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Among the many different types of wound dressings, nanofiber-based materials produced through electrospinning are claimed to be ideal because of their advantageous intrinsic properties and the feasibility of employing several strategies to load bioactive compounds into their structure. Bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties have been incorporated into different wound dressings to promote healing as well as prevent and treat bacterial infections. Among these, natural products, such as medicinal plant extracts and essential oils (EOs), have proven particularly attractive thanks to their nontoxic nature, minor side effects, desirable bioactive properties, and favorable effects on the healing process. To this end, the present review provides an exhaustive and up-to-date revision of the most prominent medicinal plant extracts and EOs with antimicrobial properties that have been incorporated into nanofiber-based wound dressings. The most common methods used for incorporating bioactive compounds into electrospun nanofibers include: pre-electrospinning (blend, encapsulation, coaxial, and emulsion electrospinning), post-electrospinning (physical adsorption, chemical immobilization, and layer-by-layer assembly), and nanoparticle loading. Furthermore, a general overview of the benefits of EOs and medicinal plant extracts is presented, describing their intrinsic properties and biotechniques for their incorporation into wound dressings. Finally, the current challenges and safety issues that need to be adequately clarified and addressed are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study reports for the first time a comprehensive gas chromatography coupled to flame ionisation detector and mass spectrometry detection of the essential oils from leaf, stem-bark and root bark of three wild Cinnamomum species collected from Sinharaja and Kanneliya Forests in Sri Lanka together with cultivated cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum). DNA barcoding has been carried out to identify and distinguish wild cinnamon species from commercial cinnamon species. Predominant compounds in stem bark oil were trans-Cinnamaldehyde [C. zeylanicum (68.3%)], β-linalool [Cinnamomum capparu-coronde (44.5%], β-phellandrene [Cinnamomum dubium (24.7%)] or menthol, 1'-(butyn-3-one-1-yl) [Cinnamomum sinharajaense (17.7%)]. The predominant constituents in leaf oil were eugenol [C. zeylanicum (83.0%) and C.capparu-coronde (71.6%)], β-phellandrene [C. dubium (39.9%)] or palmitic acid [C. sinharajaense. (79.8%)]. In oil extracted from root bark, the principal constituents were either camphor [C. zeylanicum (51.1%)], methyl eugenol [C. sinharajaense (82.2%) and C. dubium (84.2%)] or safrole [C. capparu-coronde (58.6%)]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This narrative review aims to examine the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of plant extracts in preventing and treating alopecia (baldness). We searched and selected research papers on plant extracts related to hair loss, hair growth, or hair regrowth, and comprehensively compared the therapeutic efficacies, phytochemical components, and modulatory targets of plant extracts. These studies showed that various plant extracts increased the survival and proliferation of dermal papilla cells in vitro, enhanced cell proliferation and hair growth in hair follicles ex vivo, and promoted hair growth or regrowth in animal models in vivo. The hair growth-promoting efficacy of several plant extracts was verified in clinical trials. Some phenolic compounds, terpenes and terpenoids, sulfur-containing compounds, and fatty acids were identified as active compounds contained in plant extracts. The pharmacological effects of plant extracts and their active compounds were associated with the promotion of cell survival, cell proliferation, or cell cycle progression, and the upregulation of several growth factors, such as IGF-1, VEGF, HGF, and KGF (FGF-7), leading to the induction and extension of the anagen phase in the hair cycle. Those effects were also associated with the alleviation of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cellular senescence, or apoptosis, and the downregulation of male hormones and their receptors, preventing the entry into the telogen phase in the hair cycle. Several active plant extracts and phytochemicals stimulated the signaling pathways mediated by protein kinase B (PKB, also called AKT), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), Wingless and Int-1 (WNT), or sonic hedgehog (SHH), while suppressing other cell signaling pathways mediated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β or bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). Thus, well-selected plant extracts and their active compounds can have beneficial effects on hair health. It is proposed that the discovery of phytochemicals targeting the aforementioned cellular events and cell signaling pathways will facilitate the development of new targeted therapies for alopecia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cimicifugae Rhizoma, generally known as "Sheng Ma" in China, has great medicinal and dietary values. Cimicifugae Rhizoma is the dried rhizome of Cimicifuga foetida L., Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim. and Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom., which has been used to treat wind-heat headache, tooth pain, aphtha, sore throat, prolapse of anus and uterine prolapse in traditional Chinese medicine. This review systematically presents the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, clinical studies, quality control and toxicity of Cimicifugae Rhizoma in order to propose scientific evidence for its rational utilization and product development. Herein, 348 compounds isolated or identified from the herb are summarized in this review, mainly including triterpenoid saponins, phenylpropanoids, chromones, alkaloids, terpenoids and flavonoids. The crude extracts and its constituents had various pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antiviral, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-osteoporosis and relieving menopausal symptoms. The recent research progress of Cimicifugae Rhizoma in ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacological effects demonstrates the effectiveness of its utilization and supplies valuable guidance for further research. This review will provide a basis for the future development and utilization of Cimicifugae Rhizoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Existing treatment strategies for gastric cancer often present numerous side effects. Consequently, recent studies have shifted toward devising new treatments grounded in safer natural substances. α-Pinene, a natural terpene found in the essential oils of various plants, such as Lavender angustifolia and Satureja myrtifolia, displays antioxidant, antibiotic, and anticancer properties. Yet, its impact on gastric cancer remains unexplored. This research assessed the effects of α-pinene in vitro using a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell-line (AGS) human gastric cancer cells