene and TIP. Post-plasma aging and electrical biasing have negligible effects on the oxidation state of P in TIP pps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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12. Effects of Varying Heptylamine and Propionaldehyde Plasma Polymerization Parameters on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Attachment.
- Author
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Sandstrom, Anne M., Jasieniak, Marek, Griesser, Hans J., Grøndahl, Lisbeth, and Cooper‐White, Justin J.
- Abstract
This paper investigated the impacts of two deposition times (30 s, 60 s) and discharge powers (20 W, 50 W) on the resultant chemical and physical properties of plasma polymers (pp) formed using heptylamine (HA) or propionaldehyde (PA) monomers. Pinhole-free pp films were formed on all surfaces at deposition rates that varied according to both the time and power employed. XPS and ToF-SIMS analysis showed that power has a more of an effect than time on the chemical properties of the pp, which may be attributed to differences in monomer fragmentation and cross-linking. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) adhesion did not vary on the four different HApp surfaces, whereas a negative correlation between cell attachment and increasing plasma energy was observed on PApp surfaces. This suggests that the presence of oxygenated groups, particularly aldehyde and carboxylic groups, may have a dominant impact on MSC adhesion to these functional polymer substrates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Solid-state capture and real-time analysis of individual T cell activation via self-assembly of binding multimeric proteins on functionalized materials surfaces.
- Author
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Diener, Kerrilyn R., Christo, Susan N., Griesser, Stefani S., Sarvestani, Ghafar T., Vasilev, Krasimir, Griesser, Hans J., and Hayball, John D.
- Subjects
T cells ,STREPTAVIDIN ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,MAJOR histocompatibility complex ,POLYMERS ,MONOCLONAL antibodies ,PROTEINS - Abstract
Abstract: Polyfunctional T cell responses are increasingly underpinning new and improved vaccination regimens. Studies of the nature and extent of these T cell responses may be facilitated if specific T cell populations can be assessed from mixed populations by ligand-mediated capture in a solid-state assay format. Accordingly, we report here the development of a novel strategy for the solid-state capture and real-time activation analyses of individual cognate T cells which utilizes a spontaneous self-assembly process for generating multimers of biotinylated class I major histocompatibility-peptide complex (MHCp) directly on the solid-state assay surface while also ensuring stability by covalent interfacial binding. The capture surface was constructed by the fabrication of multilayer coatings onto standard slides. The first layer was a thin polymer coating with surface aldehyde groups, onto which streptavidin was covalently immobilized, followed by the docking of multimers of biotinylated MHCp or biotinylated anti-CD45.1 monoclonal antibody. The high binding strength at each step of this immobilization sequence aims to ensure that artefacts such as (partial) detachment, or displacement by proteins from solution, would not interfere with the intended biological assays. The multilayer coating steps were monitored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; data indicated that the MHCp proteins self-assembled in a multimeric form onto the streptavidin surface. Immobilized multimeric MHCp demonstrated the capacity to bind and retain antigen-specific T cells from mixed populations of cells onto the solid carrier. Furthermore, real-time confocal microscopic detection and quantification of subsequent calcium flux using paired fluorescent ratiometric probes facilitated the analysis of individual T cell response profiles, as well as population analyses using a combination of individual T cell events. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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14. Nitric oxide releasing plasma polymer coating with bacteriostatic properties and no cytotoxic side effects.
- Author
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Michl, Thomas D., Coad, Bryan R., Doran, Michael, Osiecki, Michael, Kafshgari, Morteza Hasanzadeh, Voelcker, Nicolas H., Hüsler, Amanda, Vasilev, Krasimir, and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
NITRIC oxide ,PLASMA polymerization ,ANTIBACTERIAL agents ,CHEMICAL precursors ,BACTERIAL growth ,MESENCHYMAL stem cells - Abstract
We report a stable plasma polymer coating, using isopentyl nitrite as a volatile precursor, which releases nitric oxide at bacteriostatic concentrations when contacted with water, inhibiting bacterial growth without cytotoxic side effects to human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Comparison of continuous wave and pulsed mode plasma polymerization of glycidol for storage‐stable coatings for biomolecule immobilization
- Author
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Argha Chakraborty, Marek Jasieniak, Bryan R. Coad, Hans J. Griesser, Chakraborty, Argha, Jasieniak, Marek, Coad, Bryan R, and Griesser, Hans J
- Subjects
epoxide plasma polymer aging ,Polymers and Plastics ,glycidol plasma polymer ,plasma polymerization ,antimicrobial surface analysis ,biomaterial associated infections ,covalent immobilization ,Condensed Matter Physics ,antifungal coatings - Abstract
Plasma polymers from glycidol vapors are of interest for direct covalent grafting of molecules bearing amine or thiol groups. The question of whether pulsed plasma operation might lead to a higher surface density of epoxide groups and a higher density of grafted molecules is studied using the antifungal drug caspofungin. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Time of flight-secondary ions mass spectrometry analysis followed by caspofungin grafting revealed that both continuous wave and pulsed plasmas led to surface epoxides but with higher densities upon pulsing. Investigations into stability suggested that glycidol plasma polymer coatings were still able to immobilize caspofungin after 2 years of storage, making them suitable for applications where grafting of molecules needs to be done immediately before usage of a device. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2023
