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19 results on '"cytokinine"'

1. Light Regulation of Axillary Bud Outgrowth Along Plant Axes: An Overview of the Roles of Sugars and Hormones

Author

Schneider, Anne, Godin, Christophe, Boudon, Frédéric, Demotes-Mainard, Sabine, Sakr, Soulaiman, Bertheloot, Jessica, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (IRHS), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Simulation et Analyse de la morphogenèse in siliCo (MOSAIC), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), French Region Pays de la Loire, and the program 'Objectif Végétal, Research, Education and Innovation in Pays de la Loire' (supported by the Region Pays de la Loire, Angers Loire Métropole, and the European Regional Development Fund)., Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Angers (UA), Université d'Angers (UA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, Plant Science, Review, régulation hormonale, Cytokinine, apical dominance, absorption de substances nutritives, culture sous serre, Inhibition, Bourgeon, Vegetal Biology, Microbiology and Parasitology, croissance des plantes, food and beverages, Microbiologie et Parasitologie, Agricultural sciences, Sucres, cytokinins, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, sugar, Bio-informatique, bud outgrowth, light, régulation par la lumière, Bioinformatics, R:FR, Lumière, plant nutrition, lcsh:Plant culture, bourgeon apical, branching, métabolisme du sucre, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:SB1-1110, Substance de croissance végétale, hormones, nutrition des plantes, Ramification, [INFO.INFO-BI]Computer Science [cs]/Bioinformatics [q-bio.QM], Biologie végétale, Sciences agricoles
Abstract

Apical dominance, the process by which the growing apical zone of the shoot inhibits bud outgrowth, involves an intricate network of several signals in the shoot. Auxin originating from plant apical region inhibits bud outgrowth indirectly. This inhibition is in particular mediated by cytokinins and strigolactones, which move from the stem to the bud and that respectively stimulate and repress bud outgrowth. The action of this hormonal network is itself modulated by sugar levels as competition for sugars, caused by the growing apical sugar sink, may deprive buds from sugars and prevents bud outgrowth partly by their signaling role. In this review, we analyze recent findings on the interaction between light, in terms of quantity and quality, and apical dominance regulation. Depending on growth conditions, light may trigger different pathways of the apical dominance regulatory network. Studies pinpoint to the key role of shoot-located cytokinin synthesis for light intensity and abscisic acid synthesis in the bud for R:FR in the regulation of bud outgrowth by light. Our analysis provides three major research lines to get a more comprehensive understanding of light effects on bud outgrowth. This would undoubtedly benefit from the use of computer modeling associated with experimental observations to deal with a regulatory system that involves several interacting signals, feedbacks, and quantitative effects.

Published
2019

2. CHASE-Containing Histidine Kinase Receptors in Apple Tree: From a Common Receptor Structure to Divergent Cytokinin Binding Properties and Specific Functions

Author

Daudu, Dimitri, Allion, Elsa, Liesecke, Franziska, Papon, Nicolas, Courdavault, Vincent, Dugé de Bernonville, Thomas, Mélin, Céline, Oudin, Audrey, Clastre, Marc, Lanoue, Arnaud, Courtois, Martine, Pichon, Olivier, Giron, David, Carpin, Sabine, Giglioli-Guivarc’h, Nathalie, Crèche, Joël, Besseau, Sébastien, Glévarec, Gaëlle, Biomolécules et biotechnologies végétales (BBV EA 2106), Université de Tours (UT), Groupe d'Étude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène (GEIHP), Université d'Angers (UA), Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Supported by the Région Centre-Val de Loire, France (SiSCyLi grant). Doctoral Fellow attributed to DD was jointly funded by the Région Centre-Val de Loire, France and the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, France, Université de Tours, Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Parasite (GEIHP)

Subjects
Vegetal Biology, cytokinine, CHASE-containing histidine kinase, fungi, pommier, food and beverages, histidine kinase, Plant Science, récepteur de cytokine, lcsh:Plant culture, yeast complementation assay, cytokinin, protein–protein interaction, Malus domestica, RNAseq data, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:SB1-1110, apple tree, RNA-seq, Biologie végétale, Original Research, pathogen, agent pathogène, expression des gènes
Abstract