and in vivo via a xenograft mouse model. The survival rate of AGS cells treated with α-pinene was notably lower than that of the control group, as revealed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. This decline in cell viability was linked to apoptosis, as verified by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and annexin V/propidium iodide staining. The α-pinene–treated group exhibited elevated cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)–associated X (Bax) levels and reduced Bcl-2 levels compared with the control levels. Moreover, α-pinene triggered the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 within the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In the xenograft mouse model, α-pinene induced apoptosis through the MAPK pathway, devoid of toxicity. These findings position α-pinene as a promising natural therapeutic for gastric cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the body's largest organ, the skin is located at the internal and external environment interface, serving as a line of defense against various harmful stressors. Recently, marine-derived physiologically active ingredients have attracted considerable attention in the cosmeceutical industry due to their beneficial effects on skin health. Sargassum, a genus of brown macroalgae, has traditionally been consumed as food and medicine in several countries and is rich in bioactive compounds such as meroterpenoids, sulfated polysaccharides, fucoidan, fucoxanthin, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Sargassum spp. have various beneficial effects on skin disorders. They help with atopic dermatitis by improving skin barrier protection and reducing inflammation. Several species show potential in treating acne by inhibiting bacterial growth and reducing inflammation. Some species, such as Sargassum horneri, demonstrate antiallergic effects by modulating mast cell activity. Certain Sargassum species exhibit anticancer activity by inhibiting tumor growth and promoting apoptosis, and some species help with wound healing by promoting angiogenesis and reducing oxidative stress. Overall, Sargassum spp. demonstrate potential for treating and managing various skin conditions. Therefore, the bioactive compounds of Sargassum spp. may be natural ingredients with a wide range of functional properties for preventing and treating skin disorders. The present review focused on the various biological effects of Sargassum extracts and derived compounds on skin disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antibiofilm, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of the methanolic extract of Padina pavonica L. were determined. Results deduced that the algal extract had a high biofilm formation inhibitory action done via crystal violet (CV) assay, to 88–99%. The results showed a strong antibacterial against the identified bacteria species. Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, and the extract had moderate antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Streptococcus agalactiae. The algal extract has a concentration-dependent DPPH radical scavenging activity (84.59%, with IC50 = 170.31 µg/ml). The inhibitory percent of P. pavonica methanolic extract in vitro antiproliferative activity was 1.79–98.25% with IC50 = 15.14 µg/ml against lung carcinoma. Phenols, terpenes, amino acids, alkaloids, flavones, alcohols, and fatty acids were among the metabolites whose biological actions were evaluated. In conclusion, for the first time, P. pavonica methanolic extract exhibited effective antibiofilm, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytochemical investigation on cigar tobacco leaves led to four unknown sesquiterpenoids as well as nine reported ones. Among of them, 3-acetoxy-β-damascone was first found in tobacco leaves. All the structures were elucidated by intensive spectroscopic analyses and X-ray diffraction. The relationship between the newly isolates and known ones was tried to describe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel sesquiterpenes and one new monoterpene, together with eight reported compounds were isolated from dichloromethane–soluble extract of the aerial part of Artemisia tournefortiana Reichb. Their relative and absolute structures were elucidated based on the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra, HRESIMS, and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD). Two sesquiterpenes (1 and 2) showed no inhibition effect in anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity tests. Three new terpenes (1–3) were tested for antibacterial activity, compounds 2 and 3 showed moderate antibacterial activities with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) between 264 and 556 μg/ml. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One new labdane-type diterpenoid, 3β,15-dihydroxylabda-8(17),12E-dien-16,15-olide (1) named curcumatin and twelve known compounds, coronarin D (2), isocoronarin D (3), (E)-labda-8(17),12-diene-15,16-dial (4), zerumin A (5), (E)-labda-8(17),12-dien-15,16-dioic acid (6), furanodiene (7), linderazulene (8), zedoarol (9), zedoarondiol (10), germacrone-1,10-epoxide (11), germacrone-4,5-epoxide (12), and zingiberenol (13) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Curcuma aromatica Salisb. Their structures were elucidated by 1D-, 2D-NMR spectroscopic analysis, HR-ESI-MS, and comparing with the NMR data reported in the literature. Compounds 2, 5, and 13 significantly inhibited the nitric oxide production effect in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages with IC50 values of 8.8 ± 1.7, 4.0 ± 0.9, and 6.2 ± 0.4 µM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, remains unclear. The main manifestations of AD include cognitive and behavioral disorders, neuropsychiatric symptoms, neuroinflammation, amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. However, current drugs for AD once the dementia stage has been reached only treat symptoms and do not delay progression, and the research and development of targeted drugs for AD have reached a bottleneck. Thus, other treatment options are needed. Bioactive ingredients derived from plants are promising therapeutic agents. Specifically, Ginkgo biloba (Gb) extracts exert anti-oxidant, anticancer, neuroplastic, neurotransmitter-modulating, blood fluidity, and anti-inflammatory effects, offering alternative options in the treatment of cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. The main chemical components of Gb include flavonoids, terpene lactones, proanthocyanidins, organic acids, polysaccharides, and amino acids. Gb and its extracts have shown remarkable therapeutic effects on various neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, with few adverse reactions. Thus, high-quality Gb extracts are a well-established treatment option for AD. In this review, we summarize the insights derived from traditional Chinese medicine, experimental models, and emerging clinical trials on the role of Gb and its chemical components in the treatment of the main clinical manifestations of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new cadinane sesquiterpenes (1–3) and three known sesquiterpenes were isolated from the stems and branches of Illicium ternstroemioides A. C. Smith. