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Zani WNWM, Sidik NJ, Isa NAM, Awal A, Osman NI, Alias N, Nordin MK. 2024. Influence of media variations and growth regulators on in vitro propagation of Dendrocalamus asper bamboo. Nusantara Bioscience 16: 237-244. This study reports the effects of different types of media and combinations of plant growth regulators on the in vitro propagation of Dendrocalamus asper (Schult.f.) Backer bamboo species, a species known for its economic significance and challenges in traditional cultivation. The experiment was initiated through the cultivation of in vitro nodal segments as explants in various strengths (half-strength and full-strength) of Murashige and Skoog's (MS) and Vacin & Went (VW) media, supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) hormone. Optimal results were achieved in full-strength MS media with 1.0 mg L-1 BAP, with the highest shoot number (5.6 shoots) and length (2.14±0.18 cm), surpassing outcomes in VW media. Shoot multiplication in full-strength MS media, with varying BAP and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) hormone combinations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mg L-1), was conducted. The combination of 4.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 IBA yielded the highest number of shoots (5.17±3.97), while supplementation with 4.0 mg L-1 IBA alone resulted in the longest shoot with 1.89±1.15 cm. These findings underscore the significance of tailored conditions for optimal in vitro propagation of this species. Further investigations could explore additional factors influencing the propagation process for better refinement of bamboo cultivation techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The high industrial demand for Stevia cultivation (Stevia rebaudiana) has increased due to its high stevioside content derived from the leaves. However, the low germination rate makes the cultivation of the plant become the main obstacle. Therefore, an efficient cultivation technique is required. This present work aims to analyze the effect of five combinations of Kinetin (Kin) and benzyladenine (BA) on stevia micropropagation using nodal segment explants. Results: The micropropagation of stevia was performed using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with BA and Kin. We analyzed different organogenesis and callogenesis responses. In addition, the number of shoots and root formed during in vitro culture were also observed. Our results demonstrated that all treatments with Kin, both alone and in combination with BA, resulted in the development of callus on all nodal segment explants. Explants treated in MS with 1 mg L−1 BA exhibited the best average of shoot number (36.27). In contrast, the treatment without PGR resulted in the best root formation (2.6). The overall results suggested that different combination of BA and Kin resulted in distinct organogenesis responses, where 1 mg L−1 of BA was potentially used for boosting the number of shoots in micropropagation of stevia accession Mini. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eclipta alba (False daisy) is an important medicinal plant with well-known antihepatotoxic activity. However, no previous in vitro studies are available for its callus culture for increased production of antioxidant secondary metabolites. Herein, we maintained a competent protocol for callus culture of E. alba using stem and leaf explants grown on MS medium containing various concentrations of thidiazuron, 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) either alone or in association with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Among all the applied plant growth regulators, BAP along with NAA resulted in maximal dry biomass of 18.0 and 13.8 g/l for stem and leaf explants, respectively. Furthermore, the highest production of phenolics (375.7 mg/l for stem-associated callus and 298 mg/l for leaf-associated callus) and flavonoids (62.0 and 52.3 mg/l for stem- and leaf-associated callus, respectively) were found to be present in optimized callus culture. Antioxidant activity was also elucidated for both stem and leaf derived calli. The highest antioxidant activities (~ 93.5%) were witnessed for stem and leaf associated calli at set concentrations of 3.0 mg/l BAP + 1.0 mg/l NAA and 4.0 mg/l BAP, respectively. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses revealed optimum accumulation of coumarin (1.98 mg/g DW) and wedelolactone (49.63 mg/g DW) in leaf associated callus and desmethylwedelolactone (69.96 mg/g DW), β-amyrin (0.8179 mg/g DW) and eclalbatin (0.3202 mg/g DW) in stem associated callus at optimized concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]