Cytokinin signaling is a key regulatory pathway of many aspects in plant development and environmental stresses. Herein, we initiated the identification and functional characterization of the five CHASE-containing histidine kinases (CHK) in the economically important Malus domestica species. These cytokinin receptors named MdCHK2, MdCHK3a/MdCHK3b, and MdCHK4a/MdCHK4b by homology with Arabidopsis AHK clearly displayed three distinct profiles. The three groups exhibited architectural variations, especially in the N-terminal part including the cytokinin sensing domain. Using a yeast complementation assay, we showed that MdCHK2 perceives a broad spectrum of cytokinins with a substantial sensitivity whereas both MdCHK4 homologs exhibit a narrow spectrum. Both MdCHK3 homologs perceived some cytokinins but surprisingly they exhibited a basal constitutive activity. Interaction studies revealed that MdCHK2, MdCHK4a, and MdCHK4b homodimerized whereas MdCHK3a and MdCHK3b did not. Finally, qPCR analysis and bioinformatics approach pointed out contrasted expression patterns among the three MdCHK groups as well as distinct sets of co-expressed genes. Our study characterized for the first time the five cytokinin receptors in apple tree and provided a framework for their further functional studies.

Published
2017

3. Cytokinins in Symbiotic Nodulation: When, Where, What For?

Author

Pascal Gamas, Mathias Brault, Florian Frugier, Marie-Françoise Jardinaud, Laboratoire des interactions plantes micro-organismes (LIPM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay (IPS2 (UMR_9213 / UMR_1403)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INP - PURPAN), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Sud (Paris 11), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Interactions plantes-microorganismes et santé végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Toulouse, Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay ( IPS2 ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Paris Diderot (Paris 7), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), and Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan ( INPT - EI Purpan )

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Cytokinins, Organogenesis, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Plant Science, Root hair, Biology, Plant Root Nodulation, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, cytokinin, Symbiosis, Nitrogen Fixation, Botany, nodulation, cytokinine, food and beverages, Fabaceae, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Cytokinin, Nitrogen fixation, Rhizobium, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Substantial progress has been made in the understanding of early stages of the symbiotic interaction between legume plants and rhizobium bacteria. Those include the specific recognition of symbiotic partners, the initiation of bacterial infection in root hair cells, and the inception of a specific organ in the root cortex, the nodule. Increasingly complex regulatory networks have been uncovered in which cytokinin (CK) phytohormones play essential roles in different aspects of early symbiotic stages. Intriguingly, these roles can be either positive or negative, cell autonomous or non-cell autonomous, and vary, depending on time, root tissues, and possibly legume species. Recent developments on CK symbiotic functions and interconnections with other signaling pathways during nodule initiation are the focus of this review.

Published
2017

4. Plant Hormones: Key Players in Gut Microbiota and Human Diseases?

Author

Benoît Lacombe, Emilie Chanclud, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, acide abscisique, Plant Science, Biology, Gut flora, plant hormone, physiologie de la plante, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, cytokinin, Plant Growth Regulators, Auxin, Botany, abscissins, Humans, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Abscisic acid, chemistry.chemical_classification, Genetics, cytokinine, Depression, fungi, Plant physiology, food and beverages, Assimilation (biology), interaction microorganisme animal, biology.organism_classification, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, 030104 developmental biology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, chemistry, Cytokinin, Plant hormone, Hormone, hormone végétale
Abstract

It is well established that plant hormones such as auxins, cytokinins (CKs), and abscisic acid (ABA) not only govern important plant physiological traits but are key players in plant–microbe interactions. A poorly appreciated fact, however, is that both microbes and animals produce and perceive plant hormones and their mimics. Moreover, dietary plant hormones impact on human physiological process such as glucose assimilation, inflammation, and cell division. This leads us to wonder whether plant hormones could ensure functions in microbes per se as well as in animal–microbe interactions. We propose here and explore the hypothesis that plant hormones play roles in animal–microbiota relationships, with consequences for human health.