16. QCM-D and XPS study of protein adsorption on plasma polymers with sulfonate and phosphonate surface groups.
- Author
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Siow, Kim S., Britcher, Leanne, Kumar, Sunil, and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
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PLASMA polymerization , *SULFONATES , *PHOSPHONATES , *X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy , *FIBRINOGEN - Abstract
Graphical abstract Highlights • SO 3 and PO 3 groups produced by Michael addition on heptylamine plasma polymer. • XPS analysis shows that protein adsorption saturated between 1 and 2 h. • QCM-D shows that passivation with HSA leads to reversible adsorption of lysozyme. • For fibrinogen, partial displacement occurs, regardless of surface chemistry. • Protein adsorption onto SO 3 or PO 3 surfaces is not dominated by electrostatics. Abstract As some proteins are known to interact with sulfated and phosphated biomolecules such as specific glycosaminoglycans, this study derives from the hypothesis that sulfonate and phosphonate groups on solid polymer surfaces might cause specific interfacial interactions. Such surfaces were prepared by plasma polymerization of heptylamine (HA) and subsequent grafting of sulfonate or phosphonate groups via Michael-type addition of vinylic compounds. Adsorption of the proteins fibrinogen, albumin (HSA) and lysozyme on these functionalised plasma polymer surfaces was studied by XPS and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). It was also studied whether pre-adsorption with HSA would lead to a passivated surface against further adsorption of other proteins. XPS confirmed grafting of vinyl sulfonate and vinyl phosphonate onto the amine surface and showed that the proteins adsorbed to saturation at between 1 and 2 h. QCM-D showed rapid and irreversible adsorption of albumin on all three surfaces, while lysozyme could be desorbed with PBS to substantial extents from the sulfonated and phosphonated surfaces but not from the amine surface. Fibrinogen showed rapid initial adsorption followed by slower additional mass gain over hours. Passivation with albumin led to small and largely reversible subsequent adsorption of lysozyme, whereas with fibrinogen partial displacement yielded a mixed layer, regardless of the surface chemistry. Thus, protein adsorption onto these sulfonated and phosphonated surfaces is complex, and not dominated by electrostatic charge effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. 3D printed lattices as an activation and expansion platform for T cell therapy.
- Author
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Delalat, Bahman, Harding, Frances, Gundsambuu, Batjargal, De-Juan-Pardo, Elena M., Wunner, Felix M., Wille, Marie-Luise, Jasieniak, Marek, Malatesta, Kristen A.L., Griesser, Hans J., Simula, Antonio, Hutmacher, Dietmar W., Voelcker, Nicolas H., and Barry, Simon C.
- Subjects
- *
T cells , *IMMUNOTHERAPY , *AUTOIMMUNE disease prevention , *CYTOTOXIC T cells , *PLASMA polymerization , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
One of the most significant hurdles to the affordable, accessible delivery of cell therapy is the cost and difficulty of expanding cells to clinically relevant numbers. Immunotherapy to prevent autoimmune disease, tolerate organ transplants or target cancer critically relies on the expansion of specialized T cell populations. We have designed 3D-printed cell culture lattices with highly organized micron-scale architectures, functionalized via plasma polymerization to bind monoclonal antibodies that trigger cell proliferation. This 3D technology platform facilitate the expansion of therapeutic human T cell subsets, including regulatory, effector, and cytotoxic T cells while maintaining the correct phenotype. Lentiviral gene delivery to T cells is enhanced in the presence of the lattices. Incorporation of the lattice format into existing cell culture vessels such as the G-Rex system is feasible. This cell expansion platform is user-friendly and expedites cell recovery and scale-up, making it ideal for translating T cell therapies from bench to bedside. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The Physics of Plasma Ion Chemistry: A Case Study of Plasma Polymerization of Ethyl Acetate
- Author
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Robert D. Short, Andrew Michelmore, Hans J. Griesser, Bryan R. Coad, Solmaz Saboohi, Saboohi, Solmaz, Short, Robert D, Coad, Bryan R, Griesser, Hans J, and Michelmore, Andrew
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Chemistry ,Analytical chemistry ,Ethyl acetate ,Ionic bonding ,02 engineering and technology ,Plasma ,chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,ion plasma ,01 natural sciences ,Plasma polymerization ,ion energy ,Ion ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,0103 physical sciences ,Plasma chemistry ,Molecule ,General Materials Science ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Deposition (chemistry) ,plasma - Abstract
Deposition chemistry from plasma is highly dependent on both the chemistry of the ions arriving at surfaces and the ion energy. Typically, when measuring the energy distribution of ions arriving at surfaces from plasma, it is assumed that the distributions are the same for all ionic species. Using ethyl acetate as a representative organic precursor molecule, we have measured the ion chemistry and ion energy as a function of pressure and power. We show that at low pressure (
- Published
- 2019
19. Plasma polymerization for biomedical applications: A review
- Author
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Bryan R. Coad, Pietro Favia, Krasimir Vasilev, Hans J. Griesser, Coad, Bryan R, Favia, Pietro, Vasilev, Krasimir, and Griesser, Hans J
- Subjects
drug release coatings ,antibacterial coatings ,Polymers and Plastics ,plasma polymerization ,covalent immobilization ,Condensed Matter Physics ,biomaterials - Abstract
Refereed/Peer-reviewed Plasma polymers have long been of interest as thin film coatings on biomedical devices and products, to generate desirable surface properties for favorable bio-interfacial interactions. Plasma polymers have also been used as platforms for the covalent immobilization of bioactive molecules. More recently, additional aspects have been investigated, such as selective prevention of adhesion of microbial pathogens, either via plasma polymers per se or including antimicrobial drugs. Plasma polymers have also been investigated for the release of silver ions and small organic molecules. Complementing low-pressure plasma approaches, processes at atmospheric pressure have attracted interest recently, including for nano/biocomposite coatings. This contribution reviews the use of plasma polymers for intended biomedical applications, with a focus on more recent topic areas.
