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The effect of equalization enhanced phase noise (EEPN) will be introduced in digital signal processing (DSP) based coherent optical communication systems. The EEPN will seriously degrade the transmission performance of a highcapacity optical transmission system. In this work, the influence of EEPN on the performance of dual-polarization 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (DP-16QAM) optical transmission system using the electrical dispersion compensation (EDC), the single-channel digital back-propagation (DBP), the partial-bandwidth DBP and the full-field DBP (FF-DBP) were comparatively evaluated with and without considering distortions from the EEPN. Deteriorations on achievable information rates (AIRs) and modulation error ratios (MERs) of optical communication systems due to EEPN have also been assessed. Numerical results indicate that the transmission performance of coherent optical systems can be significantly degraded by the EEPN, especially when FF-DBP is used for the nonlinearity compensation. The larger the linewidth of the local oscillator (LO) laser is, the more serious the degradation caused by EEPN is. This deterioration leads to a decrease in optimal launch powers, AIRs and MERs in the long-haul optical communication systems. In the DP-16QAM transmission system, because of the interference of the EEPN generated by the LO laser with a linewidth of 1 MHz, the degradations on the AIR and MER are 0.15 Tbit/s and 4.15 dB in the case of FF-DBP, respectively. It can also be concluded that, for coherent optical systems with long transmission distances and high symbol rates, the compensation bandwidth and the computational complexity of MC-DBP in the DSP module can be significantly reduced by using narrower-linewidth LO lasers.

A theoretical analysis is presented for a channel drop tunnelling structure composed of a horizontal input channel, a vertical output channel and a multi-mode cavity in a photonic crystal. Criteria for a complete transfer are derived for applications of wavelength division demultiplexing. The analytical results are verified with a numerical simulation using a finite difference time domain method. The vertical channel dropping tunnelling system makes the demultiplexing device much more compact, as compared to the conventional parallel channel dropping system.

Excited states in 142Pm are investigated via the 128Te(19F, 5n)142Pm reaction at beam energies from 75 to 95 MeV by using techniques of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy. Measurements of γ-ray excitation function, X–γ and γ–γ–t coincidences are performed with 10 BGO(AC)HPGe detectors. Decay of the previously known 67-μs isomer in 142Pm is observed and added into the new level scheme. This isomer is definitely placed at the excitation energy of 2828.5 keV. The spin of this isomer is suggested to be 13 according to the measured γ-ray anisotropies.

Excited states in 207Rn are investigated via the 196Pt(16O,Sn)207Rn reaction at beam energies from 85 to 95 MeV using techniques of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy. Measurements of γ-ray excitation function, x-γ and γ-γ-t coincidences are performed with ten BGO(AC)HPGe detectors. Based on these measurements, a level scheme of 207Rn, including 17 γ-rays and 18 levels, is established. Spins for most of the levels are proposed according to the measured DCO ratios. The level structure is compared with a weak-coupling calculation using the interaction energies extracted from neighbouring nuclei.

A two-dimensional dusty plasma lattice in an rf discharge was observed. The structural and dynamical properties were analysed by computing pair correlation function, static structure factor, bond-orientational correlation function and mean square displacement. The bond-orientational correlation function was found to fit into the law of r-0.25, and the mean square displacement experienced ``ballistic'', ``subdiffusive'' and ``diffusive'' regimes, both of which together with the other parameters indicate that the two-dimensional dusty plasma stayed at a state between liquid and solid.

High-spin states in 126Cs are studied via the 116Cd(14N, 4n) reaction at a beam energy of 65 MeV. The sideband of the πh11/2⊗νh11/2 yrast band, a ΔI = 2 band known from previous study, is developed into a ΔI = 1 coupled structure at low spins. This sideband is assigned to be built on the same configuration as the yrast band according to the measured ratios of directional correlation of orientation and observed alignment properties. On the basis of comparisons with the previously proposed chiral doublet bands for 128,130Cs, the observed two πh11/2⊗νh11/2 bands are proposed to be candidates for chiral doublet bands in 126Cs.

Our experiment shows that the dust grains, suspended on the edge of the sheath of a radio-frequency discharge, undergo a contraction when switching a vertical magnetic field on, and an expansion when switching the magnetic field off. We call this kind of magnetic field "transient magnetic field". A primary analysis is proposed for the phenomenon.