Published
2017

5. Impact of the laurina mutation in Coffea arabica L. on semi-dwarfism, cell number and hormonal profiles in hypocotyls of seedlings growing under daylight

Author

Michel Noirot, Geneviève Conejero, Amélie Sarrazin, Julien Hoareau, Isabelle Fock-Bastide, Jean-Luc Verdeil, Irina L. Zaharia, Sophie Adler, UMR Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (UMR PVBMT - INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Plateforme d'histocytologie et d'imagerie cellulaire végétale (PHIV), Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aquatic and Crop Ressource Development, National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Plateforme RIO Imaging (PHIV MRI), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical - Pôle de Protection des Plantes (3P), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
genetic structures, Cell division, Physiology, Dwarfism, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, Plant Science, F50 - Anatomie et morphologie des plantes, Hypocotyl, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Cytokinine, chemistry.chemical_compound, heterocyclic compounds, Auxin, Abscisic acid, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ecology, Plant physiology, food and beverages, Forestry, Coffea arabica, Hypocotyl semi-dwarfism, Physiologie végétale, ABA, Cytokinin, Division cellulaire, Hypocotyl semidwarfism, Développement biologique, Coffea arabica ‘Laurina’, Biology, Botany, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Coffea arabica 'Laurina', fungi, Nanisme, medicine.disease, Auxine, chemistry, Mutation, Hypocotyle
Abstract

Key message Hypocotyl semi-dwarfism in BP was only due to less cell number. Daylight was required to inhibit cell division in the mutant. ABA, IAA and cytokinins would be involved. Abstract Coffea arabica 'Laurina' is a natural mutant of Coffea arabica 'Bourbon' (B) and is known under the trade name 'Bourbon Pointu' (BP). Under daylight, the laurina mutation leads to pleiotropic effects, including semi-dwarf hypocotyls. At the opposite, semi-dwarfism of BP seedlings disappeared under darkness conditions. The first step was to describe the morphological impact of the mutation in seedlings growing under daylight by comparison with seedlings growing under darkness. As the hypocotyl length was mainly affected, the second step was to investigate histological modifications in the organ comparing B and BP seedlings growing under daylight. Result of this investigation indicated that the mutation does not impact on cell length. Moreover, cytometry analyses showed absence of endoreduplication. Actually, the mutation influenced the cell number and this effect appeared before the 40th day after sowing. The length difference of hypocotyls between B and BP was due to lower cell number in BP, indicating possible involvement of phytohormones. Investigations showed the decrease of cytokinin and auxin levels in BP compared to B, while the cytokinin/auxin ratio remained constant in both varieties. By contrast, abscisic acid content increased in BP. Concurrently these results indicate the lowering of cell division, due to the mutation.

Published
2015

6. The AHP6 cytokinin signaling inhibitor mediates an auxin-cytokinin crosstalk that regulates the timing of organ initiation at the shoot apical meristem

Author

Frédérique Rozier, Teva Vernoux, Fabrice Besnard, Reproduction et développement des plantes (RDP), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Short Communication, régulateur du développement des plantes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Organogenesis, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, cytokinin, phyllotaxis, Transcription (biology), Auxin, Arabidopsis, Botany, apical meristems, méristème apical, phyllotaxie, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, shoot apical meristem, 0303 health sciences, patterning, cytokinine, auxine, fungi, food and beverages, Phyllotaxis, Meristem, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, Crosstalk (biology), chemistry, auxin, plant development, Cytokinin, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Phyllotaxis, the spatio-temporal pattern of organogenesis at the shoot apical meristem, emerges in large part from inhibitory fields consisting in auxin-depleted areas centered on organs. We recently demonstrated the existence of an additional hormone-based inhibitory field generated by Arabidopsis Histidine Phosphotransfer Protein 6 (AHP6), an inhibitor of cytokinin signaling. We have shown that the spatio-temporal distribution of AHP6 in the meristem is essential for optimizing the rhythmicity of organ initiation. Here, we further analyzed AHP6 expression using fluorescent whole mount mRNA in situ hybridization and demonstrate a precise control of AHP6 level and expression domain over time. While we previously showed a regulation of AHP6 directly downstream of auxin, we show here that AHP6 transcription is unlikely influenced by cytokinin distribution in the meristem. Finally, we provide evidence that cytokinins and auxin might act synergistically during organ initiation, providing a plausible explanation for how AHP6 regulates phyllotaxis.

