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17 results on '"Salcedo Romero de Ávila"'

1. Reprint of 'Evidence for color dichotomy in the primordial Neptunian Trojan population'

Author

Peter Doel, V. Scarpine, Kyle Franson, Larissa Markwardt, Pedro Bernadinelli, Carlos E. Cunha, Tim Eifler, E. Suchyta, Douglas L. Tucker, Tali Khain, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Kyler Kuehn, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, J. Annis, L. N. da Costa, Fred C. Adams, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, T. M. C. Abbott, David J. Brooks, K. Honscheid, E. J. Sanchez, Jennifer L. Marshall, W. C. Wester, B. Flaugher, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Juliette C. Becker, D. L. Hollowood, A. A. Plazas, Ramon Miquel, S. Allam, R. C. Smith, M. A. G. Maia, C. B. D'Andrea, S. Hamilton, M. Carrasco Kind, Masao Sako, G. Tarle, A. Carnero Rosell, Flavia Sobreira, David J. James, J. De Vicente, Hsing Wen Lin, Gary Bernstein, M. Smith, A. K. Romer, D. W. Gerdes, and N. P. Kuropatkin

Subjects
Physics, Solar System, education.field_of_study, Planetesimal, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Jovian, Space and Planetary Science, Trojan, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Trans-Neptunian object, Eccentricity (behavior), education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common
Abstract

In the current model of early Solar System evolution, the stable members of the Jovian and Neptunian Trojan populations were captured into resonance from the leftover reservoir of planetesimals during the outward migration of the giant planets. As a result, both Jovian and Neptunian Trojans share a common origin with the primordial disk population, whose other surviving members constitute today’s trans-Neptunian object (TNO) populations. The cold (low inclination and small eccentricity) classical TNOs are ultra-red, while the dynamically excited “hot” (high inclination and larger eccentricity) population of TNOs contains a mixture of ultra-red and blue objects. In contrast, Jovian and Neptunian Trojans are observed to be blue. While the absence of ultra-red Jovian Trojans can be readily explained by the sublimation of volatile material from their surfaces due to the high flux of solar radiation at 5 AU, the lack of ultra-red Neptunian Trojans presents both a puzzle and a challenge to formation models. In this work we report the discovery by the Dark Energy Survey (DES) of two new dynamically stable L4 Neptunian Trojans, 2013 VX30 and 2014 UU240, both with inclinations i > 30°, making them the highest-inclination known stable Neptunian Trojans. We have measured the colors of these and three other dynamically stable Neptunian Trojans previously observed by DES, and find that 2013 VX30 is ultra-red, the first such Neptunian Trojan in its class. As such, 2013 VX30 may be a “missing link” between the Trojan and TNO populations. Using a simulation of the DES TNO detection efficiency, we find that there are 162 ± 73 Trojans with Hr

Published
2019

2. Constraints on dark matter properties from observations of Milky Way satellite galaxies

Author

A. K. Romer, J. Carretero, Annika H. G. Peter, P. Doel, Antonella Palmese, M. A. G. Maia, Vera Gluscevic, Tenglin Li, Ethan O. Nadler, David J. James, A. R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, S. Desai, Gregory M. Green, Keith Bechtol, Josh Frieman, S. Everett, V. Scarpine, H. T. Diehl, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Dragan Huterer, W. C. Wester, B. Flaugher, Samuel Hinton, J. De Vicente, G. Gutierrez, S. Serrano, J. Annis, D. L. Burke, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, J. Gschwend, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Kimberly K. Boddy, M. Smith, Jennifer L. Marshall, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, S. Mau, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Costanzi, M. Carrasco Kind, Daniel Gruen, A. A. Plazas, E. J. Sanchez, M. McNanna, Michel Aguena, M. E. C. Swanson, K. Honscheid, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Andrew B. Pace, Yao-Yuan Mao, Felipe Menanteau, D. W. Gerdes, F. Paz-Chinchón, Elisabeth Krause, A. H. Riley, David J. Brooks, G. Tarle, Ramon Miquel, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Risa H. Wechsler, Bhuvnesh Jain, Ofer Lahav, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Nadler, E. O., Drlica-Wagner, A., Bechtol, K., Mau, S., Wechsler, R. H., Gluscevic, V., Boddy, K., Pace, A. B., T. S., Li, Mcnanna, M., Riley, A. H., García-Bellido, J., Mao, Y. -Y., Green, G., Burke, D. L., Peter, A., Jain, B., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Brooks, D., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, D. L., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), European Commission, Generalitat de Catalunya, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), and Department of Energy (US)

Subjects
Scattering cross-section, Milky Way, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Halo, Particle dark matter, Dwarf Galaxies, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxie, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Satellite galaxy, Dark Matter, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysic, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Física, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Matter wave
Abstract

Nadler, Ethan O, et al. DES Collaboration, We perform a comprehensive study of Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies to constrain the fundamental properties of dark matter (DM). This analysis fully incorporates inhomogeneities in the spatial distribution and detectability of MW satellites and marginalizes over uncertainties in the mapping between galaxies and DM halos, the properties of the MW system, and the disruption of subhalos by the MW disk. Our results are consistent with the cold, collisionless DM paradigm and yield the strongest cosmological constraints to date on particle models of warm, interacting, and fuzzy dark matter. At 95% confidence, we report limits on (i) the mass of thermal relic warm DM, mWDM>6.5 keV (free-streaming length, λfs≲10h-1 kpc), (ii) the velocity-independent DM-proton scattering cross section, σ02.9×10-21 eV (de Broglie wavelength, λdB≲0.5 kpc). These constraints are complementary to other observational and laboratory constraints on DM properties., The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under Grants No. ESP2017-89838, No. PGC2018-094773, No. PGC2018-102021, No. SEV-2016-0588, No. SEV-2016-0597, and No. MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. I. F. A. E. is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC Grant Agreements No. 240672, No. 291329, and No. 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq Grant No. 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.

Published
2021

3. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of >4000 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author

