Search

Two new damarane-type saponins, named gylongiposides II-III (1 and 2), along with one known compound, (23S)-3β,20ξ,21ξ-trihydroxy-19-oxo-21,23-epoxydammar-24-ene 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside, were isolated from the leaves of Gynostemma longipes C.Y.Wu. Their structures were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectra. Compounds 1-3 exhibited moderate activity against four human cancer cell lines, A-549, HT-29, OVCAR, and MCF-7, with IC50 values ranging from 9.8 +/- 2.1 to 49.6 +/- 2.6 μM.

Two new oleanane-type triterpene saponins, named glomeruloside I (1) and glomeruloside II (2), were isolated from the leaves of Glochidion glomerulatum (Miq.) Boerl. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, MS data, and chemical methods.

Three new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, 7β,16α,17-trihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (1), 7β,17-dihydroxy-16α-ent-kauran-19-oic acid 19-O-β-d-glucopyranoside ester (2), 7β,17-dihydroxy-ent-kaur-15-en-19-oic acid 19-O-β-d-glucopyranoside ester (3) along with five known compounds, paniculoside IV (4), 16α,17-dihydroxy-ent-kaurane (5), 16β,17-dihydroxy-ent-kaurane (6), 16β,17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-al (7), and 16β,17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (8) were isolated from the fruits of Annona glabra. Their chemical structures were elucidated by physical and chemical methods. All compounds were evaluated for inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. As the results, compound 3 showed potent inhibitory LPS-stimulated NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages with the IC50 value of 0.01±0.01μM; compounds 1 and 7 showed significant inhibitory NO production with the IC50 values of 0.39±0.12μM and 0.32±0.04μM, respectively., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Bioassay-guided fractionation based on the anti-inflammatory activity of a methanol extract of Ficus microcarpa leaves led to the isolation of seven galactolipids: 2(S)-3-O-octadeca-9Z,12Z,15Z-trienoylglyceryl-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (1), (2S)-2,3-O-dioctadeca-9Z,12Z,15Z-trienoylglyceryl-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), (2S)-2,3-O-dioctadeca-9Z,12Z-dienoylglyceryl-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (3), (2S)-3-O-octadeca-9Z,12Z,15Z-trienoylglyceryl-6'-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (4), (2S)-2,3-O-dioctadeca-9Z,12Z,15Z-trienoylglyceryl-6'-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (5), gingerglycolipid B (6), and (2S)-2,3-O-dioctadeca-9Z,12Z-dienoylglyceryl-6'-O-(α-D-galactopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside (7). Their chemical structures were elucidated by mass, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectroscopic methods as well as chemical methods. The antiinflammatory effect of these compounds on TNF-α induced IL-8 secretion in the HT-29 cell line was evaluated. All above galactolipids showed significant inhibition ranging 40% at a concentration of 50 μM. The results suggest that galactolipids from the leaves of F. microcarpa may be used as potent anti-inflammatory agents.

A novel withanolide glucoside, plantagiolide I (1), a new withanolide glucoside, plantagiolide J (2), and six known compounds (3-8) were isolated from the whole plant of Tacca plantaginea. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compound 3 significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-induced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with IC(50) values of 9.0 µM. Compounds 1-8 enhanced the transcriptional activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in a dose-dependent manner, with EC(50) values ranging from 1.6 to 49.7 µM. In addition, the transactivational effects of compounds 1-8 on three individual PPAR subtypes, including PPARα, β(δ), and γ were evaluated. Compounds 1-8 significantly activated the transcriptional activity of PPARβ(δ), with EC(50) values in a ranging from 4.1 to 29.6 µM. These results provide scientific support for the use of T. plantaginea and its components for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory and metabolic diseases.