Author: "G. Beaudoin" / Topic: physics - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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1. Hybrid III-V/Silicon Quantum Photonic Device Generating Broadband Entangled Photon Pairs

Author: J. Schuhmann, L. Lazzari, M. Morassi, A. Lemaître, I. Sagnes, G. Beaudoin, M.I. Amanti, F. Boeuf, F. Raineri, F. Baboux, and S. Ducci
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999, Computer software, QA76.75-76.765
Abstract: The demand for integrated photonic chips combining the generation and manipulation of quantum states of light is steadily increasing, driven by the need for compact and scalable platforms for quantum information technologies. While photonic circuits with diverse functionalities are being developed in different single material platforms, it has become crucial to realize hybrid photonic circuits that harness the advantages of multiple materials while mitigating their respective weaknesses, resulting in enhanced capabilities. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid III-V/silicon quantum photonic device combining the strong second-order nonlinearity and direct band gap of the III-V semiconductor platform with the high maturity and CMOS compatibility of the silicon photonic platform. Our device embeds the spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) of photon pairs into an AlGaAs source and their vertical routing to an adhesively bonded silicon-on-insulator circuitry, within an evanescent coupling scheme managing both polarization states. This enables the on-chip generation of broadband (>40 nm) telecom photons by type-0 and type-2 SPDC from the hybrid device, at room temperature and with internal pair generation rates exceeding 10^{5}s^{−1} for both types, while the pump beam is strongly rejected. Two-photon interference with 92% visibility (and up to 99% upon 5-nm spectral filtering) proves the high energy-time entanglement quality of the produced quantum state, thereby enabling a wide range of quantum information applications on chip, within a hybrid architecture compliant with electrical pumping and merging the assets of two mature and highly complementary platforms in view of out-of-the-lab deployment of quantum technologies.
Published: 2024
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2. Harmonic generation with multi-layer dielectric metasurfaces

Author: Carlo Gigli, Giuseppe Marino, Stéphan Suffit, Giuseppe Leo, Konstantinos Pantzas, Costantino De Angelis, Pascal Filloux, Isabelle Sagnes, Davide Rocco, and G. Beaudoin
Subjects: Materials science, QC1-999, Nanophotonics, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, Fourier imaging, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, nonlinear metasurfaces triplet, all-dielectric nanophotonics, Mie resonances, nanophotonics, second-harmonic generation, 0103 physical sciences, High harmonic generation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Multi layer, fourier imaging, business.industry, Physics, Second-harmonic generation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Optoelectronics, mie resonances, 0210 nano-technology, business, Biotechnology
Abstract: Metasurfaces have recently gained extensive interest because of their extraordinary optical behavior as artificial material interfaces with ultrahigh compactness. In this framework, dielectric platforms have newly become very promising for nonlinear nanophotonics, providing opportunities, especially for ultrafast optical switching, and high harmonic generation, opening the research field of nonlinear metaoptics. Up to now, nonlinear metaoptics have been mostly explored using single metasurfaces. However, in a long-term vision, the stacking of optical metasurfaces, very challenging in terms of fabrication, is one key goal of this research field. Here, we demonstrate a three-layer metasurface in the AlGaAs-on-insulator platform, which improves the second harmonic generation efficiency by more than one order of magnitude with respect to its one-layer counterpart. Our achievement paves the way toward phase-shaping multilayer and multifunctional all-dielectric metasurfaces.
Published: 2021

3. Coherent and Tunable THz Emission Driven by an Integrated III–V Semiconductor Laser

Author: Guillaume Ducournau, Isabelle Sagnes, P. Latzel, R. Paquet, Stéphane Blin, Jean-Francois Lampin, Arnaud Garnache, Mikhael Myara, M. Sellahi, L. Le Gratiet, G. Beaudoin, Baptiste Chomet, Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Térahertz, hyperfréquence et optique (TéHO), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Photonique THz - IEMN (PHOTONIQUE THz - IEMN), and Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)
Subjects: Terahertz radiation, Physics::Optics, Optical power, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, 010309 optics, Laser linewidth, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, business.industry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Photodiode, Semiconductor, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Excitation
Abstract: We demonstrate coherent and tunable THz emission by excitation of a unitraveling-carrier photodiode by a dual-frequency III–V semiconductor laser emitting up to 80 mW of optical power around 1 $\mu$ m. The laser is an optically-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser that operates simultaneously on two transverse Laguerre–Gauss modes. Modes frequency difference is driven by thermal effects, band-filling effects and/or phase masks, allowing THz emission from 50 GHz to few THz. To reach THz emission from a pigtailed photodiode, we detail quantitatively how orthogonal transverse modes can be coupled within a single-mode fiber, leading to more than 20% beat efficiency. Coherent THz emission spectrum is presented with a linewidth of about 150 kHz for 3-ms acquisition time, and an output power limited by the photodiode (typically 1 $\mu$ W at 300 GHz). Frequency noise is measured for the optical transverse modes along with the THz signal. The latter presents a frequency noise that is about 20-dB lower than the optical ones, thus proving that the dual-frequency concept allows frequency noise reduction by correlating part of the technical noise of the two modes.
Published: 2017

4. Spiking and pulse train dynamics in a neuromimetic micropillar laser (Conference Presentation)

Author: Bernd Krauskopf, Isabelle Sagnes, Louis Andreoli, F. Selmi, Neil G. R. Broderick, Soizic Terrien, Rémy Braive, Sylvain Barbay, and G. Beaudoin
Subjects: Physics, Artificial neural network, business.industry, Detector, Physics::Optics, Saturable absorption, Laser, law.invention, Optics, law, Dissipative system, Pulse wave, Train, business, Retiming
Abstract: Processing of information with optical spikes could present an alternative path with a reduced energy consumption. It could also be well suited in the framework of novel brain-inspired computation paradigms. We investigate the spiking and pulse train dynamics in a micropillar laser with integrated saturable absorber. The optically-pumped microcavity laser is based on a specifically optimized design. The solitary laser can emit sub-nanosecond Q-switched pulses above laser threshold. Below threshold, the laser is in the so-called excitable regime, a generic all-or-none kind of response also found in biological neurons. We demonstrate several neuromimetic properties of the micropillar laser including the relative and absolute refractory periods and the temporal summation. The latter gives rise to sensitive and fast coincidence detectors of optical signals. In the configuration with delayed optical feedback, the system is shown experimentally and theoretically to sustain controllable trains of dissipative temporal solitons controlled by adequate optical perturbations. We show that the pulse train can be started or resynchronized (retiming) with a single perturbation and that the system can store a large variety of temporal pulse patterns. We discuss the role of pump noise that may terminate a pulse train. We demonstrate a strong asymmetry in the effect of noise on the switch on and off processes, as well as a peculiar role played by noise timing. Besides its interest as a compact source of controllable pulses, this system can be arranged if needed in arrays leading to interesting prospects for artificial optical neural networks.
Published: 2018

5. GENERATION OF NEW SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL COHERENT LIGHT STATES USING III-V SEMICONDUCTOR METASURFACE BASED LASER TECHNOLOGY: VORTEX, CONTINUUM, DUAL FREQUENCY FOR THz

Author: P. Lalanne, Mohamed Seghilani, I. Sagnes, Baptiste Chomet, M. Myara, Stéphane Blin, R. Paquet, M. Sellahi, L. Legratiet, G. Beaudoin, and Arnaud Garnache
Subjects: Physics, Laser technology, Optics, Semiconductor, Continuum (measurement), business.industry, Terahertz radiation, Optoelectronics, Dual frequency, business, Vortex
Published: 2017

6. Generation of new coherent light states using III-V semiconductor laser technology: VORTEX, continuum, dual frequency for THz and integration

Author: M. Myara, L. Legratiet, M. Sellahi, Isabelle Sagnes, Arnaud Garnache, P. Lalanne, R. Paquet, Baptiste Chomet, G. Beaudoin, Mohamed Seghilani, Stéphane Blin, Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes (IES), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Térahertz, hyperfréquence et optique (TéHO), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies [Marcoussis] (C2N), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de photonique et de nanostructures (LPN), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Quantum limit, Shot noise, Physics::Optics, Nonlinear optics, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Laser, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, 010309 optics, Optics, law, Optical cavity, 0103 physical sciences, Coherent states, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Coherence (physics)
Abstract: Since years, III-V semiconductor based external-cavity VCSEL (VECSEL) concept [I] is pointed out as a technology of choice for beyond-state-of-the-art laser light sources, demonstrating wavelength flexibility, high power, high spatial, temporal and polarization coherence, CW or fs ultra-short pulsed operation, compactness and functionalities. The targeted coherent state is typically a common circular low divergence fundamental gaussian TEM00 mode, linearly polarized state, single frequency state or modelocked comb. Such high-Q laser cavity exhibits a class-A dynamics with low intensity noise at shot noise level in MHz-GHz RF range, as well as a quantum limit optical frequency noise at the Hz level. Integration and packaging of such high performances sources is in progress (by Coherent, Innoptics [2], Fraunhofer ILT…). In this work, we take advantage of diode-pumped VECSEL based on III-V nanotechnologies integrating flat-photonics (quantum-well gain, Bragg mirror, metasurface, metallic mask), and fundamental physical features (axial symmetry of laser design, orthogonality of cavity modes, high finesse cavity, homogeneous gain, optical gain structure anisotropy, spatial hole burning…) for the generation of non-conventional coherent states, thanks to the insertion of new intracavity functions: beam carrying Orbital-Angular-Momentum, dual-frequency optical source for THz, coherent modeless light source.
Published: 2017

7. Absolute and relative refractory periods in a micropillar laser with saturable absorber

Author: Robert Kuszelewicz, Rémy Braive, F. Selmi, G. Beaudoin, Sylvain Barbay, and Isabelle Sagnes
Subjects: Physics, Signal processing, Wave propagation, Refractory period, business.industry, Saturable absorption, Laser, law.invention, Nonlinear system, Amplitude, Optics, Semiconductor, law, business
Abstract: We study the nonlinear dynamics of semiconductor micropillar lasers with intracavity saturable absorber in the excitable regime. The excitable regime is characterized by an all-or-none type of response to an input perturbation: when the perturbation amplitude is below the excitable threshold, the system remains in its quiet, stable state; when the perturbation exceeds the excitable threshold, a calibrated response pulse is emitted. It is believed to have great potential for fast neuromorphic optical processing, in addition to being also interesting for the study of nonlinear wave propagation. Fast excitable, neuron-like, dynamics is experimentally evidenced with response times in the 200ps range. We also show the presence of an absolute and a relative refractory periods in this system, analog to what is found in biological neurons but with several orders of magnitude faster response times. The absolute refractory period is the amount of time after a first excitable pulse has been emitted during which it is not possible to excite the system anymore. The relative refractory period is the time after a first excitable pulse during which an inhibited response is emitted and has been often overlooked in optical systems. Both these times are of fundamental importance regarding the propagation of stable excitable waves, and in view of designing spike-time based optical signal processing systems. The experimental results are well described qualitatively by a simple model of a laser with saturable absorber.
Published: 2014

8. Updated measurement of the τ lifetime

Author: R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, E. Lefebvre, S. L. Chu, T. G. Shears, F. Odorici, F. Liu, Margret Fincke-Keeler, D. M. Gingrich, G. Giacomelli, B. C. Shen, P. Schenk, P. Berlich, Siegfried Bethke, T. Hilse, A. K. Honma, B. Nijjhar, W. G. Scott, H. M. Fischer, M. S. Dixit, O. Runolfsson, J. Mildenberger, Gideon Bella, Frans Meijers, H. J. Burckhart, Gordon H. Hanson, Jacqueline Batley, C. M. Hawkes, Daniel Lellouch, A. Michelini, C. Beeston, M. Fanti, James Pinfold, Claudio Grandi, R. D. Heuer, M. J. Losty, Fabrizio Fabbri, P. Pfister, D. Van den plas, D. R. Rust, Takehiko Mori, P. Igo-Kemenes, F. S. Merritt, M. Yurko, D. G. Fong, M. W. Redmond, A. M. Lee, G. Beaudoin, J. Gascon, W. R. Gibson, H. Jeremie, H. von der Schmitt, P. W. Jeffreys, S. W. O'Neale, P. E.L. Clarke, U. C. Dunwoody, M. K. Jones, Xinchou Lou, S. A. Robins, H. Mes, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, J. Steuerer, R.J. Akers, I. P. Duerdoth, A. Beck, E. Heflin, K. J. Anderson, J. P. Martin, J. W. Gary, M. J. Oreglia, Matthias Schröder, R. M. Brown, A. Höcker, Lorne Levinson, R. Lahmann, Silvia Arcelli, P. D. Phillips, J. A. McKenna, Tohru Takeshita, D. C. Imrie, P. Bright-Thomas, B. Stockhausen, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, S. De Jong, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Shlomo Dado, Sachio Komamiya, P. Poffenberger, E. do Couto e Silva, Georges Azuelos, Barry King, Peter Fischer, J. J. Ward, P. Scharff-Hansen, E. Barberio, Theodoros Geralis, D. A. Hinshaw, D. E. Plane, O. Schaile, K. W. Bell, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, Erez Etzion, G. P. Siroli, J. King, P. Schütz, M. A. Thomson, J. C. Hill, I. J. Bloodworth, P. Bentkowski, R. Bartoldus, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, Marco Cuffiani, A. M. Smith, Christoph Schwick, G. M. Dallavalle, Achim Stahl, J. R. Carter, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, Misao Sasaki, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, G. N. Patrick, P. Teixeira-Dias, P. Le Du, B. Fabbro, M. Settles, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, Otmar Biebel, R. Giacomelli, T. Behnke, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, Andris Skuja, Yoram Rozen, J. G. Layter, M. Foucher, Stephen Lloyd, G. D. Long, C. Y. Chang, B. Schmitt, H. Deng, R. Humbert, M. Tecchio, Tetsuro Mashimo, R. P. Middleton, C. Charlesworth, A. I. McNab, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, G. W. Wilson, A. Fürtjes, Michael Kobel, J. Goldberg, P. Weber, Gregor Herten, A. M. Rossi, H. Przysiezniak, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, Giora Mikenberg, D. Karlen, B. Nellen, W. Gorn, S. G. Clowes, C. Burgard, D. Hochman, P. A. Hart, B. Wilkens, P. Leblanc, T. Tsukamoto, Ehud Duchovni, Paolo Giacomelli, M. Hansroul, M. Fierro, H. Lafoux, T. J. Smith, K. Stephens, Peter Sherwood, M. Jimack, Z. Li, Norbert Wermes, Sherry Towers, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, T. Kawamoto, A. Buijs, J. R. McNutt, M. J. Pearce, D. M. Strom, H. Ihssen, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, H. G. Evans, J. Ludwig, J. E. Pilcher, C. Dallapiccolla, S. W. Gensler, M. J. Goodrick, K. Runge, P. Bock, I. Cohen, John Allison, C. Darling, S. Orito, M. F. Turner-Watson, M. Morii, M. Rosvick, S. J. Hillier, R. J. Homer, T. Kobayashi, Randall Sobie, Peter R Hobson, S. Braibant, Gunter Wolf, M. Hauschild, P. Gagnon, C. Stegmann, N. I. Geddes, Michael Schulz, G. D. Lafferty, P. Routenburg, V. Gibson, R. Ströhmer, C. Markus, P. Mättig, Shoji Asai, G. T. Zorn, A. Astbury, U. Müller, S. Wotton, B. Poli, H. M. Bosch, R. Kowalewski, A. J. Martin, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, H. Fukui, A. Yeaman, P. D. Grannis, Gideon Alexander, J. M. Roney, R. G. Kellogg, Paolo Capiluppi, D. R. Ward, G. A. Snow, C. K. Hargrove, C. P. Ward, D. L. Rees, D. S. Koetke, J. C. Clayton, Stefano Marcellini, T. W. Pritchard, James Letts, Madjid Boutemeur, P. S. Wells, Guenter Duckeck, Terry Richard Wyatt, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, M. Coupland, P. M. Watkins, R. Howard, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, V. H. Winterer, P. Szymanski, C. Jui, Stan Bentvelsen, C. Sbarra, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, A. A. Carter, Ron Folman, Roger Jones, M. G. Rison, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, J. von Krogh, J. Hart, Dave Robinson, J. D. Gillies, R. J. Barlow, D. J. Miller, D. Rigby, R. J. Hemingway, B. W. Kennedy, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, Peter Krieger, N. K. Watson, Manuella Vincter, Alessandro Montanari, R. Mir, J. Lauber, H. Takeda, F. G. Oakham, W. Mohr, A. Posthaus, P. A. Elcombe, J. Becker, F. Scharf, A. D. Schaile, A. Skillman, E. K. U. Gross, A. Gaidot, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, and N. Tesch
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment, Charged particle, Lepton
Abstract: We present an update of our measurement of the τ lepton lifetime, using data taken during 1992 and 1993 with the OPAL detector at LEP. The lifetime is determined from analyses of the impact parameters of tracks from τ decays to a single charged particle, and the reconstructed decay lenghts from the τ decays to three charged particles. With the added statistics (which increase the τ pair event sample size by more than a factor of four over our 1990 and 1991 data sample), the updated lifetime measurement is: ττ = 288.8 ± 2.2 (stat) ± 1.4 (sys) fs. When combined with world-average measurements of the tau leptonic branching fractions (assuming e-μ universality), the ratio of charged-current couplings is: ( g τ g μ ) = 1.005 ± 0.007 , in agreement with the hypothesis of τ-μ charged-current universality.
Published: 1994

9. Measurement of $$\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)/\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)$$ using impact parameters and leptons

Author: R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, J. C. Clayton, B. C. Shen, G. P. Siroli, J. King, A. K. Honma, Christoph Schwick, W. G. Scott, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, M. Jones, Jacqueline Batley, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, Margret Fincke-Keeler, D. L. Rees, M. J. Losty, Otmar Biebel, P. Igo-Kemenes, C. Jui, J. Hart, C. Sbarra, S. Barnett, Claude Leroy, A. Astbury, J. P. Pansart, J. D. Gillies, P. Pfister, R. Bartoldus, H. Jeremie, U. Müller, James Pinfold, G. E. Richards, D. Pitman, A. J. Martin, F. C. Grant, M. H. Lehto, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, R. J. Barlow, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, D. Hochman, D. G. Fong, H. O. Ogren, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, D. J. Miller, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, G. Beaudoin, C. K. Hargrove, N. I. Geddes, Matthias Schröder, H. Lafoux, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, J. Steuerer, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, T. G. Shears, B. Boden, K. Stephens, J. R. McNutt, R.J. Akers, J. Lauber, E. do Couto e Silva, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, H. Takeda, D. M. Gingrich, D. E. Plane, P. Bentkowski, A. A. Carter, Roger Jones, R. Van Kooten, M. G. Rison, T. J. McMahon, B. Poli, F. G. Oakham, G. M. Dallavalle, M. Hansroul, Madjid Boutemeur, E. Lefebvre, J. W. Gary, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, H. Deng, R. Humbert, Shlomo Dado, Tohru Takeshita, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, F. X. Gentit, B. Fabbro, O. Schaile, P. Berlich, J. A. Wilson, F. Odorici, J. E. Conboy, B. Panzer-Steindel, R. Kowalewski, R. Yaari, D. J.P. Dumas, R. J. Hemingway, Georges Azuelos, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, P. M. Watkins, V. Gibson, S. Bethke, P. Scharff-Hansen, G. Quast, J. M. Lorah, W. Schappert, P. Kroll, Marco Cuffiani, John Baines, X. C. Lou, Silvia Arcelli, W. R. Gibson, A. M. Rossi, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, P. Jovanovic, T. Tsukamoto, W. Mohr, J. F. Kral, Austin Ball, H. M. Fischer, M. A. Whallev, K. W. Bell, Max Weber, D. Menszner, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, S. L. Chu, A. Beck, J. C. Hill, A. Michelini, H. Mes, Norbert Wermes, J. von Krogh, I. P. Duerdoth, A. C. Janissen, J. M. Roney, E. Heflin, Sherry Towers, P. S. Wells, Misao Sasaki, R. J. Homer, M. Hauschild, Alessandro Montanari, R. M. Brown, T. Kawamoto, A. M. Smith, P. M. Hattersley, J. Banks, Lorne Levinson, G. Vasseur, Dave Robinson, Gideon Alexander, P. A. Elcombe, Giora Mikenberg, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, Terry Richard Wyatt, B. Lorazo, D. R. Ward, L. A. del Pozo, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, B. W. Kennedy, T. W. Pritchard, E. Torrente-Lujan, G. Transtromer, Paolo Capiluppi, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, John Hobbs, C. Moisan, R. D. Heuer, M. Coupland, Andris Skuja, G. A. Beck, Fabrizio Fabbri, Achim Stahl, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, J. Becker, P. Teixeira-Dias, D. Van den plas, P. Weber, F. S. Merritt, F. Scharf, Tetsuro Mashimo, G. J. VanDalen, R. Mir, Gregor Herten, D. R. Rust, C. Wahl, B. Schmitt, B. Wilkens, A. Skillman, A. M. Lee, J. E. Pilcher, W. Gorn, A. Gaidot, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, G. Giacomelli, J. A. McKenna, M. J. Oreglia, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, A. D. Schaile, V. H. Winterer, P. Schenk, J. R. Carter, P. F. Harrison, G. N. Patrick, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, M. S. Dixit, Ehud Duchovni, M. Jimack, H. Ihssen, Frans Meijers, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, P. E.L. Clarke, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, M. Yurko, S. A. Robins, J. P. Martin, P. W. Jeffreys, S. De Jong, P. Bright-Thomas, S. W. O'Neale, M. A. Thomson, K. J. Anderson, J. G. Layter, T. Hilse, O. Runolfsson, P. Poffenberger, C. Beeston, Claudio Grandi, D. A. Hinshaw, T. Behnke, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, Peter Sherwood, I. J. Bloodworth, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, G. T. Zorn, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. Yeaman, M. Settles, M. Foucher, N. K. Watson, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Erez Etzion, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, R. P. Middleton, J. Goldberg, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, M. Morii, T. J. Smith, Peter R Hobson, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, P. Routenburg, Gunter Wolf, P. Mättig, Sachio Komamiya, N. J. Tesilian, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, S. Wotton, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, Gordon H. Hanson, M. W. Redmond, John Allison, R. G. Kellogg, D. S. Koetke, Stefano Marcellini, and James Letts
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Elementary particle, Bottom quark, Charm quark, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Impact parameter, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment, Bar (unit)
Abstract: A measurement of$\Gamma _{b\bar b} /\Gamma _{had} \equiv \Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)/\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)$ is presented using a “mixed tag” method involving the identification of$Z^0 \to b\bar b$ events by two different techniques. The first uses the large impact parameter of tracks emerging from the decay ofb-flavoured hadrons and the second their semi-leptonic decay. The identification efficiencies are measured from the data using all possible combinations of the two tags in opposite hemispheres. The method is therefore insensitive to Monte Carlo modelling of bottom quark production and ofb-flavoured hadron production and decay properties, and depends only weakly on the simulation of the detector. The data sample collected by OPAL at LEP in 1990 and 1991 is considered. The result is: $$\frac{{\Gamma _{b\bar b} }}{{\Gamma _{had} }} = 0.218 \pm 0.006(stat) \pm 0.007(syst) \pm 0.007(\Gamma _{c\bar c} /\Gamma _{had} ),$$ where the systematic uncertainty due to the charm quark partial width has been separated from the other systematic uncertainties. Combination with previous OPAL measurements gives: $$\frac{{\Gamma _{b\bar b} }}{{\Gamma _{had} }} = 0.220 \pm 0.004(stat) \pm 0.006(syst) \pm 0.006(\Gamma _{c\bar c} /\Gamma _{had} ),$$
Published: 1994

10. Measurement of the time dependence of mixing using a jet charge technique

Author: W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, E. Heflin, P. S. Wells, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, James Pinfold, Terry Richard Wyatt, G. Beaudoin, D. G. Fong, R. Bartoldus, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, N. K. Watson, Michael Kobel, Gregor Herten, M. Coupland, John Allison, Shlomo Dado, R. G. Kellogg, D. S. Koetke, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, H. O. Ogren, C. Wahl, C. Sbarra, B. Wilkens, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, H. Lafoux, Paul Kyberd, Paolo Giacomelli, F. K. Loebinger, Otmar Biebel, M. Hansroul, N. J. Tresilian, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, Michael Dittmar, R. J. Hemingway, J. W. Gary, G. E. Richards, Georges Azuelos, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, T. J. Smith, K. Stephens, G. Yekutieli, J. Kroll, R. D. Heuer, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, J. E. Pilcher, F. C. Grant, K. W. Bell, W. Mohr, J. Mildenberger, Giora Mikenberg, Harold Nguyen, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, A. Fürtjes, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, P. Jovanovic, M. W. Redmond, J. R. McNutt, A. A. Carter, Ron Folman, Roger Jones, H. Deng, R. Humbert, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, M. H. Lehto, T. G. Shears, P. Poffenberger, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, H. Przysiezniak, Austin Ball, M. Fierro, G. G. Hanson, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, S. L. Chu, I. J. Bloodworth, P. Scharff-Hansen, D. M. Gingrich, P. A. Elcombe, B. C. Shen, D. A. Hinshaw, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Manuella Vincter, Alessandro Montanari, P. Schütz, M. G. Rison, E. Lefebvre, R. J. Homer, D. E. Plane, H. Fukui, T. Hilse, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, Randall Sobie, Michael Schulz, G. D. Lafferty, Siegfried Bethke, G. Giacomelli, J. Hart, F. S. Merritt, P. Berlich, M. Hauschild, A. K. Honma, A. M. Smith, F. Odorici, C. Dallapiccola, W. G. Scott, O. Runolfsson, P. Bentkowski, Sherry Towers, T. Kawamoto, T. J. McMahon, T. W. Pritchard, J. D. Gillies, G. M. Dallavalle, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, J. Becker, A. D. Schaile, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, C. Markus, D. R. Rust, P. Paschievici, V. Gibson, D. L. Rees, Xinchou Lou, Z. Li, J. Schwiening, G. Quast, C. Beeston, R. K. Carnegie, F. Scharf, P. Schenk, P. Weber, Claudio Grandi, M. Settles, C. Moisan, J. A. McKenna, G. J. VanDalen, G. A. Beck, P. F. Harrison, Andris Skuja, Achim Stahl, T. Behnke, M. Yurko, Guenter Duckeck, P. W. Jeffreys, M. J. Losty, J. A. Wilson, R. J. Barlow, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, D. J.P. Dumas, D. J. Miller, A. M. Lee, P. Teixeira-Dias, Stephen Lloyd, G. D. Long, M. S. Dixit, R. Mir, Tetsuro Mashimo, Frans Meijers, P. Bright-Thomas, A. Skillman, R.J. Akers, J. J. Ward, M. Tecchio, M. A. Thomson, A. Gaidot, D. R. Ward, P. Le Du, B. Fabbro, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, B. Schmitt, M. Morii, M. Foucher, D. Axen, C. Jui, P. E.L. Clarke, A. Jawahery, O. Schaile, R. Howard, M. K. Jones, J. Lauber, S. W. O'Neale, Margret Fincke-Keeler, A. M. Rossi, Peter R Hobson, Claude Leroy, S. Barnett, N. Wermes, W. Gorn, J. P. Pansart, J. P. Martin, N. Tesch, K. J. Anderson, D. Hochman, H. Takeda, V. H. Winterer, M. J. Oreglia, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, F. G. Oakham, T. Tsukamoto, P. Pfister, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, J. C. Clayton, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, S. De Jong, P. Routenburg, J. Goldberg, J. von Krogh, B. Nellen, P. M. Hattersley, P. Leblanc, J. Steuerer, R. Ströhmer, N. I. Geddes, H. G. Evans, Dave Robinson, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, G. T. Zorn, R. Lahmann, Gunter Wolf, L. A. del Pozo, B. Boden, B. Poli, D. C. Imrie, G. W. Wilson, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, S. Wotton, R. Yaari, Madjid Boutemeur, Marco Cuffiani, H. M. Fischer, J. G. Layter, G. P. Siroli, J. King, Christoph Schwick, P. G. Estabrooks, Erez Etzion, R. K. Keeler, A. Yeaman, A. Michelini, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, D. Karlen, C. Charlesworth, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, C. Burgard, R. P. Middleton, S. A. Robins, P. M. Watkins, Sachio Komamiya, Theodoros Geralis, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, Silvia Arcelli, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, J. M. Roney, C. Darling, P. A. Hart, P. Igo-Kemenes, H. Jeremie, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, P. Mättig, Shoji Asai, E. do Couto e Silva, M. J. Pearce, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, Ehud Duchovni, M. Jimack, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, Matthias Schröder, R. Kowalewski, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, A. Astbury, U. Müller, A. J. Martin, and C. K. Hargrove
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Jet (fluid), Particle decay, Particle physics, Meson, Oscillation, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Charge (physics), Electric charge, Lepton
Abstract: The observation and measurement of the time-dependence of B0d↔B0d mixing are described. The B0d meson is reconstructed in final states that contain a D∗− and an l+, where the b flavour of the B0d at decay time is tagged by the electric charge of the lepton. A new and efficient method, using a jet charge technique, is developed for identifying the b flavour of the produced B0d. From a sample of 556 D∗±l∓ candidates reconstructed in the OPAL data collected during 1990–1993, the B0d↔B0d oscillation frequency is measured to be Δmd = 0.508 ± 0.075 (stat) ±0.025(syst) ps−1 giving an oscillation parameter of χd = 0.73 ± 0.11 (stat) ±0.08 (syst), where 0.076 of the systematic error on χd arises from the uncertainty on the B0d lifetime.
Published: 1994