Published
2014

7. Cytokinin Production by the Rice Blast Fungus Is a Pivotal Requirement for Full Virulence

Author

Emilie Chanclud, Anna Kisiala, Antoine Gravot, Jean-Benoit Morel, Thomas Kroj, Neil R. J. Emery, Corinne Romiti-Michel, Aurélie Ducasse, Véronique Chalvon, Morel, Jean-Benoit, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2), Biology Department (Science Faculty), Universidade do Porto, University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz, Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Agropolis and Cariplo Fondations : 1201-001, French ANR program 'Investissement d'Avenir' : ANR-10-LABX-0001-01, Canadian NSERC Discovery Grant, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and ANR-10-LABX-0001,AGRO,Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development(2010)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Leaves, Cytokinins, Rice Blast Fungus, Mutant, Plant Science, champignon pathogène, Biochemistry, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Transcriptional regulation, Plant defense against herbivory, Biology (General), Plant Hormones, pathologie végétale, cytokinine, Plant Biochemistry, Effector, Plant Anatomy, Plant Fungal Pathogens, Fungal genetics, food and beverages, Agriculture, Plants, Agricultural sciences, Cell biology, Magnaporthe, Plant Physiology, Cytokinin, Research Article, QH301-705.5, Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Genes, Fungal, Immunology, Plant Pathogens, Virulence, Crops, Mycology, Biology, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Model Organisms, Plant and Algal Models, Virology, Botany, Genetics, Fungal Genetics, Plant Defenses, Grasses, Molecular Biology, Gene, Plant Diseases, fungi, Organisms, Fungi, Biology and Life Sciences, RC581-607, Plant Pathology, Phytopathologie et phytopharmacie, Hormones, maladie des plantes, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, Plant Leaves, virulence, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, oryza, maladie virale, Parasitology, Rice, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Sciences agricoles, Crop Science, Cereal Crops, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Plants produce cytokinin (CK) hormones for controlling key developmental processes like source/sink distribution, cell division or programmed cell-death. Some plant pathogens have been shown to produce CKs but the function of this mimicry production by non-tumor inducing pathogens, has yet to be established. Here we identify a gene required for CK biosynthesis, CKS1, in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. The fungal-secreted CKs are likely perceived by the plant during infection since the transcriptional regulation of rice CK-responsive genes is altered in plants infected by the mutants in which CKS1 gene was deleted. Although cks1 mutants showed normal in vitro growth and development, they were severely affected for in planta growth and virulence. Moreover, we showed that the cks1 mutant triggered enhanced induction of plant defenses as manifested by an elevated oxidative burst and expression of defense-related markers. In addition, the contents of sugars and key amino acids for fungal growth were altered in and around the infection site by the cks1 mutant in a different manner than by the control strain. These results suggest that fungal-derived CKs are key effectors required for dampening host defenses and affecting sugar and amino acid distribution in and around the infection site., Author Summary The role of plant-like hormonal compounds produced by fungal pathogens during infection has not been elucidated. Here we identified a conserved gene in most fungi, required for cytokinin production by the rice blast fungus and for its full virulence. Fungal-derived cytokinins are likely potent inhibitors of plant immunity. They are also needed to maintain elevated sugar contents at the site of infection and to drain or consume essential amino acids at, and around, the infection site. Thus, cytokinins represent the second example, after the bacterially-produced coronatine, of plant hormones hijacked by pathogens to successfully invade plant tissues. These findings also suggest that this invasion strategy could be widely conserved among fungi.