Eli S. Rykoff, Jo Dunkley, E. Bertin, Ofer Lahav, Nick Battaglia, M. Soares-Santos, Hironao Miyatake, Shannon M. Duff, R. D. Wilkinson, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, L. N. da Costa, Joel N. Ullom, Robert Morgan, D. L. Burke, Devin Crichton, Kavilan Moodley, Peter Doel, Alexandra Amon, Edward J. Wollack, N. C. Robertson, H. T. Diehl, Joseph E. Golec, Sunayana Bhargava, Samuel Hinton, Emmanuel Schaan, Enrique Gaztanaga, Megan Gralla, David N. Spergel, Johannes Hubmayr, Simon Dicker, David Bacon, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Simone Ferraro, C. Aros-Bunster, Felipe Menanteau, G. Gutierrez, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Daniel Thomas, Ramon Miquel, Michael D. Niemack, I. Ferrero, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, J. P. Dietrich, Niall MacCrann, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Tesla E. Jeltema, David J. James, Yanxi Zhang, A. K. Romer, Ben Hoyle, Hy Trac, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, J. Gschwend, A. A. Plazas, Brian J. Koopman, Rolando Dünner, Zhilei Xu, Simone Aiola, Behzad Ansarinejad, A. Choi, Jeff McMahon, Eduardo Rozo, Gary Bernstein, K. Honscheid, Michel Aguena, Tanay Bhandarkar, Dan Becker, C. Sifon, Neelima Sehgal, Bhuvnesh Jain, Laura Newburgh, Dongwon Han, F. Paz-Chinchón, J. R. Bond, Kyler Kuehn, Peter Melchior, M. Carrasco Kind, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Steve K. Choi, Suzanne T. Staggs, Paul Giles, R. L. C. Ogando, J. C. Hill, Federico Nati, M. E. C. Swanson, E. V. Denison, Kevin T. Crowley, Tony Mroczkowski, W. G. Hartley, Antonella Palmese, Martine Lokken, S. Kent, Alessandro Schillaci, Masamune Oguri, John P. Hughes, M. A. G. Maia, Maria Salatino, S. Amodeo, T. Shin, S. Adhikari, M. Hasselfield, M. Costanzi, S. I. Loubser, J. Van Lanen, B. Partridge, Sigurd Naess, Adam D. Hincks, J. A. Beall, B. Flaugher, S. M. Simon, Jason E. Austermann, S. P. Ho, John Orlowski-Scherer, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, J. Martin, D. W. Gerdes, J. Annis, Kenda Knowles, David J. Brooks, Erminia Calabrese, Emilie R. Storer, Gene C. Hilton, Leila R. Vale, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Phumlani Phakathi, Josh Frieman, Yen-Ting Lin, T. M. C. Abbott, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, J. Carretero, E. Suchyta, Matt Hilton, Christopher J. Conselice, Tobias A. Marriage, Sebastian Grandis, A. Carnero Rosell, Agnès Ferté, Anton T. Jaelani, Marcos Lima, S. Everett, S. Serrano, Lyman A. Page, J. De Vicente, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, G. Tarle, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Hilton, M, Sifon, C, Naess, S, Madhavacheril, M, Oguri, M, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Adhikari, S, Aguena, M, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Amodeo, S, Amon, A, Annis, J, Ansarinejad, B, Abbott, T, Aros-Bunster, C, Austermann, J, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bernstein, G, Bertin, E, Bhandarkar, T, Bhargava, S, Bond, J, Brooks, D, Burke, D, Calabrese, E, Carrasco Kind, M, Carretero, J, Choi, S, Choi, A, Conselice, C, Da Costa, L, Costanzi, M, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Dunner, R, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Dicker, S, Diehl, H, Dietrich, J, Doel, P, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferte, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Ferrero, I, Gallardo, P, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Giles, P, Golec, J, Gralla, M, Grandis, S, Gruen, D, Gerdes, D, Gruendl, R, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Han, D, Hartley, W, Hasselfield, M, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hincks, A, Hinton, S, Ho, S, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Jaelani, A, Jain, B, James, D, Jeltema, T, Kent, S, Knowles, K, Koopman, B, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lin, Y, Lokken, M, Loubser, S, Maccrann, N, Maia, M, Marriage, T, Martin, J, Mcmahon, J, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Mroczkowski, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Nishizawa, A, Miyatake, H, Ogando, R, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Page, L, Palmese, A, Partridge, B, Paz-Chinchon, F, Phakathi, P, Plazas, A, Robertson, N, Romer, A, Carnero Rosell, A, Sanchez, E, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Serrano, S, Shin, T, Simon, S, Smith, M, Salatino, M, Soares-Santos, M, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, To, C, Trac, H, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, De Vicente, J, Wilkinson, R, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Zhan, Y, Hilton, M., Sifón, C., Naess, S., Madhavacheril, M., Oguri, M., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Abbott, T. M. C., Adhikari, S., Aguena, M., Aiola, S., Allam, S., Amodeo, S., Amon, A., Annis, J., Ansarinejad, B., Aros-Bunster, C., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Battaglia, N., Beall, J. A., Becker, D. T., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhandarkar, T., Bhargava, S., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Carretero, J., Choi, S. K., Choi, A., Conselice, C., da Costa, L. N., Costanzi, M., Crichton, D., Crowley, K. T., Dünner, R., Denison, E. V., Devlin, M. J., Dicker, S. R., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Duff, S. M., Duivenvoorden, A. J., Dunkley, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giles, P., Golec, J. E., Gralla, M. B., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Han, D., Hartley, W. G., Hasselfield, M., Hill, J. C., Hilton, G. C., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., S-P. P., Ho, Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K. M., Hughes, J. P., Jaelani, A. T., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Carrasco Kind, M., Knowles, K., Koopman, B. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, Y-T., Lokken, M., Loubser, S. I., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marriage, T. A., Martin, J., Mcmahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Miyatake, H., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Mroczkowski, T., Nati, F., Newburgh, L. B., Niemack, M. D., Nishizawa, A. J., Ogando, R. L. C., Orlowski-Scherer, J., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Partridge, B., Paz-Chinchón, F., Phakathi, P., Plazas, A. A., Robertson, N. C., Romer, A. K., Carnero Rosell, A., Salatino, M., Sanchez, E., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sehgal, N., Serrano, S., Shin, T., Simon, S. M., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D. N., Staggs, S. T., Storer, E. R., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Trac, H., Ullom, J. N., Vale, L. R., Van Lanen, J., Vavagiakis, E. M., De Vicente, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wollack, E. J., Xu, Z., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Galaxy clusters, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmology, Galaxy clusters, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, AGLOMERADOS (GALÁXIA), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, XMM-newton Telescope, Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope
Abstract

Hilton, M., et al., We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise ratio >4 in 13,211 deg of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multifrequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008 to 2018 and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ signal versus mass-scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M > 3.8 × 10 M, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio >5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2 4. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems, clusters with strong lensing features, clusters with active central galaxies or star formation, and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr., The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under Grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Unionʼs Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).

Published
2021

4. C/2014 UN271(Bernardinelli-Bernstein): The Nearly Spherical Cow of Comets

Author

David J. James, R. Cawthon, H. T. Diehl, Maria E. S. Pereira, Josh Frieman, Ramon Miquel, Y.-H. Zhang, David J. Brooks, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Enrique Gaztanaga, Benjamin T. Montet, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Robert Weryk, A. Carnero Rosell, G. Tarle, R. L. C. Ogando, E. Bertin, Juan Garcia-Bellido, I. Ferrero, M. Costanzi, J. Carretero, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, A. Roodman, Richard J. Wainscoat, A. A. Plazas Malagón, J. Gschwend, Adriano Pieres, M. A. G. Maia, M. Rodriguez-Monroy, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, A. R. Walker, M. Carrasco Kind, B. Flaugher, Gary Bernstein, Samuel Hinton, Robert Morgan, S. Everett, M. N. K. Smith, F. Andrade-Oliveira, G. Gutierrez, J. De Vicente, A. K. Romer, Pedro H. Bernardinelli, K. Kuehn, Michael Troxel, E. Suchyta, Jennifer L. Marshall, J. Annis, Michael Schubnell, O. Lahav, D. L. Burke, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, C. J. Conselice, Michel Aguena, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, N. Kuropatkin, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, Felipe Menanteau, K. Honscheid, M. E. C. Swanson, F. Paz-Chinchón, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, University of Pennsylvania, University of New South Wales, University of Western Ontario, University of Hawaii, Laboratório Interinstitucional de E-Astronomia - LIneA, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, University College London, Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Trieste, INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Observatório Nacional, University of Michigan, Universitat Hamburg, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, University of Oslo, University of Chicago, Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Institute of Space Sciences (ICE CSIC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, University of Queensland, Ohio State University, Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian, Macquarie University, Lowell Observatory, Texas A and M University, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats, University of Cambridge, Peyton Hall, University of Sussex, University of Southampton, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Duke University, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat München, NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Bernardinelli, P. H., Bernstein, G. M., Montet, B. T., Weryk, R., Wainscoat, R., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Kind, M. C., Carretero, J., Cawthon, R., Conselice, C., Costanzi, M., Da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., De Vicente, J., Diehl, H. T., Everett, S., Ferrero, I., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Morgan, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchon, F., Pieres, A., Malagon, A. A. P., Rodriguez-Monroy, M., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., To, C., Troxel, M. A., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Rotation period, Absolute magnitude, Brightness, Long period comets, Small Solar System bodies, Comet nuclei, Comet dynamics, Comet origins, 933, 1469, 2160, 2213, 2203, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Comet, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Comet origin, Long Period Comets (933), Geometric albedo, 0103 physical sciences, Comet Nuclei (2160), Surface brightness, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Long period comet, Small Solar System Bodies (1469), 05 social sciences, Uranus, 050301 education, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Comet dynamic, Radiative equilibrium, Small Solar System bodie, Comet Dynamics (2213), Comet Origins (2203), Space and Planetary Science, 0503 education
Abstract

Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein), incoming from the Oort cloud, is remarkable in having the brightest (and presumably largest) nucleus of any well-measured comet and having been discovered at the heliocentric distance r h ≈ 29 au, farther than any Oort cloud comet. In this work, we describe the discovery process and observations and the properties that can be inferred from images recorded until the first reports of activity in 2021 June. The orbit has i = 95°, with a perihelion of 10.97 au to be reached in 2031 and a previous aphelion at 40,400 ± 260 au. Backward integration of the orbit under a standard Galactic tidal model and known stellar encounters suggests a perihelion of q ≈ 18 au on its previous perihelion passage 3.5 Myr ago; hence, the current data could be the first ever obtained of a comet that has not been inside Uranus's orbit in 4 Gyr. The photometric data show an unresolved nucleus with absolute magnitude H r = 8.0, colors that are typical of comet nuclei or Damocloids, and no secular trend as it traversed the range 34-23 au. For the r-band geometric albedo p r , this implies a diameter of km. There is strong evidence of brightness fluctuations at the ±0.2 mag level, but no rotation period can be discerned. A coma, nominally consistent with a "stationary"1/ρ surface brightness distribution, grew in scattering cross section at an exponential rate from A f ρ ≈ 1 to ≈150 m as the comet approached from 28 to 20 au. The activity rate is consistent with a very simple model of sublimation of a surface species in radiative equilibrium with the Sun. The inferred enthalpy of sublimation matches those of CO2 and NH3. More volatile species, such as N2, CH4, and CO, must be far less abundant on the sublimating surfaces., The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007–2013), including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).