11. Measurement of the τ− → h− π0ντ and τ− → h− ⩾ 2π0ντ branching ratios

Author: John Allison, M. Hauschild, R. G. Kellogg, K. Stephens, C. Markus, D. S. Koetke, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, P. Pfister, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, S. Wotton, I. J. Bloodworth, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, H. Deng, R. Humbert, P R Poffenberger, A. Rollnik, N. J. Tresilian, R. Giacomelli, Madjid Boutemeur, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, Gordon H. Hanson, S. Bethke, M. W. Redmond, D. C. Imrie, M. Settles, P. G. Estabrooks, R. D. Heuer, R. Ströhmer, P. Igo-Kemenes, Matthias Schröder, H. Przysiezniak, Fabrizio Fabbri, J. M. Roney, M. Foucher, D. Van den plas, M. Fierro, H. M. Fischer, P. M. Watkins, G. T. Zorn, V. Gibson, A. Michelini, Norbert Wermes, Sherry Towers, T. Kawamoto, D. G. Fong, S. L. Chu, P. Schütz, C. Darling, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, G. W. Wilson, T. Wlodek, H. Jeremie, R. E. Hughes-Jones, Achim Stahl, H. M. Bosch, E. Duchovni, D. Karlen, S. Orito, Gregor Herten, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, Erez Etzion, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, P. Teixeira-Dias, M. H. Lehto, G. Giacomelli, J. Gascon, U. Maur, G. Yekutieli, Silvia Arcelli, T. Hilse, W. R. Gibson, P. Le Du, B. Fabbro, C. Wahl, B. Wilkens, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, O. Runolfsson, D. Hochman, C. Y. Chang, Georges Azuelos, H. O. Ogren, P. M. Hattersley, P. Schenk, J. Steuerr, M. F. Turner, J. Pinfold, A. Beck, S. Wolf, B. Schmitt, J. E. Pilcher, K. W. Bell, T. J. Smith, T. G. Shears, S. A. Robins, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, Michael Kobel, D. A. Hinshaw, E. Heflin, C. Beeston, M. S. Dixit, Gideon Bella, Claudio Grandi, Frans Meijers, P. Bright-Thomas, R. M. Brown, E. do Couto e Silva, J. C. Hill, P. Mättig, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, R. P. Middleton, M. J. Oreglia, H. J. Burckhart, R.J. Akers, M. Yurko, Jacqueline Batley, Misao Sasaki, H. Lafoux, P. A. Hart, D. R. Ward, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, J. W. Gary, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, J. Goldberg, B. W. Kennedy, P. W. Jeffreys, B. Nellen, E. Torrente-Lujan, A. P. Wagner, Takehiko Mori, P. E.L. Clarke, P. Paschievici, A. M. Lee, B. C. Shen, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, O. Schaile, R. Yaari, D. L. Rees, M. K. Jones, A. K. Honma, M. J. Pearce, P. Leblanc, Paolo Giacomelli, R. Howard, M. Hansroul, P. Berlich, W. G. Scott, P. Weber, J. P. Martin, G. Beaudoin, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, C. Burgard, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, D. Axen, S. De Jong, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, J. J. Ward, M. A. Thomson, A. Jawahery, R. J. Homer, J. C. Clayton, Xinchou Lou, R. Mir, Shlomo Dado, D. R. Rust, R. Kowalewski, A. Astbury, D. M. Gingrich, R. Lahmann, Peter Sherwood, U. Müller, R. W. Springer, M. J. Losty, P. Scharff-Hansen, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, A. J. Martin, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, Michael Schulz, G. D. Lafferty, K. Runge, P. Bock, T. Behnke, G. Quast, G. P. Siroli, J. King, Christoph Schwick, Marco Cuffiani, E. Lefebvre, T. W. Pritchard, L. Levinson, F. Odorici, Z. Li, C. K. Hargrove, Guenter Duckeck, P. S. Wells, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, D. Lellouch, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, G. Mikenberg, J. G. Layter, B. Lorazo, A. M. Rossi, D. E. Plane, Terry Richard Wyatt, Andris Skuja, M. Rosvick, T. Tsukamoto, V. H. Winterer, P. Bentkowski, C. Charlesworth, G. D. Long, G. M. Dallavalle, M. Coupland, Tetsuro Mashimo, S. Barnett, W. Gorn, N. I. Geddes, D. J.P. Dumas, Richard Keeler, P. F. Harrison, B. Boden, B. Poli, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, C. Jui, A. D. Schaile, J. R. McNutt, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, F. C. Grant, M. Jimack, H. Ihssen, A. Buijs, S. W. Gensler, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, A. Syoosi, F. S. Merritt, J. Lauber, H. Takeda, F. G. Oakham, J. A. McKenna, J. Hart, C. Dallapiccola, R. Bartoldus, J. D. Gillies, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, R. J. Barlow, J. Kroll, D. J. Miller, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, A. Fürtjes, R. J. Hemingway, P. Jovanovic, Sachio Komamiya, Austin Ball, Theodoros Geralis, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, Manuella Vincter, Alessandro Montanari, C. Sbarra, Michael Dittmar, A. Yeaman, A. A. Carter, Ron Folman, Roger Jones, M. Morii, Peter R Hobson, M. G. Rison, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, H. von der Scmitt, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, M. Fincke-Keeler, N. K. Watson, W. Mohr, A. Skillman, A. Gaidot, M. Sproston, P. Routenburg, N. Tesch, P. A. Elcombe, J. Becker, F. Scharf, G. J. VanDalen, and R. Sobie
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle decay, Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, Analytical chemistry, Branching (polymer chemistry), Selection criterion
Abstract: The branching ratios of the τ− → h− π0vτ and τ− → h− ⩾ 2π0vτ decays (where h− is either a π− or K−) are measured using the OPAL detector at LEP. The two branching ratios are simultaneously measured using separate selection criteria and are found to be Bh− π0 = (26.25 ± 0.35 ± 0.52)%, Bh− ⩾ 2π0 = (9.89 ± 0.34 ± 0.55)%Bh− π0 + Bh− ⩾ 2π0 = (36.14 ± 0.33 ± 0.58)%, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic.
Published: 1994

12. A measurement ofΓ (Z 0→b $$\Gamma ({\rm Z}^0 \to b\bar b)$$ /Γ(Z 0→hadrons) using an impact parameter technique

Author: Sachio Komamiya, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, A. Astbury, A. Skillman, U. Müller, T. P. Kokott, A. J. Martin, A. Luig, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, A. Gaidot, D. L. Rees, P. E.L. Clarke, I. J. Bloodworth, D. A. Hinshaw, James Pinfold, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, J. Steuerer, D. G. Fong, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, P. Routenburg, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, M. Settles, T. W. Pritchard, F. Lamarche, R. J. Hemingway, C. K. Hargrove, G. Beaudoin, T. Behnke, Silvia Arcelli, P. Jovanovic, M. Foucher, T. Hilse, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, H. Takeda, F. G. Oakham, J. W. Gary, O. Runolfsson, F. S. Merritt, Austin Ball, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, D. Menszner, R. Yaari, Tohru Takeshita, Shlomo Dado, G. W. Wilson, Alessandro Montanari, D. Karlen, C. Beeston, C. Burgard, J. Hart, Claudio Grandi, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, J. D. Gillies, M. W. Redmond, Otmar Biebel, Andris Skuja, R. J. Barlow, D. J. Miller, X. C. Lou, P. Igo-Kemenes, Georges Azuelos, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, J. M. Lorah, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, G. E. Richards, M. Yurko, Tetsuro Mashimo, P. W. Jeffreys, H. Jeremie, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, J. F. Kral, U. Maur, K. W. Bell, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, G. T. Zorn, Giora Mikenberg, Daniel Lellouch, John Allison, W. Mohr, S. L. Chu, Gunter Wolf, Gregor Herten, Takehiko Mori, Max Weber, C. Wahl, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, C. Jui, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, J. M. Roney, P. Bright-Thomas, B. Wilkens, Matthias Schröder, E. do Couto e Silva, H. Mes, W. Gorn, P. A. Elcombe, I. P. Duerdoth, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, M. A. Thomson, R. G. Kellogg, M. Morii, H. Deng, R. Humbert, H. Lafoux, B. C. Shen, D. S. Koetke, Madjid Boutemeur, Peter Sherwood, J. A. McKenna, John Hobbs, Peter R Hobson, J. E. Pilcher, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, P. Scharff-Hansen, B. Fabbro, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, B. Panzer-Steindel, K. Runge, P. Bock, A. D. Schaile, R. Kowalewski, J. Becker, M. Hauschild, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, P. M. Watkins, M. J. Losty, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, Gideon Bella, V. H. Winterer, A. M. Smith, G. J. VanDalen, Ehud Duchovni, S. Wotton, H. J. Burckhart, G. Vasseur, Jacqueline Batley, B. Lorazo, Norbert Wermes, P. Mättig, Sherry Towers, T. Kawamoto, R.J. Akers, R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, O. Schaile, R. Bartoldus, J. Goldberg, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, B. Nellen, R. Mir, P. Leblanc, F. Odorici, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, M. Jimack, M. J. Oreglia, A. Yeaman, N. K. Watson, Erez Etzion, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, J. R. Carter, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, G. N. Patrick, R. P. Middleton, J. Kroll, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, A. Pouladdej, H. Ihssen, S. W. O'Neale, S. W. Gensler, G. P. Siroli, K. J. Anderson, S. J. Hillier, Christoph Schwick, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, P. Poffenberger, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, W. R. Gibson, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, A. Beck, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, P. Weber, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, D. E. Plane, P. Bentkowski, G. M. Dallavalle, D. J.P. Dumas, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. M. Hattersley, P. F. Harrison, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, T. J. Smith, K. Stephens, J. R. McNutt, V. Gibson, G. Quast, John Baines, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, A. M. Rossi, J. C. Clayton, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, D. R. Rust, S. A. Robins, A. M. Lee, S. Barnett, C. Sbarra, D. Hochman, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, A. A. Carter, Roger Jones, J. Banks, N. J. Tresilian, R. D. Heuer, R. Van Kooten, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, N. I. Geddes, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, B. Boden, B. Poli, T. G. Shears, D. M. Gingrich, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, J. P. Martin, T. J. McMahon, M. Hansroul, S. De Jong, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, J. A. Wilson, R. J. Homer, W. Schappert, Margret Fincke-Keeler, J. G. Layter, R. E. Hughes-Jones, J. von Krogh, P. Pfister, G. G. Hanson, G. Giacomelli, Dave Robinson, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, L. A. del Pozo, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, B. Schmitt, P. S. Wells, Terry Richard Wyatt, M. Coupland, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, M. Jones, Claude Leroy, and J. P. Pansart
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Partial width, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Analytical chemistry, Elementary particle, Standard Model, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Impact parameter, Engineering (miscellaneous), Bar (unit)
Abstract: The fractional partial width of theZ0 tob quarks,$\Gamma _{b\bar b} /\Gamma _{had} $, has been measured by OPAL using an impact parameter technique. The method has been developed using 130 000 hadronic events collected by OPAL in 1990. We find: $$\frac{{\Gamma _{b\bar b} }}{{\Gamma _{had} }} = 0.222 \pm 0.007(stat) \pm 0.008(sys).$$ The measurement assumes the relative rates of theZ0 touds andc quarks given by the Standard Model. Varying the charm fraction from the Standard Model value of$\Gamma _{c\bar c} /\Gamma _{had} = 0.171$ changes the result by an additional$\Delta \Gamma _{b\bar b} /\Gamma _{b\bar b} = - 0.135 \times \Delta \Gamma _{c\bar c} /\Gamma _{c\bar c} $.
Published: 1993

13. A test of the flavour independence of the strong interaction for five flavours

Author: James Pinfold, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, J. W. Gary, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Andris Skuja, Tetsuro Mashimo, W. Gorn, P. Scharff-Hansen, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, P. A. Elcombe, G. Beaudoin, Tohru Takeshita, Gregor Herten, Gideon Bella, J. Becker, Sachio Komamiya, Otmar Biebel, C. Wahl, P. M. Hattersley, B. Wilkens, H. J. Burckhart, Georges Azuelos, P. Igo-Kemenes, F. C. Grant, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, M. A. Whalley, F. Scharf, Jacqueline Batley, K. Stephens, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, Shlomo Dado, Madjid Boutemeur, J. F. Kral, J. R. McNutt, F. S. Merritt, H. Mes, K. W. Bell, I. P. Duerdoth, Max Weber, J. E. Pilcher, R. Lahmann, J. C. Hill, D. C. Imrie, H. Deng, R. Humbert, X. C. Lou, H. Jeremie, Misao Sasaki, B. C. Shen, M. Hansroul, C. Y. Chang, N. I. Geddes, R.J. Akers, Giora Mikenberg, G. P. Siroli, J. King, A. K. Honma, R. E. Hughes-Jones, A. Buijs, U. Maur, D. M. Strom, Christoph Schwick, W. R. Gibson, P. G. Estabrooks, W. G. Scott, B. Boden, M. F. Turner, O. Schaile, B. Poli, T. P. Kokott, C. Stegmann, A. Luig, J. M. Lorah, R. K. Keeler, V. Gibson, J. A. McKenna, Norbert Wermes, A. Beck, Sherry Towers, T. Kawamoto, G. Quast, R. Kowalewski, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, E. do Couto e Silva, W. Mohr, Lorne Levinson, John Baines, M. J. Losty, R. Bartoldus, P. M. Watkins, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. L. Rees, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, R. J. Homer, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, A. Skillman, P. Weber, A. Gaidot, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, R. Mir, H. Przysiezniak, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, M. Hauschild, D. E. Plane, Margret Fincke-Keeler, M. Fierro, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, T. Wlodek, G. T. Zorn, M. Sproston, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, P. Bentkowski, G. M. Dallavalle, Silvia Arcelli, Matthias Schröder, G. J. VanDDalen, B. Fabbro, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, E. Lefebvre, P. Poffenberger, J. Banks, M. J. Oreglia, J. Kroll, J. C. Clayton, B. Panzer-Steindel, A. M. Rossi, P. Pfister, F. Odorici, T. Hilse, F. X. Gentit, H. Lafoux, D. J.P. Dumas, T. Tsukamoto, H. M. Fischer, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, N. J. Tresilian, O. Runolfsson, P. S. Wells, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, M. Mori, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, Terry Richard Wyatt, Peter R Hobson, C. Beeston, R. D. Heuer, M. Coupland, C. Moisan, Claudio Grandi, Gideon Alexander, P. Routenburg, M. Yurko, G. A. Beck, Fabrizio Fabbri, J. M. Roney, A. Astbury, S. A. Robins, P. W. Jeffreys, Paolo Capiluppi, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, D. Van den plas, U. Müller, M. Jones, A. J. Martin, B. Schmitt, D. Pitman, P. Bright-Thomas, G. Giacomelli, J. Hart, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, M. H. Lehto, G. Yukutieli, J. D. Gillies, P. Ma:attig, M. A. Thomson, P. Schenk, A. Yeaman, S. Barnett, J. von Krogh, T. G. Shears, Claude Leroy, N. K. Watson, J. Steuerer, R. J. Barlow, D. Hochman, J. P. Pansart, C. K. Hargrove, M. S. Dixit, D. J. Miller, Frans Meijers, D. M. Gingrich, Dave Robinson, P. F. Harrison, P. E.L. Clarke, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, Stephen Lloyd, J. P. Martin, L. A. del Pozo, C. Sbarra, P. Berlich, J. Lauber, R. Yaari, M. Tecchio, S. Bethke, S. De Jong, Marco Cuffiani, H. Takeda, F. G. Oakham, Michael Dittmar, D. R. Rust, S. L. Chu, Ehud Duchovni, R. J. Hemingway, Erez Etzion, M. Jimack, P. Jovanovic, H. Ihssen, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, A. M. Lee, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, J. G. Layter, John Hobbs, Alessandro Montanari, J. E. Conboy, A. A. Carter, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, Roger Jones, T. Kobayashi, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, R. Van Kooten, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, M. G. Rison, J. Hagemann, R. P. Middleton, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, Gunter Wolf, T. J. McMahon, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, J. A. Wilson, S. Wotton, W. Schappert, D. A. Hinshaw, J. Goldberg, T. Behnke, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, T. W. Pritchard, A. D. Schaile, V. H. Winterer, G. E. Richard, C. Jui, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, M. Foucher, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, T. J. Smith, Gordon H. Hanson, M. W. Redmond, John Allison, R. G. Kellogg, D. S. Koetke, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, A. Rollnik, and R. Giacomelli
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Strange quark, Particle physics, Muon, Annihilation, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, High Energy Physics::Lattice, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Strong interaction, Charge (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report on a measurement of the ratio of the strong coupling constants$\alpha _s (M_{Z^0 } )$ for various data samples with different quark flavour compositions obtained frome+e− annihilation at LEP. We select events with muons, electrons, andD*± mesons from charm and bottom decays, events with highly energeticKs0 mesons originating predominantly from strange quarks, and events with highly energetic stable charged particles from a combination of up, down and strange quarks. From the jet production rates in these events we obtain from these samples the relative value of αs for the individual quark flavours as $$\begin{gathered} \frac{{\alpha _s^b }}{{\alpha _s^{udsc} }} = 1.017 \pm 0.036,\frac{{\alpha _s^c }}{{\alpha _s^{udsb} }} = 0.918 \pm 0.115, \hfill \\ \frac{{\alpha _s^s }}{{\alpha _s^{udcb} }} = 1.158 \pm 0.164,\frac{{\alpha _s^{uds} }}{{\alpha _s^{cb} }} = 1.038 \pm 0.221, \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ with quadratically combined statistical and systematic errors. We also compare the αs values for quarks of diffrent weak isospin, charge and generation. No evidence for a dependence of αs on any of these quark properties is observed. Finally, combining all samples and determining the αsf/αsincl ratio for each flavour, we do not find any dependence of the strong coupling constant on flavour.
Published: 1993

14. Studies of strong and electroweak interactions using final state photon emission in hadronicZ 0 decays

Author: B. C. Shen, Gideon Bella, A. K. Honma, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, W. G. Scott, V. Gibson, G. Quast, Tara Shears, John Baines, R. Kowalewski, Horst Breuker, M. J. Losty, R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, T. J. Smith, M. Morii, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, Peter R Hobson, P. Mättig, H. O. Ogren, R. Mir, I. J. Bloodworth, P. S. Wells, James Pinfold, T. Mouthuy, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, G. P. Siroli, P. A. Elcombe, Christoph Schwick, Terry Richard Wyatt, S. Barnett, P. Taras, J. Mildenberger, M. Settles, M. Coupland, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, D. G. Fong, Sachio Komamiya, Harold Nguyen, G. T. Zorn, G. Beaudoin, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, E. Ros, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, A. Astbury, Mitsuaki Nozaki, M. J. Oreglia, M. Foucher, O. Ganel, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, A. J. Martin, J. Becker, J. Goldberg, A. M. Rossi, C. K. Hargrove, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, F. Odorici, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, M. Hauschild, Shlomo Dado, J. W. Gary, T. Tsukamoto, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, S. Levegrün, G. J. VanDalen, G. W. Wilson, J. C. Clayton, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, X. C. Lou, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, Tohru Takeshita, H. G. Evans, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, Giora Mikenberg, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, H. Jeremie, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, Georges Azuelos, C. M. Hawkes, P. E.L. Clarke, J. Steuerer, Andris Skuja, M. Cooper, P. Singh, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, Erez Etzion, G. E. Richards, Daniel Lellouch, D. L. Wagner, C. Jui, Tetsuro Mashimo, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, Peter Sherwood, H. Deng, R. Humbert, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, P. G. Estabrooks, Max Weber, S. W. O'Neale, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, N. I. Geddes, R. W. L. Jones, K. J. Anderson, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, Takehiko Mori, H. Mes, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, M. Hansroul, J. Hagemann, E. do Couto e Silva, I. P. Duerdoth, M. W. Redmond, W. Gorn, Richard Keeler, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, R. P. Middleton, F. G. Oakham, P. M. Watkins, B. Boden, P. Weber, A. Yeaman, B. Poli, Norbert Wermes, J. Kroll, P. Bock, B. Panzer-Steindel, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, M. Jobes, U. Binder, J. M. Lorah, P. Scharff-Hansen, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, D. L. Rees, T. Kawamoto, J. Hart, O. Schaile, F. X. Gentit, P. Poffenberger, S. Wotton, R. J. Homer, H. M. Fischer, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, J. D. Gillies, A. Michelini, J. E. Conboy, W. Mohr, J. Banks, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, Silvia Arcelli, A. C. Janissen, M. Jimack, John Allison, R. Yaari, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, A. D. Schaile, N. J. Tresilian, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, N. K. Watson, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, M. A. Thomson, A. M. Smith, G. A. Beck, D. G. Charton, R. J. Barlow, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, R. D. Heuer, P. Teixeira-Dias, Fabrizio Fabbri, A. Gaidot, R. G. Kellogg, D. J. Miller, A. Pouladdej, D. Van den plas, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, D. S. Koetke, Stefano Marcellini, P. M. Hattersley, D. R. Rust, B. Schmitt, H. M. Bosch, S. L. Chu, J. M. Roney, P. Routenburg, James Letts, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, Margret Fincke-Keeler, F. Lamarche, V. H. Winterer, F. S. Merritt, D. A. Hinshaw, R. J. Hemingway, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, T. Behnke, P. Jovanovic, J. A. McKenna, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, R. F. McGowan, G. A. Bahn, John Hobbs, P. Berlich, Alessandro Montanari, L. Köpke, W. J. Collins, C. Wahl, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, J. E. Pilcher, T. W. Pritchard, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, W. Schappert, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, A. A. Carter, R. Van Kooten, W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, A. M. Lee, D. E. Plane, P. Bentkowski, P. Bright-Thomas, G. M. Dallavalle, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, P. F. Harrison, T. Hilse, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, O. Runolfsson, M. Tecchio, Phillip Allport, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, Claudio Grandi, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, P. Pfister, J. G. Layter, J. P. Martin, S. De Jong, G. G. Hanson, G. Giacomelli, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, K. Stephens, and J. R. McNutt
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Quark, Particle physics, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Hadron, Electroweak interaction, Type (model theory), Jet (particle physics), Standard Model, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The cross section and jet rates ofZ0 decays into photons and quarks are compared with matrix element Monte Carlos ofO(ααs). Good agreement is found between data and theoretical predictions. From the ratio of events with three jets plus a photon to those with two jets plus a photon, αs in first order is determined to be 0.176±0.010. Combining the cross section of final state photon events with the LEP average hadronic partial decay width of theZ0, the widths of theZ0 into up and down type quarks can be calculated. The results $$\begin{gathered} \Gamma _{u - type} = 242 \pm 46MeV; \hfill \\ \Gamma _{d - type} = 419 \pm 30MeV \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ are in good agreement with the standard model expectation. A comparison of the measured cross section as a function ofycut with predictions of QCD shower models shows that, at the current level of accuracy ARIADNE and, to a lesser extent, HERWIG and JETSET can reproduce the measurement.
Published: 1993

15. Search for massive, unstable photinos that violate R parity

Author: R. Bartoldus, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, H. O. Ogren, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, B. C. Shen, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, M. Yurko, G. Beaudoin, P. Poffenberger, James Pinfold, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, Erez Etzion, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, Silvia Arcelli, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, A. K. Honma, P. W. Jeffreys, Stefan Kluth, M. Jones, Richard Keeler, Shlomit Tarem, Gideon Bella, W. G. Scott, G. Giacomelli, G. T. Zorn, Shlomo Dado, S. L. Chu, R. Kowalewski, Otmar Biebel, Peter Sherwood, G. E. Richards, J. Hart, T. J. Smith, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. D. Gillies, R.J. Akers, B. Schmitt, J. W. Gary, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, J. C. Clayton, R. J. Barlow, J. Kroll, P. Schenk, O. Schaile, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, P. Igo-Kemenes, A. M. Rossi, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, P. Bright-Thomas, H. Jeremie, D. J. Miller, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, M. J. Losty, F. X. Gentit, X. C. Lou, Giora Mikenberg, C. Jui, J. E. Conboy, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, P. Mättig, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, U. Maur, I. J. Bloodworth, R. P. Middleton, H. Deng, R. Humbert, N. I. Geddes, A. Pouladdej, F. Odorici, R. Lahmann, J. G. Layter, M. Hansroul, P. Scharff-Hansen, D. A. Hinshaw, D. C. Imrie, J. Goldberg, B. Boden, B. Poli, Gregor Herten, J. M. Roney, M. Settles, Norbert Wermes, A. D. Schaile, Sherry Towers, T. Kawamoto, B. Nellen, F. S. Merritt, C. Wahl, M. Morii, E. do Couto e Silva, M. Foucher, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Tohru Takeshita, H. M. Fischer, G. A. Snow, B. Wilkens, C. P. Ward, A. M. Smith, H. Takeda, P. Leblanc, John Hobbs, Peter R Hobson, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, R. J. Homer, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, D. L. Rees, F. G. Oakham, Madjid Boutemeur, G. W. Wilson, V. H. Winterer, T. Behnke, R. Mir, G. P. Siroli, Georges Azuelos, G. Vasseur, Margret Fincke-Keeler, B. Lorazo, J. E. Pilcher, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, H. Przysiezniak, Andris Skuja, Christoph Schwick, F. Lamarche, P. G. Estabrooks, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, S. A. Robins, M. Fierro, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, J. P. Martin, R. J. Hemingway, J. A. McKenna, M. Hauschild, Tetsuro Mashimo, Takehiko Mori, P. Pfister, P. E.L. Clarke, P. S. Wells, P. M. Watkins, H. G. Evans, S. Barnett, M. J. Oreglia, J. Steuerer, S. De Jong, Max Weber, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, M. J. Goodrick, D. Menszner, T. Hilse, Randall Sobie, I. Cohen, G. D. Lafferty, Terry Richard Wyatt, O. Runolfsson, W. Gorn, B. Fabbro, A. Yeaman, B. Panzer-Steindel, J. C. Hill, N. K. Watson, Misao Sasaki, Alessandro Montanari, J. R. Carter, T. W. Pritchard, G. N. Patrick, C. Beeston, M. Coupland, Claudio Grandi, D. Hochman, Sachio Komamiya, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, E. Ros, Gunter Wolf, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, P. M. Hattersley, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, R. Yaari, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, K. Stephens, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, P. F. Harrison, J. R. McNutt, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, Ehud Duchovni, S. Wotton, M. Jimack, P. Weber, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, C. J. Virtue, V. Gibson, G. Quast, John Baines, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, A. Astbury, U. Müller, A. J. Martin, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, John Allison, R. G. Kellogg, D. S. Koetke, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, Gordon H. Hanson, M. W. Redmond, C. K. Hargrove, Matthias Schröder, H. Lafoux, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, Tara Shears, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, D. M. Gingrich, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, D. R. Rust, A. M. Lee, J. Banks, N. J. Tresilian, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, D. E. Plane, P. Bentkowski, G. M. Dallavalle, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, C. Sbarra, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, A. A. Carter, Roger Jones, R. Van Kooten, R. E. Hughes-Jones, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, W. Schappert, A. Skillman, M. A. Thomson, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, P. Routenburg, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, P. A. Elcombe, J. Becker, G. J. VanDalen, J. M. Lorah, and W. Mohr
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Magnetic moment, Solar neutrino, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Supersymmetry, Parameter space, lcsh:QC1-999, Nuclear physics, R-parity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Photino, Particle Physics - Experiment, lcsh:Physics, Lepton
Abstract: A search for unstable, massive photinos pair produced in e + e − collisions has been performed using the OPAL detector at LEP. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 21 pb −1 collected at center-of-mass energies near the Z 0 resonance. The unstable photino is assumed to decay into τ ± / gn l ( l = e or μ ) final states, thereby violating individual lepton numbers and R parity. This search is inspired by a particular model of supersymmetry which is of interest within the context of solar neutrino experiments because it allows for a large neutrino magnetic moment. The present search excludes a large portion of the parameter space allowed by the model.
Published: 1993