- Published
- 2022
20. Comparison of Plasma Polymerization under Collisional and Collision-Less Pressure Regimes.
- Author
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Saboohi, Solmaz, Jasieniak, Marek, Coad, Bryan R., Griesser, Hans J., Short, Robert D., and Michelmore, Andrew
- Subjects
- *
PLASMA polymerization , *SURFACE chemistry , *COLLISIONAL plasma , *POLYMER films , *LOW pressure (Science) - Abstract
While plasma polymerization is used extensively to fabricate functionalized surfaces, the processes leading to plasma polymer growth are not yet completely understood. Thus, reproducing processes in different reactors has remained problematic, which hinders industrial uptake and research progress. Here we examine the crucial role pressure plays in the physical and chemical processes in the plasma phase, in interactions at surfaces in contact with the plasma phase, and how this affects the chemistry of the resulting plasma polymer films using ethanol as the gas precursor. Visual inspection of the plasma reveals a change from intense homogeneous plasma at low pressure to lower intensity bulk plasma at high pressure, but with increased intensity near the walls of the chamber. It is demonstrated that this occurs at the transition from a collision-less to a collisional plasma sheath, which in turn increases ion and energy flux to surfaces at constant RF power. Surface analysis of the resulting plasma polymer films show that increasing the pressure results in increased incorporation of oxygen and lower cross-linking, parameters which are critical to film performance. These results and insights help to explain the considerable differences in plasma polymer properties observed by different research groups using nominally similar processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Rational approaches for optimizing chemical functionality of plasma polymers:A case study with ethyl trimethylacetate
- Author
-
Solmaz Saboohi, Andrew Michelmore, Bryan R. Coad, Hans J. Griesser, Robert D. Short, Saboohi, Solmaz, Coad, Bryan R, Short, Robert D, Michelmore, Andrew, and Griesser, Hans J
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,plasma polymerization ,Protonation ,Plasma ,Polymer ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Mass spectrometry ,01 natural sciences ,Plasma polymerization ,Ion ,ethyl trimethylacetate ,Secondary ion mass spectrometry ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,plasma regimes ,Physics::Plasma Physics ,0103 physical sciences ,mass spectroscopy - Abstract
Improved retention of desirable chemical structures during plasma polymerization requires rational tailoring of plasma-phase conditions. Using ethyl trimethylacetate, we studied the effects of pressure and power on the contribution of intact molecular ions to deposition and retention of ester groups. The abundance of protonated molecular ions in plasmas varies with pressure and power, but the functionality of plasma polymers, assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, is not correlated. Together with high ion flux, the ion energy distribution was found to be a key parameter and needs to be tailored to enable the soft landing of ions on the surface after traversing the sheath. The compromise between the abundance of ions and their energy distribution is optimal near the transition between the α and γ plasma phases. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2021
22. Controlled covalent surface immobilisation of proteins and peptides using plasma methods.
- Author
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Coad, Bryan R., Jasieniak, Marek, Griesser, Stefani S., and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
- *
SURFACE chemistry , *ENCAPSULATION (Catalysis) , *PROTEINS , *PEPTIDES , *PLASMA polymerization , *BIOACTIVE compounds - Abstract
Abstract: Coated layers of biologically active molecules on synthetic biomaterials and biomedical devices can promote a variety of desirable biological reactions by the host body or the biological medium, such as cell and tissue attachment or deterring bacterial biofilm formation. Such coated layers should be immobilised covalently in order to avoid competitive displacement phenomena, and the use of surface-activating plasmas or plasma polymer interlayers with suitable chemical surface groups has proved to be very convenient means of grafting bioactive molecules onto solid materials surfaces. We review selected work on the covalent immobilisation of proteins and peptides onto solid biomaterial surfaces and describe efforts towards plasma methods that allow biomolecules to be covalently captured in a single step. After reviewing a number of approaches, we discuss in more detail the use of plasma polymer interlayers that possess aldehyde or epoxide surface groups; these groups react readily with amine groups on proteins and peptides without undesirable side reactions, and avoid other issues such as crosslinking. We also emphasise the importance of detailed surface analysis to verify that covalent grafting has indeed taken place, and to assess the surface density of grafted molecules. With suitably chosen peptides or proteins, such covalently grafted layers can support the surface attachment of delicate cells, or combat bacterial biofilm formation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Plasma activated coatings with dual action against fungi and bacteria
- Author
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Bryan R. Coad, Steven G. Wise, Thomas D. Michl, Hans J. Griesser, Kitty K. K. Ho, Naresh Kumar, Carla Giles, Lewis J. Martin, Marcela M.M. Bilek, Behnam Akhavan, Omid Sharifahmadian, Akhavan, Behnam, Michl, Thomas D, Giles, Carla, Ho, Kitty, Martin, Lewis, Sharifahmadian, Omid, Wise, Steven G, Coad, Bryan R, Kumar, Naresh, Griesser, Hans J, and Bilek, Marcela M
- Subjects
antimicrobial peptide ,plasma polymerization ,Antimicrobial peptides ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,General Materials Science ,bacteria ,Candida albicans ,plasma ionimplantation ,biology ,Chemistry ,Biofilm ,Buffer solution ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Antimicrobial ,antimicrobial surfacecoating ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Plasma polymerization ,0104 chemical sciences ,titanium dentalimplant ,Polymerization ,fungi ,0210 nano-technology ,Bacteria - Abstract
