1. Adaptive traits of bark and ambrosia beetle-associated fungi
- Author
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Tereza Veselská, Petr Baldrian, Paula García-Fraile, Miroslav Kolařík, Jiří Hulcr, Tereza Vojtová, Milada Chudíčková, Martin Kostovčík, James Skelton, and Tomáš Cajthaml
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Geosmithia ,Ecology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Obligate ,Host (biology) ,Ecological Modeling ,Ambrosia fungi ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Ambrosia beetle ,Generalist and specialist species ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Symbiosis ,Botany ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
A phenotype is the expression of interactions between species genotype and environment. We quantified the contributions of ecological and phylogenetic associations to phenotypic variation in Geosmithia fungi. Geosmithia are symbiotic beetle-associated saprotrophs with a range of life histories and host specificities, including obligate nutritional beetle mutualists (ambrosia fungi) and phytopathogens. We hypothesized that: (1) species phenotypes are better explained by their ecology than by their phylogenetic relationships; (2) niche specialization was accompanied by enzymatic capability losses; and (3) ambrosia Geosmithia species have higher nutritional quality and antibiotic capabilities than species with facultative symbioses. Our results confirmed that long-term co-evolved specialists have reduced metabolic breadth in comparison to generalists. Phytopathogenic G. morbida produces unique enzyme suites with affinity to ligno-cellulose. Mycelia of ambrosia fungi contain large amounts of oleic fatty acid with nutritive and possibly allelopathic function. Overall, our results indicate that Geosmithia ecology have greater effect on species phenotype than their phylogenetic relationships.
- Published
- 2019