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The data on 31 species of lichenicolous fungi (Abrothallus caerulescens, Arthonia phaeophysciae, Athelia arachnoidea, Cercidospora macrospora, Clypeococcum hypocenomycis, Cornutispora lichenicola, Erythricium aurantiacum, Heterocephalacria physciacearum, Intralichen christiansenii, Lichenochora obscuroides, Lichenoconium erodens, L. lecanorae, L. usneae, Lichenodiplis lecanorae, Lichenostigma cosmopolites, Lichenothelia convexa, L. scopularia, Marchandiomyces corallinus, Monodictys epilepraria, Muellerella pygmaea, M. erratica, Pronectria leptaleae, Pyrenochaeta xanthoriae, Sclerococcum sphaerale, Sphaerellothecium propinquellum, Stigmidium fuscatae, S. squamariae, S. xanthoparmeliarum, Taeniolella phaeophysciae, T. punctata, Xanthoriicola physciae) new to the Teteriv River Basin are provided. Further five species (Cercidospora crozalsiana, Lichenostigma epipolina, Lichenothelia tenuissima, Polysporina subfuscescens and Taeniolella beschiana) are new to Ukraine. Additional localities for all newly reported species are listed.

A synopsis of the known lichenicolous fungi associated with Phlyctis is presented that discusses 14 species and includes an identification key. Monodictys phlyctidis is described as new to science and considered host specific on P. speirea in eastern North America.

Two unknown enantiomeric compounds, named (R)- and (S)-taeniolin, along with six known compounds, were isolated from the marine-associated fungus Taeniolella sp. BCC31839. Chemical structures were determined by NMR spectroscopic techniques, and the absolute configurations were confirmed by Mosher application together with CD spectral analyses. Both were inactive for antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum) and bacteria (Mycobacerium tuberculosis and Bacillus cereus) at maximum tested concentration.

This paper contributes 96 species to the biota of lichenicolous fungi in the South Shetland Islands archipelago. New to science are the following genera: Antarctosphaeria Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., Dahawkswia Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., Lichenohostes Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., Llanorella Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., Phaeosporodendron Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov., and Prostratomyces Alstrup & Olech, gen. nov. Additionally, 31 species are described as new to science. These are: Antarctosphaeria bireagens Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. lichenicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Arthonia dufayelensis Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. livingstonensis Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. massalongiae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. pertusariicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., A. rakusae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Carbonea austroshetlandica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Cercidospora pertusariicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Dactylospora antarctica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., D. haematommatis Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Dahawkswia lichenicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Dendrophoma acarosporae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Didymellopsis antarctica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Lichenohostes citrinospora Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Lichenostigma corymbosae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Llanorella ramalinae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Metasphaeria verrucosa Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Micarea lichenicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Phaeospora antarctica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., P. convolutae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Phaeosporodendron badiae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Phoma acarosporae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Prostratomyces leprariae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., P. ochrolechiae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., P. rhizocarpicolae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Rhagadostoma antarctica Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Sphaerellothecium placopsiicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Stigmidium placopsiicola Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., Taeniolella frigidae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov., and Tetramelas caloplacae Alstrup & Olech, sp. nov. Furthermore, a literature survey was undertaken, which resulted in the preparation of an identification guide for the lichenicolous species occurring in the South Shetlands Islands.

New species of dematiaceous Hyphomycetes occurring on dead wood of deciduous trees in Poland are described: Bactrodesmium xerophilum, Corynespora quercicola, Septonema binum and Taeniolella dichotoma.

Nineteen species of lichenicolous fungi collected in 129 localities in Poland in the years 1968 and 1970-2003 are reported in the paper. They are as follows: Athelia arachnoidea (Berk.) Jülich, Tremella cladoniae Diederich et M.S. Chrst., T. hypogymniae Diederich et M.S. Chris., T. lichecola Diederich, Clypeococcum hypocenomycis D. Hawksw., Polycoccum superficiale D. Hawksw. et Miądlikowska, Nectria lecanodes Ces., Pronectria erythrinella (Nyl.) Lowen, Cortocifraga fuckelii (Rehm) D. Hawksw. et R. Sant., C. peltigerae (Nyl.) D. Hawksw. et R. Sant., Libertiella malmedyensis Speg. et Roum., Lichenoconium erodens M.S. Christ. et D. Hawksw., L. lecanorae (Jaap) D. Hawksw., L. pyxidatae (Oudem.) Petrak et Sydow, Vouauxiella lichenicola (Lindsay) Petrak et Sydow, Bispora christiansenii D. Hawksw., Illosporium carneum Fr., Karsteniomyces peltigerae (P. Karst.) D. Hawksw. and Taeniolella beschiana Diederich.