In the oral cavity, dental implants are exposed to an environment rich in various microbes that can produce infectious biofilms on the implant surface. Here we report the development of two distinct antimicrobial coatings that prevent biofilm formation by fungi or bacteria. The antimicrobial peptides Mel4 and caspofungin were immobilized on titanium surfaces through reactions with radicals embedded within a mechanically robust, ion-assisted plasma polymerized (PP) film. The immobilization does not require additional chemical reagents and is achieved by simply incubating the surfaces at room temperature in a buffer solution containing the antimicrobial agent. The antibiotic-functionalized surfaces were rigorously washed with hot sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) to remove physisorbed molecules, and analyzed by time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), which revealed characteristic fragments of the peptides and provided strong evidence for the covalent nature of the binding between the molecules and the PP coating. Both Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus pathogens were significantly inhibited in their ability to colonize the surfaces and form biofilms. Our findings suggest that antimicrobial surfaces fabricated using ion-assisted plasma polymerization have great potential for coatings on biomedical devices where activity against fungal and bacterial pathogens is required. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2018
24. Two-dimensional patterning of thin coatings for the control of tissue outgrowth
- Author
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Thissen, Helmut, Johnson, Graham, Hartley, Patrick G., Kingshott, Peter, and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
- *
CHEMICAL reactions , *EPITHELIAL cells , *CELL membranes , *SURFACE energy - Abstract
Abstract: Control of the precise location and extent of cellular attachment and proliferation, and of tissue outgrowth is important in a number of biomedical applications, including biomaterials and tissue engineered medical devices. Here we describe a method to control and direct the location and define boundaries of tissue growth on surfaces in two dimensions. The method relies on the generation of a spatially defined surface chemistry comprising protein adsorbing and non-adsorbing areas that allow control over the adsorption of cell-adhesive glycoproteins. Surface modification was carried out by deposition of thin acetaldehyde and allylamine plasma polymer coatings on silicon wafer and FEP substrates, followed by grafting of a protein resistant layer of poly(ethylene oxide). Spatially controlled patterning of the surface chemistry was achieved by masking during plasma polymerization. XPS and AFM were used to provide evidence of successful surface modifications. Adsorption of the extracellular matrix protein collagen I followed by tissue outgrowth experiments with bovine corneal epithelial tissue for up to 21 days showed that two-dimensional control over tissue outgrowth is achievable with our patterning method over extended time frames. The method promises to be an effective tool for use in a number of in vitro and in vivo applications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. QCM-D and XPS study of protein adsorption on plasma polymers with sulfonate and phosphonate surface groups
- Author
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Kim Shyong Siow, Leanne Britcher, Hans J. Griesser, Sunil Kumar, Siow, Kim S, Britcher, Leanne, Kumar, Sunil, and Griesser, Hans J
- Subjects
Vinyl Compounds ,Plasma Gases ,Surface Properties ,Michael-type addition ,Biocompatible Materials ,Serum Albumin, Human ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Polymerization ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Adsorption ,0103 physical sciences ,Polymer chemistry ,Amines ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,010304 chemical physics ,aging ,Fibrinogen ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,General Medicine ,Polymer ,Quartz crystal microbalance ,heptylamine plasma polymers ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Phosphonate ,Plasma polymerization ,biomaterial interfaces ,Kinetics ,Sulfonate ,chemistry ,Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques ,Muramidase ,Lysozyme ,0210 nano-technology ,Biotechnology ,Protein adsorption - Abstract
As some proteins are known to interact with sulfated and phosphated biomolecules such as specific glycosaminoglycans, this study derives from the hypothesis that sulfonate and phosphonate groups on solid polymer surfaces might cause specific interfacial interactions. Such surfaces were prepared by plasma polymerization of heptylamine (HA) and subsequent grafting of sulfonate or phosphonate groups via Michael-type addition of vinylic compounds. Adsorption of the proteins fibrinogen, albumin (HSA) and lysozyme on these functionalised plasma polymer surfaces was studied by XPS and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). It was also studied whether pre-adsorption with HSA would lead to a passivated surface against further adsorption of other proteins. XPS confirmed grafting of vinyl sulfonate and vinyl phosphonate onto the amine surface and showed that the proteins adsorbed to saturation at between 1 and 2 h. QCM-D showed rapid and irreversible adsorption of albumin on all three surfaces, while lysozyme could be desorbed with PBS to substantial extents from the sulfonated and phosphonated surfaces but not from the amine surface. Fibrinogen showed rapid initial adsorption followed by slower additional mass gain over hours. Passivation with albumin led to small and largely reversible subsequent adsorption of lysozyme, whereas with fibrinogen partial displacement yielded a mixed layer, regardless of the surface chemistry. Thus, protein adsorption onto these sulfonated and phosphonated surfaces is complex, and not dominated by electrostatic charge effects. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2019
26. Plasma polymers containing sulfur and their co-polymers with 1,7-octadiene: Chemical and structural analysis
- Author
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Sunil Kumar, Leanne Britcher, Hans J. Griesser, Kim Shyong Siow, Siow, Kim S, Britcher, Leanne, Kumar, Sunil, and Griesser, Hans J
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Polymers and Plastics ,Dimethyl sulfoxide ,oxidation ,plasma polymerization ,dimethyl sulfoxide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,Plasma ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Sulfur ,surface analysis ,Plasma polymerization ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,octadiene ,chemistry ,sulfur ,0103 physical sciences ,Organic chemistry ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