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic and HRESIMS data. The structures of illiternins A–C (1–3) were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction, allowing for the determination of their absolute configurations. Compounds 3 and 6 exhibited antiviral activity against Coxsackievirus B3 with IC50 values of 33.3 and 57.7 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liver diseases and their related complications endanger the health of millions of people worldwide. The prevention and treatment of liver diseases are still serious challenges both in China and globally. With the improvement of living standards, the prevalence of metabolic liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liver disease, has increased at an alarming rate, resulting in more cases of end-stage liver disease. Therefore, the discovery of novel therapeutic drugs for the treatment of liver diseases is urgently needed. Glycyrrhizin (GL), a triterpene glycoside from the roots of licorice plants, possesses a wide range of pharmacological and biological activities. Currently, GL preparations (GLPs) have certain advantages in the treatment of liver diseases, with good clinical effects and fewer adverse reactions, and have shown broad application prospects through multitargeting therapeutic mechanisms, including antisteatotic, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, antifibrotic, anticancer, and drug interaction activities. This review summarizes the currently known biological activities of GLPs and their medical applications in the treatment of liver diseases, and highlights the potential of these preparations as promising therapeutic options and their alluring prospects for the treatment of liver diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression, a global cause of disability and premature death, is often treated by traditional healers in Africa using medicinal herbs such as Ximenia americana (L.). With recent pharmacological studies showing the potential antidepressant properties of X. americana extract, this study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of the compound(s) isolated from X. americana extract using the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) models predictive of depression. The extracts, administered orally within a dose range of 100–400 mg/kg, notably decreased the immobility time in both the FST and the TST. The most significant reduction occurred at the highest dose of 400 mg/kg, with a decrease of 117.66 s in FST and 53.5 s in TST. However, this reduction in immobility was not linked to changes in movements, as observed in an open-field test (OFT), suggesting that the effect of the extracts was not due to activation of locomotion. Subsequently, a sesquiterpene lactone, dehydrocostus lactone (1) was isolated through solubility-based fractionation and column chromatography of the active root bark extract of X. americana. Dehydrocostus lactone (400 mg/kg) demonstrated a 46.50 s reduction in immobility time in the FST, which was comparable to the positive control, imipramine (30 mg/kg). With a highly favorable docking score of −8.365 kcal/mol on an antidepressant target, monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A; pdb ID: 2BXS), dehydrocostus lactone (1) potentially outperforms the standard MAO-A inhibitor drug, isocarboxazid (−5.847 kcal/mol). Dehydrocostus lactone (1) displayed strong interactions involving hydrogen bond and hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions with specific MAO-A binding site residues. These findings highlight that the antidepressant-like activity of X. americana is partly attributed to the presence of dehydrocostus lactone. Additionally, it also supports the traditional medicinal use of the plant for treating depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to examine the protective role and mechanism of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi on carbon tetrachloride-induced mouse model of subacute liver injury. The mice were intragastrically injected with 1.2 and 2.4 g/kg of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi water extract after intraperitoneal injection of 0.15% carbon tetrachloride. We found that low-dose or high-dose Fructus Ligustri Lucidi reduced the degree of liver injury, decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bilirubin levels, suppressed malondialdehyde and hydroxyproline contents in the liver tissues of mice, and increased superoxide dismutase content. Additionally, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi decreased concentrations of proinflammatory factors, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 and mRNA levels of collagen and fibrosis-associated factors. Fructus Ligustri Lucidi water extract can protect against carbon tetrachloride-induced subacute liver injury in mice. The mechanism is associated with increased antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced lipid peroxidation levels, and suppressed inflammatory and fibrotic responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant extracts effects have been regarded and proven in researches under different applications in agriculture, including seed treatment. The plant extracts effectiveness is attributed to the presence of certain classes of compounds; therefore, studies that aim to identify and quantify these composites, which are present in plant extracts used in agriculture, are important, as well as the seed treatment. This research aimed to understand and describe through a systematic review, what were the main carried approaches, classes and identified compounds in studies with plant extracts to different applications in agriculture and the seed treatment. The period 2015 to 2020 was the one that exposed the higher research publication indexes, considering the theme under analysis, plant extracts in agriculture, seeking to identify or quantify the presence of metabolic composites, indicating a growing interest in this theme. Such studies pursued identifying and/or quantifying the compounds that are present in the plant extracts. The phenolic compounds constitute the priority class of metabolites to different functions, effects and applications in agriculture, mainly in seed treatment. The terpenes present a substantial potential as bioinsecticides to agriculture. Plant species that are rich in phenolic and terpenes compounds are a significant source of alternative control in the protection of the productive system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided by 1H NMR spectroscopic experiments using the characteristic enol proton signals as probes, three pairs of new tautomeric cinnamoylphloroglucinol-monoterpene adducts (1–3) were isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus. Their structures with absolute configurations were established by spectroscopic analysis, modified Mosher's method, and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculation. Compounds 1–3 represent a novel class of cinnamoylphloroglucinol-monoterpene adducts featuring an unusual C-4–C-1′ linkage between 2,2,4-trimethyl-cinnamyl-β-triketone and modified linear monoterpenoid motifs. Notably, compounds 1–3 exhibited significant in vitro antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seven new monoterpene alkaloids (1 − 7), along with 16 known analogues, were isolated from an aqueous decoction of the hook-bearing stems of Uncaria rhynchophylla (Gou-teng). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 1 and 2 are stereoisomers belonging to a novel type of pseudoindoxyl monoterpene alkaloids, 3 is the first monoterpene furoindole alkaloid from nature, and 4 − 7 are derivatives of the known monoterpene alkaloids featuring different structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pharmacological effects of natural product therapy have received sigificant attention, among which terpenoids such as sesquiterpene lactones stand out due to their biological activity and pharmacological potential as anti-tumor drugs. Inula sesquiterpene lactones are a kind of sesquiterpene lactones extracted from Inula species. They have many pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammation, anti-asthma, anti-tumor, neuroprotective and anti-allergic. In recent years, more and more studies have proved that they are important candidate drugs for the treatment of a variety of cancers because of its good anti-tumor activity. In this paper, the structure, structure–activity relationship, antitumor activities, mechanisms and targets of Inula sesquiterpene lactones reported in recent years were reviewed in order to provide clues for the development of novel anticancer drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the chemical compounds present in the essential oil of Cleome rostrata for the first time. C. rostrata belongs to the Cleome genus of the Cleomaceae family. The study was conducted to investigate the phytochemical composition, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant potential of the aerial parts of C. rostrata. GC-MS analysis identified a total of 39 compounds. The major components of C. rostrata aerial parts were found to be farnesan (10.49%), 4-methyl-dodecan-1-ol (14.07%), 2,7-dimethylnaphthalene (4.81%), phytane (6.05%), and tetradecane, 4-methyl-(4.81%). The methanol extract of the plant was evaluated for its total flavonoid content using the aluminum chloride colorimetric method. The methanol extract of C. rostrata exhibited high total flavonoid content, measuring 18.04 mg/g extract. The methanolic extract also exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against three fungal strains and three Gram-positive bacterial strains. Notably, the highest activity was observed against Aspergillus niger at a concentration of 16 mg/mL. Moreover, the extract demonstrated potent antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its IC50 value of 202.48 µg/L in the DPPH test. These findings highlight the potential of C. rostrata as a source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents with potential applications in food preservation and pharmaceuticals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective: Medicinal plants have been used in traditional medicine to treat several diseases and infections. This study aimed to identify the active ingredients in Borrerria verticilata root extract for the synthesis of new antimicrobial drugs. Materials and methods: Roots of Borerria verticillata were collected from Ucha village, Makurdi local government of Benue State, Nigeria. For extraction, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water were used as solvent. The roots were air-dried and powdered before extraction. The extracts were qualitatively tested for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, terpenes, steroids, and phenol. Antimicrobial potency of the extracts against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, and some fungi implicated in dermatophytic infections were studied. Agar well diffusion and broth dilution methods were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration. Results and conclusion: The yield of the extracts ranged from 1.5% for water to 3.5% for hexane as solvent. The phytochemicals in the root extracts were included to flavonoids, terpenes, saponins, and glycosides. The microbial inhibition zone, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration ranged from 0 to 21.67 mm, 8 to 512 mg/ml, and 256 to 512 mg/ml, respectively. This study revealed that the root extract of Borerria verticillata plant has an antimicrobial effect against multidrug-resistant bacteria and also antifungal potential. Therefore, it can be used in food and cosmetics industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stages of maturity have decisive roles in determining the quality and quantity of essential oil (EO). In this regard, EO yield and composition and their antioxidant activity of citron fruit at four fruit maturity stages, i.e. the green mature (GM), intermediate (INT), yellow ripe (MAT) and overripe stage (OR) were studied. Obtained results showed significant effect of fruit maturity on most measured properties. The concentration of EO varied between 0.60 and 0.77% (v/w). The highest amount of limonene was 89.39% related to GM stage. The limonene decreased significantly during maturity. The highest antioxidant activity (76.08%) was measured at the OR stage, which is probably due to the presence of specific compounds in the EO and their synergistic effects. The phytochemical behaviors of this citron variety were different as relation to stages of fruit maturity. We can determine the ideal harvest period for maximum bioactive substances by recognizing these actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new hetisine type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids, named as trichophorines A–C (1–3), were isolated from Delphinium trichophorum, together with nine known alkaloids (4–12). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR, single-crystal X-ray, and HR-ESI-MS). All compounds were evaluated for the inhibitory activities against LPS induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and none of them showed considerable inhibitory activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bioactive compounds obtained from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi extracts are traditionally employed in folk medicine for the treatment of diseases. The fruits and leaves of this plant are rich in terpenes and phenolic compounds, which gives it antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Even though the pink pepper shares some sensory aspects of the traditional peppers, it does not belong to the same family, which is why it can be considered as a fake pepper. Recent advances in the food area showed that pink pepper extracts are an interesting alternative for applications such as natural preservatives and flavoring. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of pink pepper extraction properties and possible applications. Moreover, we wish to demonstrate an effective bioactive activity of pink pepper when applied in different areas. Overall, multifunctional extracts can be produced from pink pepper tree, showing great market potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to systematically review the scientific literature, with Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, of the articles found in the past 11 years on the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts in gastric ulcers induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Scientific articles published between 2010 and 2020 were included in this systematic review, including in vitro and in vivo models, to define the gastroprotective role of fruit extracts. Studies were selected by Rayyan using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Science Direct databases. The keywords for the search strategy were: "gastric injury," "gastric ulcer," "fruit," "indomethacin," and "aspirin." Twenty-two articles with animal models of gastric ulcers were included. The NSAIDs used were aspirin and indomethacin. To know the damage caused by these, the ulceration index and biomarkers, such as aggressive/defensive factors involved in the gastric ulceration process, were measured. Most studies have shown that fruit extracts have antiulcer activity, with the most abundant metabolites being flavonoids, followed by terpenes and alkaloids. Possible antiulcer activities such as antioxidant, cytoprotective, gastric acid antisecretory, anti-inflammatory, or angiogenesis stimulant were declared, manifested mainly as a reduction of lipid peroxidation products, an increase in antioxidant enzymes and prostaglandins, and by the formation of a protective film through protein precipitation in the ulcer area. This systematic review demonstrates the importance of fruit extracts as gastric protectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have investigated the role of Esculentoside A in the progression of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in Human MLE-12 cells. The results of the studies show that Esculentoside A enhances the viability of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae-infected MLE-12 cells and suppresses cell apoptosis. EsA also suppresses mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress in lung epithelial cells caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. The data further confirmed that Esculentoside A could relieve mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia-infected lung epithelial cells by regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new terrein dimer named lichtheicol A (1) and a new meroterpene named lichtheiterpene A (2), were isolated from the mangrove endophytic fungus Lichtheimia sp. J2B1, together with 10 known compounds (3–12). The planar structures and absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were established by a combination of extensive spectroscopic data analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited marked inhibitory effects against butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) with IC50 values of 0.71 and 0.53 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One new sesquiterpene, (6S,7R,11S)-13-carboxy-1(10)-en-dihydroartemisinic acid (1), together with three known sesquiterpenes, ainsliaea acid B (2), mongolicumin B (3), and 11β,13-dihydroxydeacetylmatricarin (4) were isolated from Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. The structures were established on the basis of UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, ECD spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 was found to have potential anti-inflammatory activity and could reduce LPS-induced NO levels in murine macrophage, with inhibitory rate of 37%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new (1 and 2) meroterpenoids were isolated from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. Antioxidant activities of 1 and 2 were evaluated by the ORAC and DPPH radical scavenging assays, and the results revealed that compound 2 displayed oxygen radical absorbance capacity. The discovery of compounds 1 and 2 added new members of this kind of natural product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Andrographis paniculata, the "King of Bitters," has a long history of traditional use in both Ayurvedic medicine and Traditional Chinese Medicine. This article reviews clinical evidence for the use of A. paniculata in a variety of clinical conditions, as well as safety and pharmacokinetics. Andrographis has a number of immune-supportive or immune-modulating effects. It has been clinically assessed for its ability to reduce the severity or duration of upper respiratory tract infections. It also has anti-inflammatory properties. This anti-inflammatory effect, in combination with immune-regulating properties, make this herbal medicine an attractive adjunct for autoimmune conditions, and A. paniculata has been clinically studied for its effects in people with multiple sclerosis, ulcerative colitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Essential oils (EOs) from Ochna afzelii leaves, stems and roots were extracted and characterised by hydrodistillation and Gas Chromatogragphy-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) techniques, respectively. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH*) method while antibacterial activity was determined using agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Leaf, stem, and root oils afforded thirteen, ten and seven compounds, respectively, which were characterized by a high percentage of oxygenated sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The major compound in O. afzelii leaf and root EOs was β-Atlantol, while the O. afzelii stem EO had (E)-β-ionone as its major compound. The leaf oil displayed highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 238.14 µL/mL). All the EOs showed antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, with the zones of inhibition and MIC values ranging from 12.0–18.0 mm and 2.5–10 µL/mL, respectively. O. afzelii has a mild antioxidant effect, but can be a potential source of natural antibacterial agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Oleuropein is one of the main components of the antioxidant properties of olive leaves. Placental growth factor is an important regulator in angiogenesis and inflammation, its levels being variable in pathological conditions. In this study, we aimed to examine changes in placental growth factor expression and the effect of oleuropein, found in olive leaves, in rats exposed to acrylamide nephrotoxicity. Material and Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were allocated into 4 groups. The control group received saline solution only. The oleuropein group received oleuropein (4.2 mg/kg), the acrylamide group received acrylamide (5 mg/kg), and the acrylamide and oleuropein group received acrylamide (5 mg/kg) and oleuropein (4.2 mg/kg). All substances were administered via gastric gavage for 21 days. Kidney tissues were removed at the end of the study and subjected to histopathological, stereological, and immunohistochemical procedures. Results: Histopathological examination revealed dilatation, vacuolization, and degeneration in the proximal and distal tubules and increased placental growth factor immunoreactivity in the acrylamide group. Cavalieri volume analysis revealed increased cortex, distal, and proximal tubule volumes (P < .01). Conclusion: Oleuropein significantly attenuated acrylamide-induced kidney injury by altering placental growth factor immunoreactivity. Placental growth factor immunoreactivity can be used as a marker of acrylamide nephrotoxicity, and oleuropein may counteract acrylamide-induced kidney injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The detailed chemical investigations of the South China Sea soft corals Sinularia tumulosa and Sinularia depressa, yielded two new compounds, namely tumulosterol A (1) and 11'-hydroxy-α-tocopherylquinone (3), along with four related known ones (2, 5–7). Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the spectral data previously reported in the literature. In bioassays, compound 1 displayed significant cytotoxic effects against H1975 and MDA-MB-231 cells with IC50 values of 6.0 and 6.3 µM, respectively. In addition, compound 3 exhibited interesting inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells with IC50 value of 9.5 µM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Dendrobium genus has been used in traditional medicine to treat various illnesses. The study aims at examining the phytochemical, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and thrombolytic properties of the leaf, stem, and root of Dendrobium lindleyi Steud, and the relationship between phytochemicals and bioactivities is determined. Results. The qualitative screening found a variety of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, coumarins, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, flavonoids, proteins, phenols, quinines, resins, steroids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids, in varying amounts. The quantitative screening showed the highest concentration of alkaloids in the leaves (172.15 ± 1.22 mg/g), phenols in the root (203.55 ± 0.75 mg/g), flavonoids in the root (24.35 ± 0.42 mg/g), tannins in the leaves (105.06 ± 0.55 mg/g), and proteins in the root (194.12 ± 0.65 µg/ml). The root extract showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 58.24 µg/mL), the stem extract had the most increased thrombolytic activity (IC50 = 242.74 µg/mL), and the leaf extract had the most potent anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 = 61.79 µg/mL). Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive relationship (p = 0.05) between alkaloids (r = 0.96) and tannins (r = 0.9) with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and thrombolytic properties. Conclusion. The bioactivities of D. lindleyi, including antioxidant (root), thrombolytic (stem), and anti-inflammatory (leaf) activities, are linked to the phytochemicals detected in the screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the determination of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of essential oils in wild plants, such as Mexican oregano (Lippia graveolens Kunth), has become increasingly important. The objective was to compare the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Mexican oregano essential oil obtained from plants occurring naturally in semiarid areas (Wild1 and Wild2), and those cultivated in the field (CField) and greenhouse (CGreenhouse) in northern Mexico. The Mexican oregano essential oil extraction was performed using the hydrodistillation method, the antioxidant activity was determined using the ABTS method, and the antibacterial activity was assessed through bioassays under the microwell method at nine different concentrations. The aim was to determine the diameter of the inhibition zone and, consequently, understand the sensitivity level for four bacterial species. The results revealed an antioxidant activity ranging from 90% to 94% at the sampling sites, with Wild1 standing out for having the highest average antioxidant activity values. Likewise, six out of the nine concentrations analyzed showed some degree of sensitivity for all the sampling sites. In this regard, the 25 µL mL−1 concentration showed the highest diameter of inhibition zone values, highlighting the Wild2 site, which showed an average diameter greater than 30 mm for the four bacteria tested. Only in the case of S. typhi did the CGreenhouse site surpass the Wild2, with an average diameter of the inhibition zone of 36.7 mm. These findings contribute to the search for new antioxidant and antibacterial options, addressing the challenges that humanity faces in the quest for opportunities to increase life expectancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Panax japonicus var. major (PJM) belongs to the well-known ginseng species used in west China for hundreds of years, which has the effects of lung tonifying and yin nourishing, and exerts the analgesic, antitussive, and hemostatic activities. Compared with the other Panax species, the chemical composition and the spatial tissue distribution of the bioactive ginsenosides in PJM have seldom been investigated. Methods: Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF-MS) and desorption electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) were integrated for the systematic characterization and spatial tissue distribution studies of ginsenosides in the rhizome of PJM. Considering the great difficulty in exposing the minor saponins, apart from the conventional Auto MS/MS (M1), two different precursor ions list-including data-dependent acquisition (PIL-DDA) approaches, involving the direct input of an in-house library containing 579 known ginsenosides (M2) and the inclusion of the target precursors screened from the MS1 data by mass defect filtering (M3), were developed. The in situ spatial distribution of various ginsenosides in PJM was profiled based on DESI-MSI with a mass range of m/z 100–1500 in the negative ion mode, with the imaging data processed by the High Definition Imaging (HDI) software. Results: Under the optimized condition, 272 ginsenosides were identified or tentatively characterized, and 138 thereof were possibly not ever reported from the Panax genus. They were composed by 75 oleanolic acid type, 22 protopanaxadiol type, 52 protopanaxatriol type, 16 octillol type, 19 malonylated, 35 C-17 side-chain varied, and 53 others. In addition, the DESI-MSI experiment unveiled the differentiated distribution of saponins, but the main location in the cork layer and phloem of the rhizome. The abundance of the oleanolic acid ginsenosides was high in the rhizome slice of PJM, which was consistent with the results obtained by UHPLC/QTOF-MS. Conclusion: Comprehensive characterization of the ginsenosides in the rhizome of PJM was achieved, with a large amount of unknown structures unveiled primarily. We, for the first time, reported the spatial tissue distribution of different subtypes of ginsenosides in the rhizome slice of PJM. These results can benefit the quality control and further development of PJM and the other ginseng species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disease with a high global prevalence, is characterized by the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the apoptosis of chondrocytes. Ajugol, a extract derived from the herb Rehmannia