Published
2021

5. Weak lensing of Type Ia Supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey

Author

Anais Möller, E. Bertin, A. K. Romer, Samuel Hinton, J. Gschwend, G. Gutierrez, A. Roodman, David J. Brooks, Sunayana Bhargava, T. N. Varga, Peter Doel, M. Smith, H. T. Diehl, Ramon Miquel, David Bacon, Ofer Lahav, Jennifer L. Marshall, Daniel Gruen, Jack Elvin-Poole, David J. James, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Kyler Kuehn, Ryan J. Foley, Geraint F. Lewis, Daniel Scolnic, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, A. R. Walker, G. Tarle, M. E. C. Swanson, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Dragan Huterer, V. Scarpine, E. Suchyta, B. Flaugher, Robert A. Gruendl, Karl Glazebrook, Felipe Menanteau, J. Annis, Daniela Carollo, M. Sako, D. W. Gerdes, Peter Melchior, C. Lidman, B. E. Tucker, D. L. Hollowood, J. Carretero, Michael Schubnell, Tamara M. Davis, S. Desai, Michel Aguena, K. Honscheid, S. Serrano, M. Costanzi, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, Antonella Palmese, M. A. G. Maia, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Jochen Weller, Marcos Lima, F. J. Castander, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Edward Macaulay, A. A. Plazas, N. E. Sommer, D. J. Brout, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, Enrique Gaztanaga, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Macaulay, E., Bacon, D., Nichol, R. C., Davis, T. M., Elvin-Poole, J., Brout, D., Carollo, D., Glazebrook, K., Hinton, S. R., Lewis, G. F., Lidman, C., Möller, A., Sako, M., Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Sommer, N. E., Tucker, B. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Flaugher, B., Foley, R. J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., Weller, J., and Des, Collaboration

Subjects
Cosmological parameter, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmological parameters, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, cosmology: observations, Large-scale structure of the universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, 0103 physical sciences, cosmological parameters, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, STFC, Angular correlation function, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, observations [cosmology], Supernova, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, Skewness, Dark energy, large-scale structure of the universe, ST/N000668/1, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], observation [cosmology]
Abstract

We consider the effects of weak gravitational lensing on observations of 196 spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) from years 1 to 3 of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We simultaneously measure both the angular correlation function and the non-Gaussian skewness caused by weak lensing. This approach has the advantage of being insensitive to the intrinsic dispersion of SNe Ia magnitudes. We model the amplitude of both effects as a function of $\sigma_8$, and find $\sigma_8 = 1.2^{+0.9}_{-0.8}$. We also apply our method to a subsample of 488 SNe from the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA) (chosen to match the redshift range we use for this work), and find $\sigma_8 = 0.8^{+1.1}_{-0.7}$. The comparable uncertainty in $\sigma_8$ between DES-SN and the larger number of SNe from JLA highlights the benefits of homogeneity of the DES-SN sample, and improvements in the calibration and data analysis., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS

Published
2020

6. A statistical standard siren measurement of the Hubble constant from the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave compact object merger GW190814 and Dark Energy Survey galaxies

Author

R. L. C. Ogando, Alistair R. Walker, Alyssa Garcia, Marcelle Soares-Santos, V. Scarpine, E. Suchyta, Josh Frieman, August E. Evrard, J. deVicente, C. Nicolaou, Enrique Gaztanaga, M. Carrasco Kind, Michael Schubnell, K. Herner, A. Roodman, Antonella Palmese, W. G. Hartley, D. A. Finley, Alex Drlica-Wagner, O. Lahav, Robert Morgan, Juan Garcia-Bellido, K. Honscheid, Dragan Huterer, J. Carretero, E. Buckley-Geer, David J. James, J. Annis, Pablo Fosalba, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Maria E. S. Pereira, I. Magaña Hernandez, M. A. G. Maia, W. C. Wester, Samuel Hinton, G. Gutierrez, David J. Brooks, G. Tarle, Elisabeth Krause, Peter Melchior, Ramon Miquel, J. Allyn Smith, Martin Crocce, R. D. Wilkinson, Sunayana Bhargava, Felipe Menanteau, Tamara M. Davis, S. Everett, Ryan J. Foley, K. Bechtol, L. N. da Costa, B. Flaugher, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. N. K. Smith, K. Kuehn, M. Sako, F. Paz-Chinchón, D. L. Hollowood, Daniel E. Holz, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, J. Zuntz, M. Costanzi, Daniel Gruen, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Juan Estrada, Michael Troxel, M. March, D. W. Gerdes, E. Bertin, Douglas L. Tucker, J. Gschwend, P. Doel, H. T. Diehl, M. S. S. Gill, Chihway Chang, C. J. Conselice, Huan Lin, S. Desai, Steve Kent, F. J. Castander, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, D. L. Burke, S. Allam, A. A. Plazas, Robert A. Gruendl, Enrique J. Fernández, Michel Aguena, European Research Council, European Commission, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Palmese, A., Devicente, J., Pereira, M. E. S., Annis, J., Hartley, W., Herner, K., Soares-Santos, M., Crocce, M., Huterer, D., Magana Hernandez, I., Davis, T. M., Garcia, A., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gschwend, J., Holz, D. E., Kessler, R., Lahav, O., Morgan, R., Nicolaou, C., Conselice, C., Foley, R. J., Gill, M. S. S., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Chang, C., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Estrada, J., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Fernandez, E., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kent, S., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Roodman, A., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Allyn Smith, J., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Troxel, M. A., Tucker, D. L., Walker, A. R., Wester, W., Wilkinson, R. D., and Zuntz, J.

Subjects
Cosmological parameter, star: compact, cosmological model, coalescence, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics, Surveys, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, localization, Cosmology, Cosmological parameters, Gravitational waves, Hubble constant, Redshift surveys, Gravitational wave astronomy, parameter space, LIGO, Survey, dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Photometric redshift, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, density, photon, Mathematics::History and Overview, GALÁXIAS, Redshift survey, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, statistical analysis, Binary black hole, 0103 physical sciences, distribution function, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, gravitational radiation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, redshift, Galaxy, Redshift, Black hole, VIRGO, electromagnetic, black hole: binary, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

DES Collaboration: et al. arXiv:2006.14961v3, We present a measurement of the Hubble constant H0 using the gravitational wave (GW) event GW190814, which resulted from the coalescence of a 23 M⊙ black hole with a 2.6 M⊙ compact object, as a standard siren. No compelling electromagnetic counterpart has been identified for this event; thus our analysis accounts for thousands of potential host galaxies within a statistical framework. The redshift information is obtained from the photometric redshift (photo-z) catalog from the Dark Energy Survey. The luminosity distance is provided by the LIGO/Virgo gravitational wave sky map. Since this GW event has the second-smallest localization volume after GW170817, GW190814 is likely to provide the best constraint on cosmology from a single standard siren without identifying an electromagnetic counterpart. Our analysis uses photo-z probability distribution functions and corrects for photo-z biases. We also reanalyze the binary black hole GW170814 within this updated framework. We explore how our findings impact the H0 constraints from GW170817, the only GW merger associated with a unique host galaxy. From a combination of GW190814, GW170814, and GW170817, our analysis yields ${H}_{0}={72.0}_{-8.2}^{+12}\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$(68% highest-density interval, HDI) for a prior in H0 uniform between $[20\mathrm{and}140]\,\mathrm{km}\,{{\rm{s}}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{Mpc}}^{-1}$. The addition of GW190814 and GW170814 to GW170817 improves the 68% HDI from GW170817 alone by ~18%, showing how well-localized mergers without counterparts can provide a significant contribution to standard siren measurements, provided that a complete galaxy catalog is available at the location of the event., Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the DOE and NSF(USA), MEC/MICINN/MINECO(Spain), STFC(UK), HEFCE(UK). NCSA(UIUC), KICP(U. Chicago), CCAPP(Ohio State), MIFPA(Texas A&M), CNPQ, FAPERJ, FINEP (Brazil), DFG(Germany) and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-88861, FPA2015-68048, and Centro de Excelencia SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597 and MDM-2015-0509. Research leading to these results has received funding from the ERC under the EU’s 7th Framework Programme including grants ERC 240672, 291329 and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020.