Published
2016

8. Isolation of two cytokinin metabolites from the rhizosphere of Norway spruce seedlings (Picea abies L. Karst.)

Author

Klaus von Schwartzenberg, M. Bonnet-Masimbert, Patrick Doumas, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), and Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (UAGPF)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, arbre forestier, Physiology, gas chromatography, Metabolite, mass spectrum analysis, chromatographie en phase gazeuse, Hydroculture, Plant Science, résineux, forest tree, 01 natural sciences, cytokinin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, spectrométrie de masse, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, métabolisme, 030304 developmental biology, EPICEA COMMUN, 0303 health sciences, Rhizosphere, cytokinine, biology, softwood forest tree, Plant physiology, Picea abies, biology.organism_classification, chemistry, Biochemistry, Cytokinin, Isopentenyladenosine, Zeatin, picea abies, rhizosphère, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Roots of young Norway spruce seedlings were incubated under hydroculture conditions in a synthetic nutrient medium containing either 3H-isopentenyladenosine, isopentenyladenosine or zeatin riboside. When feeding with 3H-isopentenyladenosine a new radiaolabelled metabolite was found in the feeding solution as well as in root extracts. Isopentenyladenosine and zeatin riboside were metabolised and for both compounds an unknown metabolite was detected in the feeding solution. The metabolites were purified by solid phase extraction, HPLC and partially characterised. A major characteristic of the metabolites is their reactivity in the presence of NH4OH, which results in the formation of the cytokinin bases isopentenyladenine or zeatin, respectively. UV-spectra and the chemical characteristics indicate that the new metabolites are closely related. The GC-MS analysis revealed, that the metabolites are true derivatives of isopentenyladenine and zeatin. The biogenesis of the new metabolites is discussed with regard to plant microbial interactions.

Published
1994

9. Enhancement of the endogenous cytokinin concentration in poplar by transformation with Agrobacterium T-DNA gene ipt

Author

Gilles Pilate, Patrick Doumas, Lise Jouanin, K. von. Schwartzenberg, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (UAGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, arbre forestier, Physiology, Agrobacterium, populus, Plant Science, forest tree, 01 natural sciences, zeatin, feuillu, cytokinin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, parasitic diseases, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, heterocyclic compounds, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, métabolisme, transgenic plant, 030304 developmental biology, Plant stem, 0303 health sciences, cytokinine, biology, zéatine, zéatine riboside, fungi, food and beverages, gène ipt, biology.organism_classification, agrobacterium tumefaciens, Transformation (genetics), chemistry, Cytokinin, Shoot, PEUPLIER, bacteria, plante transgénique, isopentenyladenosine, Isopentenyladenosine, Zeatin, broad-leaved tree, 010606 plant biology & botany, Explant culture
Abstract

The agrobacterial isopentenyltransferase (ipt) gene, under the control of its native promoter, was transferred to poplar (Populus tremula x P. alba) by an Agrobacterium co-cultivation method. The ipt-transformed stem explants developed calli that regenerated many buds in the absence of exogenous cytokinins. Microcuttings of the ipt transformants exhibited frequently branching shoots with short internodes that were unable to root. In this material, the concentrations of zeatin, zeatin riboside and isopentenyladenosine, determined by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were 4.8-. 17.1- and 14.6-fold higher, respectively, than in non-transformed shoots. Results are discussed with regard to cytokinin metabolism.

Published
1994

10. Metabolism of isopentenyladenosine in the roots of Norway spruce seedlings exposed to nutritive stress

Author

K. von. Schwartzenberg, Patrick Doumas, M. Bonnet-Masimbert, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (UAGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Revues Inra, Import, and Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, arbre forestier, marquage isotopique, Plant Science, résineux, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, forest tree, isotope labelling, chemistry.chemical_compound, cytokinin, stress, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, métabolisme, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, substrat de culture, 2. Zero hunger, EPICEA COMMUN, cytokinine, biology, Chemistry, softwood forest tree, Picea abies, Metabolism, biology.organism_classification, root, racine, Cytokinin, isopentenyladenosine, [SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Isopentenyladenosine, picea abies, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