The article presents a distribution atlas of 166 taxa of lichens and 15 species of lichenicolous fungi growing in the Bolimów Landscape Park and its protection zone (Central Poland), collected between 1982-1984 and 1996-2003. Relevant data available in the literature on the subject as well as the data deposited in the Herbarium of Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi (LOD) arę additionally provided. The ATPOL (ATLICHEN) grid sąuare system was used to examine the distribution of lichens and lichenicolous fungi. The taxa discussed in the article comprise as many as 40 threatened species (acc. to the Red List Categories: CR - 2 species, EN - 6, VU - 18, NT - 13, DD - 1), 34 protected species in Poland, and 5 indicators of old-growth forests. The most noteworthy lichens and lichenicolous fungi (*) are: Absconditella lignicola, Biatora ocelliformis, Protoparmelia hypotremella, Stereum subtomentosum, Trapeliopsis pseudogranulosa, *Phaeopyxis punctum and *Taeniolella beschiana.

This study reports twelve species of cladoniicolous fungi from Turkey. Nine of these taxa, i.e. Abrothallus cladoniae R. Sant. & D. Hawksw., Epicladonia stenospora (Harm.) D. Hawksw., Lichenosticta alcicornaria (Linds.) D. Hawksw., Lichenoconium aeruginosum Diederich, M. Brand, van den Boom & Lawrey, Phoma foliaceiphila Diederich, Kocourk. & Etayo, Scutula cladoniicola Alstrup & D. Hawksw., Sphaerellothecium cladoniicola E. S. Hansen & Alstrup, Syzygospora bachmannii Diederich & M. S. Christ., and Taeniolella beschiana Diederich, are new records for Turkey. A key to these 12 species of lichenicolous fungi on Cladonia species is provided.

Collections of woody debris from streams in a lower montaine cloud forest in Peru yielded a novel fungus with affinities to the family Annulatascaceae. Characters which place it in the family Annulatascaceae sensu lato include ascomata which are brown pigmented; long periphysate necks; long tapering septate paraphyses; unitunicate, pedicellate asci with a prominent bipartite Japical ring; and ascospores with a gelatinous sheath. Examination of morphological characters provided a diagnosis which did not fit with existing genera and species in this family. The combination of features that distinguish this fungus are a pigmented ascoma with a neck which is hyaline at the apex and has prominent black hairs, fasciculate asci with a spine-like pedicellar extension, and versicolored ascospores which are constricted at the midseptum. The fungus also produces its anamorphic state in culture which is the first record of an asexual state in the Annulatascaceae. The new genus Chaetorostrum is erected to accommodate this undescribed fungus. The type species of Chaetorostrum, C. quincemilensis is described, illustrated and compared with other morphologically similar taxa in the family.

Um inventário de fungos conidiais foi realizado em seis áreas de extrema importância biológica do bioma Caatinga. Foram identificadas 41 espécies, com Dactylaria cazorlii Mercado, Gené & Guarro e Thozetella queenslandica Paulus, P.Gadek & K.D. Hyde descritas pela segunda vez para a ciência. Ellisembia bambusae (M.B. Ellis) W.P. Wu, Gonytrichum mirabile Hol.-Jech., Uberispora tropicalis Bhat & W.B. Kendr. constituem novas ocorrências para o continente americano; Acrophragmis coronata Kiffer & Reisinger, Bactrodesmium linderi (J.L. Crane & Shearer) M.E. Palm & E.L. Stewart, Piricauda cochinensis (Subram.) M.B. Ellis e Taeniolella alta (Ehrenb.) S. Hughes novas ocorrências para a América do Sul; Sporoschisma saccardoi E.W. Mason & S. Hughes e Stachylidium bicolor var. bicolor Link novas ocorrências para o Brasil e Paraceratocladium bacilliformis Calduch, Stchigel, Gene & Guarro nova citação para o semi-árido brasileiro. As novas ocorrências são descritas, ilustradas e comentadas e é incluída uma lista com as demais espécies encontradas. An inventory of the conidial fungi was carried in six areas of extreme biological importance of the Caatinga biome. Forty one species were identified: Dactylaria cazorlii Mercado, Gené & Guarro and Thozetella queenslandica Paulus, P.Gadek & K.D. Hyde are described the second time for science; Ellisembia bambusae (M.B. Ellis) W.P. Wu, Gonytrichum mirabile Hol.-Jech., Uberispora tropicalis Bhat & W.B. Kendr. constitute new records for the American continent; Acrophragmis coronata Kiffer & Reisinger, Bactrodesmium linderi (J.L. Crane & Shearer) M.E. Palm & E.L. Stewart, Piricauda cochinensis (Subram.) M.B. Ellis, Taeniolella alta (Ehrenb.) S. Hughes are new records for South America; Sporoschisma saccardoi E.W. Mason & S. Hughes and Stachylidium bicolor var. bicolor Link are new records for Brasil and Paraceratocladium bacilliformis Calduch, Stchigel, Gene & Guarro is a new record for the Brazilian semi-arid region. The new records are described, illustrated and commented and a check list with all species found is included.