In comparison with other chemistries, little has been reported on sulfur-containing plasma polymers; reasons include low volatility or high toxicity of monomers. Here, we report on plasma polymerization of dimethyl sulfoxide, by itself and its co-polymerization with 1,7-octadiene to generate S-containing plasma polymers. Results show dominance of S-S, S-H, and S-C with small percentages of SO and SO2. Upon storage in air there were no observable changes to the oxidation states of the S atoms in these plasma polymers, whereas the hydrocarbon component underwent oxidative changes. Methods were studied to oxidize the initial sulfur-containing surface groups, but approaches such as H2O2 treatment post-deposition and electrical biasing during deposition did not affect the oxidation states of the incorporated S. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2017
27. Hyperthermal Intact Molecular Ions Play Key Role in Retention of ATRP Surface Initiation Capability of Plasma Polymer Films from Ethyl α-Bromoisobutyrate
- Author
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Solmaz Saboohi, Hans J. Griesser, Bryan R. Coad, Robert D. Short, Andrew Michelmore, Saboohi, Solmaz, Coad, Bryan R, Michelmore, Andrew, Short, Robert D, and Griesser, Hans J
- Subjects
surface grafting ,plasma polymerization ,ATRP ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,molecular ion ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fragmentation (mass spectrometry) ,Polymer chemistry ,Molecule ,Moiety ,General Materials Science ,Thin film ,ethyl α-bromoisobutyrate ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,hyperthermal polyatomic ions ,Polymer ,Plasma ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Plasma polymerization ,0104 chemical sciences ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,plasma analysis ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
We report a systematic study of the plasma polymerization of ethyl α-bromoisobutyrate (EBIB) to produce thin film coatings capable of serving as ATRP initiation surfaces, for which they must contain α-bromoisobutyryl functional groups. In the deposition of polymeric coatings by plasma polymerization there generally occurs considerable fragmentation of precursor(“monomer”) molecules in the plasma; and the retention of larger structural elements is challenging, particularly when they are inherently chemically labile. Empirical principles such as low plasma power and low pressure are usually utilized. However, we show that the α-bromoisobutyryl structural moiety is labile in a plasma gas phase and in low pressure plasma conditions, below the collisional threshold, there is little retention. At higher pressure, in contrast, fragmentation of this structural motif appears to be reduced substantially, and coatings useful for ATRP initiation were obtained. Mass spectrometry analysis of the composition of the plasma phase revealed that the desired structural moiety can be retained through the plasma, if the plasma conditions are steered toward ions of the precursor molecule. Whereas at low pressure the plasma polymer assembles mainly from various neutral (radical) fragments, at higher pressure the deposition occurs from hyperthermal ions, among which the protonated intactmolecular ion is the most abundant. At higher pressure, a substantial population of ions has low kinetic energy, leading to “soft landing” and thus less fragmentation. This study demonstrates that relatively complex structural motifs in precursor molecule scan be retained in plasma polymerization if the chemical and physical processes occurring in the plasma phase are elucidated and controlled such that desirable larger structural elements play a key role in the film deposition. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2016
28. Chlorine-rich plasma polymer coating for the prevention of attachment of pathogenic fungal cells onto materials surfaces
- Author
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Bryan R. Coad, Thomas D. Michl, Carla Giles, Stephanie J. Lamont-Friedrich, Hans J. Griesser, Lamont-Friedrich, Stephanie J, Michl, Thomas D, Giles, Carla, Griesser, Hans J, and Coad, Bryan R
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,organochlorine polymer ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,plasma polymerization ,02 engineering and technology ,Substrate (printing) ,engineering.material ,biofilm ,03 medical and health sciences ,Coating ,Organic chemistry ,candidaemia ,Thin film ,Candida albicans ,Candida ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,trichloroethane ,Candida glabrata ,biology ,Chemistry ,antifungal coating ,Biofilm ,Polymer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,biology.organism_classification ,Plasma polymerization ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,030104 developmental biology ,Chemical engineering ,engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,biomaterials - Abstract
The attachment of pathogenic fungal cells onto materials surfaces, which is often followed by biofilm formation, causes adverse consequences in a wide range of areas. Here we have investigated the ability of thin film coatings from chlorinated molecules to deter fungal colonization of solid materials by contact killing of fungal cells reaching the surface of the coating. Coatings were deposited onto various substrate materials via plasma polymerization, which is a substrate-independent process widely used for industrial coating applications, using 1,1,2-trichloroethane as the process vapour. XPS surface analysis showed that the coatings were characterized by a highly chlorinated hydrocarbon polymer nature, with only a very small amount of oxygen incorporated. The activity of these coatings against human fungal pathogens was quantified using a recently developed, modified yeast assay and excellent antifungal activity was observed against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Plasma polymer surface coatings derived from chlorinated hydrocarbon molecules may therefore offer a promising solution to preventing yeast and mould biofilm formation on materials surfaces, for applications such as air conditioners, biomedical devices, food processing equipment, and others. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2016