Published
2020

7. STRIDES: a 3.9 per cent measurement of the Hubble constant from the strong lens system DES J0408-5354

Author

Frederic Courbin, R. L. C. Ogando, M. Costanzi, Elisabeth Krause, Anupreeta More, Marcelle Soares-Santos, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Antonella Palmese, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, M. A. G. Maia, N. Kuropatkin, David J. Brooks, Matthew W. Auger, B. Flaugher, M. Millon, Keith Bechtol, F. J. Castander, L. N. da Costa, Simon Birrer, A. Roodman, J. Poh, J. Gschwend, T. M. C. Abbott, G. Gutierrez, V. Scarpine, M. Sako, Daniel Scolnic, Peter Doel, Peter Melchior, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Basilio X. Santiago, A. R. Walker, G. Tarle, Timo Anguita, E. J. Sanchez, Ramon Miquel, A. K. Romer, Christopher D. Fassnacht, D. Brout, Anowar J. Shajib, Yanxi Zhang, Thomas E. Collett, Jennifer L. Marshall, Daniel Gilman, Marcos Lima, Joshua A. Frieman, Tenglin Li, Dominique Sluse, Tommaso Treu, E. Suchyta, Niall MacCrann, Geoff C. F. Chen, August E. Evrard, D. A. Finley, F. Paz-Chinchón, J. Carretero, J. De Vicente, Chiara Spiniello, Kenneth C. Wong, S. Desai, Cristian Rusu, A. Galan, M. Carrasco Kind, Richard G. McMahon, James H. H. Chan, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, C. Lemon, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Dragan Huterer, J. Annis, Lise Christensen, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, A. A. Plazas, D. L. Burke, Robert A. Gruendl, Huan Lin, Tesla E. Jeltema, K. Honscheid, Adriano Agnello, A. Carnero Rosell, G. Meylan, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Vivien Bonvin, Michael Schubnell, National Science Foundation (US), Danish Council for Independent Research, Villum Fonden, Swiss National Science Foundation, European Commission, Ministry of Education (Taiwan), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Department of Energy (US), Shajib, A. J., Birrer, S., Treu, T., Agnello, A., Buckley-Geer, E. J., Chan, J. H. H., Christensen, L., Lemon, C., Lin, H., Millon, M., Poh, J., Rusu, C. E., Sluse, D., Spiniello, C., Chen, G. C. -F., Collett, T., Courbin, F., Fassnacht, C. D., Frieman, J., Galan, A., Gilman, D., More, A., Anguita, T., Auger, M. W., Bonvin, V., Mcmahon, R., Meylan, G., Wong, K. C., Abbott, T. M. C., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Brooks, D., Brout, D., Burke, D. L., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Costanzi Alunno Cerbolini, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Evrard, A. E., Finley, D. A., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., García-Bellido, J., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., Huterer, D., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Krause, E., Kuropatkin, N., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Scolnic, D., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Walker, A. R., Zhang, Y., McMahon, Richard [0000-0001-8447-8869], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), time delays, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmological parameters, internal structure, h-0, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, acs survey, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, distance scale, strong [Gravitational lensing], 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology, law.invention, symbols.namesake, models, multi-gaussian expansion, law, 0103 physical sciences, cosmological parameters, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, gravitational lensing: strong, cosmology: observations, Physics, Distance scale, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Angular diameter distance, Cosmic distance ladder, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, density profile, elliptic galaxies, Redshift, Lens (optics), stellar-systems, Space and Planetary Science, symbols, astro-ph.CO, mass, cosmological parameter, Hubble's law, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Full author list: A J Shajib, S Birrer, T Treu, A Agnello, E J Buckley-Geer, J H H Chan, L Christensen, C Lemon, H Lin, M Millon, J Poh, C E Rusu, D Sluse, C Spiniello, G C-F Chen, T Collett, F Courbin, C D Fassnacht, J Frieman, A Galan, D Gilman, A More, T Anguita, M W Auger, V Bonvin, R McMahon, G Meylan, K C Wong, T M C Abbott, J Annis, S Avila, K Bechtol, D Brooks, D Brout, D L Burke, A Carnero Rosell, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, F J Castander, M Costanzi, L N da Costa, J De Vicente, S Desai, J P Dietrich, P Doel, A Drlica-Wagner, A E Evrard, D A Finley, B Flaugher, P Fosalba, J García-Bellido, D W Gerdes, D Gruen, R A Gruendl, J Gschwend, G Gutierrez, D L Hollowood, K Honscheid, D Huterer, D J James, T Jeltema, E Krause, N Kuropatkin, T S Li, M Lima, N MacCrann, M A G Maia, J L Marshall, P Melchior, R Miquel, R L C Ogando, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, A A Plazas, A K Romer, A Roodman, M Sako, E Sanchez, B Santiago, V Scarpine, M Schubnell, D Scolnic, S Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M Smith, M Soares-Santos, E Suchyta, G Tarle, D Thomas, A R Walker, Y Zhang, We present a blind time-delay cosmographic analysis for the lens system DES J0408-5354. This system is extraordinary for the presence of two sets of multiple images at different redshifts, which provide the opportunity to obtain more information at the cost of increased modelling complexity with respect to previously analysed systems. We perform detailed modelling of the mass distribution for this lens system using three band Hubble Space Telescope imaging. We combine the measured time delays, line-of-sight central velocity dispersion of the deflector, and statistically constrained external convergence with our lens models to estimate two cosmological distances. We measure the 'effective' time-delay distance corresponding to the redshifts of the deflector and the lensed quasar DΔ t eff=3382-115+146 Mpc and the angular diameter distance to the deflector Dd = 1711-280+376 Mpc, with covariance between the two distances. From these constraints on the cosmological distances, we infer the Hubble constant H0= 74.2-3.0+2.7 km s-1 Mpc-1 assuming a flat ΛCDM cosmology and a uniform prior for ωm as \Omega m ∼ \mathcal {U(0.05, 0.5). This measurement gives the most precise constraint on H0 to date from a single lens. Our measurement is consistent with that obtained from the previous sample of six lenses analysed by the H0 Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring (H0LiCOW) collaboration. It is also consistent with measurements of H0 based on the local distance ladder, reinforcing the tension with the inference from early Universe probes, for example, with 2.2σ discrepancy from the cosmic microwave background measurement., TT acknowledges support by the Packard Foundation through a Packard Research fellowship and by the National Science Foundation through NSF grants AST-1714953 and AST-1906976. This project is partly funded by the Danish council for independent research under the project ‘Fundamentals of Dark Matter Structures’, DFF - 6108-00470. AA was supported by a grant from VILLUM FONDEN (project number 16599). JHHC, MM, CL, DS, FC, and AG acknowledge support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (COSMICLENS: grant agreement No 787866). CS has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions grant agreement No 664931. GCFC acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education in Taiwan via Government Scholarship to Study Abroad (GSSA). CDF and GCFC acknowledge support for this work from the National Science Foundation under Grant No AST-1715611. TA acknowledges support from Proyecto FONDECYT N○ 1190335. KCW was supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan. This work used computational and storage services associated with the Hoffman2 Shared Cluster provided by UCLA Institute for Digital Research and Education’s Research Technology Group. This work used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) through allocation TG-AST190038, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number ACI-1548562 (Towns et al. 2014). Specifically, this work used the Comet and Oasis system at the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC), and the Bridges system, which is supported by NSF award number ACI-1445606, at the Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC, Nystrom et al. 2015). AJS thanks Smadar Naoz for providing access to additional computing nodes on the Hoffman2 Shared Cluster and Khalid Jawed for assisting with additional computational resources from the Structures–Computer Interaction Laboratory at UCLA. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).