16. Measurement of the B0 and B+ lifetimes

Author: W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, G. Transtromer, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, M. Fincke-Keeler, D. E. Plane, P. Bentkowski, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, Silvia Arcelli, Tara Shears, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, R. Sobie, H. Jeremie, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, P. Bright-Thomas, Horst Breuker, H. M. Fischer, E. do Couto e Silva, J. Pinfold, C. Burgard, F. C. Grant, P. E.L. Clarke, M. A. Whalley, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, O. Ganel, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, R. Yaari, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, A. Simon, D. L. Rees, A. Buijs, M. Jobes, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, U. Binder, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, P. G. Estabrooks, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, P. Scharff-Hansen, J. Kroll, G. Yekutieli, F. X. Gentit, H. Deng, R. Humbert, J. E. Conboy, P. M. Watkins, G. Beaudoin, D. R. Rust, A. Pouladdej, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, B. C. Shen, C. Schwick, A. M. Smith, F. S. Merritt, J. Steuerer, D. Strom, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, A. Astbury, M. W. Redmond, W. G. Scott, Richard Keeler, Norbert Wermes, T. Kawamoto, G. M. Dallavale, N. I. Geddes, A. J. Martin, J. A. McKenna, Shlomo Dado, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, F. G. Oakham, D. Hochman, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, M. Morii, S. Bethke, P. Taras, Peter R Hobson, R. Kowalewski, B. Boden, Marco Cuffiani, Mitsuaki Nozaki, R. F. McGowan, Claude Leroy, D. G. Fong, J. P. Pansart, B. Poli, J. Gascon, J. Hart, S. Orito, P. Weber, S. Tarem, T. Behnke, Sachio Komamiya, E. Ros, X. C. Lou, H. von der Schmitt, M. J. Losty, M. Jimack, H. Ihssen, John Allison, G. Quast, C. K. Hargrove, S. L. Chu, J. R. McNutt, J. D. Gillies, Gideon Bella, P. Pfister, R. Mir, S. W. Gensler, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, T. Hilse, J. Banks, J. W. Gary, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, T. Mouthuy, S. J. Hillier, P. Paschievici, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, N. J. Tresilian, P. S. Wells, Terry Richard Wyatt, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, R. D. Heuer, R. G. Kellogg, J. von Krogh, O. Runolfsson, Andris Skuja, Fabrizio Fabbri, M. Coupland, R. J. Barlow, D. Van den plas, G. T. Zorn, O. Schaile, S. Barnett, D. J. Miller, D. S. Koetke, A. D. Schaile, John Hobbs, Tetsuro Mashimo, Dave Robinson, Stefano Marcellini, T. Wlodek, Tohru Takeshita, M. H. Lehto, L. A. del Pozo, James Letts, N. J. Thackray, V. H. Winterer, A. M. Rossi, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, K. Stephens, Michael Dittmar, F. Lamarche, Claudio Grandi, Georges Azuelos, P. F. Harrison, W. Gorn, M. J. Oreglia, A. Yeaman, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, R. J. Hemingway, M. A. Thomson, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, G. A. Bahan, D. Pitman, A. A. Carter, P. Singh, N. K. Watson, Stephen Lloyd, P. M. Hattersley, Max Weber, M. Tecchio, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, R. Van Kooten, V. Gibson, P. Berlich, P. Jovanovic, A. Gaidot, M. Sproston, L. Köpke, W. J. Collins, M. Hauschild, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, G. A. Beck, J. R. Carter, Austin Ball, R. W. L. Jones, G. N. Patrick, John Baines, G. D. Lafferty, P. Poffenberger, R. Lahmann, D. Menszner, P. Teixeira-Dias, Phillip Allport, S. W. O'Neale, B. Panzer-Steindel, S. Schreiber, P. Routenburg, C. Markus, C. J. Oram, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, Alessandro Montanari, T. W. Pritchard, T. J. McMahon, K. J. Anderson, G. P. Siroli, J. Schwiening, D. R. Ward, J. P. Martin, R. K. Carnegie, P. A. Elcombe, J. Hagemann, D. C. Imrie, H. Przysiezniak, B. Schmitt, J. C. Clayton, J. A. Wilson, S. De Jong, M. Fierro, M. Yurko, M. Rosvick, J. Becker, W. Schappert, A. Wagner, P. W. Jeffreys, A. M. Lee, C. Wahl, G. J. VanDalen, L. Levinson, R. Shypit, M. Hansroul, C. Jui, J. E. Pilcher, D. Lellouch, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, R. J. Homer, J. M. Lorah, W. Mohr, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, D. A. Hinshaw, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, F. Odorici, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, G. Mikenberg, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, M. Kwano, J. M. Roney, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, M. Foucher, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, A. K. Honma, T. J. Smith, P. Mättig, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Takehiko Mori, P. D. Acton, E. Duchovni, Erez Etzion, Stefan Kluth, S. Rossberg, J. G. Layter, R. P. Middleton, S. Wotton, G. G. Hanson, J. Goldberg, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, G. Giacomelli, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, and Frans Meijers
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Hadronic decay, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Meson, Silicon, chemistry, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, chemistry.chemical_element, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: From a data sample of approximately 240 000 hadronic Z 0 decays recorded during 1991 a sample of about 130 semileptonic B hadron decays containing a D 0 , D + or D ∗+ has been isolated. Using silicon microvertex detector information the decay vertices in these events have been reconstructed. The average B hadron lifetime of the mix of B hadrons in this event sample is measured to be 1.51 −0.14 +0.16 ±0.11 ps. From the distribution of decay times in the different samples the lifetimes of the B 0 and B + mesons are determined to be 1.51 −0.23−0.14 +0.24+0.12 ps and 1.51 −0.28−0.14 +0.30+0.12 ps, respectively. The measured ratio of the B + to B 0 lifetimes of 1.00 −0.25 +0.33 ±0.08 supports expectations that the lifetimes are similar.
Published: 1993

17. Measurement of the averageb hadron lifetime inZ 0 decays

Author: J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, A. Astbury, G. Beaudoin, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, U. Müller, A. J. Martin, Erez Etzion, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, Tohru Takeshita, I. J. Bloodworth, Shlomo Dado, K. Stephens, Stefan Kluth, A. Skillman, J. R. McNutt, F. S. Merritt, B. Schmitt, Shlomit Tarem, J. G. Layter, Georges Azuelos, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, D. Axen, C. K. Hargrove, M. Settles, X. C. Lou, A. Jawahery, F. Odorici, M. Sproston, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, R. Batoldus, V. Gibson, H. Takeda, G. Quast, Madjid Boutemeur, James Pinfold, D. G. Fong, J. Hart, J. D. Gillies, F. G. Oakham, D. Pitman, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, John Baines, T. J. McMahon, M. Foucher, D. J. Miller, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, Gideon Bella, P. Routenburg, N. I. Geddes, Max Weber, Peter Sherwood, F. Lamarche, Margret Fincke-Keeler, Matthias Schröder, Giora Mikenberg, P. Jovanovic, H. J. Burckhart, Sachio Komamiya, C. Jui, Austin Ball, M. H. Lehto, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, D. Menszner, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, Alessandro Montanari, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, Gideon Alexander, H. Lafoux, R. P. Middleton, Otmar Biebel, Paolo Capiluppi, S. L. Chu, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, G. W. Wilson, D. R. Ward, G. E. Richards, D. E. Plane, C. Y. Chang, J. Schwiening, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, B. C. Shen, Andris Skuja, T. G. Shears, J. A. McKenna, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, G. Transtromer, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, B. Boden, K. Runge, Gunter Wolf, A. D. Schaile, Tetsuro Mashimo, P. Bentkowski, T. P. Kokott, P. M. Watkins, P. Igo-Kemenes, P. A. Elcombe, R. K. Carnegie, A. Luig, P. Bock, J. P. Martin, B. Poli, A. K. Honma, Ehud Duchovni, V. H. Winterer, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, M. W. Redmond, P. M. Hattersley, H. Deng, R. Humbert, Daniel Lellouch, J. R. Batley, D. M. Gingrich, Silvia Arcelli, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. J.P. Dumas, S. De Jong, W. G. Scott, H. Ihssen, H. Jeremie, W. Gorn, P. Pfister, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, J. A. Wilson, H. M. Fischer, D. L. Rees, Takehiko Mori, John Hobbs, W. R. Gibson, J. Becker, S. W. Gensler, R. Kowalewski, R. Lahmann, H. Mes, U. Maur, P. Berlich, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, S. Wotton, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, L. Köpke, J. C. Clayton, D. C. Imrie, D. A. Hinshaw, P. Scharff-Hansen, J. W. Gary, W. Schappert, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, A. Beck, I. P. Duerdoth, M. J. Losty, J. M. Roney, S. A. Robins, A. M. Smith, E. Heflin, P. E.L. Clarke, T. W. Pritchard, Norbert Wermes, Sherry Towers, G. P. Siroli, Christoph Schwick, J. Steuerer, D. R. Rust, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, J. Goldberg, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, G. J. VanDalen, M. Morii, M. Jimack, Peter R Hobson, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, B. Nellen, P. F. Harrison, G. M. Dallavalle, E. do Couto e Silva, P. Leblanc, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, E. Torrente-Lujan, Roger Barlow, John Allison, G. G. Hanson, R. E. Hughes-Jones, H. O. Ogren, T. Behnke, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, M. Hansroul, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, R. Yaari, J. von Krogh, A. M. Lee, T. J. Smith, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, I. Cohen, R. Mir, P. Schenk, P. Weber, J. E. Conboy, R. G. Kellogg, M. S. Dixit, A. Yeaman, Frans Meijers, Dave Robinson, D. S. Koetke, A. M. Rossi, N. K. Watson, J. M. Lorah, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, L. A. del Pozo, C. Sbarra, T. Tsukamoto, Stefano Marcellini, S. Levegrün, J. Kroll, R. J. Homer, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, James Letts, W. Mohr, P. Mättig, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, F. X. Gentit, G. T. Zorn, A. A. Carter, M. J. Oreglia, Roger Jones, R. Van Kooten, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. Pouladdej, B. Fabbro, J. R. Carter, B. Panzer-Steindel, G. N. Patrick, G. Giacomelli, J. Banks, N. J. Tresilian, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, S. Barnett, D. Hochman, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, P. Bright-Thomas, R. J. Hemingway, M. A. Thomson, T. Hilse, O. Runolfsson, C. Beeston, Claudio Grandi, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, P. Poffenberger, M. Hauschild, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, F. C. Grant, R.J. Akers, O. Schaile, M. A. Whalley, Gregor Herten, C. Wahl, B. Wilkens, J. E. Pilcher, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, M. F. Turner, B. W. Kennedy, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, Tatsuo Kawamoto, M. Jones, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, P. S. Wells, Terry Richard Wyatt, and M. Coupland
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Maximum likelihood, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Detector, Elementary particle, Electron, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Quantum field theory, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: A sample of 2610 electron candidates and 2762 muon candidates identified in hadronicZ0 decays has been used to measure the averageb hadron lifetime. These data were recorded with the OPAL detector during 1990 and 1991. Maximum likelihood fits to the distributions of the lepton impact parameters yield an averageb hadron lifetime of $$\tau _b = 1523 \pm 34 \pm 38fs$$ , where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. This result is a weighted average over the semileptonic branching fractions and production rates of theb hadrons produced inZ0 decays.
Published: 1993

18. Precision measurements of the neutral current from hadron and lepton production at LEP

Author: D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, A. Astbury, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, A. D. Schaile, O. Ganel, A. J. Martin, G. M. Dallavalle, J. E. Conboy, V. H. Winterer, J. von Krogh, J. Kroll, C. Wahl, C. K. Hargrove, P. E.L. Clarke, Dave Robinson, F. X. Gentit, L. A. del Pozo, P. Berlich, J. E. Pilcher, B. Boden, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, J. C. Clayton, J. Steuerer, P. M. Hattersley, A. Pouladdej, T. Hilse, L. Köpke, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, G. A. Beck, B. Poli, Tohru Takeshita, P. Weber, S. Wotton, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, James Pinfold, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, O. Runolfsson, P. Teixeira-Dias, J. R. Batley, P. S. Wells, Georges Azuelos, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, S. J. Hiller, R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, D. G. Fong, F. Lamarche, A. A. Carter, R. Van Kooten, G. P. Siroli, Christoph Schwick, T. Mouthuy, Terry Richard Wyatt, B. Schmitt, J. M. Lorah, J. Goldberg, K. W. Bell, N. I. Geddes, Max Weber, H. Deng, R. Humbert, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, M. Coupland, F. S. Merritt, Silvia Arcelli, W. Mohr, O. Schaile, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, B. Nellen, W. J. Collins, P. Leblanc, G. T. Zorn, J. Banks, Randall Sobie, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, B. C. Shen, H. Mes, R. Yaari, M. W. Redmond, S. Bethke, Tara Shears, P. A. Elcombe, G. D. Lafferty, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, C. Leroy, A. K. Honma, Richard Keeler, I. P. Duerdoth, Marco Cuffiani, D. E. Plane, C. Y. Chang, Margret Fincke-Keeler, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, J. F. Kral, Horst Breuker, H. Jeremie, D. Van den plas, R. E. Hughes-Jones, A. M. Rossi, T. W. Pritchard, P. Jovanovic, H. G. Evans, J. Becker, P. F. Harrison, W. G. Scott, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, Norbert Wermes, Claudio Grandi, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, G. J. VanDalen, S. W. O'Neale, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, U. Maur, J. A. McKenna, D. R. Rust, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, T. Tsukamoto, K. J. Anderson, R. Kowalewski, S. Levegrün, H. M. Fischer, M. Tecchio, P. Bentkowski, S. L. Chu, S. Barnett, J. Mildenberger, J. P. Pansart, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Andris Skuja, J. A. Wilson, Harold Nguyen, E. do Coto e Silva, D. L. Rees, A. Michelini, M. A. Thomson, P. Pfister, Alessandro Montanari, A. C. Janissen, M. J. Losty, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, A. Gaidot, M. F. Turner, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, R. F. McGowan, P. Taras, J. M. Roney, M. Sproston, Erez Etzion, Tetsuro Mashimo, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, M. Hauschild, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, P. Routenburg, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, R. Mir, Alan Watson, Mitsuaki Nozaki, W. Schappert, G. Beaudoin, K. Stephens, B. W. Kennedy, J. R. McNutt, H. Ihssen, C. Markus, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, P. Paschievici, W. Gorn, John Hobbs, D. J.P. Dumas, G. A. Bahan, M. Jimack, John Allison, P. G. Estabrooks, S. W. Gensler, R. P. Middleton, T. Kobayashi, V. Gibson, F. Odorici, A. Buijs, C. J. Virtue, G. Quast, M. Jobes, U. Binder, P. Poffenberger, C. Jui, P. Scharff-Hansen, W. R. Gibson, Shlomo Dado, M. J. Oreglia, M. Hansroul, D. M. Strom, John Baines, R. G. Kellogg, J. W. Gary, F. G. Oakham, A. M. Smith, P. M. Watkins, Phillip Allport, A. Beck, E. Heflin, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, G. Vasseur, X. C. Lou, B. Lorazo, J. Hart, Tatsuo Kawamoto, R. J. Homer, R. M. Brown, D. S. Koetke, Lorne Levinson, Stefano Marcellini, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, J. D. Gillies, Giora Mikenberg, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, E. Torrente-Lujan, Roger Barlow, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, D. J. Miller, James Letts, J. G. Layter, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, J. P. Martin, A. M. Lee, S. De Jong, P. Bright-Thomas, R. J. Hemingway, G. G. Hanson, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, Sachio Komamiya, N. J. Tresilan, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, E. Ros, P. Singh, J. Hagemann, R. W. L. Jones, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, Takehiko Mori, B. Panzer-Steindel, G. Giacomelli, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, D. A. Hinshaw, A. Yeaman, N. K. Watson, T. J. Smith, T. Behnke, P. Mättig, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Morii, Peter R Hobson, M. Settles, M. Foucher, G. Duckeck, G. W. Wilson, R. Ströhmer, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, H. M. Bosch, and Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Neutral current, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Electroweak interaction, Nuclear physics, Pair production, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Born approximation, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment, Bhabha scattering, Lepton
Abstract: New measurements of the hadronic and leptonic cross sections and of the leptonic forward-backward asymmetries ine+e− collisions are presented. The analysis includes data recorded up to the end of 1991 by the OPAL experiment at LEP, with centre-of-mass energies within ±3 GeV of the Z0 mass. The results are based on a recorded total of 454 000 hadronic and 58 000 leptonic events. A model independent analysis of Z0 parameters based on an extension of the improved Born approximation is presented leading to test of lepton universality and an interpretation of the results within the Standard Model framework. The determination of the mass and width of the Z0 benefit from an improved understanding of the LEP energy calibration.
Published: 1993

19. QCD coherence studies using two particle azimuthal correlations

Author: P. Singh, M. Hauschild, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, T. R. Wyatt, Silvia Arcelli, R. W. L. Jones, M. Hansroul, H. Przysiezniak, P. Le Du, J. C. Clayton, B. Panzer-Steindel, Sachio Komamiya, E. Ros, J. P. Martin, J. Hart, G. Beaudoin, G. Giacomelli, Andris Skuja, C. Wahl, J. D. Gillies, C. P. Howarth, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, J. E. Pilcher, Tetsuro Mashimo, M. Jimack, John Allison, O. Schaile, R. J. Homer, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, S. De Jong, Gideon Bella, Tohru Takeshita, T. J. Smith, D. J. Miller, Shlomo Dado, T. Hilse, A. Simon, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, Otmar Biebel, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, P. Mättig, O. Runolfsson, G. E. Richards, P. M. Watklins, F. C. Grant, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, P. Poffenberger, M. A. Whalley, F. S. Merritt, F. Lamarche, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, Peter Sherwood, Georges Azuelos, W. Gorn, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, X. C. Lou, R. Van Kooten, P. A. Elcombe, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, D. Pitman, P. Teixeira-Dias, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, G. A. Bahan, Takehiko Mori, Claudio Grandi, N. I. Geddes, Max Weber, H. Deng, R. Humbert, G. D. Lafferty, H. Mes, P. Jovanovic, D. C. Imrie, A. Buijs, Giora Mikenberg, J. C. Hill, M. H. Lehto, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, I. P. Duerdoth, M. Yurko, Misao Sasaki, D. M. Strom, P. W. Jeffreys, B. C. Shen, I. J. Bloodworth, C. Jui, J. Hagemann, P. Igo-Kemenes, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, T. Mouthuy, A. M. Lee, Tatsuo Kawamoto, Alessandro Montanari, H. J. Burckardt, R. G. Kellogg, Margret Fincke-Keeler, G. Maringer, A. K. Honma, M. Settles, R. J. Hemingway, P. G. Estabrooks, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, John Hobbs, Stefano Marcellini, W. G. Scott, D. G. Fong, M. Foucher, G. J. VanDalen, A. D. Schaile, James Letts, H. Jeremie, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, R. Kowalewski, G. P. Siroli, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, P. Pfister, G. W. Wilson, A. Astbury, K. J. Anderson, D. Karlen, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, R. Mir, J. A. McKenna, C. Burgard, G. T. Zorn, S. Wotton, F. G. Oakham, G. Duckeck, V. H. Winterer, Christoph Schwick, O. Ganel, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, V. Gibson, M. J. Losty, R. Ströhmer, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, E. do Couto e Silva, A. J. Martin, P. Taras, A. Yeaman, A. M. Rossi, P. S. Wells, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Mitsuaki Nozaki, T. Tsukamoto, M. J. Oreglia, B. W. Kennedy, H. M. Fischer, J. Goldberg, P. E.L. Clarke, J. Steuerer, N. K. Watson, R. F. McGowan, M. Jobes, U. Binder, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, J. M. Lorah, M. Coupland, B. Nellen, J. Banks, P. Scharff-Hansen, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, W. J. Collins, Randall Sobie, W. Mohr, P. Leblanc, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, N. J. Tresilian, S. Weisz, G. N. Patrick, J. W. Gary, S. Bougerolle, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, H. O. Ogren, D. Van den plas, Richard Keeler, M. W. Redmond, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, C. K. Hargrove, T. W. Pritchard, S. Levergrün, A. Rollnik, J. M. Roney, B. Lorazo, J. R. Carter, H. G. Evans, D. R. Rust, M. J. Goodrick, F. Odorici, J. E. Conboy, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, Claude Leroy, P. Lennert, Phillip Allport, I. Cohen, J. P. Pansart, P. Weber, J. Kroll, A. Gaidot, F. X. Gentit, R. Yaari, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, S. Bethke, B. Boden, D. A. Hinshaw, Marco Cuffiani, P. Routenburg, B. Poli, A. Pouladdej, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, Erez Etzion, Tara Shears, J. R. Batley, D. E. Plane, C. Y. Chang, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, M. Morii, S. W. O'Neale, Stephen Hillier, Peter R Hobson, T. Behnke, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, Gideon Alexander, R. P. Middleton, Horst Breuker, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, P. M. Hattersley, W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, P. F. Harrison, E. Heflin, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, R. M. Brown, M. Tecchio, Lorne Levinson, N. Wermes, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, Roger Barlow, G. G. Hanson, E.J. Prebys, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, G. M. Dallavalle, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, A. A. Carter, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, W. Schappert, S. Barnett, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, K. Stephens, J. R. McNutt, G. Quast, John Baines, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, J. G. Layter, and M. F. Turner
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Monte Carlo method, Perturbative QCD, Parton, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Parton shower, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment, Coherence (physics)
Abstract: From a sample of 146900 hadronicZ 0 decays recorded by the OPAL detector at LEP, we have studied the azimuthal correlations of particles in hadronic events. It is expected that these correlations are sensitive to interference effects in QCD. We have compared the data to QCD Monte Carlo models which include and which do not include interference effects. We find that the distributions of azimuthal correlations are not reproduced by the parton shower models we have tested unless interference effects are included, no matter which hadronisation scheme is used.
Published: 1993

20. Evidence for chain-like production of strange baryon pairs in jets

Author: T. P. Kokott, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, F. X. Gentit, A. Beck, C. Markus, S. Komamiya, W. R. Gibson, G. G. Hanson, S. Dado, John Hobbs, A. M. Lee, F. Odorici, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, T. Hilse, J. Schwiening, F. S. Merritt, T. Mashimo, G. W. Wilson, H. O. Ogren, D. L. Rees, K. Stephens, D. Pitman, A. Dieckmann, J. E. Conboy, J. Kroll, S. Bethke, Tara Shears, R. M. Brown, R. J. Hemingway, S. Rossberg, H. Jeremie, Andris Skuja, S. Barnett, J. A. McKenna, H. M. Fischer, M. W. Redmond, W. Mohr, Frans Meijers, Peter R Hobson, G. Duckeck, P. Routenburg, E. Heflin, P. E.L. Clarke, A. Simon, C. Wahl, F. G. Oakham, J. Letts, G. Quast, E. Duchovni, A. Wagner, M. Morii, T. Mori, Horst Breuker, P. A. Elcombe, B. Lorazo, Otmar Biebel, G. N. Patrick, E. do Couto e Silva, M. Cooper, T. Mouthuy, J. Ludwig, A. Yeaman, J. Pinfold, P. M. Watkins, D. C. Imrie, S. Tarem, A. Gaidot, D. Menszner, M. Hansroul, H. G. Evans, T. J. McMahon, P. Weber, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, M. J. Goodrick, S. De Jong, S. Levegrün, J. Hart, Tohru Takeshita, P. Sherwood, H. M. Bosch, F. Lamarche, M. Yurko, P. Mättig, D. Hochman, W. J. Collins, P. Pfister, H. Przysiezniak, H. Deng, Harold Nguyen, N. K. Watson, P. Bentkowski, J. P. Martin, J. D. Gillies, C. Moisan, G. T. Zorn, M. Jimack, B. Panzer-Steindel, C. Jui, Richard Keeler, G. Beaudoin, T. J. Smith, M. Sasaki, P. Berlich, X. C. Lou, R. Humbert, J. Mildenberger, D. E. Plane, C. Y. Chang, S. Marcellini, J. F. Kral, G. P. Siroli, D. R. Rust, J. C. Clayton, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, P. G. Estabrooks, K. J. Anderson, P. Poffenberger, I. Cohen, C. M. Hawkes, A. Pouladdej, R. E. Hughes-Jones, M. Coupland, C. Burgard, V. Gibson, John Baines, P. Bock, O. Runolfsson, E. Ros, G. Giacomelli, Gideon Bella, J. Hagemann, R. K. Carnegie, C. Leroy, A. C. Janissen, N. I. Geddes, G. Yekutieli, G. Transtromer, M. Kuwano, U. Binder, B. C. Shen, R. Lahmann, W. Schappert, J. C. Hill, H. J. Burckhart, A. Michelini, B. Poli, Carla Sbarra, A. Jawahery, J. P. Pansart, J. R. McNutt, E. Etzion, J. Becker, U. Maur, M. Fierro, T. W. Pritchard, John Allison, R. G. Kellogg, D. S. Koetke, R. W.L. Jones, R. W. Springer, D. R. Ward, B. Boden, P. W. Jeffreys, M. F. Turner, R. Yaari, Mitsuaki Nozaki, B. W. Kennedy, S. Arcelli, V. H. Winterer, G. M. Dallavalle, S. L. Chu, P. Igo-Kemenes, J. von Krogh, P. F. Harrison, H. Mes, Dave Robinson, G. Azuelos, L. A. del Pozo, G. A. Bahan, M. Hauschild, Alan Watson, P. Kyberd, P. D. Acton, R. F. McGowan, C. K. Hargrove, J. A. Wilson, W. G. Scott, A. Rollnik, M. J. Losty, J. M. Lorah, M. Sproston, A. M. Rossi, M. Jobes, G. D. Lafferty, A. J. Martin, P. Leblanc, D. Lellouch, I. P. Duerdoth, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, H. Ihssen, F. K. Loebinger, M. A. Thomson, J. G. Layter, R. Kowalewski, S. Wotton, R. Ströhmer, L. Levinson, M. Rosvick, G. Alexander, P.P. Singh, F. C. Grant, W. Gorn, P. Bright-Thomas, A. Buijs, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, D. M. Strom, C. Grandi, Tatsuo Kawamoto, O. Schaile, S. Schreiber, R. Giacomelli, K. Runge, N. J. Tresilian, B. Nellen, R. Van Kooten, D. J. Miller, M. Dittmar, J. Steuerer, T. Kobayashi, M. Fincke-Keeler, D. Karlen, J. Goldberg, D. Axen, P. Paschievici, A. K. Honma, C. J. Oram, O. Ganel, G. Vasseur, M. Weber, R. Mir, M. Settles, M. Foucher, M. J. Oreglia, T. Wlodek, P. Schenk, J. E. Pilcher, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, G. Maringer, N. J. Thackray, M. H. Lehto, G. J. VanDalen, E. Torrente-Lujan, Roger Barlow, M. Cuffiani, G. A. Beck, Ian J Bloodworth, A. A. Carter, G. E. Richards, A. Astbury, P. M. Hattersley, S. Orito, T. Tsukamoto, Austin Ball, A. Montanari, P. Jovanovic, J. Banks, J. R. Carter, N. Tesch, C. J. Virtue, M. A. Whalley, G. Mikenberg, T. R. Wyatt, S. W. O'Neale, L. Köpke, Stefan Kluth, J. R. Batley, R. Sobie, R. P. Middleton, C. Geich-Gimbel, P. S. Wells, R. J. Homer, R. Shypit, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, T. Behnke, J. P. Walker, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, J. M. Roney, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, N. Wermes, P. Scharff-Hansen, P. Teixeira-Dias, B. Schmitt, J. W. Gary, A. M. Smith, D. J.P. Dumas, D. A. Hinshaw, A. D. Schaile, K. W. Bell, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, P. Taras, Phillip Allport, Paolo Capiluppi, C. Schwick, and M. S. Dixit
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Monte Carlo method, Hadron, Strangeness, Nuclear physics, Baryon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Rapidity, Baryon number, Nuclear Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The production dynamics of baryon-antibaryon pairs are investigated using hadronic Z0 decays, recorded with the OPAL detector, which contain at least two identified Λ baryons. The rapidly difference for Λ Λ pairs shows the correlations expected from models with a chain-like production of baryon-antibaryon pairs. If the baryon number of a Λ is compensated by a Λ , the Λ is found with a probability of 53% in an interval of ±0.6 around the Λ rapidity. This correlation strength is weaker than predicted by the Herwig Monte Carlo and the Jetset Monte Carlo with a production chain of baryon-antibaryon, and stronger than predicted by the UCLA model. The observed rapidity correlations can be described by the Jetset Monte Carlo with a dominant production chain of baryon-meson-antibaryon, the popcorn mechanism. In addition to the short range correlations, one finds an indication of a correlation of Λ Λ pairs in opposite hemispheres if both the Λ and the Λ have large rapidities. Such long range correlations are expected if the primary quark flavours are compensated in opposite hemispheres and if these quarks are found in energetic baryons. Rates for simultaneous baryon and strangeness number compensation for Λ Λ , Ξ − Ξ + and Ξ − Λ ( Λ + Λ ) are measured and compared with different Monte Carlo models.
Published: 1993