glutinosa, has not yet been investigated for its potential in modulating the development of OA. Methods: We employed techniques such as western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, X-ray imaging, HE staining, and SO staining to provide biological evidence supporting the role of Ajugol as a potential therapeutic agent for modulating OA. Furthermore, in an in vivo experiment, intra-peritoneal injection of 50 mg/kg Ajugol effectively mitigated the progression of OA following destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery. Results: Our findings revealed that treatment with 50 μM Ajugol activated TFEB-mediated autophagy, alleviating ER stress-induced chondrocyte apoptosis and ECM degradation caused by TBHP. Furthermore, in an in vivo experiment, intra-peritoneal injection of 50 mg/kg Ajugol effectively mitigated the progression of OA following destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery. Conclusion: These results provide compelling biological evidence supporting the role of Ajugol as a potential therapeutic agent for modulating OA by activating autophagy and attenuating ER stress-induced cell death and ECM degradation. The promising in vivo results further suggest the potential of Ajugol as a treatment strategy for OA progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by Candida albicans. This infection commonly affects the skin, oral mucosa, vagina, and gastrointestinal tract. Excessive use of azole antifungals in the treatment of Candida albicans infections can lead to the development of resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to explore alternative treatments using medicinal plants such as Selaginella plana, commonly referred to as "rutu-rutu" in a local language spoken across Maluku, Indonesia. Selaginella plana contains active compounds belonging to various chemical classes, including terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, and saponins. This study aimed to determine the ability of Selaginella plana extract as an antifungal agent against Candida albicans by evaluating its inhibitory and antifungal effects. This study used an actual experimental design and broth dilution method. The research methodology involved the extraction of Selaginella plana using a solvent of 96% ethanol. The extract was then prepared in various concentrations, i.e., 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%. Additionally, ketoconazole and distilled water were included in the experiment for the positive and negative controls, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that Selaginella plana extract inhibited the growth of Candida albicans when administered starting at a concentration of 12.5%. However, the antifungal potential of Selaginella plana extract that induced cell death was only observed at a concentration of 100%. The fungicidal activity was exclusively identified in the undiluted, pure extract. The inhibitory and cytotoxic effects of Selaginella plana on Candida albicans cells were attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds in Selaginella plana, including flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins. These bioactive compounds had the ability to inhibit cell growth by altering membrane permeability, causing mitochondrial dysfunction, and disrupting ergosterol biosynthesis. It can be concluded that Selaginella plana extract can act as a fungistatic agent against the proliferation of Candida albicans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the potential of aromatic Origanum species belonging to Lamiaceae family to prevent and treat cancer was investigated. Since aromatic plants contain phytochemicals such as essential oils, phenolic acids, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, vitamins, enzymes and minerals with beneficial biological activities, they have become more interesting and important in medicine, pharmacy and industry. Publications/research between 1950 and 2022 were screened to investigate the effects of Origanum species on cancer, and the effects of their extracts and essential oils in cancer prevention and treatment. Essential phytochemicals found in plants provide efficacy in the prevention and treatment of many diseases. Besides, the essential oils found in these plant extracts are another reason that makes them important. Therefore, it is preferred in traditional medicine in the fight against many diseases as well as cancer. Essential oils of Origanum species mainly contain monoterpenes such as p-cymene, carvacrol, thymol and γ-terpinene. Since these compounds exhibit anticancer properties, Origanum species are becoming the plants of choice in the fight against cancer. In this context, Origanum majorana L. Origanum vulgare and Origanum munzurense are promising species, considering the composition of their extracts and essential oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A chemical investigation of 95% ethanol extract from the stem and branch of Tripterygium wilfordii has resulted in the isolation and characterization of two new compounds, one neolignan (1) and one phenylalanine derivative (2), as well as four known compounds (3–6). The structures of the new compounds were determined based on extensive spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of compound 1 was defined by X-ray crystallographic analyses and electronic circular dichroism calculation. In addition, compounds 2 and 4–6 exhibited inhibitory effects against NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages with the IC50 value ranging from 3.51 μM to 30.40 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Portulaca oleracea L. (P. oleracea) or purslane is a plant from the Portulacaceae family, which is used as food and traditional medicine for various diseases. This review article provides comprehensive information on the antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties of P. oleracea and its constituents. The literature survey of the different databases until the end of June 2023 was explored based on the keywords including the "P. oleracea, purslane, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties." The plant contains flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and some other compounds. The results indicated that P. oleracea and its constituents showed anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties through reduction of inflammatory mediators including interferon gama (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nitric oxide. Improvement in cytokines' serum levels (IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-4) and increased IgG and IgM serum levels, as well as reduction of IgE, phospholipase A2, and total protein were demonstrated for P. oleracea. The plant and its constituents also improved oxidative stress by reduction of oxidant and increase of antioxidant markers. P. oleracea could be considered as an effective remedy for various inflammatory and immune diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study provides the first information on the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of the essential oil and methanol extract from the stems of Dasymaschalon rostratum Merr. & Chun. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the main components of the D. rostratum essential oil were β-caryophyllene (27.4%), β-pinene (12.8%), α‑copaene (11.7%), α-pinene (8.4%), and α-humulene (6.2%). The antimicrobial assay showed that the essential oil had better activity against all tested microorganisms with lower minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≤ 500 μg/mL compared with methanol extract. In turn, methanol extract was distinguished by the higher antioxidant potential in comparison to the essential oil in both DPPH and ABTS assays with IC50 values of 119.3 and 76.2 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the total phenolic content of methanol extract was determined as 32.5 μg/mg. The results of the present investigation demonstrated significant variations in the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and methanol extract from the stems of D. rostratum. In addition, complementary investigations should be conducted to identify phenolic compounds of these plant extracts as well as to evaluate the antimicrobial mechanisms of essential oil against bacteria and fungi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new dihydro-β-agarofuran sesquiterpenes chiapen T (1) and chiapen U (2), along with chiapen A (3), 1β-hydroxy-2β,6α,12-triacetoxy-8β-(β-nicotinoyloxy)-9β-(benzoyloxy)-β-dihydroagarofuran (4), wilforlide B (5), 3-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-friedelen-29-oic acid (6), epikatonic acid (7), 22-epi-maytenfolic acid (8), maytenoic acid (9), wilforic acid F (10), wilforic acid B (11), were reported for the first time from the Celastrus angulatus. The structures of all the compounds were elucidated by HR-ESI-MS, 1 D and 2 D NMR spectra, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Compounds 1 and 2 were examined for anti-inflammatory activity, respectively. None of them showed potent activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep deprivation (SD) has become a universal social problem. There is a causal relationship between SD and energy metabolism disorder. Phytochemicals have been demonstrated to have excellent sleep-promoting effects, and studies have shown that ginsenoside Rg5 (Rg5) exerts sedative and hypnotic effects. The present study aimed to investigate the role of Rg5 in regulating energy metabolism and explore the potential mechanism of improving sleep. Sleep-deprived rats were randomly divided into a control group (Ctrl), SD model group (SD), Rg5 group (GRg5), and melatonin group (MT). Sleep-deprived model rats were generated by housing rats in an SD box for 4 weeks. The Ctrl and SD groups were given equal volumes of saline. The Rg5 groups were given 25 mg/kg Rg5 or 50 mg/kg Rg5, and the MT group was given 0.27 g/kg MT. A Western blot analysis and ELISA were used to detect the metabolic levels, mitochondrial functional proteins, AMPK pathway proteins, clock-related proteins, adenosine receptors, and neurotransmitter receptors. The results showed that Rg5 corrected abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism as well as improved ATP levels. In addition, Rg5 alleviated mitochondrial structural damage and improved the expression of proteins involved in mitochondrial biosynthesis, fission, and fusion. Moreover, Rg5 improved the expression of AMPK/PGC-1/Nrf-1 pathway proteins, regulated mitochondrial biological functions, and affected the rhythm characteristics of circadian clock-related proteins. Further, Rg5 improved the expression of A1R and A 2 A R as well as regulated the expression levels of GABAA1 α and mGluR5 to improve sleep in SD rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Colutea armata is a medicinal plant known to possess different traditional uses. • Methanol and DCM solvent extracts were screened for metabolomics, bioactivities, and computational studies. • The studied extracts were found to contain considerable bioactive compounds and biological potential. • The molecular docking studies further highlighted the interaction between the important phytochemicals and the tested enzymes. The Colutea genus of plants has been studied for its medicinal qualities, particularly antifungal. The current study is the first to examine and contrast the biological functions and chemical makeup of whole-plant extracts of Colutea armata Hemsl. & Lace. made with dichloromethane (DCM) solvent and methanol (MeOH) solvent. The ability of the extracts under study to block specific enzymes, such as α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and phosphodiesterase. Likewise, spectrophotometric techniques were used to estimate the total bioactive components and potential for antioxidants (DPPH). Additionally, GC–MS metabolomics was done to establish the composition of potential secondary metabolites. Moreover, the in-silico docking studies confirmed the specific compound responsible for biological activities. The varying concentrations of alkaloidal, phenolic and flavonoid components were found in MeOH and DCM extracts, which might be responsible for the notable DPPH, α-glucosidase, and tyrosinase inhibitory potentials. In the contrast, moderate AChE, BChE, and phosphodiesterase inhibition were noted. Additionally, the extracts presented considerable antifungal (S. cerevisiae) and anti-bacterial (K. pneumoniae, S. typhi, E. coli, and S. aureus). In addition, GC–MS profiling of both the MeOH and the DCM extracts revealed the tentative presence of 19 and 33 secondary metabolites, respectively, mostly phenolic, flavonoid, glycoside, terpenes, steroids, and alkaloids, this may be the cause of the plant extract under study's reported biological potential. To conclude, our findings highlighted C. armata as a lead source for naturally bioactive compounds that may open the door to industrial uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extensive use of antibacterial agents in human medication has led to the appearance of resistant microbial strains, hence the importance of directing research towards new molecules, where a good part of scientific research is currently directed towards the way of the use of active biological extracts of medicinal plants, in particular towards essential oils. In this context, the objective of this work is to evaluate the antibacterial activity of essential oils extracted from Mentha pulegium and Laurus Nobilis on some pathogenic bacterial species such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The extraction of essential oils from aromatic plants: Mentha pulegium, Laurus Nobilis is carried out by the hydrodistillation technique. The results reveal that Mentha pulegium and Laurus Nobilis show a yield of 2.7% and 0.79% respectively. Our results indicate that the two essential oils Mentha pulegium and Laurus Nobilis have very low activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococci aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which represent inhibition diameters of 6 mm; 4mm and 2mm respectively. The bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosais the most resistant to the two essential oils extracted from Mentha pulegium, Laurus Nobilis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]