Published
2020

8. Constraints on the redshift evolution of astrophysical feedback with Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect cross-correlations

Author

I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Jennifer L. Marshall, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, J. Orlowski-Scherer, Bhuvnesh Jain, Ramon Miquel, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Elisabeth Krause, Risa H. Wechsler, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Felipe Menanteau, J. De Vicente, P. Doel, S. B. Pandey, David J. Brooks, Ravi K. Sheth, G. Tarle, Flavia Sobreira, M. E. C. Swanson, Adam Lidz, S. Desai, J. C. Hill, W. G. Hartley, R. Cawthon, E. Bertin, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, M. J. Devlin, F. J. Castander, Zhilei Xu, Joshua A. Frieman, E. Buckley-Geer, A. Carnero Rosell, James E. Aguirre, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, D. W. Gerdes, J. Gschwend, M. A. G. Maia, J. Carretero, David J. James, E. J. Baxter, J. P. Dietrich, Juan Garcia-Bellido, J. DeRose, M. Carrasco Kind, E. J. Sanchez, K. Kuehn, H. T. Diehl, Peter Melchior, A. A. Plazas, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Robert A. Gruendl, Ningfeng Zhu, B. Flaugher, M. N. K. Smith, P. Fosalba, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica

Subjects
High energy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Higher education, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, European research, Física, Cosmology, 13. Climate action, Research council, Fundamental physics, Christian ministry, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], business, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

An understanding of astrophysical feedback is important for constraining models of galaxy formation and for extracting cosmological information from current and future weak lensing surveys. The thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, quantified via the Compton-$y$ parameter, is a powerful tool for studying feedback, because it directly probes the pressure of the hot, ionized gas residing in dark matter halos. Cross-correlations between galaxies and maps of Compton-$y$ obtained from cosmic microwave background surveys are sensitive to the redshift evolution of the gas pressure, and its dependence on halo mass. In this work, we use galaxies identified in year one data from the Dark Energy Survey and Compton-$y$ maps constructed from Planck observations. We find highly significant (roughly $12\sigma$) detections of galaxy-$y$ cross-correlation in multiple redshift bins. By jointly fitting these measurements as well as measurements of galaxy clustering, we constrain the halo bias-weighted, gas pressure of the Universe as a function of redshift between $0.15 \lesssim z \lesssim 0.75$. We compare these measurements to predictions from hydrodynamical simulations, allowing us to constrain the amount of thermal energy in the halo gas relative to that resulting from gravitational collapse., Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, comments welcome

Published
2019

9. Three new VHS-DES quasars at 6.7 < z < 6.9 and emission line properties at z > 6.5

Author

R. L. C. Ogando, Enrique Gaztanaga, Vinu Vikram, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Jennifer L. Marshall, David J. James, Michael Rauch, George D. Becker, Paul C. Hewett, V. Scarpine, G. Tarle, G. Gutierrez, A. Roodman, R. C. Smith, A. Carnero Rosell, J. De Vicente, M. Carrasco Kind, Daniel Thomas, Ofer Lahav, E. Buckley-Geer, J. Annis, C. B. D'Andrea, B. Flaugher, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Flavia Sobreira, Michael Schubnell, E. Pons, Shantanu Desai, Ben Hoyle, A. A. Plazas, Carlos E. Cunha, K. Honscheid, S. L. Reed, F. J. Castander, S. Allam, T. M. C. Abbott, J. Gschwend, E. J. Sanchez, Paul Martini, M. A. G. Maia, Ramon Miquel, E. Bertin, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, L. N. da Costa, M. Banerji, David J. Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, J. Carretero, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Richard G. McMahon, Josh Frieman, Juan Garcia-Bellido, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, and Marcos Lima

Subjects
formation [galaxies], first stars, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Virial theorem, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, individual: VDES J0020-3653 [quasars], Emission spectrum, dark ages, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Reionization, STFC, Line (formation), Physics, biology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, biology.organism_classification, Galaxias, individual: VDES J0246-5219 [quasars], 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, indiviual: VDES J0244-5008 [quasars], active [galaxies], Dark Ages, reionization, individual: VDES J0224-4711 [quasars], high-redshift [galaxies]
Abstract

We report the results from a search for z > 6.5 quasars using the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 dataset combined with the VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) and WISE All-Sky Survey. Our photometric selection method is shown to be highly efficient in identifying clean samples of high-redshift quasars leading to spectroscopic confirmation of three new quasars - VDESJ 0244-5008 (z=6.724), VDESJ 0020-3653 (z=6.834) and VDESJ 0246-5219 (z=6.90) - which were selected as the highest priority candidates in the survey data without any need for additional follow-up observations. The new quasars span the full range in luminosity covered by other z>6.5 quasar samples (J AB = 20.2 to 21.3; M1450 = -25.6 to -26.6). We have obtained spectroscopic observations in the near infrared for VDESJ 0244-5008 and VDESJ 0020-3653 as well as our previously identified quasar, VDESJ 0224-4711 at z=6.50 from Reed et al. (2017). We use the near infrared spectra to derive virial black-hole masses from the full-width-half-maximum of the MgII line. These black-hole masses are ~ 1 - 2 x 10$^9$M$_\odot$. Combining with the bolometric luminosities of these quasars of L$_{\rm{bol}}\simeq$ 1 - 3 x 10$^{47}$implies that the Eddington ratios are high - $\simeq$0.6-1.1. We consider the C\textrm{\textsc{IV}} emission line properties of the sample and demonstrate that our high-redshift quasars do not have unusual C\textrm{\textsc{IV}} line properties when compared to carefully matched low-redshift samples. Our new DES+VHS $z>6.5$ quasars now add to the growing census of luminous, rapidly accreting supermassive black-holes seen well into the epoch of reionisation.

Published
2019

10. Superluminous supernovae from the dark energy survey

Author

Marcos Lima, Edward Macaulay, Tim Eifler, M. Pursiainen, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Ramon Miquel, F. J. Castander, C. B. D'Andrea, Rafe Schindler, J. Gschwend, P. Wiseman, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, A. K. Romer, T. M. C. Abbott, Felipe Menanteau, J. Carretero, Ben Hoyle, Shantanu Desai, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, C. Lidman, Chris Curtin, E. J. Sanchez, David Brooks, Robert C. Nichol, M. Sako, Cosimo Inserra, D. L. Burke, R. C. Thomas, J. De Vicente, D. L. Hollowood, Peter J. Brown, Ofer Lahav, Daniel Thomas, Jacobo Asorey, Richard Kessler, Joshua A. Frieman, Robert A. Gruendl, E. Buckley-Geer, A. A. Plazas, Flavia Sobreira, M. A. G. Maia, A. Carnero Rosell, E. Bertin, David J. James, Peter Doel, W. G. Hartley, Ricard Casas, M. E. C. Swanson, Pablo Fosalba, C. Angus, M. March, H. T. Diehl, N. Kuropatkin, Karl Glazebrook, L. N. da Costa, C. Frohmaier, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Michael Schubnell, K. Honscheid, M. Childress, B. Flaugher, Lluís Galbany, Peter Nugent, Mark Sullivan, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Jennifer L. Marshall, C. J. Miller, A. G. Kim, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, B. P. Thomas, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Australian Research Council, and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil)

Subjects
Monte Carlo method, Ia Supernovae, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Magnetar, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, CSM, Affordable and Clean Energy, supernovae: general, 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Luminosity function, QC, STFC, Spectroscopy, SLNS, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, General [Supernovae], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Break-Out, RCUK, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mass, Light curve, Galaxies, Redshift, Supernova, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Redshifts, Light Curves, Dark energy, SUPERNOVAS, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

Angus, C. R., et al. (DES Collaboration), We present a sample of 21 hydrogen-free superluminous supernovae (SLSNe-I) and one hydrogen-rich SLSN (SLSN-II) detected during the five-year Dark Energy Survey (DES). These SNe, located in the redshift range 0.220 < z < 1.998, represent the largest homogeneously selected sample of SLSN events at high redshift. We present the observed g, r, i, z light curves for these SNe, which we interpolate using Gaussian processes. The resulting light curves are analysed to determine the luminosity function of SLSNe-I, and their evolutionary timescales. The DES SLSN-I sample significantly broadens the distribution of SLSN-I light-curve properties when combined with existing samples from the literature. We fit a magnetar model to our SLSNe, and find that this model alone is unable to replicate the behaviour of many of the bolometric light curves. We search the DES SLSN-I light curves for the presence of initial peaks prior to the main light-curve peak. Using a shock breakout model, our Monte Carlo search finds that 3 of our 14 events with pre-max data display such initial peaks. However, 10 events show no evidence for such peaks, in some cases down to an absolute magnitude of, The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825,ESP2015-66861,FPA2015-68048,SEV-2016-0588,SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA programme of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).