De jeunes plantules d'epicea (Picea abies) ont ete plantes sur un milieu pauvre contenant des ions Al 3+ (0,8 mM, stress) et sur un milieu sans Al 3+ bien fourni en nutriments (temoin). Apres marquage avec de l'isopentenyladenosine tritiee, via les racines, le metabolisme des cytokinines dans les racines a ete compare chez les plants temoins et chez les plants stresses. Les profils de radioactivite, obtenus apres HPLC, a partir des extraits racinaires, montrent que l'isopentenyladenosine est principalement degrade en isopentenyladenosine et adenine ou adenosine. Les plantules stressees et non stressees different clairement dans leur distribution radioactive pour les differents metabolites. Les marquages montrent que la degradation de l'isopentenyladenosine est fortement retardee dans les racines des plantules stressees. Les resultats sont discutes en fonction des cytokinines endogenes chez l'epicea, affecte par le nouveau type de deperissement des forets

Published
1995

11. Effects of the genetic transformation with the isopentenyltransferase gene on poplar

Author

Gilles Pilate, Lise Jouanin, Patrick Doumas, K. von. Schwartzenberg, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (UAGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
Genetics, arbre forestier, cytokinine, fungi, food and beverages, Plant Science, populus, gène ipt, Biology, Phenotype, forest tree, chemistry.chemical_compound, cytokinin, chemistry, Cytokinin, PEUPLIER, Transferase, genetic transformation, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, transformation génétique, Gene
Abstract

Effets de la transformation genetique avec le gene de l'isopentenyltransferase chez le peuplier

Published
1993

12. Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) clonal fidelity : endogenous cytokinins and indoleacetic acid in embryogenic callus cultures

Author

R. Maldiney, Jean-Luc Verdeil, Yves Duval, Emile Miginiac, I. Besse, and Bruno Sotta

Subjects
CULTURE IN VITRO, Physiology, Plant Science, Elaeis guineensis, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Cytokinine, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tissue culture, AIA, MULTIPLICATION VEGETATIVE, chemistry.chemical_classification, Culture in vitro, Cal, CAL, food and beverages, EMBRYOGENESE SOMATIQUE, Inflorescence, ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE, Cytokinin, Milieu de culture, Biology, Auxin, TEST ELISA, Botany, CLONE, Mesure, CYTOKININE, Technique analytique, Analyse de tissus, Substance de croissance végétale, fungi, biology.organism_classification, Auxine, Développement embryonnaire, Elaeis, chemistry, Callus, Subculture (biology)
Abstract

Endogcnous levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins were measured in the two types of callus of oil palm (Elaeis guirzeerzsis Jacq.) by an HPLC-ELISA, methodology. The Nodular Compact Callus (NCC) is commonly used to establish stablc embryoid strains ensuring clonal fidelity (5 5% abnormal plants) while the soft and friable callus, called Fast Growing Callus (FGC), leads to the malformation of inflorescences in regenerated plants (100% abnormal plants). The most striking result was that no significant amounts of cytokinins were detected in FGC whereas they accumulated in NCC. These trends were reproducible during a subculture time. By contrast. IAA levels were not significantly different between each type of callus of the four clones tested. Endogenous cytokinin levels can be considered as markers of the physiological status of the callus. whatevcr the clone. There appears to be a close relationship between the ability of FGC to regenerate plants with abnormal inflorescences and low levels of cytokinins. The different mechanisms leading to the formation of FGC are discusscd.

Published
1992

13. Influence of exogenous hormones on somatic embryogenesis in Hevea brasiliensis

Author

Marc-Philippe Carron, Jean D'Auzac, and I. El Hadrami

Subjects
Graine, Somatic embryogenesis, Plant Science, Exogenous hormones, Embryon somatique, F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes, Cytokinine, chemistry.chemical_compound, Auxin, Botany, Embryogénèse somatique, chemistry.chemical_classification, Cal, biology, Viral tegument, biology.organism_classification, Développement embryonnaire, Auxine, Hevea brasiliensis, chemistry, Micropropagation, Cytokinin, Culture de tissu
Abstract