21. A measurement of (892)± production in hadronic Z0 decays

Author: J. Steuerer, T. Kobayashi, M. Fincke-Keeler, P. D. Acton, S. Bethke, A. Astbury, P. M. Hattersley, J. Letts, G. Quast, E. Duchovni, L. Köpke, W. Mohr, D. R. Rust, P. A. Elcombe, J. Schwiening, S. J. Hillier, F. Odorici, P. Routenburg, C. Geich-Gimbel, J. Hart, R. Shypit, F. G. Oakham, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, Tara Shears, A. Simon, J. A. Wilson, D. Van den plas, P. Igo-Kemenes, K. Runge, E. Ros, R. M. Brown, S. Tarem, S. Levegrün, T. Mori, P. Bentkowski, T. J. McMahon, Otmar Biebel, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, N. J. Tresilian, G. Mikenberg, B. Nellen, P. S. Wells, G. Duckeck, C. M. Hawkes, A. Pouladdej, H. Przysiezniak, H. Deng, E. Torrente-Lujan, X. C. Lou, B. Poli, Tohru Takeshita, R. Humbert, S. W. O'Neale, W. Schappert, Carla Sbarra, Roger Barlow, R. J. Homer, G. G. Hanson, S. Dado, Horst Breuker, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, G. Beaudoin, S. Wotton, R. Ströhmer, D. Karlen, F. Lamarche, R. Yaari, M. H. Lehto, J. Goldberg, F. C. Grant, C. Markus, G. Giacomelli, T. Hilse, B. C. Shen, L. Levinson, W. Gorn, R. Sobie, G. N. Patrick, H. O. Ogren, S. Bougerolle, E.J. Prebys, P. Paschievici, C. J. Virtue, O. Ganel, S. Komamiya, J. F. Kral, A. M. Lee, D. Axen, D. Pitman, A. K. Honma, G. P. Siroli, N. I. Geddes, T. Wlodek, N. Tesch, Frans Meijers, P. Bright-Thomas, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, T. P. Kokott, C. Grandi, T. R. Wyatt, S. Arcelli, S. Rossberg, H. Jeremie, M. Jimack, B. Panzer-Steindel, C. Jui, A. Dieckmann, J. E. Conboy, J. C. Hill, Tatsuo Kawamoto, M. Cooper, G. J. VanDalen, Stefan Kluth, S. Schreiber, W. J. Collins, Peter R Hobson, R. J. Hemingway, J. Banks, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, F. X. Gentit, R. Mir, D. J. Miller, P. Weber, J. Kroll, C. J. Oram, F. K. Loebinger, Gideon Bella, G. Yekutieli, D. E. Plane, J. Ludwig, A. Yeaman, M. A. Thomson, E. do Couto e Silva, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, E. Heflin, D. L. Rees, K. Stephens, H. J. Burckhart, D. Hochman, J. Pinfold, Jacqueline Batley, Richard Keeler, C. K. Hargrove, M. J. Oreglia, P. Pfister, P. Sherwood, S. Marcellini, Ian J Bloodworth, C. Wahl, T. J. Smith, M. Cuffani, N. K. Watson, A. Beck, C. Moisan, P. M. Watkins, Alan Watson, G. Transtromer, G. Azuelos, D. J.P. Dumas, O. Runolfsson, A. Gaidot, S. Orito, F. S. Merritt, A. Rollnik, W. R. Gibson, M. Sasaki, A. Montanari, S. W. Gensler, R. K. Carnegie, C. Leroy, A. D. Schaile, J. R. Carter, John Hobbs, U. Binder, J. R. McNutt, Austin Ball, A. C. Janissen, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, G. Vasseur, P. Berlich, S. De Jong, M. Weber, E. Etzion, J. Becker, U. Maur, T. Mashimo, M. J. Losty, P. Mättig, M. Sproston, M. Settles, G. A. Bahan, T. Tsukamoto, G. W. Wilson, Mitsuaki Nozaki, J. A. McKenna, J. P. Martin, M. Foucher, J. D. Gillies, J. Mildenberger, B. Lorazo, H. M. Fischer, R. E. Hughes-Jones, A. Wagner, M. Coupland, P. Schenk, B. W. Kennedy, D. C. Imrie, C. Burgard, M. A. Whalley, J. E. Pilcher, V. Gibson, V. H. Winterer, John Baines, G. M. Dallavalle, D. R. Ward, B. Boden, M. Hansroul, P. Teixeira-Dias, P. Taras, J. von Krogh, P. Poffenberger, P. F. Harrison, H. Mes, J. P. Pansart, Phillip Allport, Peter Clarke, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, M. Hauschild, J. C. Clayton, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, P. G. Estabrooks, I. Cohen, K. J. Anderson, P. Kyberd, W. G. Scott, T. W. Pritchard, John Allison, Paolo Capiluppi, C. Schwick, J. M. Lorah, A. M. Rossi, R. F. McGowan, M. S. Dixit, M. Jobes, G. D. Lafferty, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, P. Leblanc, R. G. Kellogg, D. S. Koetke, R. W.L. Jones, G. E. Richards, K. W. Bell, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, O. Schaile, D. Menszner, Harold Nguyen, R. P. Middleton, J. Hagemann, P. Bock, A. Michelini, M. Kuwano, R. Lahmann, G. Alexander, P.P. Singh, M. W. Redmond, M. Rosvick, H. M. Bosch, A. A. Carter, T. Mouthuy, G. T. Zorn, N. Wermes, P. Scharff-Hansen, B. Schmitt, J. W. Gary, A. M. Smith, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, D. A. Hinshaw, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, P. Jovanovic, J. P. Walker, D. G. Fong, A. Jawahery, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, J. M. Roney, R. W. Springer, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Andris Skuja, S. Barnett, A. J. Martin, D. Lellouch, T. Behnke, I. P. Duerdoth, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, H. Ihssen, J. G. Layter, R. Kowalewski, G. Maringer, N. J. Thackray, R. Van Kooten, and M. Dittmar
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cross section (physics), Particle physics, Meson, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Event (particle physics), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: This is the post-print version of the Article - Copyright @ 1993 Elsevier. Measurements are presented of the inclusive cross section for K∗(892)± production in hadronic decays of the Z0 using a sample of about half a million events recorded with the OPAL experiment at LEP. Charged K∗ mesons are reconstructed in the decay channel K0Sπ±. A mean rate of 0.72±0.02±0.08 K∗ mesons per hadronic event is found. Comparison of the results with predictions of the JETSET and HERWIG models shows that JETSET overestimates the K∗± production cross section while HERWIG is consistent with the data. This study was supported by the Department of Energy, USA, National Science Foundation, USA, Science and Engineering Research Council, UK, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Canada, Israeli Ministry of Science, Minerva Gesellschaft, Japanese Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (the Monbusho) and a grant under the Monbusho International Science Research Program, American Israeli Bi-national Science Foundation, Direction des Sciences de la Matibre du Commissariat ~ l'Energie Atomique, France, Bundesministerium f'fir Forschung und Technologie, FRG, National Research Council of Canada, Canada, A.P. Sloan Foundation and Junta Nacional de Investigag~o Ciendfica e Tecnolrgica, Portugal.
Published: 1993

22. A study of the electric charge distributions of quark and gluon jets in hadronic Z0 decays

Author: T. W. Pritchard, D. E. Plane, J. Gascon, J. A. Wilson, Horst Breuker, K. Stephens, G. Yekutieli, R. Giacomelli, H. M. Bosch, S. Levegrün, M. Cuffiani, A. Jawahery, D. J. Miller, Tohru Takeshita, M. A. Thomson, I. Cohen, R. F. McGowan, Alan Watson, J. P. Walker, A. M. Rossi, Richard Keeler, J. Mildenberger, M. Weber, I. J. Bloodworth, R. Mir, G. D. Lafferty, R. W. Springer, John Carter, John Hobbs, D. J.P. Dumas, M. Jimack, M. Kuwano, P. Bright-Thomas, P. Kyberd, J. P. Pansart, J. F. Kral, J. Allison, J. Steuerer, D. Karlen, T. Wlodek, R. J. Hemingway, C. J. Oram, A. Gaidot, Gideon Bella, W. R. Gibson, S. W. O'Neale, H. J. Burckhart, P. M. Hattersley, A. Wagner, H. Przysiezniak, F. C. Grant, J. Hagemann, O. Runolfsson, R. Ströhmer, D. C. Imrie, S. Wotton, D. A. Hinshaw, B. Panzer-Steindel, E. Ros, R. J. Homer, J. Hart, A. Astbury, J. P. Martin, A. Rollnik, U. Maur, H. Mes, K. Runge, S. Kluth, G. Vasseur, W. Gorn, D. Hochman, P. Mättig, Carla Sbarra, P. Igo-Kemenes, R. D. Heuer, P. Berlich, B. C. Shen, R. W.L. Jones, J. C. Hill, J. D. Gillies, J. R. Batley, T. J. McMahon, M. A. Whalley, P. Bentkowski, P. A. Elcombe, J. C. Clayton, T. Kawamoto, T. Hilse, J. Pinfold, P. G. Estabrooks, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, D. Van den plas, T. Tsukamoto, A. Beck, D. Menszner, John Baines, J. Becker, G. G. Hanson, P. S. Wells, C. Geich-Gimbel, R. G. Kellogg, G. P. Siroli, J. M. Lorah, G. Transtromer, G. Alexander, A. Pouladdej, Phillip Allport, D. Lellouch, J. Letts, S. Orito, G. J. VanDalen, T. Behnke, Andris Skuja, J. Kroll, M. Dittmar, C. K. Hargrove, D. S. Koetke, G. Maringer, D. R. Ward, V. H. Winterer, R. M. Brown, P. M. Watkins, U. Binder, M. Yurko, T. R. Wyatt, R. J. Barlow, A. M. Lee, M. J. Oreglia, G. T. Zorn, M. Hansroul, B. Nellen, P. Taras, C. Moisan, J. Goldberg, O. Biebel, R. Sobie, S. Bethke, C. Burgard, P. Bock, A. Buijs, C. Schwick, G. Mikenberg, M. Sasaki, N. I. Geddes, T. P. Kokott, L. Levinson, P. Singh, D. M. Strom, S. Tarem, A. Dieckmann, C. J. Virtue, N. J. Tresilian, F. G. Oakham, D. R. Rust, A. A. Carter, T. Mashimo, A. J. Martin, R. P. Middleton, F. S. Merritt, J. E. Pilcher, T. J. Smith, F. X. Gentit, Austin Ball, K. J. Anderson, W. J. Collins, W. Schappert, S. Barnett, Maurice Goodrick, Paolo Capiluppi, E. Heflin, N. K. Watson, C. P. Ward, F. Lamarche, M. Nozaki, B. Schmitt, R. E. Hughes-Jones, G. W. Wilson, P. Poffenberger, O. Ganel, P. Routenburg, C. Wahl, B. Lorazo, J. W. Gary, Harold Nguyen, H. G. Evans, A. D. Schaile, C. Grandi, T. Mori, P. Weber, E. do Couto e Silva, L. Köpke, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, P. Teixeira-Dias, T. Kobayashi, G. Quast, G. Duckeck, G. Azuelos, W. G. Scott, J. A. McKenna, M. Hauschild, M. S. Dixit, A. Montanari, E. Torrente-Lujan, J. Ludwig, S. De Jong, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, H. Deng, S. Marcellini, C. M. Hawkes, J. Schwiening, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, X. C. Lou, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. J. Losty, P. Scharff-Hansen, D. Axen, R. Yaari, P. Pfister, F. Odorici, E. Etzion, M. Rosvick, S. Arcelli, M. Tecchio, M. Coupland, P. Sherwood, G. A. Beck, C. Markus, G. Giacomelli, J. R. McNutt, A. Simon, P. Jovanovic, M. Cooper, H. M. Fischer, S. Rossberg, P. W. Jeffreys, M. Fincke-Keeler, A. M. Smith, H. O. Ogren, M. Settles, M. W. Redmond, R. Shypit, R. Kowalewski, O. Schaile, M. Sproston, G. N. Patrick, K. W. Bell, G. A. Bahan, S. W. Gensler, F. K. Loebinger, B. Poli, S. J. Hillier, M. H. Lehto, J. E. Conboy, P. E.L. Clarke, M. Fierro, D. G. Fong, H. von der Schmitt, H. Jeremie, J. G. Layter, N. Wermes, I. P. Duerdoth, A. Michelini, M. Foucher, P. Leblanc, M. Jobes, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, N. J. Thackray, B. W. Kennedy, T. Mouthuy, P. Paschievici, A. C. Janissen, J. M. Roney, R. Lahmann, H. Ihssen, A. Yeaman, S. Dado, A. K. Honma, S. Komamiya, P. R. Hobson, W. Mohr, Frans Meijers, R. Humbert, J. Banks, P. Schenk, E. Duchovni, G. A. Snow, D. L. Rees, C. Leroy, S. L. Chu, S. Schreiber, V. Gibson, C. Jui, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, K. Kawagoe, P. F. Harrison, R. K. Carnegie, B. Boden, G. M. Dallavalle, J. von Krogh, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Dave Robinson, N. Tesch, L. A. del Pozo, G. Beaudoin, D. Pitman, G. E. Richards, R. Van Kooten, Franco Luigi Fabbri, and Tara Shears
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Charge conservation, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Charge (physics), Jet (particle physics), Bottom quark, Electric charge, Gluon, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton
Abstract: A sample of three-jet events containing a lepton with high momentum and transverse momentum is selected from hadronic decays of the Z0. The presence of the lepton indicates the semi-leptonic decay of a bottom quark and allows us, in combination with energy ordering of the jets, to distinguish between quark and gluon jets. The sign of the lepton charge is used to identify jets originating from positively and negatively charged quarks, for the jets with the lepton and for the high energy jets. Defining the jet charge by summing the charge of the particles assigned to a jet, it is observed that the mean jet charge of the quark jets is incompatible with zero and that the sign of the jet charge corresponds to that expected from the charge of the primary quark. In contrast, the mean charge of the gluon jets is consistent with zero.
Published: 1993

23. The forward-backward asymmetry of $$e^ + e^ - \to b\bar b and e^ + e^ - \to c\bar c$$ using leptons in hadronicZ 0 decays

Author: Madjid Boutemeur, Tohru Takeshita, James Pinfold, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, S. L. Chu, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, Georges Azuelos, D. Pitman, S. Barnett, P. M. Hattersley, M. H. Lehto, P. M. Watkins, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, F. Odorici, J. W. Gary, Max Weber, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, R. Mir, D. Hochman, C. Sbarra, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, J. C. Hill, T. G. Shears, Misao Sasaki, M. Yurko, John Hobbs, Erez Etzion, Michael Dittmar, R. Lahmann, H. M. Fischer, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, F. S. Merritt, G. Yekutieli, J. C. Clayton, Silvia Arcelli, Stefan Kluth, D. M. Gingrich, Shlomit Tarem, D. C. Imrie, B. C. Shen, B. Fabbro, B. Panzer-Steindel, J. G. Layter, P. W. Jeffreys, A. K. Honma, C. Moisan, P. Scharff-Hansen, M. J. Oreglia, S. Rossberg, P. Berlich, C. J. Oram, L. Köpke, G. P. Siroli, R. P. Middleton, W. G. Scott, G. Beaudoin, A. A. Carter, G. A. Beck, Christoph Schwick, Achim Stahl, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, P. Teixeira-Dias, P. E.L. Clarke, A. D. Schaile, J. Steuerer, Matthias Schröder, Gunter Wolf, Roger Jones, R. Van Kooten, P. F. Harrison, J. A. McKenna, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, R. Kowalewski, M. J. Losty, J. M. Lorah, D. R. Rust, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, H. Lafoux, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, S. Wotton, A. Michelini, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, Otmar Biebel, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, A. Yeaman, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, P. Bright-Thomas, M. Tecchio, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, B. Lorazo, B. Schmitt, J. M. Roney, Andris Skuja, V. H. Winterer, A. M. Lee, M. W. Redmond, P. Igo-Kemenes, H. Jeremie, T. J. Smith, A. C. Janissen, K. Stephens, H. Deng, Margret Fincke-Keeler, N. K. Watson, J. R. McNutt, Sachio Komamiya, T. J. McMahon, R. Humbert, P. Mättig, R. Bartoldus, D. A. Hinshaw, D. L. Rees, R. Yaari, Tetsuro Mashimo, J. Goldberg, M. A. Thomson, H. O. Ogren, W. Mohr, J. Schwiening, U. Maur, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, P. Weber, S. A. Robins, R. K. Carnegie, S. Bethke, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, Marco Cuffiani, A. Astbury, V. Gibson, G. Quast, J. A. Wilson, T. P. Kokott, H. G. Evans, A. Luig, U. Müller, Paul Kyberd, I. J. Bloodworth, P. Pfister, F. K. Loebinger, T. Behnke, J. Kroll, R.J. Akers, Gideon Alexander, P. S. Wells, M. J. Goodrick, Paolo Capiluppi, Norbert Wermes, W. J. Collins, Sherry Towers, John Baines, I. Cohen, T. Kawamoto, T. Hilse, A. J. Martin, P. A. Elcombe, S. W. O'Neale, F. X. Gentit, K. J. Anderson, J. E. Conboy, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, W. Schappert, O. Runolfsson, J. Banks, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, M. Settles, A. Pouladdej, Shlomo Dado, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, M. Jimack, Terry Richard Wyatt, G. T. Zorn, H. Ihssen, N. J. Tresilian, D. R. Ward, T. W. Pritchard, E. do Couto e Silva, G. Transtromer, S. W. Gensler, R. D. Heuer, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, H. M. Bosch, C. K. Hargrove, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, M. Foucher, C. Beeston, X. C. Lou, Fabrizio Fabbri, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, M. Coupland, Claudio Grandi, C. J. Virtue, M. Morii, Peter R Hobson, P. Poffenberger, R. E. Hughes-Jones, O. Schaile, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, C. Gorn, Peter Sherwood, D. Van del Plas, J. Becker, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, M. Hansroul, John Allison, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, Giora Mikenberg, K. Runge, J. von Krogh, P. Bock, M. Jones, C. Burgard, A. M. Rossi, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, C. M. Hawkes, G. J. VanDalen, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Dave Robinson, R. G. Kellogg, R. J. Homer, Takehiko Mori, W. R. Gibson, L. A. del Pozo, D. S. Koetke, N. I. Geddes, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, B. Boden, B. Poli, C. Jui, A. Skillman, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, M. Hauschild, A. Beck, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, C. Stegmann, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, C. Markus, H. Przysiezniak, P. Routenburg, P. Paschievici, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, B. W. Kennedy, M. Fierro, E. Torrente-Lujan, D. E. Plane, P. Bentkowski, G. M. Dallavalle, D. J.P. Dumas, Gregor Herten, C. Wahl, B. Wilkens, J. E. Pilcher, G. G. Hanson, G. Giacomelli, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, J. P. Martin, S. De Jong, J. Hart, J. D. Gillies, R. J. Barlow, D. J. Miller, F. Lamarche, R. J. Hemingway, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, Alessandro Montanari, H. Takeda, and F. G. Oakham
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Engineering (miscellaneous), Energy (signal processing), Lepton, Bar (unit), media_common
Abstract: The forward-backward asymmetries of $$e^ + e^ - \to Z^0 \to b\bar b and e^ + e^ - \to Z^0 \to c\bar c$$ have been measured by the OPAL Collaboration using samples of hadronicZ 0 decays in which electron or muon candidates were observed. The asymmetries were measured simultaneously in a two parameter fit, which used the distributions of the track momentum and transverse momentum component with respect to the associated jet to distinguish lepton candidates from different sources. From a sample of 360 000 hadronic events with centre-of-mass energies within ±0.5 GeV of theZ 0 mass and mean energy 91.24. GeV, the values obtained for the $$b\bar b$$ asymmetry before and after correcting, for the effect of $$B^0 \overline {B^0 } $$ mixing, and for the $$c\bar c$$ asymmetry are, respectively: $$\begin{gathered} A_{FB}^{b,mix} = 0.070 \pm 0.014(stat) \pm 0.005(sys), \hfill \\ A_{FB}^b = 0.092 \pm 0.018(stat) \pm 0.007(sys) \hfill \\ \pm 0.003(mix), \hfill \\ A_{FB}^c = 0.014 \pm 0.030(stat) \pm 0.020(sys). \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$ The measurement of the $$b\bar b$$ asymmetry is confirmed by a measurement using only leptons with high transverse momentum. This sample is highly enriched in semileptonic decays ofb hadrons. Measurements using high transverse momentum leptons were also performed using samples of events with centre-of-mass energies further from theZ 0 mass. After correcting for the effect of $$B^0 \overline {B^0 } $$ mixing, the results are: $$\begin{gathered} A_{FB}^b (\langle \sqrt s \rangle = 89.66GeV) \hfill \\ = 0.071 \pm 0.054(stat) \pm 0.007(sys) \pm 0.002(mix), \hfill \\ A_{FB}^b (\langle \sqrt s \rangle = 92.75GeV) \hfill \\ = 0.131 \pm 0.047(stat) \pm 0.012(sys) \pm 0.004(mix). \hfill \\ \end{gathered} $$
Published: 1993

24. Inclusive neutral vector meson production in hadronicZ 0 decays

Author: P. Igo-Kemenes, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, J. Goldberg, P. Teixeira-Dias, G. Maringer, B. Nellen, H. Jeremie, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, M. Hauschild, P. M. Hattersley, R. Mir, P. Leblanc, V. Gibson, J. M. Lorah, I. J. Bloodworth, D. C. Imrie, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, Sachio Komamiya, G. P. Siroli, Christoph Schwick, J. M. Roney, D. A. Hinshaw, P. Weber, E. Ros, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, S. Schreiber, A. Astbury, T. J. McMahon, D. J. Miller, W. Mohr, B. C. Shen, H. G. Evans, E. do Couto e Silva, P. E.L. Clarke, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, M. Jimack, M. Hansroul, M. Yurko, M. J. Oreglia, R. Van Kooten, P. W. Jeffreys, D. Pitman, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, John Allison, O. Ganel, A. J. Martin, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, J. Steuerer, F. G. Oakham, M. Settles, P. S. Wells, R. G. Kellogg, J. G. Layter, A. M. Lee, M. Jobes, U. Binder, A. D. Schaile, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, M. F. Turner, T. Behnke, P. Scharff-Hansen, M. H. Lehto, M. Foucher, P. A. Elcombe, R. J. Homer, R. Kowalewski, Terry Richard Wyatt, J. C. Clayton, Stefano Marcellini, J. A. Wilson, James Letts, Margret Fincke-Keeler, M. Coupland, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, T. Mouthuy, G. N. Patrick, F. S. Merritt, Paul Kyberd, O. Schaile, G. W. Wilson, S. Wotton, W. Schappert, F. K. Loebinger, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, M. J. Losty, A. Skuja, D. Karlen, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, J. Hart, A. M. Smith, V. H. Winterer, M. W. Redmond, G. T. Zorn, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, R. Yaari, G. Vasseur, P. Pfister, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, P. Poffenberger, Richard Keeler, G. Beaudoin, J. D. Gillies, J. P. Martin, C. K. Hargrove, M. Manelli, H. Deng, R. Humbert, Peter Sherwood, B. Lorazo, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, A. Rollnik, A. M. Rossi, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, Takehiko Mori, R. J. Barlow, M. Morii, Michael Dittmar, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, H. Przysiezniak, G. J. Van Dalen, G. Yekutieli, K. Runge, P. Bock, S. De Jong, Peter R Hobson, D. R. Rust, Tetsuro Mashimo, T. Tsukamoto, P. Lennert, S. Levegrün, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, K. Stephens, Claude Leroy, Tohru Takeshita, Shlomo Dado, J. R. McNutt, M. Sproston, J. P. Pansart, T. Kawamoto, J. A. McKenna, F. Lamarche, F. Odorici, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, C. Wahl, W. J. Collins, Erez Etzion, P. Routenburg, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, R. J. Hemingway, A. A. Carter, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, J. Mildenberger, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, C. P. Howarth, T. Hilse, Harold Nguyen, X. C. Lou, S. Orito, Stefan Kluth, M. Rosvick, Shlomit Tarem, P. Jovanovic, R. F. McGowan, Austin Ball, O. Runolfsson, D. Menszner, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, Georges Azuelos, J. E. Pilcher, G. Quast, John Baines, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, S. Rossberg, W. Gorn, Alessandro Montanari, John Hobbs, Giora Mikenberg, H. O. Ogren, Claudio Grandi, C. J. Oram, G. A. Bahan, Tara Shears, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, S. W. O'Neale, D. R. Ward, C. Y. Chang, G. Transtromer, T. W. Pritchard, H. M. Bosch, R. P. Middleton, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, Max Weber, T. J. Smith, A. Yeaman, N. K. Watson, J. Banks, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, G. G. Hanson, N. J. Tresilian, P. Taras, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Mitsuaki Nozaki, D. G. Fong, Fabrizio Fabbri, P. Mättig, J. Kroll, Horst Breuker, D. Van den plas, J. Gascon, S. Barnett, G. Giacomelli, H. von der Schmitt, N. J. Thackray, E.J. Prebys, F. X. Gentit, J. von Krogh, J. E. Conboy, J. W. Gary, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, J. E. Duboscq, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, A. Pouladdej, K. J. Anderson, C. Jui, N. I. Geddes, B. Boden, B. Poli, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, J. R. Carter, D. Hochmann, Silvia Arcelli, Phillip Allport, P. Singh, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, R. W. L. Jones, N. Wermes, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, P. Le Du, B. Panzer-Steindel, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, P. G. Estabrooks, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, P. M. Watkins, P. F. Harrison, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, D. E. Plane, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, S. Bougerolle, W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, and B. W. Kennedy
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Meson production, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Monte Carlo method, Nuclear physics, Pion, Mass spectrum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutral vector, Ionization energy, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Results are reported of a study of neutral vector meson production in multihadronicZ0 decays in the OPAL experiment at LEP. Pions and kaons have been identified by specific ionisation energy loss andK±π∓ andK+K− mass spectra have been fitted, in bins of the scaled momentum variablexp, to combinations of resonance signals and non-resonant backgrounds. Rates are given forK*(892)° and o(1020), and production cross sections are compared to the predictions of Monte Carlo models. Overall multiplicities have been determined as 0.76±0.07±0.06K*(892)° and 0.086±0.015±0.010 o(1020) per hadronicZ0 decay (the quoted errors are respectively statistical and systematic). Momentum dependent distortions of the ππ mass spectra, possibly associated indirectly with Bose-Einstein effects, have prevented reliable measurement of the ρ(770)° cross section in this study.
Published: 1992

25. A study of charged particle multiplicities in hadronic decays of theZ 0

Author: W. R. Gibson, C. Ho, R. Mir, H. Mes, A. Beck, H. Oh, E. Heflin, Margret Fincke-Keeler, I. P. Duerdoth, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, B. W. Kennedy, K. J. Anderson, S. Bougerolle, F. Lamarche, R. J. Hemingway, D. E. Plane, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, M. Jobes, K. Stephens, J. R. McNutt, N. C. Wood, M. Jimack, John Allison, J. Goldberg, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, F. Odorici, U. Binder, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, P. Pfister, J. P. Martin, M. W. Moss, P. M. Hattersley, M. J. Oreglia, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, Silvia Arcelli, C. Fukunaga, P. Scharff-Hansen, W. J. Larson, R. G. Kellogg, B. Holl, I. Zacharov, Horst Breuker, B. Nellen, Alessandro Montanari, P. A. Elcombe, D. J. Miller, O. Runolfsson, V. Gibson, G. Quast, S. De Jong, John Baines, P. Leblanc, A. Astbury, D. C. Imrie, S. Wotton, Phillip Allport, G. Beaudoin, John Hobbs, Stefano Marcellini, J. Banks, P. Igo-Kemenes, T. Mouthuy, A. M. Smith, O. Ganel, James Letts, M. Weymann, G. Maringer, H. Jeremie, A. J. Martin, J. L. Pinfold, Tohru Takeshita, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, A. Simon, G. P. Siroli, P. S. Wells, M. Hauschild, D. R. Ward, Shlomo Dado, G. Vasseur, D. L. Rees, B. Lorazo, M. Hansroul, H. E. Stier, Claudio Grandi, F. S. Merritt, K. Riles, G. Transtromer, J. Becker, P. G. Estabrooks, G. T. Zorn, A. M. Rossi, S. Levegrün, M. Yurko, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, M. J. Goodrick, Otmar Biebel, D. G. Charlton, P. Paschievici, C. J. Virtue, Terry Richard Wyatt, M. Coupland, P. Debu, I. Cohen, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, N. K. Watson, B. B. Brabson, P. W. Jeffreys, D. Van den plas, C. K. Hargrove, X. C. Lou, Gideon Alexander, N. I. Geddes, P. E.L. Clarke, D. G. Fong, M. Couch, Richard Keeler, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, A. M. Lee, B. Boden, J. Gascon, Georges Azuelos, P. M. Watkins, B. Poli, H. von der Schmitt, H. Takeda, Claude Leroy, G. Eckerlin, Giora Mikenberg, J. P. Pansart, G. J. VanDalen, J. von Krogh, D. R. Rust, N. Wermes, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, F. C. Grant, J. A. McKenna, R. Humbert, M. A. Whalley, B. P. O'Neill, J. F. Kral, F. G. Oakham, A. C. Janissen, K. W. Bell, J. W. Gary, R. J. Homer, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, P. Lennert, Max Weber, I. Wingerter, Marcello Mannelli, S. A. Robins, R. F. McGowan, D. E. Klem, P. Ashton, A. Buijs, Andris Skuja, J. C. Hill, H. Ihssen, H. O. Ogren, Dave Robinson, M. F. Turner, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Misao Sasaki, B. C. Shen, Gideon Bella, Tetsuro Mashimo, P. Poffenberger, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, S. W. Gensler, J. D. Gillies, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, L. A. del Pozo, A. K. Honma, M. M. Deninno, W. G. Scott, J. Kroll, C. Moisan, H. J. Burckhart, O. Schaile, J. P. Walker, R. Yaari, T. Kobayashi, Jacqueline Batley, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, F. X. Gentit, Sachio Komamiya, T. Kawamoto, J. E. Conboy, M. H. Lehto, E. Ros, S. Bethke, Michael Dittmar, M. Ogg, R. Kowalewski, P. Teixeira-Dias, R. J. Barlow, W. Gorn, M. W. Redmond, Marco Cuffiani, G. Yekutieli, J. M. Roney, A. Pouladdej, W. J. Collins, Randall Sobie, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, G. A. Bahan, A. Rollnik, G. G. Hanson, A. A. Carter, A. Gaidot, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, G. D. Lafferty, M. Kuwano, P. Weber, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, M. J. Losty, J. Hart, M. Sproston, S. J. Pawley, C. Y. Chang, P. Berlich, Claus Kleinwort, L. Köpke, T. W. Pritchard, H. Tsukamoto, P. Routenburg, P. Taras, Mitsuaki Nozaki, C. Wahl, S. Schreiber, G. Giacomelli, Y. Yang, T. J. McMahon, A. Dieckmann, J. Schwiening, C. P. Howarth, P. F. Harrison, P. Singh, R. K. Carnegie, H. Przysiezniak, J. E. Pilcher, J. A. Wilson, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, R. W. L. Jones, E.J. Prebys, A. D. Schaile, W. Schappert, P. Le Du, H. Kreutzmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, V. H. Winterer, S. R. Hou, J. M. Lorah, W. Mohr, J. G. Layter, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, D. Strom, S. Sanghera, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, D. A. Hinshaw, T. Behnke, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, T. J. Smith, P. Mättig, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, Erez Etzion, Gareth J. Barker, Shlomit Tarem, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, and R. P. Middleton
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Multiplicity (mathematics), Charged particle, Sphericity, Nuclear physics, Log-normal distribution, Gamma distribution, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Parton shower, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract: We present an analysis of multiplicity distributions of charged particles produced inZ 0 hadronic decays. The results are based on the analysis of 82941 events collected within 100 MeV of theZ 0 peak energy with the OPAL detector at LEP. The charged particle multiplicity distribution, corrected for initial-state radiation and for detector acceptance and resolution, was found to have a mean 〈n ch〉=21.40±0.02(stat.)±0.43(syst.) and a dispersionD=6.49±0.02(stat.)±0.20(syst.). The shape is well described by the Lognormal and Gamma distributions. A negative binomial parameterisation was found to describe the shape of the multiplicity distribution less well. A comparison with results obtained at lower energies confirms the validity of KNO(-G) scaling up to LEP energies. A separate analysis of events with low sphericity, typically associated with two-jet final states, shows the presence of features expected for models based on a stochastic production mechanism for particles. In all cases, the features observed in the data are well described by the Lund parton shower model JETSET.
Published: 1992