Published
2019

11. Mass calibration of optically selected DES clusters using a measurement of CMB-cluster lensing with SPTpol data

Author

John E. Carlstrom, D. L. Burke, A. E. Evrard, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, T. L. Chou, J. Hubmayr, D. Rapetti, G. Gutierrez, Robert I. Citron, M. E.C. Swanson, Jeff McMahon, J. Gschwend, Flavia Sobreira, J. D. Hrubes, N. Huang, Jason W. Henning, S. Serrano, N. L. Harrington, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, K. Honscheid, Joaquin Vieira, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, Daniel Gruen, A. A. Plazas, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Yanxi Zhang, Michael Schubnell, Peter Melchior, T. de Haan, Tianjun Li, J. Carretero, Peter A. R. Ade, Bradford Benson, Amy N. Bender, B. Flaugher, K. T. Story, C. L. Davis, V. Scarpine, L. E. Bleem, Srinivasan Raghunathan, H. C. Chiang, Keith Bechtol, Christian L. Reichardt, K. K. Schaffer, Felipe Menanteau, Valentine Novosad, Graeme Smecher, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, Gregory Tarle, T. Jeltema, C. L. Chang, David J. James, J. P. Dietrich, Benjamin Saliwanchik, R. C. Smith, W. G. Hartley, Federico Bianchini, Gensheng Wang, Ben Hoyle, Gilbert Holder, Nathan Whitehorn, D. L. Hollowood, Pablo Fosalba, John P. Nibarger, Andrew Nadolski, Gene C. Hilton, K. Vanderlinde, David Brooks, Elizabeth George, M. A. G. Maia, C. J. Miller, A. K. Romer, Jason Gallicchio, T. Natoli, T. M. Crawford, E. J. Baxter, A. Carnero Rosell, J. E. Ruhl, Carole Tucker, Enrique Gaztanaga, Joshua Montgomery, H-M. Cho, N. W. Halverson, András Kovács, J. De Vicente, A. G. Kim, E. Suchyta, Antony A. Stark, M. A. Dobbs, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, C. Pryke, Stephen Padin, Marcos Lima, J. A. Beall, S. S. Meyer, M. Carrasco Kind, Nikhel Gupta, T. McClintock, N. Kuropatkin, J. T. Sayre, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, E. Rozo, J. Annis, J. E. Austermann, Joshua A. Frieman, Z. Hou, Kyler Kuehn, Jennifer L. Marshall, Daniel Thomas, Marcelle Soares-Santos, W. B. Everett, S. Patil, Carlos E. Cunha, A. T. Crites, S. Desai, T. F. Eifler, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Kent D. Irwin, Lindsey Bleem, L. M. Mocanu, H. T. Diehl, W. L. K. Wu, W. L. Holzapfel, Gary Bernstein, A. J. Gilbert, Adam Anderson, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), gravitational lensing: weak, weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Galaxy cluster, QC, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, RCUK, Estimator, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: clusters: general, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We use cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps from the 500 deg$^{2}$ SPTpol survey to measure the stacked lensing convergence of galaxy clusters from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 redMaPPer (RM) cluster catalog. The lensing signal is extracted through a modified quadratic estimator designed to be unbiased by the thermal Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich (tSZ) effect. The modified estimator uses a tSZ-free map, constructed from the SPTpol 95 and 150 GHz datasets, to estimate the background CMB gradient. For lensing reconstruction, we employ two versions of the RM catalog: a flux-limited sample containing 4003 clusters and a volume-limited sample with 1741 clusters. We detect lensing at a significance of 8.7$\sigma$(6.7$\sigma$) with the flux(volume)-limited sample. By modeling the reconstructed convergence using the Navarro-Frenk-White profile, we find the average lensing masses to be $M_{200m}$ = ($1.62^{+0.32}_{-0.25}$ [stat.] $\pm$ 0.04 [sys.]) and ($1.28^{+0.14}_{-0.18}$ [stat.] $\pm$ 0.03 [sys.]) $\times\ 10^{14}\ M_{\odot}$ for the volume- and flux-limited samples respectively. The systematic error budget is much smaller than the statistical uncertainty and is dominated by the uncertainties in the RM cluster centroids. We use the volume-limited sample to calibrate the normalization of the mass-richness scaling relation, and find a result consistent with the galaxy weak-lensing measurements from DES (Mcclintock et al. 2018)., Comment: 19 pages, 6 figures, published in ApJ

Published
2019

12. First Cosmology Results Using SNe Ia from the Dark Energy Survey: Analysis, Systematic Uncertainties, and Validation

Author

Samuel Hinton, Antonella Palmese, K. Kuehn, G. Gutierrez, Vinu Vikram, M. A. G. Maia, Bonnie Zhang, Daniel B. Thomas, Felipe Menanteau, R. G. Sharp, Marcos Lima, B. Flaugher, Daniel Muthukrishna, Geraint F. Lewis, Alexei V. Filippenko, M. N. K. Smith, Alex Drlica-Wagner, P. Challis, J. Calcino, David J. James, Jacobo Asorey, R. C. Smith, A. G. Kim, A. Clocchiatti, A. Roodman, P. Fosalba, K. Honscheid, T. Jeltema, Michael Schubnell, C. B. D'Andrea, S. E. Kuhlmann, V. Scarpine, Daniel Scolnic, Per Kragh Andersen, Karl Glazebrook, Josh Frieman, E. S. Rykoff, J. Annis, P. E. Nugent, W. C. Wester, P. Martini, Douglas L. Tucker, Y.-H. Zhang, Lluís Galbany, David J. Brooks, Kaisey S. Mandel, Ben Hoyle, Carlos E. Cunha, Edward Macaulay, Vivian Miranda, Bruce A. Bassett, Elisabeth Krause, R. P. Kirshner, G. Tarle, Ryan J. Foley, Jennifer L. Marshall, C. L. Davis, O. Lahav, A. Carnero Rosell, S. Desai, E. Kasai, Ramon Miquel, D. J. Brout, Tianjun Li, D. L. Burke, J. Carretero, Daniel Gruen, H. T. Diehl, Tamara M. Davis, J. P. Marriner, Darren L. DePoy, Matt J. Jarvis, R. R. Gupta, Juan Garcia-Bellido, T. F. Eifler, W. G. Hartley, F. J. Castander, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, A. A. Plazas, Daniela Carollo, T. M. C. Abbott, Gary Bernstein, E. Morganson, Arturo Avelino, E. Suchyta, N. E. Sommer, B. E. Tucker, Enrique J. Fernández, E. J. Sanchez, C. Lidman, P. Doel, M. Sako, C. J. Miller, E. Swann, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, M. E. C. Swanson, M. J. Childress, Richard Kessler, Anais Möller, E. Bertin, Troxel, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, L. N. da Costa, Flavia Sobreira, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Juan Estrada, Alistair R. Walker, R. C. Thomas, Marcelle Soares-Santos, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, Mark Sullivan, J. De Vicente, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, S. A. Uddin, J. Lasker, R. L. C. Ogando, Keith Bechtol, J. K. Hoormann, A. K. Romer, Peter Brown, and Yen-Chen Pan

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, cosmological parameters, Planck, dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, STFC, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Organic Chemistry, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Galaxy, Supernova, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, symbols, Supernova Legacy Survey, CLUSTERS, general [supernovae], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

© 2019. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.. We present the analysis underpinning the measurement of cosmological parameters from 207 spectroscopically classified SNe Ia from the first 3 years of the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN), spanning a redshift range of 0.017 < z < 0.849. We combine the DES-SN sample with an external sample of 122 low-redshift (z < 0.1) SNe Ia, resulting in a "DES-SN3YR" sample of 329 SNe Ia. Our cosmological analyses are blinded: after combining our DES-SN3YR distances with constraints from the Cosmic Microwave Background, our uncertainties in the measurement of the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, w, are 0.042 (stat) and 0.059 (stat+syst) at 68% confidence. We provide a detailed systematic uncertainty budget, which has nearly equal contributions from photometric calibration, astrophysical bias corrections, and instrumental bias corrections. We also include several new sources of systematic uncertainty. While our sample is less than one-third the size of the Pantheon sample, our constraints on w are only larger by 1.4×, showing the impact of the DES-SN Ia light-curve quality. We find that the traditional stretch and color standardization parameters of the DES-SNe Ia are in agreement with earlier SN Ia samples such as Pan-STARRS1 and the Supernova Legacy Survey. However, we find smaller intrinsic scatter about the Hubble diagram (0.077 mag). Interestingly, we find no evidence for a Hubble residual step (0.007 ± 0.018 mag) as a function of host-galaxy mass for the DES subset, in 2.4σ tension with previous measurements. We also present novel validation methods of our sample using simulated SNe Ia inserted in DECam images and using large catalog-level simulations to test for biases in our analysis pipelines.