29. Effects of Varying Heptylamine and Propionaldehyde Plasma Polymerization Parameters on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Attachment
- Author
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Marek Jasieniak, Hans J. Griesser, Lisbeth Grøndahl, Anne M. Sandstrom, Justin J. Cooper-White, Sandstrom, Anne M, Jasieniak, Marek, Griesser, Hans J, Grøndahl, Lisbeth, and Cooper-White, Justin J
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Polymers and Plastics ,propionaldehyde ,plasma polymerization ,MSCs ,Propionaldehyde ,Polymer ,Adhesion ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Aldehyde ,Plasma polymerization ,heptylamine ,Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,stem cell attachment ,Monomer ,chemistry ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Polymer chemistry ,Fragmentation (cell biology) - Abstract
This paper investigated the impacts of two deposition times (30 s, 60 s) and discharge powers (20 W, 50 W) on the resultant chemical and physical properties of plasma polymers (pp) formed using heptylamine (HA) or propionaldehyde (PA) monomers. Pinhole-free pp films were formed on all surfaces at deposition rates that varied according to both the time and power employed. XPS and ToF-SIMS analysis showed that power has a more of an effect than time on the chemical properties of the pp, which may be attributed to differences in monomer fragmentation and cross-linking. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) adhesion did not vary on the four different HApp surfaces, whereas a negative correlation between cell attachment and increasing plasma energy was observed on PApp surfaces. This suggests that the presence of oxygenated groups, particularly aldehyde and carboxylic groups, may have a dominant impact on MSC adhesion to these functional polymer substrates. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2012
30. Solid-state capture and real-time analysis of individual T cell activation via self-assembly of binding multimeric proteins on functionalized materials surfaces
- Author
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Hans J. Griesser, Ghafar T. Sarvestani, John D. Hayball, Krasimir Vasilev, Kerrilyn R. Diener, Stefani S. Griesser, Susan N Christo, Diener, Kerrilyn R, Christo, Susan N, Griesser, Stefani S, Sarvestani, Ghafar T, Vasilev, Krasimir, Griesser, Hans J, and Hayball, John D
- Subjects
Streptavidin ,Surface Properties ,T-Lymphocytes ,T cell ,plasma polymerization ,Population ,Biomedical Engineering ,Genes, MHC Class I ,Mice, Transgenic ,Cell Separation ,Lymphocyte Activation ,Biochemistry ,Antibodies ,immune response ,Major Histocompatibility Complex ,Biomaterials ,Mice ,polyfunctional T cells ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,MHC class I ,Calcium flux ,medicine ,Animals ,Antigens ,education ,Molecular Biology ,Fluorescent Dyes ,Immunoassay ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,Chemistry ,Photoelectron Spectroscopy ,Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ,General Medicine ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,tetramers ,Covalent bond ,Docking (molecular) ,Biotinylation ,biology.protein ,Biophysics ,Leukocyte Common Antigens ,Protein Multimerization ,MHC ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Polyfunctional T cell responses are increasingly underpinning new and improved vaccination regimens. Studies of the nature and extent of these T cell responses may be facilitated if specific T cell populations can be assessed from mixed populations by ligand-mediated capture in a solid-state assay format. Accordingly, we report here the development of a novel strategy for the solid-state capture and real-time activation analyses of individual cognate T cells which utilizes a spontaneous self-assembly process for generating multimers of biotinylated class I major histocompatibility-peptide complex (MHCp) directly on the solid-state assay surface while also ensuring stability by covalent interfacial binding. The capture surface was constructed by the fabrication of multilayer coatings onto standard slides. The first layer was a thin polymer coating with surface aldehyde groups, onto which streptavidin was covalently immobilized, followed by the docking of multimers of biotinylated MHCp or biotinylated anti-CD45.1 monoclonal antibody. The high binding strength at each step of this immobilization sequence aims to ensure that artefacts such as (partial) detachment, or displacement by proteins from solution, would not interfere with the intended biological assays. The multilayer coating steps were monitored by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; data indicated that the MHCp proteins self-assembled in a multimeric form onto the streptavidin surface. Immobilized multimeric MHCp demonstrated the capacity to bind and retain antigen-specific T cells from mixed populations of cells onto the solid carrier. Furthermore, real-time confocal microscopic detection and quantification of subsequent calcium flux using paired fluorescent ratiometric probes facilitated the analysis of individual T cell response profiles, as well as population analyses using a combination of individual T cell events. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2012
31. Plasma polymerization of 1,1,1-trichloroethane yields a coating with robust antibacterial surface properties
- Author
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Thomas D. Michl, Bryan R. Coad, Amanda Hüsler, Krasimir Vasilev, Jules D. P. Valentin, Michael R. Doran, Hans J. Griesser, Michl, Thomas D, Coad, Bryan R, Doran, Michael, Husler, Amanda, Valentin, Jules DP, Vasilev, Krasimir, and Griesser, Hans J
- Subjects
antibacterial surfaces ,biology ,Chemistry ,anti-microbial properties ,General Chemical Engineering ,education ,General Chemistry ,engineering.material ,surface coatings ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,Plasma polymerization ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Coating ,Staphylococcus epidermidis ,1,1,1-Trichloroethane ,Polymer chemistry ,engineering ,staphylococcus epidermidis ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Novel, highly chlorinated surface coatings were produced via a one-step plasma polymerization (pp) of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCE), exhibiting excellent antimicrobial properties against the vigorously biofilm-forming bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis.