26. A measurement of strange baryon production in hadronic Z0 decays

Author: P. Paschievici, D. Karlen, A. Dieckmann, R. Mir, G. P. Siroli, A. Astbury, R. Van Kooten, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, M. Hansroul, T. W. Pritchard, A. Wagner, John Hill, Silvia Arcelli, B. Boden, D. Menszner, T. Mouthuy, Gideon Bella, G. Vasseur, S. De Jong, J. C. Clayton, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, C. Geich-Gimbel, S. Rossberg, D. J. Miller, R. K. Carnegie, P. S. Wells, P. E.L. Clarke, Terry Richard Wyatt, F. G. Oakham, G. T. Zorn, T. Hilse, L. Levinson, R. J. Homer, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, A. Beck, H. G. Evans, John Hobbs, Tohru Takeshita, M. Fincke-Keeler, M. J. Oreglia, F. C. Grant, T. Wlodek, M. A. Whalley, A. M. Rossi, T. Tsukamoto, P. Schenk, M. J. Goodrick, N. Tesch, A. K. Honma, F. S. Merritt, R. Humbert, C. J. Virtue, Sachio Komamiya, W. Mohr, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, G. N. Patrick, J. Mildenberger, C. Schwick, Richard Keeler, D. Hochman, J. P. Martin, P. Routenburg, O. Ganel, E. Ros, J. P. Walker, K. Runge, M. J. Losty, A. C. Janissen, C. J. Oram, U. Binder, J. M. Roney, J. R. Carter, A. Simon, M. Cooper, A. Rollnik, P. Singh, J. F. Kral, G. Beaudoin, J. A. McKenna, N. Wermes, P. Pfister, B. Poli, R. M. Brown, P. W. Jeffreys, J. Hart, J. Becker, K. J. Anderson, P. Weber, A. J. Martin, Carla Sbarra, X. C. Lou, A. A. Carter, T. P. Kokott, K. Stephens, R. F. McGowan, A. Yeaman, G. E. Richards, C. K. Hargrove, T. Behnke, Misao Sasaki, E. Heflin, J. P. Pansart, A. Michelini, D. A. Hinshaw, C. Markus, Marco Cuffiani, H. O. Ogren, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, D. Lellouch, C. Y. Chang, I. J. Bloodworth, C. Moisan, P. Berlich, B. C. Shen, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, P. M. Watkins, P. Igo-Kemenes, H. Deng, Harold Nguyen, H. Ihssen, P. Bock, V. Gibson, Mitsuaki Nozaki, R. E. Hughes-Jones, J. G. Layter, A. Gaidot, James D Gillies, S. Wotton, Stefan Kluth, D. J.P. Dumas, R. Kowalewski, J. Kroll, P. Le Du, John Baines, S. Schreiber, S. Bethke, J. Schwiening, B. W. Kennedy, Tara Shears, F. X. Gentit, N. I. Geddes, V. H. Winterer, J. E. Conboy, Richard J Hemingway, B. Panzer-Steindel, M. Settles, G. Duckeck, M. Coupland, P. D. Acton, M. Morii, T. Kawamoto, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, H. Mes, O. Runolfsson, P. Lennert, U. Maur, M. Foucher, R. J. Barlow, C. Jui, D. Pitman, Horst Breuker, P. M. Hattersley, P. Poffenberger, S. Orito, C. Wahl, E. do Couto e Silva, P. Mättig, D. R. Ward, P. Teixeira-Dias, M. F. Turner, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, G. W. Wilson, M. Hauschild, I. P. Duerdoth, F. Lamarche, H. M. Bosch, D. C. Imrie, C. Leroy, J. Steuerer, G. G. Hanson, G. Alexander, S. Bougerolle, J. Hagemann, H. Przysiezniak, E. Etzion, B. Lorazo, G. Quast, P. Leblanc, G. Giacomelli, J. Goldberg, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, E.J. Prebys, R. Ströhmer, Claudio Grandi, T. J. Smith, W. J. Collins, S. Dado, N. K. Watson, F. K. Loebinger, G. D. Lafferty, D. Axen, Frans Meijers, J. M. Lorah, A. Jawahery, B. Nellen, D. E. Plane, C. M. Hawkes, Peter Sherwood, W. R. Gibson, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, R. W. Springer, A. M. Lee, Takehiko Mori, J. R. McNutt, K. W. Bell, R. P. Middleton, M. Weber, J. Ludwig, C. P. Howarth, M. W. Redmond, A. Pouladdej, J. Gascon, Alan Watson, P. G. Estabrooks, J. E. Pilcher, G. Mikenberg, G. Maringer, S. Barnett, R. Yaari, S. Tarem, O. Biebel, M. Jimack, N. J. Thackray, John Allison, A. D. Schaile, P. Jovanovic, P. A. Elcombe, R. G. Kellogg, Austin Ball, W. Schappert, F. Odorici, Stefano Marcellini, Alessandro Montanari, James Letts, D. L. Rees, G. J. VanDalen, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, M. Kuwano, G. Transtromer, W. G. Scott, P. F. Harrison, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, M. Yurko, R. Shypit, S. W. Gensler, T. Kobayashi, D. G. Fong, H. von der Schmitt, Phillip Allport, R. Sobie, H. Jeremie, J. W. Gary, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, M. Jobes, P. Kyberd, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Scharff-Hansen, A. M. Smith, Andris Skuja, Tetsuro Mashimo, W. Gorn, G. Yekutieli, M. Rosvick, G. A. Bahan, R. W.L. Jones, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, Michael Dittmar, H. M. Fischer, T. J. McMahon, O. Schaile, M. H. Lehto, E. Duchovni, J. A. Wilson, S. Levegrün, L. Köpke, I. Cohen, M. S. Dixit, J. Banks, G. Azuelos, N. J. Tresilian, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, D. R. Rust, M. Sproston, and P. Taras
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Octet, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Electron–positron annihilation, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, OPAL detector, Baryon, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Diquark, QCD predictions, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Strange baryons, Particle Physics - Experiment, Spin-½
Abstract: The production of the octet and decuplet baryons Λ, Ξ − , Σ (1385) ± , Ξ(1530) 0 and Ω − and the corresponding antibaryons has been measured in a sample of 485 000 hadronic Z 0 decays. Results on differential and integrated cross sections are presented. The differential cross section of Λ baryons is found to be softer than the one predicted by the Jetset and Herwig Monte Carlo generators. The measured decuplet yields are found to disagree with the simple diquark picture where only one tuning parameter for spin 1 diquarks is used. Comparisons of the momentum spectra for Λ and Ξ − with the predictions of an analytical QCD formula are also presented.
Published: 1992

27. A study of two-particle momentum correlations in hadronic Z0 decays

Author: M. Jimack, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, Shlomo Dado, John Allison, H. Jeremie, D. J. Miller, F. Lamarche, R. J. Hemingway, D. E. Klem, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, P. S. Wells, A. A. Carter, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, Terry Richard Wyatt, I. J. Bloodworth, X. C. Lou, R. G. Kellogg, P. Jovanovic, Horst Breuker, Erez Etzion, H. Mes, M. Coupland, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, F. C. Grant, P. G. Estabrooks, D. R. Rust, R. Mir, I. P. Duerdoth, M. A. Whalley, Stefano Marcellini, Gareth J. Barker, M. Settles, B. C. Shen, K. J. Anderson, Gideon Bella, Giora Mikenberg, Shlomit Tarem, P. E.L. Clarke, H. Oh, E. do Couto e Silva, Alessandro Montanari, James Letts, W. J. Collins, K. Stephens, J. Steuerer, A. K. Honma, P. Lennert, H. J. Burckhart, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, S. Rossberg, W. G. Scott, A. Buijs, C. Y. Chang, Jacqueline Batley, C. J. Oram, P. M. Watkins, H. O. Ogren, J. R. McNutt, M. Yurko, P. M. Hattersley, W. R. Gibson, P. Taras, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, T. W. Pritchard, G. W. Wilson, R. P. Middleton, N. I. Geddes, R. Kowalewski, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, D. Karlen, M. Hauschild, Glenn Patrick, P. W. Jeffreys, A. M. Lee, E. Ros, M. J. Oreglia, P. Paschievici, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, M. Hansroul, H. Takeda, M. M. Deninno, J. Goldberg, B. Boden, D. Axen, M. J. Losty, B. Nellen, F. G. Oakham, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, Silvia Arcelli, A. Jawahery, J. Kroll, B. Poli, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, P. Leblanc, J. M. Roney, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, A. Beck, P. F. Harrison, T. J. Smith, J. Hart, F. X. Gentit, E. Heflin, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Richard Keeler, R. Yaari, J. E. Conboy, P. Weber, M. F. Turner, S. Bethke, A. D. Schaile, V. Gibson, Peter Sherwood, J. R. Carter, P. Poffenberger, G. Quast, M. Ogg, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. W. Redmond, Marco Cuffiani, H. G. Evans, J. Banks, J. P. Pansart, P. Mättig, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, J. D. Gillies, A. Rollnik, A. Simon, D. G. Fong, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, N. J. Tresilian, J. G. Layter, John Baines, N. Wermes, A. Pouladdej, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, Tohru Takeshita, V. H. Winterer, T. Mouthuy, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, J. Gascon, C. M. Hawkes, H. von der Schmitt, M. Cooper, P. Singh, Claude Leroy, B. W. Kennedy, Fabrizio Fabbri, M. Couch, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, Daniel Lellouch, J. Hagemann, D. Van den plas, J. Ludwig, R. J. Barlow, D. C. Imrie, K. Runge, P. Bock, Takehiko Mori, S. R. Hou, C. Wahl, A. Astbury, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, Carla Sbarra, F. S. Merritt, H. Ihssen, R. J. Homer, R. Van Kooten, Georges Azuelos, D. Pitman, R. W. L. Jones, D. R. Ward, R. Humbert, M. H. Lehto, G. Transtromer, C. P. Howarth, S. W. Gensler, J. F. Kral, G. P. Siroli, K. W. Bell, P. Le Du, D. A. Hinshaw, Christoph Schwick, S. Wotton, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, Max Weber, C. Fukunaga, B. Panzer-Steindel, O. Ganel, J. E. Pilcher, S. Bougerolle, John Hobbs, Misao Sasaki, J. A. McKenna, A. M. Rossi, F. Odorici, T. Tsukamoto, T. Behnke, Phillip Allport, S. Sanghera, S. Levegrün, H. M. Fischer, R. F. McGowan, A. J. Martin, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, J. W. Gary, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, S. A. Robins, O. Runolfsson, D. Strom, P. Teixeira-Dias, D. E. Plane, G. T. Zorn, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Stephen Hillier, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, G. M. Dallavalle, K. Riles, Andris Skuja, J. P. Martin, T. Kawamoto, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, S. Barnett, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, John Hill, Tetsuro Mashimo, C. K. Hargrove, S. De Jong, S. Orito, Claudio Grandi, M. Rosvick, W. Gorn, Margret Fincke-Keeler, G. A. Bahan, M. Jobes, U. Binder, P. Scharff-Hansen, H. Przysiezniak, P. Pfister, G. G. Hanson, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, G. Giacomelli, N. K. Watson, E.J. Prebys, M. S. Dixit, S. Komamiya, Frans Meijers, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, J. M. Lorah, W. Mohr, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, P. Routenburg, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, P. A. Elcombe, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, G. J. VanDalen, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, W. Schappert, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, and G. Beaudoin
Subjects: Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Logarithm, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Monte Carlo method, Hadron, String (physics), Hadronization, Nuclear physics, Momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Parton shower, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report on a measurement of two-particle momentum correlations in hadronic decays of the Z 0 at LEP. These data are compared with recent analytic QCD calculations based on the summation of leading and next-to-leading logarithms, and with QCD Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the analytic calculations show the same general features as the data, but that the overall level of the correlations is not reproduced, suggesting that higher order or hadronization effects are significant. This contrasts with the success of similar QCD calculations in describing single-particle momentum distributions. QCD Monte Carlo models are found to give a reasonable level of correlation, with parton shower models incorporating string hadronization giving the best description of the data.
Published: 1992

28. A measurement of electron production in hadronicZ 0 decays and a determination of $$\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)$$

Author: A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, M. Couch, M. Hansroul, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, R. Humbert, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, J. Goldberg, Jacqueline Batley, A. Gaidot, B. Nellen, R. J. Homer, P. M. Watkins, P. Leblanc, P. E.L. Clarke, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, W. J. Collins, Randall Sobie, T. Kawamoto, G. D. Lafferty, P. Routenburg, H. G. Evans, T. W. Pritchard, A. Dieckmann, T. Mouthuy, I. Wingerter, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, A. Astbury, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, C. Fukunaga, S. Bougerolle, J. Hart, A. D. Schaile, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, O. Ganel, A. J. Martin, Silvia Arcelli, V. H. Winterer, J. M. Lorah, Sachio Komamiya, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, P. Teixeira-Dias, W. Mohr, A. M. Rossi, S. R. Hou, K. Riles, R. Mir, H. Jeremie, H. Oh, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, D. E. Klem, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, J. von Krogh, W. R. Gibson, C. Ho, B. P. O'Neill, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, C. K. Hargrove, R. Yaari, R. Van Kooten, S. Wotton, P. Singh, Y. Yang, Margret Fincke-Keeler, P. Ashton, N. I. Geddes, A. Beck, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, D. Pitman, P. A. Elcombe, E. Heflin, M. J. Oreglia, Dave Robinson, R. M. Brown, M. I. Losty, Lorne Levinson, P. F. Harrison, R. W. L. Jones, B. Boden, L. A. del Pozo, M. F. Turner, H. Mes, B. Poli, M. H. Lehto, P. Poffenberger, P. Pfister, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, K. Stephens, B. B. Brabson, J. R. McNutt, Horst Breuker, B. W. Kennedy, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, J. R. Carter, P. Le Du, H. Kreutzmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, D. G. Fong, B. C. Shen, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, Erez Etzion, Phillip Allport, G. J. VanDalen, G. N. Patrick, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, I. P. Duerdoth, Gareth J. Barker, V. Gibson, G. Quast, Shlomit Tarem, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, John Baines, D. E. Plane, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, A. K. Honma, A. A. Carter, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, S. A. Robins, R. P. Middleton, D. R. Ward, M. W. Moss, G. Transtromer, W. G. Scott, D. J.P. Dumas, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, J. W. Gary, P. M. Hattersley, S. J. Pawley, Marcello Mannelli, S. Schreiber, Andris Skuja, C. Wahl, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, T. J. McMahon, C. Y. Chang, D. R. Rust, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, John Hobbs, N. Wermes, C. P. Howarth, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, P. Taras, R. Kowalewski, Tetsuro Mashimo, J. A. Wilson, P. Lennert, H. Ihssen, G. Beaudoin, W. Schappert, S. W. Gensler, E. do Conto el Silva, T. Kobayashi, W. Gorn, Shlomo Dado, J. E. Pilcher, H. Takeda, F. Odirici, J. Banks, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, N. K. Watson, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, F. G. Oakham, G. A. Bahan, M. Jobes, U. Binder, Claude Leroy, P. Scharff-Hansen, W. J. Larson, D. C. Imrie, M. Hauschild, F. Lamarche, G. P. Siroli, R. J. Hemingway, J. P. Pansart, X. C. Lou, P. Paschievici, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, Tohru Takeshita, D. Menszner, Alessandro Montanari, Giora Mikenberg, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Georges Azuelos, J. F. Kral, K. J. Anderson, K. W. Bell, J. D. Gillies, P. S. Wells, C. J. Virtue, R. J. Barlow, Max Weber, Terry Richard Wyatt, J. M. Roney, P. Weber, D. J. Miller, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, O. Schaile, M. Coupland, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, N. C. Wood, A. Buijs, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, D. Strom, G. T. Zorn, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, D. A. Hinshaw, T. Behnke, Takehiko Mori, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, A. M. Lee, T. J. Smith, O. Runolfsson, P. Mättig, Claudio Grandi, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, H. Przysiezniak, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, F. S. Merritt, J. A. McKenna, R. F. McGowan, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, M. M. Deninno, J. Kroll, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, M. Ogg, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, A. Pouladdej, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, M. W. Redmond, A. Rollnik, M. Jimack, John Allison, R. G. Kellogg, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, G. G. Hanson, G. Giacomelli, E.J. Prebys, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, J. G. Layter, S. Sanghera, J. P. Martin, S. De Jong, and P. Debu
Subjects: Physics, Quark, Semileptonic decay, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Electron, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Production rate
Abstract: The production rate of electrons with momentump>4 GeV/c and large momentum transverse to the jet containing the electron has been measured in 136000 hadronic decays of theZ 0 recorded with the OPAL detector at LEP in 1990. The dominant source of these electrons is the semileptonic decay of hadrons containingb quarks. If we assume that the semileptonic branching fraction ofb hadrons produced on theZ 0 resonance is the same as the branching fraction measured at the ϒ(4S) resonance, we determine $$\Gamma _{b\bar b} = 394 \pm 13 \pm 32$$ MeV, where the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic. The sensitivity of the result to this assumption is discussed. We have reduced the dependence of our result on the model ofb hadron semileptonic decay by taking into account the correlation between the model dependence of the branching fractions measured at the ϒ(4S) and of our kinematic acceptance for electrons.
Published: 1992

29. Evidence for b-flavoured baryon production in Z0 decays at LEP

Author: J. Allison, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, D. Strom, G. T. Zorn, G. G. Hanson, A. Astbury, C. Y. Chang, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, F. S. Merritt, B. C. Shen, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, H. M. Fischer, J. Hart, P. Taras, O. Ganel, D. C. Imrie, A. M. Lee, Margret Fincke-Keeler, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, J. von Krogh, A. J. Martin, J. A. McKenna, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, G. Giacomelli, R. F. McGowan, R. Kowalewski, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, E.J. Prebys, M. M. Deninno, J. Kroll, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, M. Ogg, P. Ashton, A. Pouladdej, K. Riles, P. Pfister, G. Beaudoin, G. P. Siroli, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, Y. Yang, R. Van Kooten, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, R. Mir, S. A. Robins, D. Pitman, C. K. Hargrove, P. M. Watkins, H. Mes, H. Oh, P. F. Harrison, M. J. Losty, I. P. Duerdoth, M. H. Lehto, J. M. Lorah, Shlomo Dado, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, D. A. Hinshaw, Michael Dittmar, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, D. E. Plane, W. Mohr, G. Yekutieli, J. G. Layter, B. B. Brabson, N. Wermes, D. G. Fong, Ehud Duchovni, M. F. Turner, H. Jeremie, M. Hansroul, P. Poffenberger, T. Mouthuy, Stephen Hillier, M. J. Oreglia, X. C. Lou, G. M. Dallavalle, K. Stephens, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, J. R. McNutt, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, R. Shypit, T. Behnke, A. A. Carter, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, Giora Mikenberg, Erez Etzion, S. Sanghera, J. Gascon, I. Wingerter, R. J. Homer, Tohru Takeshita, H. von der Schmitt, S. J. Pawley, P. Berlich, M. W. Redmond, J. M. Roney, H. Ihssen, D. J.P. Dumas, O. Schaile, John Hobbs, D. Axen, L. Köpke, P. Singh, Silvia Arcelli, A. Gaidot, Georges Azuelos, E. do Couto e Silva, S. W. Gensler, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, P. Weber, M. Sproston, A. M. Rossi, J. P. Martin, P. Teixeira-Dias, S. Schreiber, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, T. J. McMahon, T. Kobayashi, D. E. Klen, Gareth J. Barker, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, M. Couch, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, V. Gibson, R. W. L. Jones, G. Quast, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, Claude Leroy, A. Rollnik, J. F. Kral, P. Routenburg, K. W. Bell, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, A. Dieckmann, P. Bock, J. W. Gary, P. E.L. Clarke, J. P. Pansart, J. Banks, Max Weber, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, Shlomit Tarem, R. Humbert, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, S. De Jong, J. C. Hill, S. Weisz, J. A. Wilson, N. I. Geddes, R. D. Heuer, S. Bougerolle, F. Odorici, J. R. McMahon, Misao Sasaki, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. J. Miller, D. Van den plas, W. Schappert, B. Boden, T. Kawamoto, P. Debu, B. Poli, Horst Breuker, Phillip Allport, P. Le Du, H. Kreutzmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, John Baines, Marcello Mannelli, D. R. Rust, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, P. S. Wells, O. Runolfsson, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, M. Jobes, U. Binder, C. J. Virtue, S. Rossberg, G. D. Lafferty, C. J. Oram, P. Lennert, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, W. R. Gibson, C. Ho, M. Coupland, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, P. Scharff-Hansen, Claudio Grandi, C. Wahl, D. R. Ward, R. Yaari, H. Takeda, A. Beck, G. Transtromer, E. Heflin, S. Bethke, W. J. Larson, R. M. Brown, Marco Cuffiani, Lorne Levinson, R. P. Middleton, M. W. Moss, Jacqueline Batley, F. C. Grant, M. Jimack, B. W. Kennedy, M. A. Whalley, K. J. Anderson, T. R. Wyatt, F. G. Oakham, P. M. Hattersley, R. J. Barlow, H. Przysiezniak, C. P. Howarth, R. G. Kellogg, B. P. O'Neill, S. Wotton, A. M. Smith, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, G. Vasseur, J. Goldberg, A. Buijs, J. E. Pilcher, B. Lorazo, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, Andris Skuja, I. J. Bloodworth, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, Tetsuro Mashimo, M. Settles, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, M. Hauschild, A. D. Schaile, P. Paschievici, N. K. Watson, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, J. D. Gillies, G. A. Bahan, V. H. Winterer, T. J. Smith, P. Mättig, S. R. Hou, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, N. C. Wood, Takehiko Mori, W. Corn, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, Sachio Komamiya, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, C. Fukunaga, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, F. Lamarche, R. J. Hemingway, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, Alessandro Montanari, W. J. Collins, Randall Sobie, T. W. Pritchard, P. A. Elcombe, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, and G. J. VanDalen
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Electron, Nuclear physics, Baryon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment, Boson
Abstract: We observe evidence for the production of b-flavoured baryons in decays of the Z 0 boson with the OPAL detector at LEP. We find 68 Λl − , Λ l + candidates in 458 583 hadronic Z 0 decays. We interpret this as a signal of 55 ± 9 +0.3 −3.1 events from the semi-leptonic decays of b baryons. Assuming weakly decaying b baryons produced in Z 0 decays are mostly Λ b particles, we measure the product branching ratio (Γ b b /Γ had ) f ( b →Λ b ) B (Λ b →Λl − v X ) , averaged over the electron and muon channels, to be (6.2±1.0±1.5)×10 −4 .
Published: 1992

30. Test of CP-invariance in e+e−→Z0→τ+τ− and a limit on the weak dipole moment of the τ lepton

Author: D. J. Miller, B. B. Brabson, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Silvia Arcelli, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, Gideon Bella, H. von der Schmitt, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, P. S. Wells, C. J. Virtue, R. Mir, H. Oh, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, Terry Richard Wyatt, G. Beaudoin, T. Mouthuy, P. Singh, R. W. L. Jones, P. Le Du, H. Kreutzmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, M. Coupland, N. K. Watson, B. P. O'Neill, R. Van Kooten, P. E.L. Clarke, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, M. Hansroul, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, J. W. Gary, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, S. Wotton, P. M. Watkins, Marcello Mannelli, Shlomo Dado, Sachio Komamiya, M. Yurko, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, P. W. Jeffreys, Peter Sherwood, M. J. Oreglia, Phillip Allport, M. Jimack, John Allison, A. Buijs, B. C. Shen, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, R. J. Homer, I. Wingerter, M. W. Moss, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, T. J. Smith, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, U. Biebel, A. M. Rossi, H. Jeremie, Andris Skuja, X. C. Lou, A. M. Lee, P. Mättig, J. Hagemann, S. J. Pawley, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, J. Ludwig, A. K. Honma, A. Astbury, M. M. Deninno, K. Runge, P. Bock, O. Ganel, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, Tetsuro Mashimo, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, Giora Mikenberg, J. Kroll, J. M. Lorah, F. Odorici, R. G. Kellogg, A. J. Martin, W. G. Scott, E. do Couto e Silva, K. Riles, P. M. Hattersley, W. Mohr, I. J. Bloodworth, F. X. Gentit, H. M. Fischer, C. Moisan, J. R. Carter, D. C. Imrie, G. N. Patrick, J. P. Walker, S. Bougerolle, J. E. Conboy, M. Ogg, A. Michelini, M. Settles, C. Fukunaga, A. C. Janissen, R. Kowalewski, Stefano Marcellini, A. Pouladdej, J. Banks, R. Yaari, James Letts, S. Weisz, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, P. Teixeira-Dias, F. Lamarche, A. Simon, S. Bethke, F. S. Merritt, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, Marco Cuffiani, W. Gorn, Horst Breuker, G. P. Siroli, Erez Etzion, G. W. Wilson, Gareth J. Barker, G. A. Bahan, D. Karlen, D. R. Rust, M. Jobes, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, U. Binder, S. A. Robins, M. J. Losty, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, R. J. Hemingway, Claude Leroy, J. Mildenberger, C. Wahl, Harold Nguyen, Gideon Alexander, P. Lennert, J. P. Pansart, D. A. Hinshaw, Shlomit Tarem, A. Gaidot, J. A. McKenna, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Couch, P. Scharff-Hansen, M. Sproston, W. J. Larson, R. F. McGowan, R. Humbert, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, A. M. Smith, A. Dieckmann, John Hobbs, T. Behnke, Margret Fincke-Keeler, C. P. Howarth, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, S. Rossberg, W. R. Gibson, P. Routenberg, C. J. Oram, N. I. Geddes, P. Jovanovic, Tohru Takeshita, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, J. M. Roney, Austin Ball, N. Wermes, P. A. Elcombe, R. P. Middleton, W. J. Collins, T. Kawamoto, C. K. Hangrove, Georges Azuelos, J. E. Pilcher, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, B. Boden, C. Ho, M. W. Redmond, B. Poli, J. Goldberg, D. Strom, P. Weber, G. T. Zorn, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, A. Rollnik, D. Menszner, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, J. F. Kral, B. Nellen, Claudio Grandi, K. W. Bell, S. Orito, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, Max Weber, M. Rosvick, P. Leblanc, G. J. VanDalen, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, A. Beck, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, T. W. Pritchard, I. Cohen, E. Heflin, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, R. M. Brown, Alessandro Montanari, Lorne Levinson, A. D. Schaile, B. W. Kennedy, V. H. Winterer, H. Ihssen, O. Runolfsson, J. D. Gillies, O. Schaile, S. R. Hou, D. E. Plane, R. J. Barlow, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, S. W. Gensler, M. Hauschild, D. J.P. Dumas, T. Kobayashi, P. Paschievici, H. Takeda, F. G. Oakham, J. Hart, J. von Krogh, P. Ashton, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, Y. Yang, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, P. F. Harrison, J. A. Wilson, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, W. Schappert, Michael Dittmar, H. Przysiezniak, G. Yekutieli, A. A. Carter, P. Pfister, K. J. Anderson, C. Y. Chang, P. Taras, D. E. Klem, M. F. Turner, P. Poffenberger, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, K. Stephens, J. R. McNutt, V. Gibson, G. Quast, John Baines, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, G. G. Hanson, G. Giacomelli, E.J. Prebys, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, J. P. Martin, S. De Jong, N. C. Wood, P. Debu, J. G. Layter, and S. Sanghera
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Dipole, Neutral current, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Moment (physics), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Observable, Expectation value, Signature (topology), Lepton
Abstract: Using a sample of 5558 Z 0 → τ + τ − decays produced at LEP a direct test of CP -invariance in the neutral current reaction e + e − → τ + τ − is performed. Samples of events where eachy τ decays into a single particle have been isolated for the construction of CP -odd observables. Three different event classes are considered: lepton-lepton, lepton-hadron, and hadron-hadron. No evidence for a non-zero expectation value of the considered CP -observables and hence for CP -violation is observed. Quantitatively, we deduce from this null result an estimate on the weak dipole moment d τ (m 2 Z = (−4.5 ± 5.3 ± 1.4) × 10 −17 e cm for the lepton-lepton signature and d τ (m 2 Z = (1.4 ± 3.7 ± 1.3) × 10 −17 e cm for the hadron-hadron signature. Combining these results we place a limit with 95% confidence of | d τ |⩽7.0 × 10 −17 e cm.
Published: 1992

