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Most recently, silver nanoparticles due to antibacterial properties have been considered in medical science. So the aim of the study was green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Berberis vulgaris leaf and root aqueous extract and its antibacterial activity. After collection, identification and extraction of Berberis vulgaris was performed production of silver nanoparticles. In the study effect of parameters such as AgNO 3 concentration (0.5, 1, 3, 10 mM), aqueous extract (3, 5, 10, 15, 30 mL) and contact time (1, 2, 6, 12, 24 h) were investigated in the synthesis of nanoparticles and also the antibacterial effect of these nanoparticles was studied on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria by Disk diffusion test and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration test (MIC). According to XRD results and analysis of TEM, nanoparticles have spherical shapes and size of 30 to 70 nm. On the other hand antibacterial tests showed these nanoparticles have more antibacterial activity more than other extracts. Result showed the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Berberis vulgaris is a clean, inexpensive and safe method that has not been used any toxic substance and consequently does not side effects and this nanoparticles has a high antibacterial activity., (Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Introduction: Culex spp, a prevalent mosquito in many tropical countries, causes filarial fever among human beings. The easiest way to prevent this disease is to eliminate the vector. The present study aimed to compare the effect of the extract of aerial parts of Hyoscyamus niger and Nerium oleander on larva killing. Materials and methods: Aerial parts of the plant were collected and dried. Methanol was used for extraction and the solvent was removed with a rotary evaporator. Mosquito larvae were collected and identified from stagnant water pits and ponds around Birjand, Iran. The larvae were then placed on a plate containing a certain concentration of the extract of oleander or henbane separately, and their mortality rates were recorded and analyzed. Results: H. niger and N. oleander alcoholic extract of aerial parts both had a positive effect on eliminating larvae of the Culex spp., but the flower extract of henbane was the most powerful extract after 72 hours (LC50= 0.46 ppm) and the stem extract of henbane was the weakest one (LC50= 37.57 ppm). Conclusion: Due to the strong larvicidal effect of the henbane extract in 72 hours compared to other extracts, it is suggested that it be used as an organic pesticide to eliminate Culex spp larvae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]