- Published
- 2014
32. Antifungal coatings by caspofungin immobilization onto biomaterials surfaces via a plasma polymer interlayer
- Author
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Hans J. Griesser, Bryan R. Coad, Marek Jasieniak, Stefani S. Griesser, Griesser, Stefani S., Jasieniak, Marek, Coad, Bryan R., and Griesser, Hans J.
- Subjects
Antifungal Agents ,Polymers ,Surface Properties ,Antifungal drug ,Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Biocompatible Materials ,engineering.material ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Biomaterials ,Echinocandins ,Lipopeptides ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Coating ,Caspofungin ,Humans ,Organic chemistry ,General Materials Science ,caspofungin ,antifungal coatings ,Candida ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aldehydes ,Photoelectron Spectroscopy ,Biofilm ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,Plasma polymerization ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polymerization ,Covalent bond ,Biofilms ,engineering ,Adsorption - Abstract
Not only bacteria but also fungal pathogens, particularly Candida species, can lead to biofilm infections on biomedical devices. By covalent grafting of the antifungal drug caspofungin, which targets the fungal cell wall, onto solid biomaterials, a surface layer can be created that might be able to provide long-term protection against fungal biofilm formation. Plasma polymerization of propionaldehyde (propanal) was used to deposit a thin (~20 nm) interfacial bonding layer bearing aldehyde surface groups that can react with amine groups of caspofungin to form covalent interfacial bonds for immobilization. Surface analyses by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and timeof-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry confirmed the intended grafting and uniformity of the coatings, and durability upon extended washing. Testing for fungal cell attachment and ensuing biofilm formation showed that caspofungin retained activity when covalently bound onto surfaces, disrupting colonizing Candida cells. Mammalian cytotoxicity studies using human primary fibroblasts indicated that the caspofungin-grafted surfaces were selective in eliminating fungal cells while allowing attachment and spreading of mammalian cells. These in vitro data suggest promise for use as antifungal coatings, for example, on catheters, and the use of a plasma polymer interlayer enables facile transfer of the coating method onto a wide variety of biomaterials and biomedical devices. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2015
33. Highly ordered nanometer-scale chemical and protein patterns by binary colloidal crystal lithography combined with plasma polymerization
- Author
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Peter Kingshott, Kristen E. Bremmell, Hans J. Griesser, Gurvinder Singh, Singh, Gurvinder, Griesser, Hans J, Bremmell, Kristen, and Kingshott, Peter
- Subjects
colloidal self assembly ,plasma polmerization ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Substrate (chemistry) ,Nanotechnology ,Colloidal crystal ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Plasma polymerization ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Biomaterials ,Crystal ,Colloid ,colloidal lithography ,protein nanopatterning ,Electrochemistry ,Nanometre ,Self-assembly - Abstract
Surfaces with micro- and nanometer-scale patterns have many potential applications, particularly in lifescience. This article reports on a versatile, straightforward, and inexpensive approach for the creation of chemical patterns using fabricated binary colloid crystals, consisting of small and large particles, as masks for the deposition of an amino-functionalised ultrathin film by plasma polymerization. After removal of the binary colloidal mask, the characterization techniques [scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)] reveal a surface contrast that depicts an ability of the small particles to allow diffusion of the plasma to the substrate. A plasma-polymer film is created under the small particles and the region of substrate in direct contact with the large particle remains uncoated. Numerous types of patterns and feature heights can be produced with good fidelity over areas of several cm² by appropriate tuning of the binary colloid crystal mask morphology and the plasma-polymer deposition time. Finally, the amine groups of the patterned surface are used for covalent grafting poly(ethylene glycol) propionaldehyde (PEG-PALD) by reductive amination under conditions of reduced solubility to produce a patterned surface for directed adsorption of protein. AFM investigations show that the proteins are preferentially attached to the nanometer-scale regions of the pattern without PEG-PALD. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2011
34. Platforms for controlled release of antibacterial agents facilitated by plasma polymerization
- Author
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Karine Anselme, Spomenka Simovic, Krasimir Vasilev, Stefani S. Griesser, Dusan Losic, Lydie Ploux, Hans J. Griesser, Vasilev, Krasimir, Simovic, Spomenka, Losic, Dusan, Griesser, Hans J, Griesser, Stefani, Anselme, Karine, Ploux, Lydie, and 32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS Buenos Aires, Argentina 31 August-4 September 2010
- Subjects
polymer films ,Materials science ,Hot Temperature ,Silver ,Polymers ,Drug Compounding ,Nanotechnology ,Biomedical equipment ,biomedical equipment ,drugs ,Diffusion ,drug delivery systems ,antibacterial activity ,Materials Testing ,silver ,Thin film ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Membranes, Artificial ,Polymer ,plasma materials processing ,Controlled release ,Plasma polymerization ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Polymerization ,chemistry ,Delayed-Action Preparations ,vapour deposition ,Gases ,Antibacterial activity ,polymerisation ,Healthcare system - Abstract