31. Measurement of B00 mixing in hadronic Z0 decays

Author: Kiyotomo Kawagoe, O. Ganel, J. Gascon, D. Axen, J. M. Roney, P. Weber, A. Wagner, Andris Skuja, R. P. Middleton, P. Le Du, M. Hauschild, B. Panzer-Steindel, D. E. Plane, Tetsuro Mashimo, J. L. Pinfold, C. Y. Chang, Mitsuaki Nozaki, G. Beaudoin, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, H. Mes, R. Van Kooten, M. H. Lehto, Sachio Komamiya, W. Gorn, Phillip Allport, Tohru Takeshita, P. Poffenberger, A. Astbury, F. K. Loebinger, M. W. Redmond, T. Behnke, R. Mir, H. Oh, R. M. Brown, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, G. J. Barker, G. Yekutieli, D. J.P. Dumas, G. Mikenberg, I. P. Duerdoth, F. S. Merritt, Paolo Capiluppi, G. A. Bahan, G. P. Siroli, J. F. Kral, A. K. Honma, P. R. Hobson, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, G. Vasseur, A. Buijs, M. W. Moss, O. Biebel, P. M. Hattersley, A. Gaidot, N. Wermes, X. C. Lou, E. Etzion, S. J. Pawley, O. Runolfsson, John Hobbs, J. P. Pansart, P. Berlich, Claus Kleinwort, L. Köpke, R. Shypit, D. E. Klem, M. Jobes, U. Binder, G. Alexander, G. Bella, P. E.L. Clarke, R. J. Hemingway, P. Scharff-Hansen, W. J. Larson, C. Ho, C. Geich-Gimbel, Max Weber, M. J. Oreglia, J. Schwiening, P. D. Acton, Claudio Grandi, S. A. Robins, H. Ihssen, N. J. Thackray, K. Stephens, D. A. Hinshaw, H. J. Burckhart, M. Cooper, J. A. McKenna, E. Heflin, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, M. F. Turner, M. Jimack, Jacqueline Batley, J. von Krogh, A. M. Smith, S. W. Gensler, G. Maringer, A. M. Lee, Rene Brun, M. Hansroul, B. W. Kennedy, B. C. Shen, J. M. Lorah, J. Banks, C. Wahl, H. M. Fischer, J. D. Gillies, D. C. Imrie, N. C. Wood, S. Tarem, S. Weisz, B. Lorazo, P. Ashton, Dave Robinson, J. Goldberg, M. Coupland, R. D. Heuer, T. P. Kokott, W. Mohr, C. P. Howarth, J. R. Carter, John Allison, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, R. G. Kellogg, T. J. Smith, L. A. del Pozo, J. E. Pilcher, T. J. McMahon, C. Leroy, Fabrizio Fabbri, R. W.L. Jones, D. Van den plas, V. Gibson, R. J. Homer, M. Rosvick, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, P. A. Elcombe, R. K. Carnegie, G. Azuelos, B. B. Brabson, P. Mättig, D. G. Fong, S. Schreiber, Alessandro Montanari, H. von der Schmitt, G. N. Patrick, T. Kobayashi, J. G. Layter, A. A. Carter, B. Poli, Stefano Marcellini, J. A. Wilson, D. Pitman, R. Kowalewski, P. Debu, John Baines, E. Duchovni, D. R. Rust, B. Nellen, M. Sproston, W. Schappert, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, S. Bethke, G. Quast, Marco Cuffiani, C. M. Hawkes, D. G. Charlton, James Letts, M. Couch, P. Schenk, P. Lennert, J. Hart, O. Schaile, P. Taras, J. W. Gary, C. J. Oram, C. Fukunaga, M. J. Losty, A. J. Martin, C. Moisan, Marcello Mannelli, G. J. VanDalen, D. R. Ward, R. Humbert, P. F. Harrison, K. J. Anderson, Takehiko Mori, Michael Dittmar, S. Sanghera, J. Hagemann, P. S. Wells, C. J. Virtue, N. I. Geddes, P. Pfister, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, Terry Richard Wyatt, P. W. Jeffreys, A. Jawahery, R. Yaari, M. Fincke-Keeler, R. J. Barlow, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, D. J. Miller, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, W. R. Gibson, A. Simon, T. W. Pritchard, Y. Yang, T. Kawamoto, Peter Sherwood, F. Odorici, D. Lellouch, M. Kuwano, R. W. Springer, J. Ludwig, P. Routenburg, S. Orito, A. Dieckmann, K. Runge, P. Bock, F. Lamarche, N. K. Watson, I. Cohen, D. Hochman, B. Boden, M. Yurko, G. Eckerlin, S. De Jong, I. J. Bloodworth, J. P. Walker, P. Teixeira-Dias, T. Mouthuy, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, A. Rollnik, L. Levinson, W. J. Collins, G. D. Lafferty, D. Strom, H. Takeda, G. T. Zorn, F. G. Oakham, R. F. McGowan, P. Paschievici, H. M. Bosch, G. W. Wilson, M. Settles, H. O. Ogren, A. M. Rossi, P. Leblanc, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, M. M. Deninno, J. Kroll, J. P. Martin, T. Tsukamoto, S. Dado, G. G. Hanson, J. E. Conboy, M. Ogg, H. Kreutzmann, A. Pouladdej, A. D. Schaile, G. Giacomelli, V. H. Winterer, S. W. O'Neale, E.J. Prebys, S. R. Hou, D. Karlen, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, Silvia Arcelli, U. Maur, S. Wotton, M. Weymann, H. E. Stier, P. G. Estabrooks, P. M. Watkins, P. Kyberd, I. Wingerter, S. Rossberg, K. W. Bell, P. Igo-Kemenes, A. Beck, R. E. Hughes-Jones, W. G. Scott, K. Riles, H. Jeremie, P. Singh, C. K. Hargrove, B. Holl, S. Levegrün, I. Zacharov, R. Sobie, Horst Breuker, S. Bougerolle, R. K. Keeler, M. J. Goodrick, G. Transtromer, H. Przysieniak, J. R. McNutt, S. L. Lloyd, B. P. O'Neill, and F. X. Gentit
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Electron, Jet (particle physics), Bottom quark, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Mixing (physics), Lepton
Abstract: From a sample of approximately 135 000 hadronic Z0 decays recorded with the OPAL detector, 1 536 events were selected with two lepton candidates, either electrons or muons. A signal for B0 B 0 mixing was observed using the sign of the lepton charge to tag the charge of the b quark in decaying b-flavoured hadrons. A flavour discriminating variable was constructed from the lepton momentum and its component perpendicular to the jet axis. By fitting the fraction of events in which the two lepton charges are of the same sign, as a function of this variable, the average mixing parameter was measured to be χ = 0.145+0.041-0.035 ± 0.018, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic.
Published: 1992

32. An improved measuremebts of αS (MZ0) using energy correlations with the OPAL detector at LEP

Author: H. M. Fischer, P. A. Elcombe, T. Mouthuy, T. J. McMahon, P. Routenburg, M. Cooper, B. Poli, P. Igo-Kemenes, Sachio Komamiya, A. M. Rossi, P. Debu, T. Tsukamoto, A. Michelini, S. Sanghera, J. Schweining, B. C. Shen, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, I. P. Duerdoth, F. Lamarche, R. Yaari, M. F. Turner, Richard Keeler, P. Jovanovic, D. J.P. Dumas, M. Hansroul, H. Ihssen, Austin Ball, D. L. Rees, W. Schappert, H. O. Ogren, O. Biebel, M. Jimack, John Allison, B. P. O'Neill, A. J. Martin, Rene Brun, Alessandro Montanari, M. Coupland, Gideon Bella, G. Vasseur, R. Mir, A. Astbury, P. Berlich, P. Lennert, R. J. Homer, S. Bougerolle, D. R. Rust, M. W. Moss, M. Sproston, G. J. VanDalen, A. D. Schaile, A. M. Lee, P. Poffenberger, J. Kroll, P. M. Hattersley, K. Stephens, U. Binder, H. Oh, R. G. Kellogg, P. Taras, R. M. Brown, S. W. Gensler, G. Maringer, F. X. Gentit, B. Boden, P. Mättig, E. Etzion, B. B. Brabson, N. C. Wood, W. J. Collins, S. De Jong, J. E. Conboy, T. Kobayashi, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, C. Geich-Gimbel, R. E. Hughes-Jones, G. W. Wilson, D. G. Fong, H. von der Schmitt, D. Menszner, D. Axen, Stefano Marcellini, J. P. Walker, A. C. Janissen, D. Karlen, A. Dieckmann, G. J. Barker, R. K. Carnegie, James Letts, M. Fincke-Keeler, G. D. Lafferty, R. Sobie, G. P. Siroli, Phillip Allport, P. Paschievici, M. Kuwano, P. Teixeira-Dias, A. A. Carter, M. Ogg, Tohru Takeshita, N. K. Watson, P. Singh, R. Shypit, G. Transtromer, G. A. Snow, H. E. Stier, R. Van Kooten, O. Schaile, M. H. Lehto, H. M. Bosch, D. C. Imrie, F. Odorici, V. Gibson, J. L. Pinfold, F. S. Merritt, John Baines, A. Rollnik, F. K. Loebinger, K. W. Bell, C. P. Ward, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, A. Beck, D. E. Plane, W. R. Gibson, Stephen Hillier, M. J. Goodrick, H. Takeda, H. Jeremie, J. W. Gary, H. Kreutzmann, Marcello Mannelli, W. G. Scott, J. Becker, K. J. Anderson, P. S. Wells, P. E.L. Clarke, G. M. Dallavalle, K. Runge, J. P. Martin, T. W. Pritchard, H. Przysiezniak, A. Wagner, J. F. Kral, C. J. Virtue, H. Mes, Terry Richard Wyatt, G. Duckeck, Richard J Hemingway, C. J. Oram, J. M. Roney, O. Runolfsson, M. Jobes, F. G. Oakham, E. Duchovni, P. G. Estabrooks, P. Kyberd, C. K. Hargrove, J. A. McKenna, Paolo Capiluppi, M. W. Redmond, P. Pfister, J. C. Hill, D. R. Ward, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, P. Schenk, P. Scharff-Hansen, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, T. P. Kokott, J. Hart, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Claudio Grandi, C. Ho, W. J. Larson, D. Pitman, Misao Sasaki, R. F. McGowan, A. Pouladdej, Marco Cuffiani, J. M. Lorah, M. M. Dennino, G. Mikenberg, D. Lellouch, C. Y. Chang, S. Rossberg, P. Bock, A. Buijs, S. J. Pawley, E. Heflin, G. G. Hanson, J. P. Pansart, M. J. Oreglia, Y. Yang, N. I. Geddes, R. J. Barlow, G. Alexander, B. Holl, P. Weber, S. Levegrün, P. F. Harrison, Claus Kleinwort, L. Köpke, S. Tarem, A. Gaidot, S. R. Hou, D. J. Miller, R. Humbert, G. N. Patrick, W. Mohr, S. Bethke, P. D. Acton, B. W. Kennedy, M. Hauschild, John Hobbs, S. A. Robins, D. Hochman, C. Fukunaga, I. Zacharov, M. J. Losty, G. Giacomelli, Stephen Lloyd, M. Yurko, J. Mildenberger, E.J. Prebys, Horst Breuker, Mitsuaki Nozaki, P. W. Jeffreys, X. C. Lou, A. M. Smith, C. Wahl, T. Behnke, C. Leroy, M. S. Dixit, B. Lorazo, G. Quast, P. Leblanc, S. Dado, J. Banks, G. Azuelos, Frans Meijers, P. Le Du, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, J. R. Carter, B. Panzer-Steindel, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. A. Hinshaw, D. Van den plas, M. Weber, L. Levinson, B. Nellen, J. G. Layter, D. E. Klem, A. K. Honma, D. G. Charlton, O. Ganel, K. Riles, M. Couch, G. Eckerlin, G. Beaudoin, N. J. Thackray, Andris Skuja, Harold Nguyen, J. Ludwig, C. P. Howarth, R. Kowalewski, J. Gascon, J. E. Pilcher, S. Schreiber, T. Kawamoto, S. Orito, V. H. Winterer, Tetsuro Mashimo, P. M. Watkins, W. Gorn, G. Yekutieli, M. Rosvick, G. A. Bahan, I. Wingerter, Silvia Arcelli, S. Wotton, A. Simon, M. Weymann, N. Wermes, A. Jawahery, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, J. R. McNutt, U. Maur, D. Strom, G. T. Zorn, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, R. Ströhmer, J. A. Wilson, I. Cohen, Michael Dittmar, R. W.L. Jones, J. von Krogh, P. Ashton, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, J. Goldberg, T. J. Smith, I. J. Bloodworth, C. Moisan, James D Gillies, M. Settles, J. Hagemann, C. M. Hawkes, Takehiko Mori, and R. P. Middleton
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Electron–positron annihilation, Monte Carlo method, Hadron, Asymmetry, Hadronization, Nuclear physics, Renormalization, Correlation function, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics), Particle Physics - Experiment, media_common
Abstract: We report on an improved measurement of the value of the strong coupling constant σs at the Z0 peak, using the asymmetry of the energy-energy correlation function. The analysis, based on second-order perturbation theory and a data sample of about 145000 multihadronic Z0 decays, yields αs(Mz0 = 0.118±0.001(stat.)±0.003(exp.syst.)−0.004+0.0009 (theor. syst.), where the theoretical systematic error accounts for uncertainties due to hadronization, the choice of the renormalization scale and unknown higher-order terms. We adjust the parameters of a second-order matrix element Monte Carlo followed by string hadronization to best describe the energy correlation and other hadronic Z0 decay data. The αs result obtained from this second-order Monte Carlo is found to be unreliable if values of the renormalization scale smaller than about 0.15 Ecm are used in the generator.
Published: 1992

33. Measurement of three-jet distributions sensitive to the gluon spin ine + e − annihilations at $$\sqrt s = 91$$ GeV

Author: Phillip Allport, P. W. Jeffreys, A. M. Lee, B. C. Shen, J. D. Hobbs, H. E. Stier, D. A. Hinshaw, G. G. Hanson, P. Tarras, H. Mes, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, A. Simon, J. D. Gillies, I. P. Duerdoth, G. Giacomelli, Gideon Alexander, H. Przysiezniak, C. Y. Chang, N. C. Wood, E.J. Prebys, Otmar Biebel, D. G. Charlton, W. G. Scott, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, R. J. Barlow, O. Runolfsson, T. Mouthuy, L. Lessard, F. S. Merritt, Mitsuaki Nozaki, P. M. Watkins, M. Couch, D. J. Miller, Claudio Grandi, R. Humbert, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, R. Kowalewski, Margret Fincke-Keeler, M. Jimack, John Allison, N. Wermes, M. A. Whalley, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, J. T.M. Chrin, L. Janissen, C. Milstene, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, M. J. Losty, P. Singh, S. Schreiber, B. B. Brabson, J. G. Layter, A. M. Rossi, D. G. Fong, T. Kawamoto, J. Gascon, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, I. Wingerter, B. P. O'Neill, F. Lamarche, G. Beaudoin, A. Buijs, A. P. Wagner, T. J. McMahon, R. G. Kellogg, P. Pfister, T. Tsukamoto, J. Hagemann, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, R. W. L. Jones, S. Levegrün, H. M. Fischer, S. Orito, John H. Schwarz, H. von der Schmitt, W. R. Gibson, G. Duckeck, R. Mir, R. J. Hemingway, Silvia Arcelli, A. Michelini, J. M. Roney, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, T. J. Smith, C. Ho, D. Strom, G. T. Zorn, Stefano Marcellini, R. F. McGowan, T. Kobayashi, H. Oh, Shlomo Dado, S. Sanghera, R. K. Carnegie, K. Stephens, C. Fukunaga, P. Jovanovic, J. Goldberg, J. C. Armitage, P. Mättig, H. O. Ogren, J. A. Wilson, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, F. Odorici, S. A. Robins, J. R. McNutt, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, Alessandro Montanari, H. M. Bosch, D. C. Imrie, Tohru Takeshita, M. M. Deninno, M. J. Oreglia, W. Schappert, H. Jeremie, P. Le Du, H. Kreutzmann, A. Beck, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, Marcello Mannelli, M. Jobes, U. Binder, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, E. K. U. Gross, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, P. Scharff-Hansen, Lorne Levinson, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, G. P. Siroli, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, M. J. Goodrick, M. Sproston, B. Panzer-Steindel, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, I. Cohen, J. Hart, V. Gibson, Y. Yang, P. F. Harrison, J. L. Pinfold, G. Eckerlin, Michael Dittmar, W. J. Larson, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, John Baines, B. W. Kennedy, Georges Azuelos, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, J. Kroll, O. Schaile, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, M. Ogg, M. Hansroul, J. R. Carter, K. W. Bell, G. N. Patrick, G. Yekutieli, Gideon Bella, Stephen Lloyd, J. W. Gary, Takehiko Mori, A. D. Schaile, Peter Sherwood, S. Wotton, H. Takeda, Max Weber, K. J. Anderson, J. C. Hill, R. W. Springer, M. Weymann, A. Pouladdej, H. J. Burckhart, D. E. Klem, A. A. Carter, Misao Sasaki, A. M. Smith, Jacqueline Batley, N. I. Geddes, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, G. Vasseur, P. Routenburg, D. R. Ward, F. G. Oakham, P. Bock, Erez Etzion, M. W. Moss, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, B. Lorazo, V. H. Winterer, A. Dieckmann, P. M. Hattersley, S. Bougerolle, Andris Skuja, B. Poli, J. Banks, M. W. Redmond, S. R. Hou, Claude Leroy, Gareth J. Barker, Tetsuro Mashimo, J. P. Martin, R. J. Homer, A. Rollnik, S. De Jong, M. F. Turner, P. Poffenberger, J. P. Pansart, N. K. Watson, J. von Krogh, I. J. Bloodworth, P. A. Elcombe, Shlomit Tarem, C. Wahl, W. J. Collins, Sachio Komamiya, A. T. Watson, S. Weisz, P. Ashton, Dave Robinson, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, C. P. Howarth, W. Gorn, D. E. Plane, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, J. E. Pilcher, M. Settles, G. A. Bahan, Stephen Hillier, R. D. Heuer, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, C. K. Hargrove, T. W. Pritchard, Fabrizio Fabbri, G. M. Dallavalle, P. Teixeira-Dias, S. Rossberg, P. S. Wells, M. Hauschild, C. J. Oram, D. J.P. Dumas, C. J. Virtue, P. Paschievici, Terry Richard Wyatt, D. Van den plas, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, M. Coupland, D. L. Rees, P. Debu, J. Becker, D. R. Rust, R. P. Middleton, G. J. VanDalen, P. Lennert, M. H. Letho, R. Van Kooten, J. M. Lorah, W. Mohr, S. J. Pawley, Claus Kleinwort, L. Köpke, X. C. Lou, P. G. Murphy, Giora Mikenberg, P. E.L. Clarke, T. Behnke, B. Holl, I. Zacharov, Horst Breuker, R. Yaari, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, Gunter Quast, A. Astbury, O. Ganel, A. J. Martin, and K. Riles
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Scalar (mathematics), Elementary particle, Jet (particle physics), Gluon, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Field theory (psychology), Quantum field theory, Engineering (miscellaneous), Spin-½
Abstract: Three-jet variables constructed from multi-hadronic events produced byZ0 decays are compared to theoretical calculations assuming a vector gluon or a hypothetical scalar gluon. The data yield conclusive direct evidence for the former case. The distributions of the reduced energy of the second-most energetic jet and of the cosine of the Ellis-Karliner angle are chosen to demonstrate this effect.
Published: 1991

34. A search for scalar leptoquarks in Z0 decays

Author: H. E. Stier, P. G. Estabrooks, Erez Etzion, Gareth J. Barker, N. I. Geddes, P. Schenk, A. D. Schaile, Shlomit Tarem, P. M. Watkins, H. Mes, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, S. Rossberg, I. P. Duerdoth, V. H. Winterer, Tohru Takeshita, I. Wingerter, O. Schaile, A. P. Wagner, R. P. Middleton, B. Poli, S. R. Hou, J. M. Roney, Georges Azuelos, G. Beaudoin, L. Janissen, D. J. Miller, K. W. Bell, Max Weber, Misao Sasaki, H. O. Ogren, J. Goldberg, B. C. Shen, Shlomo Dado, H. Takeda, M. Hansroul, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, B. Nellen, N. Wermes, C. Milstene, P. Leblanc, F. Odorici, W. G. Scott, P. S. Wells, F. G. Oakham, C. J. Virtue, O. Runolfsson, X. C. Lou, P. G. Murphy, M. M. Deninno, Terry Richard Wyatt, B. Holl, J. Kroll, R. J. Homer, R. Kowalewski, L. Lessard, Andris Skuja, S. W. O'Neale, Ehud Duchovni, M. Coupland, T. J. Smith, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, J. D. Gillies, M. Ogg, M. J. Losty, Peter R Hobson, Giora Mikenberg, Silvia Arcelli, Claudio Grandi, P. Igo-Kemenes, D. C. Imrie, Richard Keeler, P. Mättig, I. Zacharov, C. Y. Chang, M. J. Goodrick, A. Pouladdej, I. Cohen, Tetsuro Mashimo, P. Singh, T. Mouthuy, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, Horst Breuker, R. J. Barlow, G. Maringer, H. Ihssen, H. Jeremie, K. Stephens, C. Fukunaga, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, R. Shypit, Takehiko Mori, G. K. VanDalen, P. W. Jeffreys, R. Van Kooten, F. S. Merritt, J. R. McNutt, G. P. Siroli, J. D. Hobbs, Claude Leroy, C. Wahl, P. Taras, S. W. Gensler, J. P. Pansart, R. W. L. Jones, N. C. Wood, W. Gorn, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, Mitsuaki Nozaki, A. M. Lee, G. G. Hanson, F. Lamarche, D. E. Plane, R. J. Hemingway, Stephen Hillier, P. Le Du, H. Kreutzmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, V. Gibson, M. H. Lehto, M. A. Whalley, G. A. Bahan, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, Gunter Quast, S. Wotton, T. Kobayashi, G. M. Dallavalle, John Baines, Margret Fincke-Keeler, I. J. Bloodworth, C. P. Howarth, P. Jovanovic, E. K. U. Gross, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, N. K. Watson, M. Sproston, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, B. B. Brabson, M. Weymann, A. Buijs, J. E. Pilcher, Austin Ball, G. Giacomelli, J. Hart, E.J. Prebys, A. M. Rossi, D. E. Klem, D. R. Ward, M. Settles, D. Menszner, R. F. McGowan, D. G. Fong, Sachio Komamiya, Jacqueline Batley, B. P. O'Neill, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, P. Pfister, J. L. Pinfold, A. Astbury, J. Gascon, T. Tsukamoto, H. von der Schmitt, Alessandro Montanari, M. W. Moss, O. Ganel, S. Levegrün, H. M. Fischer, A. J. Martin, M. F. Turner, Y. Yang, P. Routenburg, P. M. Hattersley, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, J. Hagemann, J. C. Armitage, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, K. Riles, G. Eckerlin, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, C. J. Oram, W. R. Gibson, P. F. Harrison, S. Bougerolle, W. J. Collins, S. J. Pawley, C. Ho, Marcello Mannelli, A. Michelini, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, C. K. Hargrove, Stephen Lloyd, M. Jobes, U. Binder, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, P. Scharff-Hansen, G. D. Lafferty, A. Dieckmann, Claus Kleinwort, P. A. Elcombe, L. Köpke, W. J. Larson, P. Teixeira-Diaz, H. Przysiezniak, D. R. Rust, M. W. Redmond, J. W. Gary, T. W. Pritchard, J. G. Layter, A. Beck, A. Rollnik, A. M. Smith, P. E.L. Clarke, T. Behnke, E. Heflin, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, P. Lennert, Phillip Allport, R. M. Brown, S. Sanghera, M. Hauschild, S. A. Robins, R. Sobie, M. Jimack, John Allison, J. P. Martin, Gideon Alexander, Lorne Levinson, Paolo Capiluppi, K. J. Anderson, John Hill, P. Paschievici, B. W. Kennedy, S. De Jong, R. G. Kellogg, J. Banks, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, R. Yaari, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, Stefano Marcellini, P. Debu, P R Poffenberger, J. M. Lorah, W. Mohr, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, D. G. Charlton, M. Couch, R. Humbert, G. Duckeck, A. A. Carter, J. T.M. Chrin, D. Strom, G. T. Zorn, H. M. Bosch, T. Kawamoto, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, S. Orito, John H. Schwarz, D. A. Hinshaw, R. Mir, H. Oh, M. J. Oreglia, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, J. von Krogh, P. Ashton, Dave Robinson, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, and W. Schappert
Subjects: Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Scalar (physics), Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Leptoquark, Neutrino, Particle Physics - Experiment, Storage ring, Lepton
Abstract: A search for scalar leptoquarks has been performed with data from the OPAL detector at the e+e− storage ring LEP. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.3 pb−1 no evidence for leptoquark production was observed where the leptoquark decays into a quark and either a charged lepton (e, μ, τ) or a neutrino. An upper limit of 1.7 pb on the production cross section for leptoquarks is obtainedassuming a branching ratio of 50% for the decay of the leptoquark into the channels with a charged lepton. Lower limits on the leptoquark mass between 41.4 and 46.4 GeV/c2 at 95% CL are obtained, depending on the effecte SU(2) × U(1) invariant couplings assigned to the leptoquark.
Published: 1991