L'obtention d'embryons somatiques a partir du tegument interne de la graine d'hevea est difficile. Comme d'autres plantes ligneuses l'hevea semble etre recalcitrant a l'embryogenese somatique. Les experiences decritent dans cet article montrent que lorsque les quantites usuelles d'acide 3,4-dichlorophenoacetique (3,4-D) et de benzylaminopurine (BAP)sont reduites a la moitie ou au quart et que le temps d'exposition a ces hormones est egalement reduit, la capacite embryogene des cals augmente sans affecter la callogenese. Une germination de quelques embryons ainsi que le developpement de plantules ont ete obtenus. Les auteurs en concluent qu'un exces d'auxine et de cytokinine dans le milieu et une exposition prolongee a ces hormones inhibent la capacite embryogene des cals. (traduction du resume d'auteur)

Published
1991

14. Seasonal changes in levels of cytokinin-like compounds from Douglas-fir xylem extrudate

Author

Joe B. Zaerr, Patrick Doumas, College of Forestry [Corvallis], Oregon State University (OSU), and ProdInra, Archive Ouverte

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, arbre forestier, Physiology, Plant Science, xylem, résineux, forest tree, seve, 01 natural sciences, DOUGLAS, Zeatin riboside, cytokinin, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Botany, sap, 030304 developmental biology, Douglas fir, seasonal variation, 0303 health sciences, cytokinine, xylème, softwood forest tree, Xylem, Riboside, pseudotsuga menziesii, 3. Good health, variation saisonnière, chemistry, Cytokinin, [SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Isopentenyladenosine, Zeatin, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

25 ref.; High-performance liquid chromatography, immunochromatography, and radioimmunoassay were used to identify cytokinin-like bases and glycosides in xylem sap of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco). Isopentenyladenosine-type (isopentenyladenine and isopentenyladenosine) and zeatin-riboside type (zeatin, zeatin riboside, and dihydrozeatin riboside) cytokinins were detected during springtime. A glucosyl conjugate of zeatin riboside was also present in small amounts. Levels of cytokinin-like compounds varied throughout the spring but were generally highest in late April to early May.

Published
1988

15. Etude des substances de croissance endogenes du Douglas. I.Analyse des Cytokinines

Author

C. Joseph, N. Imbault, Patrick Doumas, M. Bonnet-Masimbert, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Revues Inra, Import, and Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (UAGPF)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, arbre forestier, Plant growth, Endogeny, Plant Science, résineux, phytohormone, Biology, forest tree, 01 natural sciences, DOUGLAS, cytokinin, chemistry.chemical_compound, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Botany, heterocyclic compounds, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, technique elisa, Douglas fir, flowering, régulateur de croissance, radioimmunoassay, cytokinine, floraison, chromatographie d'immunoaffinité, fungi, indirect elisa, softwood forest tree, food and beverages, pseudotsuga menziesii, 3. Good health, chemistry, Cytokinin, dosage radioimmunologique, [SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Study of endogenous plant growth substances in Douglas-Fir : I. Cytokinin analysis

Published
1989

16. Internal levels of plant growth regulators during in vitro culture of wild cherry (Prunus avium L.)

Author

D. Cornu, B. Sotta, Philippe Label, E. Miginiac, and Revues Inra, Import

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, arbre forestier, régulateur de croissance, 0303 health sciences, Plant growth, cytokinine, auxine, culture in vitro, MERISIER, Plant Science, phytohormone, Biology, 01 natural sciences, In vitro, feuillu, 03 medical and health sciences, Prunus, substance endogène, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, prunus avium, Botany, [SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience

Published
1989

17. Induction de la floraison chez les coniferes : de l'application de gibberellines a l'analyse de l'integration de differents facteurs

Author

M. Bonnet-Masimbert, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Revues Inra, Import

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, arbre forestier, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FACTEUR CULTURAL, media_common.quotation_subject, Plant Science, Biology, résineux, 01 natural sciences, Promotion (rank), [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Simple (abstract algebra), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, pinus halepensis, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, INDUCTION FLORALE, régulateur de croissance, cytokinine, PIN D'ALEP, ACIDE ABSCISSIQUE, marquage biochimique, facteur milieu, gibbérelline, éthylène, Gibberellin, Biochemical engineering, [SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, 010606 plant biology & botany
Published
1989

