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Your search keyword '"Mamrutha, Harohalli Masthigowda"' showing total 4 results
Start Over Author "Mamrutha, Harohalli Masthigowda" Topic plant breeding
4 results on '"Mamrutha, Harohalli Masthigowda"'

1. Integrated genomic selection for rapid improvement of crops.

Author

Krishnappa G, Savadi S, Tyagi BS, Singh SK, Mamrutha HM, Kumar S, Mishra CN, Khan H, Gangadhara K, Uday G, Singh G, and Singh GP

Subjects
Animals, Crops, Agricultural genetics, Genome, Genomics methods, Plant Breeding methods, Selection, Genetic
Abstract

An increase in the rate of crop improvement is essential for achieving sustained food production and other needs of ever-increasing population. Genomic selection (GS) is a potential breeding tool that has been successfully employed in animal breeding and is being incorporated into plant breeding. GS promises accelerated breeding cycles through a rapid selection of superior genotypes. Numerous empirical and simulation studies on GS and realized impacts on improvement in the crop yields are recently being reported. For a holistic understanding of the technology, we briefly discuss the concept of genetic gain, GS methodology, its current status, advantages of GS over other breeding methods, prediction models, and the factors controlling prediction accuracy in GS. Also, integration of speed breeding and other novel technologies viz. high throughput genotyping and phenotyping technologies for enhancing the efficiency and pace of GS, followed by its prospective applications in varietal development programs is reviewed., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2021
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2. Pollen viability as a potential trait for screening heat-tolerant wheat (

Author

Mamrutha Harohalli Masthigowda, Davinder Sharma, Rinki Khobra, Gopalareddy Krishnappa, Hanif Khan, Sanjay Kumar Singh, Gyanendra Singh, and Gyanendra Pratap Singh

Subjects
Plant Breeding, Pollen, Plant Science, Edible Grain, Agronomy and Crop Science, Antioxidants, Heat-Shock Response, Triticum
Abstract

High temperature during reproductive stage of winter crops causes sterility of pollen grains and reduced yield. It is essential to find the genotypes with higher pollen viability, as it is most sensitive to temperature extremes. A field study was conducted with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes to understand the effect of high temperature on pollen viability and grain yield for 2 years under timely (TS) and late sown (LS) conditions. A strong correlation was observed between higher pollen viability and higher grain yield under heat stress condition. Genotypes like K7903, HD2932, WH730 and RAJ3765 showed higher pollen viability, whereas DBW17, HUW468, RAJ4014 and UP2425 had lower pollen viability under LS condition. Further, the quantification of antioxidant enzymes activity mainly, Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POD) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) has showed significant variation among study genotypes. Thus, the identified high pollen viability genotypes can serve as a potential source for trait based breeding under heat stress in wheat. The present study is a first of its kind to assess more number of wheat genotypes for pollen viability and antioxidants activity under field condition. It also confirms that pollen viability can be used as a potential trait to screen genotypes for heat stress tolerance in wheat.

Published
2022

3. Translating Physiological Tools to Augment Crop Breeding

Author

Mamrutha Harohalli Masthigowda, Krishnappa Gopalareddy, Rinki Khobra, Gyanendra Singh, Gyanendra Pratap Singh, Mamrutha Harohalli Masthigowda, Krishnappa Gopalareddy, Rinki Khobra, Gyanendra Singh, and Gyanendra Pratap Singh

Subjects
Plant breeding, Plant genetic engineering, Plant physiology
Abstract

This book covers different physiological processes, tools, and their application in crop breeding. Each chapter emphasizes on a specific trait/physiological process and its importance in crop, their phenotyping information and how best it can be employed for crop improvement by projecting on success stories in different crops. It covers wide range of physiological topics including advances in field phenotyping, role of endophytic fungi, metabolomics, application of stable isotopes, high throughput phenomics, transpiration efficiency, root phenotyping and root exudates for improved resource use efficiency, cuticular wax and its application, advances in photosynthetic studies, leaf spectral reflectance and physiological breeding in hardy crops like millets. This book also covers the futuristic research areas like artificial intelligence and machine learning. This contributed volume compiles all application parts of physiological tools along with their advanced research in these areas, which is very much need of the hour for both academics and researchers for ready reference. This book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, climate change scientists, capacity builders, and policy makers. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, physiology, botany, ecology, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists will also find this a useful resource.

Published
2023

4. Identification and characterization of multiple abiotic stress tolerance genes in wheat

Author

Rakesh, Kumar, Mamrutha Harohalli, Masthigowda, Amandeep, Kaur, Nabin, Bhusal, Ankita, Pandey, Satish, Kumar, Chandranath, Mishra, Gyanendra, Singh, and Gyanendra Pratap, Singh

Subjects
Plant Breeding, Genotype, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Stress, Physiological, Triticum, Plant Proteins, Transcription Factors
Abstract

Wheat is produced worldwide over six continents with the European Union, China, India, Russia, and the United States as major producer countries. The productivity was recorded 749 million tons by harvesting from 220-million-hectare land. It is the need of the hour to develop stress-tolerant wheat varieties to enhance the productivity by 60% to provide food security to 9.6 billion-world population by 2050. Although the genotypes have been identified for heat, drought and salt tolerance, their underlying mechanism for tolerance is poorly understood. The detailed understanding of the mechanism and identification of critical factors participating in multiple abiotic stress tolerance is essential. In the present study, the contrasting wheat genotypes were intensely characterized and assessed for the expression of different stress responsive genes under lab conditions. The expression analysis revealed that SHN1, DREB6, NHX2 and AVP1 were found to be highly induced under heat, salt and drought stresses in wheat. Thus, these genes can be used as signature genes to identify the multiple stress-tolerant varieties in the breeding program. The novel variants of these genes can be targeted through breeding or genetic engineering or genome editing strategies to develop multiple abiotic stress tolerant wheat varieties.

Published
2020

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