Published
2019

13. Dark Energy Survey Year 1 results: measurement of the galaxy angular power spectrum

Author

C. B. D'Andrea, A. K. Romer, J. Carretero, D. L. Hollowood, J. Gschwend, Rogerio Rosenfeld, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Douglas L. Tucker, M. Smith, Kyler Kuehn, Shantanu Desai, F. Lacasa, S. Kent, Ramon Miquel, N. Kuropatkin, Marcos Lima, David J. Brooks, Donnacha Kirk, Michael Schubnell, R. C. Smith, Sarah Bridle, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, B. Flaugher, Alistair R. Walker, Filipe B. Abdalla, Carlos E. Cunha, L. N. da Costa, Marcelle Soares-Santos, A. A. Plazas, Jennifer L. Marshall, Will J. Percival, N. Kokron, G. Tarle, D. W. Gerdes, A. Troja, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, K. Honscheid, F. J. Castander, David J. James, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Carrasco Kind, F. Andrade-Oliveira, Elisabeth Krause, Pablo Fosalba, K. C. Chan, E. J. Sanchez, M. E. C. Swanson, J. De Vicente, Martin Crocce, J. Annis, Ben Hoyle, R. Cawthon, Juan Garcia-Bellido, R. A. Bernstein, Joe Zuntz, Flavia Sobreira, M. W. G. Johnson, A. Carnero Rosell, Joshua A. Frieman, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Juan Estrada, Ashley J. Ross, D. L. Burke, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Huan Lin, H. Camacho, M. D. Johnson, G. Gutierrez, E. Bertin, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Univ Geneva, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Observ Nacl, Univ Portsmouth, IEEC, CSIC, Ohio State Univ, Univ Autonoma Madrid, Natl Opt Astron Observ, UCL, Rhodes Univ, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, CNRS, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Univ Manchester, Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Univ Chicago, Univ Penn, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, IIT Hyderabad, Univ Michigan, Univ Cambridge, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Steward Observ, CALTECH, Australian Astron Observ, Texas A&M Univ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Univ Waterloo, Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Univ Sussex, Univ Southampton, Brandeis Univ, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, and Univ Edinburgh

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), symbols.namesake, Goodness of fit, Robustness (computer science), 0103 physical sciences, LENTES GRAVITACIONAIS, Statistical physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Covariance matrix, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Spectral density, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Markov chain Monte Carlo, cosmology: observations, large-scale structure of Universe, Galaxy, observations [cosmology], Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, symbols, astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We use data from the first-year (Y1) observations of the DES collaboration to measure the galaxy angular power spectrum (APS), and search for its BAO feature using a template-fitting method. We test our methodology in a sample of 1800 DES Y1-like mock catalogs. The APS is measured with the pseudo-$C_\ell$ method, using pixelized maps constructed from the mock catalogs and the DES mask. The covariance matrix of the $C_\ell$'s in these tests are also obtained from the mock catalogs. We use templates to model the measured spectra and estimate template parameters firstly from the $C_\ell$'s of the mocks using two different methods, a maximum likelihood estimator and a MCMC, finding consistent results with a good reduced $\chi^2$. Robustness tests are performed to estimate the impact of different choices of settings used in our analysis. After these tests on mocks, we apply our method to a galaxy sample constructed from DES Y1 data specifically for LSS studies. This catalog comprises galaxies within an effective area of 1318 deg$^2$ and $0.6, Comment: 13 pages, 14 figures

Published
2019

14. Supernova Siblings: Assessing the Consistency of Properties of Type Ia Supernovae that Share the Same Parent Galaxies

Author

W. G. Hartley, V. Scarpine, N. E. Sommer, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, David J. Brooks, David J. James, G. Tarle, N. Kuropatkin, A. A. Plazas, Jennifer L. Marshall, Ramon Miquel, K. D. Eckert, Ryan J. Foley, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, L. Kelsey, K. Kuehn, Karl Glazebrook, Lluís Galbany, C. Lidman, Samuel Hinton, Robert Morgan, Anais Möller, E. Bertin, E. Suchyta, Marcus Lima, G. Gutierrez, Edward Macaulay, P. Doel, Geraint F. Lewis, Alex Drlica-Wagner, M. Costanzi, J. Gschwend, D. J. Brout, Daniela Carollo, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, A. Massiah, T. F. Eifler, Tianjun Li, Michael Schubnell, P. Wiseman, J. Annis, Brodie Popovic, Joshua A. Frieman, T. M. C. Abbott, P. Fosalba, R. D. Wilkinson, M. Pursiainen, S. Everett, E. J. Sanchez, H. T. Diehl, K. Honscheid, M. Carrasco Kind, M. Sako, Robert C. Nichol, D. L. Hollowood, M. E. C. Swanson, B. Flaugher, S. Serrano, Richard Kessler, S. Desai, Enrique Gaztanaga, M. N. K. Smith, Mark Sullivan, Felipe Menanteau, K. Bechtol, Juan Garcia-Bellido, A. Carnero Rosell, A. R. Walker, J. De Vicente, Antonella Palmese, Daniel Gruen, D. L. Burke, M. A. G. Maia, Daniel Scolnic, B. P. Thomas, D. W. Gerdes, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, B. E. Tucker, Michel Aguena, J. Carretero, R. Hounsell, Tamara M. Davis, F. Paz-Chinchón, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), European Commission, European Research Council, Department of Energy (US), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Generalitat de Catalunya, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Scolnic, D., Smith, M., Massiah, A., Wiseman, P., Brout, D., Kessler, R., Davis, T. M., Foley, R. J., Galbany, L., Hinton, S. R., Hounsell, R., Kelsey, L., Lidman, C., Macaulay, E., Morgan, R., Nichol, R. C., Moller, A., Popovic, B., Sako, M., Sullivan, M., Thomas, B. P., Tucker, B. E., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Avila, S., Bechtol, K., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. C., Carollo, D., Kind, M. C., Carretero, J., Costanzi Alunno Cerbolini, M., Da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Drlica-Wagner, A., Eckert, K., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Glazebrook, K., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lewis, G. F., Li, T. S., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchon, F., Plazas, A. A., Pursiainen, M., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sommer, N. E., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Varga, T. N., Walker, A. R., and Wilkinson, R.

Subjects
Observational cosmology, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Type (model theory), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Consistency (statistics), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Line (formation), Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Supernova, Distance modulus, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

DES Collaboration: et al. arXiv:2002.00974v2, While many studies have shown a correlation between properties of the light curves of SNe Ia and properties of their host galaxies, it remains unclear what is driving these correlations. We introduce a new direct method to study these correlations by analyzing "parent" galaxies that host multiple SNe Ia "siblings." Here, we search the Dark Energy Survey SN sample, one of the largest samples of discovered SNe, and find eight galaxies that hosted two likely SNe Ia. Comparing the light-curve properties of these SNe and recovered distances from the light curves, we find no better agreement between properties of SNe in the same galaxy as any random pair of galaxies, with the exception of the SN light-curve stretch. We show at 2.8σ significance that at least one-half of the intrinsic scatter of SNe Ia distance modulus residuals is not from common host properties. We also discuss the robustness with which we could make this evaluation with LSST, which will find 100× more pairs of galaxies, and pave a new line of study on the consistency of SNe Ia in the same parent galaxies. Finally, we argue that it is unlikely that some of these SNe are actually single, lensed SN with multiple images., D.S. is supported by DOE grant DE-SC0010007, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. D.S. and R.K. are supported in part by NASA under Contract No. NNG17PX03C issued through the WFIRST Science Investigation Teams Programme. D.B. and M.S. were supported by DOE grant DE-FOA0001358 and NSF grant AST-1517742. L.G. was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 839090. This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We are grateful for the support of the University of Chicago Research Computing Center for assistance with the calculations carried out in this work. R.F. is supported in part by NSF grants AST-1518052 and AST1815935, the Gordon & Betty Moore Foundation, the HeisingSimons Foundation, and by fellowships from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, as well as the NASA contract above. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo InterAmerican Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). We acknowledge support from EU/FP7-ERC grant No. 615929. This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.