AA, A. R. & J. A. SJASTAD. 2000. Schmidt hammer age evaluation of the moraine sequence in front of Boyabreen, western Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 80: 27–32. 5 fig. 2 tab. [Includes lichenometric data using Rhizocarpon geographicum.] AARKROG, A., H. DAHLGAARD & S. P. NIELSEN. 2000. Environmental radioactive contamination in Greenland: a 35 years retrospect. Science of the Total Environment 245: 233–248. 11 fig. 6 tab. AGUIRRE-HUDSON, B. 2001. [Review] F. S. Dobson. Lichens. An Illustrated Guide to the British and Irish Species, Edn. 4. 431 pp. Richmond Publishing, Slough, UK. 2000 (2001). Bibliography of Systematic Mycology 11: xxxii–xxxiii. AGUIRRE-HUDSON, B. 2001. [Review] G. Kantvilas & S. J. Jarman. Lichens of Rainforest in Tasmania and SouthEastern Australia. Flora of Australia Suppl. Series 9: 1–212. 1999. Bibliography of Systematic Mycology 11: xxxiii–xxxiv. ALSTRUP, V. & E. S. HANSEN. 2001. New lichens and lichenicolous fungi from Greenland. Graphis Scripta 12: 41–50. 12 fig. [New: Servitia M. S. Christ. & Alstrup gen. nov.,S. inconspicuum (Lynge) M. S. Christ. & Alstrup, Arthonia aspiciliaesp. nov. (on Aspicilia elevata), Arthonia glacialissp. nov. (on Rhizoplaca melanophthalma), Merismatium thamnoliicolumsp. nov. (on Thamnolia vermicularis), Niesslia kununguakiisp. nov. (on dead Arthrorhaphis alpina), Phaeopyxis muscigenaesp. nov. (on Physconia muscigena), Phaeospora verrucariaesp. nov. (on Verrucaria placynthiae), Rhizocarpon cleptophilumsp. nov. (on Acarospora picea), Sagiolechia parasiticasp. nov. (on Hymenelia cyanocarpa), Skyttea arenicolasp. nov. (apparently a saprophyte, but associated with various lichens), Taeniolella ionaspisicolasp. nov. (on Ionaspis odora), Verrucaria placynthiaesp. nov. (on Placynthium nigrum).] ALVES, R. J. V. & J. KOLBEK. 1993. Penumbral rock communities in campo rupestre sites in Brazil. Journal of Vegetation Science 4: 357–366. 3 fig. 1 tab. 2 append. [Includes a few lichens, mostly undetermined.] ALVES, R. J. V. & J. KOLBEK. 2000. Primary succession on quartzite cliffs in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Biologia [Bratislava] 55: 69–83. 2 fig. 2 photo. 2 tab. [Lichens only briefly considered.] ANGOLD, P. G. 1997. The impact of a road upon adjacent heathland vegetation: effects on plant species composition. Journal of Applied Ecology 34: 409–417. 1 fig. 6 tab. ARUP, U. & M. GRUBE. 2000. Is Rhizoplaca (Lecanorales, lichenized Ascomycota) a monophyletic genus? Ca

Helminthosporium asterinum Cooke (=Helminthosporium papulosum Anth. Berg, Helminthosporium phomatae Dearn. & House) is redescribed and transferred to Ellisembia because of distinctions in the kind of conidiogenous cell. Polydesmus elegans Durieu & Mont. is redescribed and Helminthosporium densum Sacc. & Roum. and Taeniolella bilgramii S.S. Reddy & S.M. Reddy are its synonyms. Imimyces A. Hern.-Guit. & B. Sutton, typified by H. densum Sacc. & Roum., is a synonym of Polydesmus Mont. Consequent to the exclusion of the type species of Imimyces, a new genus, Imicles, typified by Helminthosporium leptosporum Sacc. & Roum., is proposed for the residue of species formerly included in Imimyces.Key words: apple, pear, black-pox, Corynespora, Corynesporina, Sporidesmium.

Weddellomyces pertusariicola Halici (Ascomycota, Dacampiaceae) is described as new from the thallus of Pertusaria lactea on siliceous rocks in the East Black Sea Region of Turkey. It is the first known species of Weddellomyces on Pertusaria and differs from most other species of the genus by smooth-walled, shorter and narrower ascospores. The host lichen was also infected by Taeniolella pertusariicola.

Three species of lichenicolous fungi, Roselliniella cladoniae , Taeniolella beschiana and Trichonectria rubefaciens , are reported for the first time for Belarus; two further species, lllosporiopsis christiansenii and Marchandiomyces aurantiacus , are new to Gomel Region, the south-eastern part of Belarus.

Some Hyphomycetes collected on decayed plant material from freshwater swamps and hammocks include Parasympodiella minima sp. nov., Paratomenticola georgiana sp. no v., Scolecobasidium cylindrosporum sp. nov., Chaetopsina ludoviciana sp. nov., and Taeniolella americana sp. nov. In addition, Cryptophiale udagawae Pirozynski & Ichinoe, Exserticlava vasiformis (Matsushima) Hughes, Mycoenterolobium platysporum Goos, and Phragmospathula phoenicis Subram. & Nair are reported as new records for North America.