35. Measurement of theZ 0 line shape parameters and the electroweak couplings of charged leptons

Author: M. Jimack, John Allison, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, B. Holl, N. C. Wood, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, J. Ludwig, G. J. Van Dalen, K. Runge, P. Bock, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, D. G. Charlton, Takehiko Mori, I. Zacharov, Horst Breuker, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, M. Couch, A. D. Schaile, R. G. Kellogg, C. Y. Chang, P. Taras, Mitsuaki Nozaki, D. A. Hinshaw, R. Humbert, J. T.M. Chrin, Stefano Marcellini, V. H. Winterer, O. Runolfsson, T. Kawamoto, T. J. Smith, S. Orito, S. Bougerolle, P. Mättig, L. Lessard, John H. Schwarz, T. R. Wyatt, Claudio Grandi, S. R. Hou, Gunter Quast, P. Singh, T. Mouthuy, J. M. Lorah, W. Mohr, R. Mir, H. Oh, I. J. Bloodworth, J. G. Layter, S. Sanghera, F. S. Merritt, M. Settles, R. W. L. Jones, G. Beaudoin, M. J. Oreglia, W. J. Collins, G. D. Lafferty, P. Le Du, J. Hart, Y. Yangh, H. Kreutzmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, H. Przysiezniak, A. M. Rossi, K. J. Anderson, A. Astbury, G. Duckeck, D. Karlen, W. R. Gibson, Tohru Takeshita, D. Strom, P. E.L. Clarke, T. Behnke, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, G. Giacomelli, T. Tsukamoto, Shlomo Dado, S. Levegrün, G. T. Zorn, T. W. Pritchard, Georges Azuelos, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, C. Moisan, J. R. Carter, O. Ganel, P. W. Jeffreys, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, G. N. Patrick, K. W. Bell, J. P. Walker, C. Ho, X. C. Lou, Gideon Bella, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, M. W. Redmond, A. M. Lee, P. G. Murphy, A. J. Martin, Max Weber, H. Jeremie, K. Stephens, A. Rollnik, D. E. Klem, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, R. F. McGowan, J. C. Hill, Giora Mikenberg, J. R. McNutt, B. C. Shen, C. Fukunaga, A. Beck, M. A. Whalley, K. Riles, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, R. Van Kooten, E. K. U. Gross, P. Teixeira-Dias, E. Heflin, A. Gaidot, Erez Etzion, M. Kuwano, W. G. Scott, M. Sproston, G. Eckerlin, Gareth J. Barker, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, A. P. Wagner, P. Routenburg, A. Dieckmann, V. Gibson, John Baines, R. Kowalewski, M. J. Losty, M. F. Turner, P. Poffenberger, N. I. Geddes, Shlomit Tarem, P. A. Elcombe, Silvia Arcelli, J. L. Pinfold, A. Buijs, M. H. Lehto, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, J. P. Martin, M. Sasaki, S. De Jong, B. W. Kennedy, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, B. Poli, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, D. R. Ward, P. F. Harrison, Stephen Lloyd, J. M. Roney, R. Yaari, S. Bethke, C. K. Hargrove, M. M. Deninno, H. M. Fischer, P. Debu, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, R. P. Middleton, Marco Cuffiani, J. Kroll, A. Michelini, J. D. Hobbs, F. X. Gentit, N. Wermes, G. G. Hanson, J. E. Conboy, M. Ogg, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, S. A. Robins, D. E. Plane, Stephen Hillier, Michael Dittmar, E.J. Prebys, G. M. Dallavalle, A. Pouladdej, H. Ihssen, B. P. O'Neill, G. Yekutieli, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, J. Hagemann, S. W. Gensler, J. Goldberg, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, O. Schaile, D. C. Imrie, A. A. Carter, M. J. Goodrick, T. Kobayashi, M. Hansroul, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, I. Cohen, S. J. Pawley, Phillip Allport, Claus Kleinwort, L. Köpke, R. J. Homer, S. Wotton, Margret Fincke-Keeler, G. P. Siroli, G. W. Wilson, M. Hauschild, P. S. Wells, D. R. Rust, P. Paschievici, C. J. Virtue, P. Pfister, Gideon Alexander, J. C. Armitage, M. Coupland, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, P. Lennert, S. Schreiber, M. Weymann, T. J. McMahon, Richard Keeler, C. Wahl, C. P. Howarth, J. E. Pilcher, R. K. Carnegie, H. E. Stier, R. Sobie, N. K. Watson, Claude Leroy, M. W. Moss, J. A. Wilson, J. P. Pansart, P. M. Hattersley, Sachio Komamiya, P. G. Estabrooks, W. Schappert, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, J. Banks, P. M. Watkins, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, I. Wingerter, J. von Krogh, P. Ashton, Dave Robinson, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, L. Janissen, C. Milstene, F. Odorici, Andris Skuja, Tetsuro Mashimo, W. Gorn, G. A. Bahan, M. Jobes, U. Binder, P. Scharff-Hansen, W. J. Larson, J. W. Gary, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, B. B. Brabson, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, Marcello Mannelli, H. Takeda, F. G. Oakham, J. D. Gillies, R. J. Barlow, D. J. Miller, F. Lamarche, R. J. Hemingway, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, and Alessandro Montanari
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, Electroweak interaction, Weinberg angle, Standard Model, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Pseudovector, Boson, Lepton
Abstract: We report on an improved measurement of the mass of theZ0 boson, its total width and its partial decay widths into hadrons and leptons, as well as the effective axial vector and vector couplings to charged leptons. These measurements are based on a data set of approximately 160 000 hadronicZ0 decays and 18 000 decays into electrons, muons and taus, recorded by the OPAL experiment at centre of mass energies near the mass of theZ0. The total width and the partial widths to visible final states, derived from the measured cross sections, are used to extract the invisible width. The effective couplings of theZ0 to charged leptons are studied using measurements of the lepton pair cross sections and forward-backward asymmetries at the different centre of mass energy points of theZ0 scan. The implications of our results in the context of the Standard Model are discussed.
Published: 1991

36. A study of - in Z0 decays

Author: Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, M. Jobes, F. Odorici, R. Mir, U. Binder, H. Oh, H. O. Ogren, Michael Dittmar, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, F. S. Merritt, G. Yekutieli, R. F. McGowan, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, Silvia Arcelli, M. M. Deninno, Tohru Takeshita, P. Scharff-Hansen, J. Kroll, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, Paul Kyberd, M. Ogg, R. Shypit, Takehiko Mori, T. Mouthuy, F. K. Loebinger, M. W. Moss, P. Igo-Kemenes, A. Pouladdej, G. Maringer, M. J. Oreglia, H. Jeremie, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, F. Lamarche, R. E. Hughes-Jones, N. C. Wood, U. Maur, W. J. Larson, J. D. Hobbs, Georges Azuelos, P. M. Hattersley, H. Mes, M. W. Redmond, R. J. Hemingway, I. P. Duerdoth, R. Van Kooten, G. G. Hanson, P. Singh, J. W. Gary, A. Rollnik, K. W. Bell, P. Teixeira-Dias, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, A. A. Carter, G. Giacomelli, Max Weber, P. E.L. Clarke, M. Sprotson, J. R. Carter, A. M. Rossi, K. J. Anderson, Misao Sasaki, T. Behnke, R. W. L. Jones, M. H. Lehto, L. Janissen, B. C. Shen, P. Jovanovic, A. M. Smith, G. N. Patrick, E.J. Prebys, Austin Ball, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, T. Tsukamoto, D. E. Klem, S. Levegrün, D. Menszner, R. Sobie, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, S. Wotton, P. Le Du, W. G. Scott, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, G. Beaudoin, M. Jimack, John Allison, H. Kreutzmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, I. J. Bloodworth, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, E. K. U. Gross, A. P. Wagner, Alessandro Montanari, Gunter Quast, M. Weymann, K. Stephens, J. M. Roney, N. I. Geddes, R. Yaari, D. G. Charlton, J. R. McNutt, A. Gaidot, M. Couch, M. F. Turner, M. Kuwano, R. Kowalewski, M. Geerts, J. P. Martin, S. Bethke, B. B. Brabson, Shlomo Dado, C. Fukunaga, R. Humbert, Marco Cuffiani, M. Settles, H. E. Stier, John Hill, B. Poli, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, X. C. Lou, S. De Jong, H. von der Schmitt, S. Schreiber, J. T.M. Chrin, M. J. Losty, G. Duckeck, T. J. McMahon, J. D. Gillies, P. G. Estabrooks, R. G. Kellogg, P. Routenburg, P. G. Murphy, D. Strom, V. Gibson, B. P. O'Neill, J. Hart, H. M. Fischer, T. Kawamoto, A. Michelini, Giora Mikenberg, G. T. Zorn, John Baines, R. J. Barlow, A. Astbury, P. M. Watkins, P. Debu, G. W. Wilson, Marcello Mannelli, R. K. Carnegie, Stefano Marcellini, A. Dieckmann, S. Orito, John H. Schwarz, J. Hagemann, D. Karlen, J. A. Wilson, D. C. Imrie, Y. Yang, C. Y. Chang, M. Fincke-Keeler, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, Andris Skuja, S. A. Robins, I. Wingerter, J. L. Pinfold, O. Ganel, Tetsuro Mashimo, J. G. Layter, P. Taras, A. J. Martin, D. R. Ward, C. J. Oram, P. F. Harrison, Mitsuaki Nozaki, K. Riles, G. P. Siroli, W. Schappert, W. Gorn, J. Mildenberger, S. Bougerolle, G. A. Bahan, W. J. Collins, Harold Nguyen, S. Sanghera, Stephen Lloyd, J. M. Lorah, Erez Etzion, D. E. Plane, G. D. Lafferty, Gareth J. Barker, C. K. Hargrove, B. Holl, D. A. Hinshaw, Shlomit Tarem, W. Mohr, P. Pfister, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, G. Eckerlin, T. J. Smith, Phillip Allport, P. A. Elcombe, S. Rossberg, T. W. Pritchard, H. Takeda, I. Zacharov, J. C. Armitage, R. P. Middleton, F. G. Oakham, Alan Watson, D. L. Rees, D. J.P. Dumas, J. Becker, P. Mättig, S. J. Pawley, Horst Breuker, G. J. VanDalen, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, M. Hansroul, W. R. Gibson, C. Ho, Claus Kleinwort, L. Köpke, R. J. Homer, D. Axen, P. Schenk, A. D. Schaile, A. Beck, A. Jawahery, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, E. Heflin, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, N. Wermes, B. W. Kennedy, Ehud Duchovni, D. R. Rust, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, T. Kobayashi, P. Lennert, J. Banks, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, J. von Krogh, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, P. Ashton, Dave Robinson, Sachio Komamiya, V. H. Winterer, S. R. Hou, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, N. K. Watson, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, M. Hauschild, P. Paschievici, P R Poffenberger, D. J. Miller, H. Przysiezniak, O. Runolfsson, C. Wahl, L. Lessard, Claudio Grandi, P. W. Jeffreys, P. S. Wells, A. M. Lee, C. J. Virtue, C. P. Howarth, Terry Richard Wyatt, J. E. Pilcher, M. Coupland, O. Schaile, M. A. Whalley, A. Buijs, Richard Keeler, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, and C. Milstene
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, Meson, Branching fraction, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Electron–positron annihilation, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Elementary particle, Nuclear physics, Pair production, Pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: In this paper an investigation of the production of D ∗ ± mesons produced in e + e − collisions at energies around the Z 0 pole is presented. Based on 115 D ∗ ± mesons with x D∗  2E D ∗ /E cm > 0.2 the properties of D ∗ mesons produced in the reaction Z 0 → c c are studied. Fixing the yield and the fragmentation function of bottom quarks to the values obtained at LEP using lepton tags, and average energy fraction of the D ∗ ± mesons from primary charmed quarks of 〈x c → D ∗ 〉 = 0.52 ± 0.03 +- 0.01 is found and Γ z 0 →c c = (323 ± 61 ± 35) MeV is determined. The first error is the combined statistical and systematic error from this experiment, and the second the total error from other sources.
Published: 1991

37. A search for multiplicity fluctuations in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions

Author: F. Lamarche, M. Kazuno, Kimio Niwa, N. DiGiacomo, W.E. Sondheim, Vincent Hedberg, Serge Smirnov, S. Di Liberto, Sverker Johansson, Ulf Mjörnmark, R. Heifetz, G. Beaudoin, S. Muraviev, N. Armenise, A.C. Breslin, Motoaki Miyanishi, S. Nilsson, M. Sekimoto, Paolo Giubellino, F. Piuz, Piergiorgio Cerello, P. Yepes, Matthias Neubert, Makoto Kobayashi, H. Beker, Kazuhito Tsukagoshi, D. Bettoni, B. Sellden, H. Shibuya, Gilbert Poulard, M. Clemen, M. Murray, H. Sletten, Y. Sirois, D.H. Davis, H. En'yo, G. London, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, B. Erlandsson, M. Nomura, B. A. Dolgoshein, Ulrich Goerlach, M. Nakamura, M. T. Muciaccia, Y. Umezawa, D. Lissauer, Göran Jarlskog, Franco Meddi, M. A. Mazzoni, R. C. E. Devenish, Francois Corriveau, P. L. McGaughey, J. R. Dodd, H. Tajima, B. V. Jacak, D.N. Tovee, B. Lörstad, M. J. Price, Richard Wigmans, C. Leroy, C.W. Fabjan, H. Kitamura, G. Romano, G. Rosa, A. L. S. Angelis, Y. M. Park, V. Sidorov, Peter Glassel, P. Aubry, N. Ushida, Venetios Polychronakos, I. Stumer, Hans Henrik Thodberg, J. Sunier, G. Baroni, I. Tserruya, H. Atherton, H. Kraner, A. Holscher, R. Haglund, S. Sartori, B. Collick, I. Blevis, M. J. Esten, M. L. McCubbin, K. Dederichs, L. A. Hamel, Yona Oren, L. Ramello, G. Grella, P. Depommier, Odette Benary, S. Nakanishi, E. Mazzucato, J. M. Beaulieu, W. E. Cleland, S. Dell'Uomo, A. Lounis, A. Gaidot, H. W. Van Hecke, A. Marzari-Chiesa, J. A. Thompson, G. Vasseur, H. W. Bartels, Peter Fischer, L. Šándor, K. Hoshino, Shigeki Aoki, J. P. Pansart, Alevtina Shmeleva, Massimo Masera, Jurgen Schukraft, Kazuma Nakazawa, D.C. Rahm, H. J. Specht, S. Dagan, Koichi Kodama, N. A. McCubbin, S. Almehed, S. Simone, Vladimir Tikhomirov, T. Ishigami, L. Olsen, V. Bisi, M. Seman, Y. Kobayashi, A. Drees, V. Kroh, A. Pfeiffer, H. Bøggild, K. Niu, J. Soltani, Rob Veenhof, Z. Fraenkel, and S. Watanabe
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High energy, HELIOS, Ioni ultrarelativistici, Heavy Ion Physics, Particle Physics, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, medicine.anatomical_structure, heavy ions, multiplicity flictuations, medicine, Multiplicity (chemistry), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Nucleus, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for non-statistical fluctuations was performed in 200 GeV per nucleon oxygen and sulphur ion-emulsion interactions selected by a high transverse energy trigger. No clear signal of dynamical correlations or of unusual fluctuations was found.
Published: 1990

38. Inclusive negative particlep ⊥ spectra in p-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at 200 GeV per nucleon

Author: G. Beaudoin, M. L. McCubbin, K. Dederichs, Venetios Polychronakos, S. Di Liberto, A. Drees, E. Mazzucato, J. M. Beaulieu, A. Marzari-Chiesa, F. Gibrat-Debu, N. Di Giacomo, Sverker Johansson, V. Kroh, B. V. Jacak, Paolo Giubellino, V. Bisi, H. Kraner, Ulf Mjörnmark, H. W. Bartels, A. Pfeiffer, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, Franco Meddi, R. Heifetz, Jurgen Schukraft, H. Bøggild, Peter Glassel, P. Aubry, G. Rosa, A. Holscher, B. Sellden, S. Simone, P. Depommier, L. A. Hamel, D.C. Rahm, Peter Fischer, Richard Wigmans, Vladimir Tikhomirov, M. Clemen, S. Nilsson, M. Sekimoto, Hans Henrik Thodberg, H. Beker, Göran Jarlskog, N. A. McCubbin, B. Dogolshein, Vincent Hedberg, D. Bettoni, Odette Benary, C. Leroy, J. Soltani, Serge Smirnov, Massimo Masera, Francois Corriveau, L. Olsen, J. P. Pansart, P. Yepes, A. L. S. Angelis, I. Tserruya, H. J. Specht, H. Atherton, Y. M. Park, V. Sidorov, N. Armenise, P. L. McGaughey, S. Dell'Uomo, J. R. Dodd, R. Haglund, S. Dagan, D. Lissauer, Gilbert Poulard, I. Stumer, H. W. Van Hecke, M. A. Mazzoni, A. Lounis, R. C. E. Devenish, S. Muraviev, W. E. Cleland, M. Murray, Rob Veenhof, Z. Fraenkel, H. Sletten, S. Sunier, G. London, B. Erlandsson, H. En'yo, B. Lörstad, G. Romano, M. Seman, I. Ramello, Matthias Neubert, S. Almehed, B. Collick, I. Blevis, J. A. Thompson, G. Vasseur, Y. Sirois, F. Martelli, V. Tcherniatin, M. J. Esten, A. Gaidot, I. Riccati, Yona Oren, F. Lamarche, M. Prioe, W.E. Sondheim, L. Šándor, Alevtina Shmeleva, C.W. Fabjan, F. Piuz, U. Goerlach, and M. T. Muciaccia
Subjects: heavy ions, HELIOS, pt spectra, Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Heavy Ion Physics, Particle Physics, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, medicine.anatomical_structure, medicine, Rapidity, Constant (mathematics), Nucleon, Engineering (miscellaneous), Nucleus, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The HELIOS experiment has measured inclusivep⊥ spectra of negative particles in the rapidity region 1.0 is found to be approximately constant up to the highest accessible values ofE⊥.
Published: 1990

39. Measurements with photonic events in e+e- collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 130-140 GeV

Author: G. Alexander, J. Allison, N. Altekamp, K. Ametewee, K.J. Anderson, S. Anderson, S. Arcelli, S. Asai, D. Axen, G. Azuelos, A.H. Ball, E. Barberio, R.J. Barlow, R. Bartoldus, J.R. Batley, G. Beaudoin, J. Bechtluft, C. Beeston, T. Behnke, A.N. Bell, K.W. Bell, G. Bella, S. Bentvelsen, P. Berlich, S. Bethke, O. Biebel, V. Blobel, I.J. Bloodworth, J.E. Bloomer, P. Bock, H.M. Bosch, M. Boutemeur, B.T. Bouwens, S. Braibant, R.M. Brown, H.J. Burckhart, C. Burgard, R. Bürgin, P. Capiluppi, R.K. Carnegie, A.A. Carter, J.R. Carter, C.Y. Chang, C. Charlesworth, D.G. Charlton, D. Chrisman, S.L. Chu, P.E.L. Clarke, I. Cohen, J.E. Conboy, O.C. Cooke, M. Cuffiani, S. Dado, C. Dallapiccola, G.M. Dallavalle, C. Darling, S. De Jong, L.A. del Pozo, M.S. Dixit, E. do Couto e Silva, M. Doucet, E. Duchovni, G. Duckeck, I.P. Duerdoth, J.E.G. Edwards, P.G. Estabrooks, H.G. Evans, M. Evans, F. Fabbri, P. Fath, F. Fiedler, M. Fierro, H.M. Fischer, R. Folman, D.G. Fong, M. Foucher, H. Fukui, A. Fürtjes, P. Gagnon, A. Gaidot, J.W. Gary, J. Gascon, S.M. Gascon-Shotkin, N.I. Geddes, C. Geich-Gimbel, S.W. Gensler, F.X. Gentit, T. Geralis, G. Giacomelli, P. Giacomelli, R. Giacomelli, V. Gibson, W.R. Gibson, D.M. Gingrich, J. Goldberg, M.J. Goodrick, W. Gorn, C. Grandi, E. Gross, M. Gruwé, C. Hajdu, G.G. Hanson, M. Hansroul, M. Hapke, C.K. Hargrove, P.A. Hart, C. Hartmann, M. Hauschild, C.M. Hawkes, R. Hawkings, R.J. Hemingway, G. Herten, R.D. Heuer, M.D. Hildreth, J.C. Hill, S.J. Hillier, T. Hilse, P.R. Hobson, R.J. Homer, A.K. Honma, D. Horváth, R. Howard, R.E. Hughes-Jones, D.E. Hutchcroft, P. Igo-Kemenes, D.C. Imrie, M.R. Ingram, A. Jawahery, P.W. Jeffreys, H. Jeremie, M. Jimack, A. Joly, G. Jones, M. Jones, R.W.L. Jones, U. Jost, P. Jovanovic, J. Kanzaki, D. Karlen, T. Kawamoto, R.K. Keeler, R.G. Kellogg, B.W. Kennedy, J. King, J. Kirk, S. Kluth, T. Kobayashi, M. Kobel, D.S. Koetke, T.P. Kokott, S. Komamiya, R. Kowalewski, T. Kress, P. Krieger, J. von Krogh, P. Kyberd, G.D. Lafferty, H. Lafoux, R. Lahmann, W.P. Lai, D. Lanske, J. Lauber, J.G. Layter, A.M. Lee, E. Lefebvre, D. Lellouch, J. Letts, L. Levinson, C. Lewis, S.L. Lloyd, F.K. Loebinger, G.D. Long, B. Lorazo, M.J. Losty, J. Ludwig, A. Luig, A. Malik, M. Mannelli, S. Marcellini, C. Markus, A.J. Martin, J.P. Martin, G. Martinez, T. Mashimo, W. Matthews, P. Mättig, W.J. McDonald, J. McKenna, E.A. Mckigney, T.J. McMahon, A.I. McNab, F. Meijers, S. Menke, F.S. Merritt, H. Mes, J. Meyer, A. Michelini, G. Mikenberg, D.J. Miller, R. Mir, W. Mohr, A. Montanari, T. Mori, M. Morii, U. Müller, B. Nellen, B. Nijjhar, R. Nisius, S.W. O'Neale, F.G. Oakham, F. Odorici, H.O. Ogren, T. Omori, M.J. Oreglia, S. Orito, M. Palazzo, J. Pálinkás, J.P. Pansart, G. Pásztor, J.R. Pater, G.N. Patrick, M.J. Pearce, S. Petzold, J.E. Pilcher, J. Pinfold, D.E. Plane, P. Poffenberger, B. Poli, A. Posthaus, H. Przysiezniak, D.L. Rees, D. Rigby, M.G. Rison, S.A. Robins, N. Rodning, J.M. Roney, A. Rooke, E. Ros, A.M. Rossi, M. Rosvick, P. Routenburg, Y. Rozen, K. Runge, O. Runolfsson, D.R. Rust, R. Rylko, E.K.G. Sarkisyan, M. Sasaki, C. Sbarra, A.D. Schaile, O. Schaile, F. Scharf, P. Scharff-Hansen, P. Schenk, B. Schmitt, M. Schröder, H.C. Schultz-Coulon, M. Schulz, P. Schütz, J. Schwiening, W.G. Scott, T.G. Shears, B.C. Shen, C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, P. Sherwood, G.P. Siroli, A. Sittler, A. Skillman, A. Skuja, A.M. Smith, T.J. Smith, G.A. Snow, R. Sobie, S. Söldner-Rembold, R.W. Springer, M. Sproston, A. Stahl, M. Starks, K. Stephens, J. Steuerer, B. Stockhausen, D. Strom, F. Strumia, P. Szymanski, R. Tafirout, H. Takeda, P. Taras, S. Tarem, M. Tecchio, N. Tesch, M. Thiergen, M.A. Thomson, E. von Törne, S. Towers, M. Tscheulin, E. Tsur, A.S. Turcot, M.F. Turner-Watson, P. Utzat, R. Van Kooten, G. Vasseur, M. Verzocchi, P. Vikas, M. Vincter, E.H. Vokurka, F. Wäckerle, A. Wagner, C.P. Ward, D.R. Ward, J.J. Ward, P.M. Watkins, A.T. Watson, N.K. Watson, P. Weber, P.S. Wells, N. Wermes, J.S. White, B. Wilkens, G.W. Wilson, J.A. Wilson, T. Wlodek, G. Wolf, S. Wotton, T.R. Wyatt, S. Xella, S. Yamashita, G. Yekutieli, K. Yoshimura, and V. Zacek
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Mass distribution, business.industry, Electron–positron annihilation, Resonance, law.invention, Standard Model, Nuclear physics, law, Excited state, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Photonics, business, Collider, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Cross-sections and angular distributions for the production of events with single and multiple photons are measured from data recorded with the OPAL detector at the recently upgraded LEP collider. The measured cross-sections are generally consistent with Standard Model expectations for the e + e − → ν v γ(γ) and e+e− → γγ(γ) processes. Six events with an acoplanar photon pair and large missing mass are found. The observed number of events is larger than expected from e + e − → ν ν γγ ; however, the missing mass distribution is compatible with the Z0 resonance. Deviations from QED are constrained by the data on e+e− → γγ(γ). Lower limits are set at 95% confidence level on the QED cut-off parameters Λ+ and Λ− of 152 GeV and 142 GeV, respectively, and also on the mass of an excited electron of 147 GeV.
Published: 1996

40. Search for rare hadronic B decays

Author: Gideon Bella, D. Rigby, R. J. Hemingway, C. M. Hawkes, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, B. W. Kennedy, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, Peter Krieger, Manuella Vincter, Alessandro Montanari, Daniel Lellouch, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, Takehiko Mori, James Pinfold, Margret Fincke-Keeler, R. Mir, J. Lauber, H. Takeda, J. C. Clayton, F. G. Oakham, P. E.L. Clarke, U. C. Dunwoody, M. K. Jones, E. L. Barberio, P. Poffenberger, Peter Fischer, D. G. Fong, J. Steuerer, H. M. Fischer, P. Igo-Kemenes, M. Hauschild, H. Jeremie, J. Gascon, J. Hart, C. Dallapiccola, J. P. Martin, Xinchou Lou, F. S. Merritt, Silvia Arcelli, A. Michelini, John Allison, P. Schütz, J. D. Gillies, S. De Jong, C. Markus, R. E. Hughes-Jones, M. Yurko, U. Maur, Erez Etzion, R. J. Barlow, P. S. Wells, P. W. Jeffreys, P. Pfister, H. von der Schmitt, Terry Richard Wyatt, M. J. Oreglia, Stefan Kluth, N. K. Watson, C. Y. Chang, A. Höcker, Shlomit Tarem, E. do Couto e Silva, M. Coupland, W. R. Gibson, D. Axen, Tara Shears, D. R. Rust, R. G. Kellogg, S. A. Robins, S. Rossberg, P. Bright-Thomas, Michael Kobel, Tohru Takeshita, T. Behnke, E. Lefebvre, C. J. Oram, F. Odorici, J. R. Carter, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, Richard Keeler, Peter Sherwood, D. S. Koetke, J. A. McKenna, G. N. Patrick, A. M. Lee, Stefano Marcellini, Otmar Biebel, P. A. Hart, R. P. Middleton, J. J. Ward, A. I. McNab, Marcello Fanti, H. Lafoux, I. J. Bloodworth, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, Georges Azuelos, Barry King, Randall Sobie, Michael Schulz, G. D. Lafferty, J. Goldberg, K. W. Bell, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, James Letts, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, B. Nellen, T. J. McMahon, R. Howard, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, M. J. Pearce, H. Deng, R. Humbert, A. Jawahery, Marco Cuffiani, P. Leblanc, K. Runge, P. Bock, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, A. Yeaman, P. D. Grannis, T. W. Pritchard, P. Le Du, B. Fabbro, R. Bartoldus, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, W. Mohr, A. Beck, T. Kobayashi, J. Mildenberger, Gregor Herten, H. G. Evans, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, B. C. Shen, S. L. Chu, M. Settles, Siegfried Bethke, A. K. Honma, B. Nijjhar, W. G. Scott, Gordon H. Hanson, A. Posthaus, B. Wilkens, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, Yoram Rozen, M. Foucher, Norbert Wermes, P. Gagnon, Sherry Towers, Theodoros Geralis, E. Ros, E. Heflin, G. Giacomelli, Guenter Duckeck, T. Kawamoto, R. Ströhmer, C. Stegmann, H. Przysiezniak, H. Fukui, F. Liu, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, S. G. Clowes, A. Astbury, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, J. W. Gary, J. Schwiening, D. M. Gingrich, J. M. Roney, P. Berlich, M. Fierro, S. W. O'Neale, Gunter Wolf, K. J. Anderson, R. Kowalewski, M. J. Losty, M. W. Redmond, A. Skillman, M. A. Thomson, P. Schenk, Paolo Giacomelli, U. Müller, M. Hansroul, J. E. Pilcher, T. Hilse, Carla Sbarra, G. T. Zorn, A. J. Martin, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, G. W. Wilson, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, O. Runolfsson, V. H. Winterer, Lorne Levinson, A. M. Rossi, D. Karlen, M. S. Dixit, S. Wotton, R. K. Carnegie, E. K. U. Gross, A. Gaidot, D. Hochman, Madjid Boutemeur, Frans Meijers, R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, B. Stockhausen, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, P. D. Phillips, C. Burgard, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, C. Beeston, Claudio Grandi, K. Stephens, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, D. J. Miller, P. G. Estabrooks, S. Komamiya, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, N. I. Geddes, J. R. McNutt, R.J. Akers, R. J. Homer, J. G. Layter, D. A. Hinshaw, J. A. Wilson, G. P. Siroli, C. K. Hargrove, R. Giacomelli, C. Charlesworth, Z. Li, J. King, Matthias Schröder, Christoph Schwick, P. Szymanski, B. Poli, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, A. Fürtjes, T. Tsukamoto, N. Tesch, C. Darling, T. J. Smith, M. F. Turner-Watson, M. Morii, C. Moisan, V. Gibson, P. A. Elcombe, P. M. Watkins, Peter R Hobson, P. Scharff-Hansen, C. Jui, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Stan Bentvelsen, Achim Stahl, O. Schaile, P. Routenburg, P. Teixeira-Dias, P. Mättig, Shoji Asai, P. Weber, D. R. Ward, B. Schmitt, A. M. Smith, J. Becker, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, Andris Skuja, F. Scharf, G. D. Long, Tetsuro Mashimo, A. D. Schaile, W. Gorn, J. von Krogh, D. E. Plane, Dave Robinson, P. Bentkowski, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, G. M. Dallavalle, A. A. Carter, Ron Folman, Roger Jones, M. G. Rison, Alan Watson, G. Beaudoin, Shlomo Dado, Giora Mikenberg, S. Braibant, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. L. Rees, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, Ehud Duchovni, M. Jimack, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, and Robert M Brown
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Neutral current, Meson, Branching fraction, Hadron, Analytical chemistry, Invariant mass, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for rare decays of B hadrons has been performed using approximately two million hadronic Z 0 decays collected by the OPAL experiment between 1990 and 1993. The exclusive decay channels B d 0 → π + π − , B d 0 → K + π − , B s 0 → π + K − and B s 0 → K + K − have been studied. Such decays include contributions from flavour changing neutral current processes such as hadronic penguin decays. No significant excess of events has been observed in the π + π − , π + K − and K + K − invariant mass distributions. Consequently, upper limits on the B d 0 branching ratios, Br(B d 0 → π + π − ) −5 and Br(B d 0 →K + π − ) −5 , and on the B s 0 branching ratios, Br(B s 0 → π + K − ) −4 and Br(B s 0 →K + K − ) −4 , have been set at the 90% confidence level. These limits assume that the ratio of the partial decay widths of the Z 0 , λ (Z 0 → bb)/λ(Z 0 → hadrons), is 0.217 and that the fractions of B d 0 and B s 0 mesons produced during fragmentation are 39.5% and 12% respectively. The B s 0 branching ratio limits are the first such limits obtained.
Published: 1994