Published
2020

15. Dynamical Analysis of Three Distant Trans-Neptunian Objects with Similar Orbits

Author

H. T. Diehl, J. Annis, Vinu Vikram, Ramon Miquel, L. Zullo, Robert A. Gruendl, K. Honscheid, T. F. Eifler, Kevin Napier, E. Bertin, Juan Garcia-Bellido, T. M. C. Abbott, Pedro H. Bernardinelli, Tali Khain, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, V. Scarpine, W. G. Hartley, N. Kuropatkin, Kyler Kuehn, Michael Schubnell, E. J. Sanchez, L. N. da Costa, J. Carretero, E. Suchyta, Marcelle Soares-Santos, R. H. Schindler, Elisabeth Krause, David J. James, B. Flaugher, P. Doel, Filipe B. Abdalla, Felipe Menanteau, Juliette C. Becker, M. E. C. Swanson, O. Lahav, M. N. K. Smith, M. Sako, Kyle Franson, Fred C. Adams, Carlos E. Cunha, W. C. Wester, Larissa Markwardt, D. L. Hollowood, S. Desai, S. Hamilton, Joshua A. Frieman, G. Gutierrez, G. Tarle, A. A. Plazas, A. K. Romer, C. L. Davis, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, Yanxi Zhang, Brian Nord, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, Flavia Sobreira, M. A. G. Maia, A. R. Walker, J. De Vicente, Hsing Wen Lin, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, D. Brooks, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES

Subjects
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Solar System, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Phase plane, Orbital mechanics, 01 natural sciences, Omega, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Planet, Neptune, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Trans-Neptunian object, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Order of magnitude, QC, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

This paper reports the discovery and orbital characterization of two extreme trans-Neptunian objects (ETNOs), 2016 QV$_{89}$ and 2016 QU$_{89}$, which have orbits that appear similar to that of a previously known object, 2013 UH$_{15}$. All three ETNOs have semi-major axes $a\approx 172$ AU and eccentricities $e\approx0.77$. The angular elements $(i,\omega,\Omega)$ vary by 6, 15, and 49 deg, respectively between the three objects. The two new objects add to the small number of TNOs currently known to have semi-major axes between 150 and 250 AU, and serve as an interesting dynamical laboratory to study the outer realm of our Solar System. Using a large ensemble of numerical integrations, we find that the orbits are expected to reside in close proximity in the $(a,e)$ phase plane for roughly 100 Myr before diffusing to more separated values. We then explore other scenarios that could influence their orbits. With aphelion distances over 300 AU, the orbits of these ETNOs extend far beyond the classical Kuiper Belt, and an order of magnitude beyond Neptune. As a result, their orbital dynamics can be affected by the proposed new Solar System member, referred to as Planet Nine in this work. With perihelion distances of 35-40 AU, these orbits are also influenced by resonant interactions with Neptune. A full assessment of any possible, new Solar System planets must thus take into account this emerging class of TNOs., Comment: accepted to AJ

Published
2018

16. Withdrawn as Duplicate: Survey geometry and the internal consistency of recent cosmic shear measurements

Author

V. Scarpine, N. MacCrann, J. Prat, R. L. C. Ogando, Martin Crocce, G. Gutierrez, A. Carnero Rosell, Erin Sheldon, Elisabeth Krause, A. Chen, W. G. Hartley, David J. Brooks, A. A. Plazas, K. Honscheid, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, S. Samuroff, David J. James, Daniel Gruen, J. Carretero, Joshua A. Frieman, J. De Vicente, K. Kuehn, Felipe Menanteau, D. W. Gerdes, Flavia Sobreira, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Dragan Huterer, J. Zuntz, Marcos Lima, M. Gatti, J. Annis, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Carrasco Kind, O. Lahav, P. Fosalba, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, Matt J. Jarvis, F. Lacasa, Ramon Miquel, M. March, P. Vielzeuf, Ben Hoyle, Joseph J. Mohr, Risa H. Wechsler, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, B. Flaugher, Carles Sanchez, Enrique Gaztanaga, M. N. K. Smith, A. Roodman, Daniel B. Thomas, D. L. Hollowood, H. T. Diehl, C. L. Davis, Michael Troxel, P. Doel, M. H.L.S. Wang, C. B. D'Andrea, E. Bertin, T. F. Eifler, R. H. Schindler, F. B. Abdalla, J. DeRose, D. Kirk, J. Gschwend, E. J. Sanchez, Tenglin Li, Scott Dodelson, Carlos E. Cunha, Oliver Friedrich, H. V. Peiris, P. Lemos, D. L. Burke, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, and C. L. Chang

Subjects
Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Shear (geology), Space and Planetary Science, Internal consistency, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mechanics, Astrophysics
Published
2018

17. Stellar mass as a galaxy cluster mass proxy: application to the Dark Energy Survey redMaPPer clusters

Author

Julian A. Mayers, J. De Vicente, Flavia Sobreira, John P. Stott, W. G. Hartley, J. Carretero, N. Kuropatkin, R. D. Wilkinson, M. Carrasco Kind, Joshua A. Frieman, J. P. Dietrich, S. Desai, David J. Brooks, B. Welch, J. Burgad, A. K. Romer, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Robert G. Mann, J. DeRose, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, V. Scarpine, Andrew R. Liddle, G. Gutierrez, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, F. J. Castander, Pedro T. P. Viana, E. Suchyta, A. A. Plazas, C. Vergara Cervantes, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Marcos Lima, August E. Evrard, Antonella Palmese, T. McClintock, T. N. Varga, P. Rooney, M. A. G. Maia, L. N. da Costa, Matt Hilton, E. J. Sanchez, B. Flaugher, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Paul Giles, Martin Sahlén, Chris A. Collins, Daniel Gruen, Michael Schubnell, Vinu Vikram, M. da Silva Pereira, Tesla E. Jeltema, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, Juan Garcia-Bellido, D. W. Gerdes, Eduardo Rozo, Ramon Miquel, Han Lin, A. Bermeo, Peter Doel, D. L. Burke, H. T. Diehl, R. L. C. Ogando, Robert A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, Elisabeth Krause, Ofer Lahav, Yanxi Zhang, Arya Farahi, A. Roodman, M. E. C. Swanson, J. Annis, Felipe Menanteau, Boris Leistedt, Sunayana Bhargava, Gregory Tarle, Jennifer L. Marshall, K. Honscheid, Risa H. Wechsler, Eli S. Rykoff, A. Carnero Rosell, A. R. Walker, Department of Energy (US), National Science Foundation (US), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Chicago, The Ohio State University, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), and German Research Foundation

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, haloesSurveys [Galaxies], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, surveys, Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Galaxies: haloesSurveys, observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Scaling, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, QC, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cosmology: observations, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Observable, evolution [Galaxies], Redshift, haloes [galaxies], Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, Galaxies: clusters: general, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Halo, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We introduce a galaxy cluster mass observable, μ*, based on the stellar masses of cluster members, and we present results for the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 (Y1) observations. Stellar masses are computed using a Bayesian model averaging method, and are validated for DES data using simulations and COSMOS data. We show that μ* works as a promising mass proxy by comparing our predictions to X-ray measurements. We measure the X-ray temperature–μ* relation for a total of 129 clusters matched between the wide-field DES Y1 redMaPPer catalogue and Chandra and XMM archival observations, spanning the redshift range 0.1 < z < 0.7. For a scaling relation that is linear in logarithmic space, we find a slope of α = 0.488 ± 0.043 and a scatter in the X-ray temperature at fixed μ* of σ|μ* = 0.266 for the joint sample. By using the halo mass scaling relations of the X-ray temperature from the Weighing the Giants program, we further derive the μ*-conditioned scatter in mass, finding σM|μ* = 0.26. These results are competitive with well-established cluster mass proxies used for cosmological analyses, showing that μ* can be used as a reliable and physically motivated mass proxy to derive cosmological constraints., AP acknowledges the UCL PhD studentship and the URA Visiting scholar award. AF is supported by a McWilliams Postdoctoral Fellowship. OL acknowledges support from a European Research Council Advanced Grant FP7/291329. SB acknowledges support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council via Research Training Grant ST/N504452/1. TOPCAT (Taylor 2005) has been extensively used in this work. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478.

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