18. Culture in vitro d'embryons isoles de noyer commun (Juglans regia L. )

Author

D. Cornu, C. Jay-Allemand, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, arbre forestier, Sucrose, culture in vitro, juglans regia, Plant Science, Biology, phytohormone, 01 natural sciences, feuillu, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tissue culture, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Botany, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, cytokinine, Embryo, Juglandaceae, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, noyer, sucre, chemistry, embryon, Cytokinin, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

La technique in vitro de production de pousses à partir des axes embryonnaires de noyer dépend successivement de deux facteurs : - la concentration en saccharose qui, utilisée à 20 ou 40 g/1, permet d’obtenir des plantules enracinées sur un milieu simple de KNOP dilué de moitié, après 60 jours de culture ; - la N6-benzylaminopurine à 1 mg/1 qui déclenche après 30 jours de culture la formation de pousses axillaires sur des épicotyles excisés des plantules précédentes et ensemencés sur le milieu de MILLER à 20 g/1 de saccharose., The main objective of the walnut improvement program of the Forest Tree Improvement Station (INRA-Orléans) is the vegetative propagation of hybrids created by controlled cross. For that purpose, establishment of an in vitro micropropagation technique from embryos could save much time. In this work, we present the technique used to obtain good development of isolated embryos of Juglans regia L. Two main factors studied were the concentration of sucrose in the culture medium and the effect of N6-Benzylaminopurine. 1) Sucrose effect. Naked embryos were transferred from disinfected nuts to Knop’s medium supplemented with sucrose at 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 g/1. After 50 days of culture (tabl. 1 and fig. 1) the best growth of epicotyls and roots was obtained with 20 g/1 of sucrose. Low concentration (less than 40 g/1) promoted epicotyl growth whereas high concentration (80 g/1) increased root growth. When sucrose was absent or at too high concentration (160 g/1) embryo development did not occure. In all treatments the epicotyls of embryos formed a terminal bud and 10 to 16 lateral buds in two rows. None of those buds flushed. 2) Effect of N6-Benzylaminopurine. The developed embryos obtained on the medium showing the best growth (knop 1 /2 and sucrose 20 g/1) were transferred, with and without roots to the medium of Miller supplemented or not with BAP 1 mg/1 or BAP 1 mg/1 and GA3 10 mg/1. Flushing of at least one bud per plant occured only if there is BAP in the medium (tabl. 2). On BAP alone the mean number of buds elongated per explant was about 2 times greater on excised epicotyls than on whole embryos. There was a depressive effect of GA3 on elongation of buds particularly on excised epicotyls. Apparently there is a strong effect of roots on the development of buds. With this technique, we are able to establish directly walnut embryos in in vitro culture, the first step for a mass micropropagation process.

Published
1986

19. Variation de la teneur en cytokinines endogenes au cours de l'induction florale chez le Douglas : effets d'application exogenes

Author

M. Bonnet-Masimbert, N. Imbault, C. Joseph, Patrick Doumas, Revues Inra, Import, Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (UAGPF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité de recherche Amélioration, Génétique et Physiologie Forestières (AGPF)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, hplc chromatography, arbre forestier, Endogeny, Plant Science, Biology, DOUGLAS, INDUCTION FLORALE, résineux, 01 natural sciences, forest tree, chromatographie hplc, 03 medical and health sciences, cytokinin, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, heterocyclic compounds, skin and connective tissue diseases, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Douglas fir, 0303 health sciences, régulateur de croissance, Vegetal Biology, radioimmunoassay, cytokinine, fungi, softwood forest tree, food and beverages, pseudotsuga menziesii, dosage radioimmunologique, sense organs, [SDV.SA.SF] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Biologie végétale, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Changes in endogenous cytokinins during flowering induction in Douglas fir : effects of exogenous applications

Published
1989

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