Bacterial infections present an enormous problem causing human suffering and cost burdens to the healthcare systems worldwide. Herein we present several versatile strategies for controlled release of antibacterial agents which include silver ions as well as traditional antibiotics. At the heart of these release platforms is a thin film deposited by plasma polymerization. The use of plasma polymerization makes these strategies applicable to the surface of many types of medical devices since the technique for deposition of a polymer film from plasma in practically substrate independent. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2010
35. Early stages of growth of plasma polymer coatings deposited from nitrogen- and oxygen-containing monomers
- Author
-
Vasilev, Krasimir, Michelmore, Andrew, Martinek, Petr, Chan, Joseph, Sah, Vasu, Griesser, Hans J, and Short, Robert D
- Subjects
acrylic acid ,propionic acid ,plasma polymerization ,allylamine ,n-heptylamine - Abstract
Ultrathin functional coatings deposited by plasma polymerization have utility in nano- and microtechnologies, however, until now very little has been reported to validate the widely held view that these coatings can be deposited onto any type of substrate, without substrate influence. In order to ascertain the role of the substrate in the early stages of plasma growth we address the growth rate and chemistry of plasma polymer coatings from two nitrogen- and two oxygen-containing monomers during the first stages of deposition onto gold and onto thiol MUA-coated gold surfaces. SPR thickness measurements and XPS analyzes indicate the substrate must be taken into account when ultrathin plasma polymer coatings are used for surface modification and we speculate on why this should be so. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2010
36. Sulfonated surfaces by sulfur dioxide plasma surface treatment of plasma polymer films
- Author
-
Siow, Kim S, Britcher, Leanne, Kumar, Sunil, and Griesser, Hans J
- Subjects
plasma polymerization ,plasma polymers ,plasmas ,complex mixtures ,respiratory tract diseases - Abstract
The preparation of thin film coatings with sulfonate and sulfate groups by plasma techniques is not straightforward due to limited volatility of suitable process vapours. We report a combination of plasma polymerisation and plasma treatment, treating heptylamine (HA-SO2) and 1, 7-octadiene (OD-SO2) plasma polymers with sulfur dioxide plasma. HA-SO 2 and OD-SO2 plasma polymer surfaces exhibited different compositions with the latter showing almost twice the amount of sulfur, as well as polysulfonate. Ageing of HA-SO2 plasma polymer surfaces in air or saline solution led to the disappearance of oligomers containing sulfonate and sulfate. Angle-dependent XPS analysis of HA-SO2 plasma polymers suggested that sulfur containing groups reptated into the plasma polymer upon storage after preparation. Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Published
- 2009
37. Caspofungin on ARGET-ATRP grafted PHEMA polymers: Enhancement and selectivity of prevention of attachment of Candida albicans
- Author
-
Harm-Anton Klok, Carla Giles, Kathryn Futrega, Hans J. Griesser, Thomas D. Michl, Piotr Mocny, Bryan R. Coad, Michael R. Doran, Michl, Thomas D, Giles, Carla, Mocny, Piotr, Futrega, Kathryn, Doran, Michael R, Klok, Harm Anton, Griesser, Hans J, and Coad, Bryan R
- Subjects
Antifungal Agents ,Antifungal drug ,General Physics and Astronomy ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Reductive amination ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Biomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Echinocandins ,Lipopeptides ,Coated Materials, Biocompatible ,Caspofungin ,PHEMA polymers ,Polymer chemistry ,Candida albicans ,Cell Adhesion ,General Materials Science ,grafted ,ARGET-ATRP ,polymers ,Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate ,060502 Infectious Agents ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Drug Carriers ,biology ,060113 Synthetic Biology ,Atom-transfer radical-polymerization ,human cells ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Plasma polymerization ,0104 chemical sciences ,110800 MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY ,060505 Mycology ,060000 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES ,chemistry ,Polymerization ,Biofilms ,fungal pathogens ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Free access via publisher's website. There is a need for coatings for biomedical devices and implants that can prevent the attachment of fungal pathogens while allowing human cells and tissue to appose without cytotoxicity. Here, the authors study whether a poly(2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate) (PHEMA) coating can suppress attachment and biofilm formation by Candida albicans and whether caspofungin terminally attached to surface-tethered polymeric linkers can provide additional benefits. The multistep coating scheme first involved the plasma polymerization of ethanol, followed by the attachment of α-bromoisobutyryl bromide (BiBB) onto surface hydroxyl groups of the plasma polymer layer. Polymer chains were grafted using surface initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization with 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, yielding PHEMA layers with a dry thickness of up to 89 nm in 2 h. Hydroxyl groups of PHEMA were oxidized to aldehydes using the Albright–Goldman reaction, and caspofungin was covalently immobilized onto them using reductive amination. While the PHEMA layer by itself reduced the growth of C. albicans biofilms by log 1.4, the addition of caspofungin resulted in a marked further reduction by >4 log units to below the threshold of the test. The authors have confirmed that the predominant mechanism of action is caused by antifungal drug molecules that are covalently attached to the surface, rather than out-diffusing from the coating. The authors confirm the selectivity of surface-attached caspofungin in eliminating fungal, not mammalian cells by showing no measurable toxicity toward the myeloid leukaemia suspension cell line KG-1a.
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