41. Search for the minimal Standard Model Higgs boson

Author: J. R. McNutt, Mark Oreglia, A. Astbury, S. L. Chu, P. Scharff-Hansen, U. Müller, John Allison, V. Gibson, G. Quast, A. J. Martin, R. Bartoldus, R. J. Hemingway, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, R. G. Kellogg, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, D. R. Ward, H. O. Ogren, D. J. Miller, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, Andris Skuja, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, D. S. Koetke, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, R. Lahmann, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, G. D. Long, Randall Sobie, Michael Schulz, G. D. Lafferty, J. Goldberg, Manuella Vincter, Alessandro Montanari, B. Nellen, Margret Fincke-Keeler, R. Ströhmer, Takehiko Mori, C. Sbarra, T. Moshimo, Michael Dittmar, D. C. Imrie, G. Yekutieli, A. A. Carter, Ron Folman, Roger Jones, M. G. Rison, C. K. Hargrove, G. Beaudoin, A. Jawahery, P. Leblanc, A. Yeaman, P. E.L. Clarke, M. K. Jones, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, P. S. Wells, Silvia Arcelli, W. Gorn, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, P. Pfister, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, T. W. Pritchard, J. P. Martin, Xinchou Lou, J. Kroll, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, H. G. Evans, S. Komamiya, J. Hart, C. Dallapiccola, Matthias Schröder, M. J. Goodrick, P. Igo-Kemenes, E. Lefebvre, H. Deng, R. Humbert, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, Z. Li, S. Barnett, H. Jeremie, F. X. Gentit, J. D. Gillies, D. Axen, Peter Sherwood, Alexander Wagner, J. Steuerer, Shlomo Dado, M. Coupland, I. Cohen, J. E. Conboy, S. De Jong, M. Morii, Peter R Hobson, D. Hochman, R. E. Hughes-Jones, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, U. Maur, F. Odorici, F. C. Grant, G. P. Siroli, J. King, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, J. Hagemann, Guenter Duckeck, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, Giora Mikenberg, Gregor Herten, James Pinfold, J. Mildenberger, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, A. Fürtjes, Harold Nguyen, D. A. Hinshaw, C. Wahl, P. Routenburg, Theodoros Geralis, E. Ros, R. J. Barlow, H. von der Schmitt, Norbert Wermes, Sherry Towers, T. Kawamoto, C. Darling, T. J. Smith, R. W. Springer, R. Yaari, Michael Kobel, Gordon H. Hanson, P. A. Elcombe, P. Le Du, B. Fabbro, B. Wilkens, Christoph Schwick, J. W. Gary, Marco Cuffiani, E. do Couto e Silva, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, S. Orito, T. Behnke, G. T. Zorn, M. W. Redmond, Erez Etzion, H. Lafoux, G. Giacomelli, C. Stegmann, M. Rosvick, Paolo Giacomelli, M. Hansroul, H. Mes, R. Mir, P. Mättig, Stefan Kluth, J. E. Pilcher, H. Fukui, A. Syoosi, I. P. Duerdoth, Tara Shears, Shlomit Tarem, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, I. J. Bloodworth, D. L. Rees, A. M. Rossi, P. Bright-Thomas, S. Rossberg, J. Lauber, J. C. Clayton, M. Settles, V. H. Winterer, F. S. Merritt, C. J. Oram, P. Poffenberger, P. A. Hart, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, H. Takeda, D. M. Gingrich, M. Foucher, R. P. Middleton, J. J. Ward, F. G. Oakham, R. J. Homer, J. G. Layter, R.J. Akers, Gunter Wolf, Georges Azuelos, J. M. Roney, T. R. Wyatt, M. J. Pearce, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, P. Schütz, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, N. I. Geddes, Richard Keeler, Madjid Boutemeur, J. A. McKenna, O. Schaile, P. G. Estabrooks, T. Kobayashi, B. Boden, C. Charlesworth, J. Becker, S. Wotton, B. Poli, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, K. W. Bell, T. Hilse, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, P. M. Watkins, O. Runolfsson, P. Berlich, H. M. Fischer, M. Hauschild, F. Scharf, A. Michelini, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, B. Schmitt, C. Beeston, G. J. VanDalen, S. A. Robins, J. C. Hill, P. M. Hattersley, Misao Sasaki, Claudio Grandi, B. C. Shen, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, R. Howard, D. R. Rust, Claude Leroy, Siegfried Bethke, J. P. Pansart, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, P. Weber, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, R. Kowalewski, C. Jui, A. M. Lee, N. K. Watson, M. J. Losty, A. D. Schaile, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, W. Mohr, N. J. Tresilian, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, A. Skillman, M. A. Thomson, A. Gaidot, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, T. Tsukamoto, N. Tesch, W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, P. F. Harrison, E. Heflin, Stephen Lloyd, Lorne Levinson, M. Tecchio, Robert M Brown, B. W. Kennedy, Ehud Duchovni, E. Torrente-Lujan, M. Jimack, H. Ihssen, D. E. Plane, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, P. Bentkowski, G. M. Dallavalle, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, and K. Stephens
Subjects: Physics, Semileptonic decay, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Elementary particle, Standard Model, Nuclear physics, Minimal model, Particle mass, Higgs boson, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for the Minimal Standard Model Higgs boson (H0) has been performed with data from e+e− collisions collected by the OPAL detector at LEP. The search was made for events of the types e+e−→(e+e−,μ+μ− or νν)H0, H0→qq and was based on approximately 78 pb−1 of data taken at center-of-mass energies between 88 and 95 GeV in the years 1990–1993. The present study, combined with previous OPAL publications, excludes the existence of a Minimal Standard Model Higgs boson with mass below 56.9 GeV at the 95% confidence level.
Published: 1994

42. Measurement of the Production Rates of Charged Hadrons in $e^{+}e^{-}$ Annihilation at the $Z^{0}$

Author: H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, R. Kowalewski, F. C. Grant, D. E. Plane, R.J. Akers, Erez Etzion, Stefan Kluth, A. Astbury, P. Bentkowski, Shlomit Tarem, Margret Fincke-Keeler, B. C. Shen, S. Rossberg, U. Müller, C. J. Oram, G. M. Dallavalle, N. K. Watson, A. J. Martin, Gunter Wolf, S. Wotton, P. Poffenberger, R. P. Middleton, A. Buijs, R. Mir, O. Schaile, D. A. Hinshaw, Gideon Alexander, Alan Watson, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, J. Goldberg, J. Hart, C. Dallapiccola, B. Nellen, D. J.P. Dumas, P. Leblanc, Siegfried Bethke, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, Paolo Capiluppi, H. G. Evans, P. Schütz, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, Silvia Arcelli, C. K. Hargrove, W. Mohr, P. Pfister, H. Fukui, J. D. Gillies, P. Igo-Kemenes, T. Behnke, H. Jeremie, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, T. J. McMahon, P. A. Elcombe, M. J. Losty, J. Schwiening, Tara Shears, M. J. Oreglia, R. K. Carnegie, E. do Couto e Silva, R. J. Barlow, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, J. A. Wilson, P. E.L. Clarke, P. A. Hart, G. Beaudoin, M. K. Jones, E. Lefebvre, M. Hauschild, C. Markus, J. Steuerer, M. J. Pearce, D. J. Miller, F. Odorici, Richard Keeler, Michael Kobel, P. Paschievici, Ehud Duchovni, J. Becker, John Allison, Paolo Giacomelli, W. R. Gibson, F. S. Merritt, M. Jimack, P. Le Du, B. Fabbro, H. Ihssen, R. Ströhmer, H. Lafoux, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, M. Hansroul, A. Beck, E. Heflin, J. M. Roney, S. W. Gensler, Matthias Schröder, T. Hilse, J. P. Martin, O. Runolfsson, S. De Jong, G. T. Zorn, R. M. Brown, R. Howard, Claude Leroy, F. Scharf, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, G. J. VanDalen, J. von Krogh, J. P. Pansart, Madjid Boutemeur, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, Lorne Levinson, R. J. Homer, Georges Azuelos, H. M. Bosch, Gideon Bella, Gregor Herten, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. Skillman, M. A. Thomson, Dave Robinson, P. G. Estabrooks, C. Wahl, K. W. Bell, B. Wilkens, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, Z. Li, Otmar Biebel, H. J. Burckhart, G. E. Richards, N. J. Tresilian, Jacqueline Batley, P. M. Hattersley, Shlomo Dado, C. Beeston, R. D. Heuer, L. A. del Pozo, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, C. Sbarra, A. Syoosi, A. Gaidot, P. S. Wells, J. C. Hill, J. E. Pilcher, Misao Sasaki, Fabrizio Fabbri, S. W. O'Neale, Claudio Grandi, D. Axen, C. Moisan, A. Jawahery, K. J. Anderson, D. Van den plas, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, Michael Dittmar, Terry Richard Wyatt, H. Deng, R. Humbert, R. G. Kellogg, R. Yaari, G. Yekutieli, G. A. Beck, P. M. Watkins, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, Peter Sherwood, D. S. Koetke, M. Coupland, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, N. Tesch, Marco Cuffiani, A. A. Carter, Ron Folman, Roger Jones, J. Lauber, Xinchou Lou, J. Hagemann, D. R. Rust, Giora Mikenberg, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, M. Morii, Norbert Wermes, Takehiko Mori, Sherry Towers, T. Kawamoto, B. Schmitt, Stefano Marcellini, S. L. Chu, Peter R Hobson, M. G. Rison, James Letts, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, A. M. Lee, H. Takeda, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, I. J. Bloodworth, J. A. McKenna, H. Przysiezniak, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, M. Settles, F. G. Oakham, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, P. Routenburg, D. L. Rees, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, M. H. Lehto, M. Fierro, M. Yurko, M. Foucher, P. W. Jeffreys, G. Giacomelli, Sachio Komamiya, A. D. Schaile, D. M. Gingrich, P. Berlich, P. Schenk, Theodoros Geralis, E. Ros, G. W. Wilson, P. Bright-Thomas, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, M. S. Dixit, J. J. Ward, Frans Meijers, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, R. J. Hemingway, P. Weber, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, R. Bartoldus, J. G. Layter, C. Darling, P. Jovanovic, C. Charlesworth, T. J. Smith, Austin Ball, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, Gordon H. Hanson, P. Mättig, Manuella Vincter, Alessandro Montanari, R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, C. Jui, M. W. Redmond, J. Kroll, G. P. Siroli, J. King, F. X. Gentit, A. Yeaman, Christoph Schwick, J. E. Conboy, A. Fürtjes, V. H. Winterer, P. Scharff-Hansen, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, Randall Sobie, Michael Schulz, G. D. Lafferty, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, T. W. Pritchard, Guenter Duckeck, James Pinfold, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, J. W. Gary, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Andris Skuja, G. D. Long, Tetsuro Mashimo, W. Gorn, N. I. Geddes, B. Boden, B. Poli, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, S. A. Robins, K. Stephens, P. F. Harrison, J. R. McNutt, M. Tecchio, A. M. Rossi, V. Gibson, G. Quast, T. Tsukamoto, D. R. Ward, J. C. Clayton, S. L. Loloyd, S. Barnett, and D. Hochman
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Annihilation, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Meson, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Monte Carlo method, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment, Bar (unit)
Abstract: The inclusive production rates of π±,K± andp$\bar p$ inZ0 decays have been measured with the OPAL detector at LEP. Using the energy loss measurement in the jet chamber, the momentum range up to the beam energy (45.6 GeV/c) has been covered. Differential cross sections and total particle yields are given. Comparisons of the inclusive momentum spectra and the total rates with predictions of the JETSET and the HERWIG Monte Carlo model are presented. The total single rates are found to be 17.05±0.43 π±, 2.42±0.13K± and 0.92±0.11p$\bar p$ per hadronic event. Predictions of JETSET for cross sections and total rates agree very well for π±; however, for momenta greater than 4 GeV/c,K± rates are underestimated and$\bar p$ rates are overestimated. Combined with data of other particle species there is evidence that the peak positions in the ξ=ln(1/x p ) distributions show a different mass dependence for mesons and baryons. However, both JETSET and HERWIG Monte Carlo predictions agree with the observed data.
Published: 1994

43. Studies of charged particle multiplicity in b quark events

Author: D. E. Plane, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, Sachio Komamiya, E. Ros, P. Bentkowski, G. M. Dallavalle, H. Deng, R. Humbert, H. M. Fischer, Tara Shears, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, Jacqueline Batley, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, Norbert Wermes, Sherry Towers, T. Kawamoto, J. Goldberg, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, B. Nellen, S. Orito, P. Igo-Kemenes, H. Jeremie, A. Jawahery, P. Leblanc, M. Rosvick, J. Hart, Andris Skuja, S. A. Robins, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, Gregor Herten, C. Wahl, K. Stephens, B. Wilkens, Tetsuro Mashimo, H. G. Evans, J. D. Gillies, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, A. Astbury, E. do Couto e Silva, J. Steuerer, Ehud Duchovni, M. J. Goodrick, Margret Fincke-Keeler, I. Cohen, J. R. McNutt, P. Pfister, M. Hansroul, A. Yeaman, J. E. Pilcher, U. Müller, A. J. Martin, D. M. Gingrich, R. J. Barlow, Madjid Boutemeur, M. Jimack, H. Ihssen, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, D. J. Miller, C. Sbarra, F. C. Grant, D. A. Hinshaw, W. Gorn, R. J. Homer, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, N. K. Watson, V. H. Winterer, V. Gibson, G. Quast, F. S. Merritt, H. Mes, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, M. A. Whalley, John Baines, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, R. Mir, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, P. Berlich, B. Schmitt, R.J. Akers, S. W. Gensler, R. Yaari, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, N. I. Geddes, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, B. Fabbro, J. A. McKenna, O. Schaile, I. P. Duerdoth, T. Behnke, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, C. K. Hargrove, Matthias Schröder, A. Buijs, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, P. Weber, A. A. Carter, Roger Jones, R. Van Kooten, B. Panzer-Steindel, P. G. Estabrooks, M. G. Rison, Erez Etzion, B. Boden, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, J. Banks, N. J. Tresilian, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, H. Lafoux, B. Poli, D. Van den plas, M. J. Oreglia, S. L. Chu, S. Barnett, P. M. Watkins, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, M. Morii, D. Hochman, R. Bartoldus, James Pinfold, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, H. Przysiezniak, D. G. Fong, C. Jui, J. von Krogh, M. Fierro, D. R. Rust, Peter R Hobson, M. Yurko, P. Routenburg, J. Gascon, J. Kroll, R. Lahmann, R. P. Middleton, J. M. Lorah, H. von der Schmitt, John Hobbs, W. Mohr, J. C. Clayton, P. W. Jeffreys, D. C. Imrie, M. Jones, M. Hauschild, Richard Keeler, F. X. Gentit, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, J. R. Carter, R. Kowalewski, J. E. Conboy, G. N. Patrick, A. M. Lee, Dave Robinson, Gunter Wolf, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, Gordon H. Hanson, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, P. Bright-Thomas, J. W. Gary, L. A. del Pozo, A. M. Rossi, Silvia Arcelli, T. Tsukamoto, T. J. McMahon, G. T. Zorn, M. W. Redmond, S. Wotton, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, G. P. Siroli, J. King, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, P. Scharff-Hansen, Christoph Schwick, Claude Leroy, J. Lauber, John Allison, J. P. Pansart, A. Skillman, M. A. Thomson, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, E. Lefebvre, J. A. Wilson, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, F. Odorici, R. G. Kellogg, T. Hilse, W. Schappert, D. S. Koetke, O. Runolfsson, A. M. Smith, D. Axen, Stefano Marcellini, P. S. Wells, G. Vasseur, C. Beeston, B. Lorazo, A. Gaidot, J. M. Roney, James Letts, Claudio Grandi, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, H. Takeda, Terry Richard Wyatt, T. Wlodek, F. G. Oakham, Peter Sherwood, M. Sproston, M. Coupland, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, P. F. Harrison, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, G. J. Van Dalen, P. M. Hattersley, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, K. Runge, P. Bock, Robert M Brown, T. W. Pritchard, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, P. A. Elcombe, R. J. Hemingway, P. Jovanovic, J. Becker, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, F. Scharf, Alessandro Montanari, W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, E. Heflin, Lorne Levinson, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, P. Poffenberger, G. Beaudoin, Shlomo Dado, X. C. Lou, Giora Mikenberg, B. C. Shen, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. L. Rees, M. J. Losty, Tohru Takeshita, Georges Azuelos, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, Max Weber, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, T. J. Smith, P. Mättig, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, M. Foucher, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, P. E.L. Clarke, J. P. Martin, S. De Jong, J. G. Layter, G. Giacomelli, A. D. Schaile, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, and Frans Meijers
Subjects: Systematic error, Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, Elementary particle, Lambda, Bottom quark, Charged particle, Vertex (geometry), Nuclear physics, Multiplicity (chemistry), Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Using the distance from the average primary vertex to reconstructed secondary vertices in jets, samples of events withb purity varying from about 13% to 89% have been selected. The charged particle multiplicity in the hemispheres opposite those containing these jets has been studied as a function of theb purity of the events. Extrapolating to 0% and 100%b purity, values of the hemisphere charged particle multiplicity inZ0→$b\bar b$ events and in non-$b\bar b$ events have been measured to be $$\begin{gathered} \bar n_b = 11.71 \pm 0.03 \pm 0.18 \pm 0.21, \hfill \\ \bar n_{udsc} = 10.32 \pm 0.01 \pm 0.07 \pm 0.19. \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ The first error is statistical, the second systematic and the third is a common systematic error.
Published: 1993

44. A measurement of the average lifetime of b-flavoured baryons

Author: F. S. Merritt, R. J. Hemingway, D. Pitman, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, N. I. Geddes, R. G. Kellog, Matthias Schröder, J. A. McKenna, B. Boden, B. Poli, Alessandro Montanari, H. Lafoux, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, G. Yekutieli, Richard Keeler, M. Yurko, M. Rosvick, J. R. McNutt, H. M. Fischer, P. A. Elcombe, J. Banks, A. Michelini, P. Poffenberger, R. Lahmann, S. L. Chu, G. P. Siroli, T. J. McMahon, J. King, D. Axen, J. Hagemann, Silvia Arcelli, N. J. Tresilian, R. D. Heuer, A. D. Schaile, Fabrizio Fabbri, A. C. Janissen, J. Schwiening, J. M. Roney, R. K. Carnegie, J. Becker, P. M. Hattersley, S. A. Robins, P. W. Jeffreys, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, J. P. Pansart, Gordon H. Hanson, P. Pfister, F. C. Grant, J. A. Wilson, F. Scharf, M. Hauschild, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, G. J. VanDalen, M. A. Whalley, M. Fincke-Keeler, John Hobbs, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, M. W. Redmond, C. Markus, W. Schappert, D. E. Plane, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, P. Weber, D. Van den plas, C. Stegmann, A. Wagner, R. Bartoldus, H. O. Ogren, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, C. Burgard, P. Igo-Kemenes, A. Skillman, R. Sobie, A. Gaidot, M. Sproston, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, P. Bentkowski, G. M. Dallavalle, M. A. Thomson, R. Kowalewski, J. Hart, D. R. Rust, B. C. Shen, H. Jeremie, A. Astbury, John Allison, C. Schwick, Andris Skuja, R.J. Akers, H. Deng, R. Humbert, R. E. Hughes-Jones, C. J. Oram, S. Tarem, J. Kroll, M. Morii, P. Paschievici, Peter R Hobson, D. J.P. Dumas, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, J. von Krogh, M. Hansroul, U. Maur, Madjid Boutemeur, P. S. Wells, U. Müller, M. Jones, Terry Richard Wyatt, O. Schaile, A. M. Lee, T. Hilse, Gideon Alexander, E. Lefebvre, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, Sachio Komamiya, Dave Robinson, Paolo Capiluppi, P. E.L. Clarke, A. J. Martin, J. D. Gillies, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, O. Runolfsson, M. Coupland, P. G. Estabrooks, D. S. Koetke, W. R. Gibson, L. A. del Pozo, F. Odorici, S. Bethke, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, B. Fabbro, C. Sbarra, C. Beeston, Norbert Wermes, B. Panzer-Steindel, R. J. Homer, C. Leroy, Tetsuro Mashimo, E. do Couto e Silva, P. M. Watkins, E. Duchovni, C. K. Hargrove, J. M. Lorah, Marco Cuffiani, Stefano Marcellini, Michael Dittmar, M. H. Lehto, T. Kawamoto, S. Barnett, A. M. Rossi, Claudio Grandi, S. Towers, James Letts, T. Tsukamoto, W. G. Scott, G. Mikenberg, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, W. Mohr, R. J. Barlow, A. Beck, T. G. Shears, P. F. Harrison, S. Orito, Gideon Bella, S. De Jong, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, Achim Stahl, E. Heflin, R. Mir, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, Erez Etzion, A. A. Carter, Stephen Lloyd, Roger Jones, P. Teixeira-Dias, M. Tecchio, Stefan Kluth, D. J. Miller, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, R. Van Kooten, G. Azuelos, M. Jimack, P. Berlich, H. Ihssen, G. Quast, J. C. Clayton, R. M. Brown, J. Steuerer, A. Yeaman, M. J. Oreglia, Gregor Herten, S. W. Gensler, B. Schmitt, S. J. Hillier, M. G. Rison, N. K. Watson, C. Wahl, G. Transtromer, B. W. Kennedy, E. Torrente-Lujan, L. Levinson, A. Rollnik, B. Wilkens, R. Giacomelli, D. Lellouch, T. Kobayashi, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, W. Gorn, K. Stephens, J. E. Pilcher, D. Hochman, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, M. J. Losty, D. C. Imrie, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, V. Gibson, John Baines, S. Rossberg, T. Wlodek, Tohru Takeshita, T. Behnke, J. G. Layter, D. R. Ward, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, Max Weber, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, R. P. Middleton, P. Scharff-Hansen, D. A. Hinshaw, J. Goldberg, G. Wolf, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, G. Giacomelli, P. Schenk, A. M. Smith, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, J. Pinfold, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, A. Jawahery, S. Wotton, J. W. Gary, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, G. Beaudoin, P. Routenburg, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, G. T. Zorn, H. M. Bosch, D. M. Gingrich, C. M. Hawkes, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, M. Cooper, Shlomo Dado, Takehiko Mori, X. C. Lou, P. Bright-Thomas, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, R. Yaari, D. L. Rees, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, M. Foucher, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, A. K. Honma, T. J. Smith, P. Mättig, V. H. Winterer, G. D. Lafferty, T. W. Pritchard, C. Jui, J. Lauber, H. Takeda, and F. G. Oakham
Subjects: Physics, Decay length, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, Detector, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, OPAL detector, Elementary particle, Monte Carlo event samples, Bottom quark, lcsh:QC1-999, Vertex (geometry), Baryon, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment, lcsh:Physics, Lepton
Abstract: The average lifetime of baryons containing a b quark has been measured with the OPAL detector using data collected between 1990 and 1992. Semileptonically decaying b-flavoured baryons which produce a Λ are identified through the charge correlation of the λ and lepton. The decay point of the baryon is estimated by the λ-lepton vertex, and the observed distribution of decay lengths is fitted to determine the average lifetime. In the data sample consisting of 261 right-sign and 104 wrong-sign λ-lepton charge combinations, the average b baryon lifetime is found to be τ = 1.05 +0.23 -0.20 ±0.08 ps, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic.
Published: 1993

45. Transverse energy measurements in proton-nucleus interactions at high energy

Author: M. T. Muciaccia, H. Beker, S. Almehed, W.E. Sondheim, B. Lörstad, G. Romano, L. Riccati, J. A. Thompson, G. Vasseur, I. Tserruya, F. Piuz, H. Atherton, R. Haglund, Francois Corriveau, Paolo Giubellino, Jurgen Schukraft, H. J. Specht, G. London, P. L. McGaughey, J. R. Dodd, C. Leroy, M. Murray, H. Sletten, D.C. Rahm, M. Clemen, M. J. Price, A. L. S. Angelis, M. Stern, P. Depommier, Ulrich Goerlach, Y. M. Park, V. Sidorov, S. Simone, K. Dederichs, F. Gibrat-Debu, Matthias Neubert, Göran Jarlskog, Franco Meddi, I. Stumer, Torsten Paul Ake Åkesson, Odette Benary, J. Sunier, Massimo Masera, H. En'yo, Venetios Polychronakos, Y. Sirois, S. Dell'Uomo, H. W. Bartel, M. A. Mazzoni, G. Beaudoin, N. A. McCubbin, B. Erlandson, D. Lissauer, A. Lounis, R. C. E. Devenish, Peter Glassel, P. Aubry, W. E. Cleland, A. Holscher, Hans Henrik Thodberg, L. A. Hamel, B. Sellden, S. Dagan, V. Tcherniatin, Richard Wigmans, G. Rosa, H. Kraner, M. J. Esten, A. Drees, S. Muraviev, V. Kroh, E. Mazzucato, J. M. Beaulieu, M. Seman, B. A. Dolgoshein, A. Pfeiffer, H. Bøggild, S. DiLiberto, F. Martelli, L. Ramello, Vladimir Tikhomirov, P. Yepes, Gilbert Poulard, L. Olsen, B. Collick, I. Blevis, H. W. Van Hecke, N. DiGiacomo, Vincent Hedberg, D. Bettoni, Serge Smirnov, Sverker Johansson, Ulf Mjörnmark, R. Heifetz, B. V. Jacak, V. Bisi, S. Nilsson, M. Sekimoto, J. P. Pansart, F. Lamarche, A. Gaidot, A. Marzari-Chiesa, Peter Fischer, Rob Veenhof, Z. Fraenkel, C.W. Fabjan, Yona Oren, L. Šándor, Alevtina Shmeleva, Institut de Recherches Subatomiques (IReS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Heyd, Yvette
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Mass number, Physics, [PHYS.HEXP] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], quark-gluon plasma, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Scattering, nucleon-nucleus, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Transverse plane, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Pseudorapidity, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The results of two sets of transverse energy measurements, performed with incident proton beams of 200 and 450 GeV/c momentum on several nuclear targets, are presented. The transverse energy cross sections dσ/dET are measured in a pseudorapidity range including the target fragmentation region (−0.1
Published: 1993

46. A study of K$^{0}_{s}K^{0}_{s}$ Bose-Einstein correlations in hadronic $Z^{0}$ decays

Author: James Pinfold, A. D. Schaile, D. G. Fong, T. Mouthuy, J. Gascon, Silvia Arcelli, Tohru Takeshita, H. von der Schmitt, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, F. S. Merritt, S. Schreiber, J. Kroll, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, A. Pouladdej, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, F. G. Oakham, J. A. McKenna, M. H. Lehto, P. S. Wells, Georges Azuelos, R. F. McGowan, P. E.L. Clarke, T. J. McMahon, P. Igo-Kemenes, V. H. Winterer, F. Lamarche, Terry Richard Wyatt, P. Singh, J. Schwiening, R. J. Hemingway, S. Bougerolle, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, G. Maringer, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, H. Jeremie, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, Max Weber, A. M. Rossi, P. Jovanovic, T. G. Shears, M. Coupland, J. C. Hill, R. Lahmann, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, F. C. Grant, Misao Sasaki, R. W. L. Jones, D. C. Imrie, W. Schappert, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, K. Stephens, J. W. Gary, M. A. Whalley, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, J. Steuerer, J. M. Roney, Alessandro Montanari, B. C. Shen, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, B. Panzer-Steindel, E. do Couto e Silva, W. J. Collins, A. Buijs, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. M. Strom, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, A. K. Honma, G. P. Siroli, J. R. McNutt, M. Jobes, D. L. Rees, P. Taras, J. Hart, P. Berlich, Mitsuaki Nozaki, N. I. Geddes, W. G. Scott, Christoph Schwick, U. Binder, L. Köpke, R. Mir, J. D. Gillies, Gideon Bella, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, T. W. Pritchard, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, B. Boden, G. Beaudoin, Michael Dittmar, P. Scharff-Hansen, A. Gaidot, G. Yekutieli, R. Kowalewski, R. J. Barlow, H. Mes, B. Poli, D. J. Miller, R. Yaari, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Hansroul, P. M. Watkins, I. P. Duerdoth, S. Bethke, A. A. Carter, Marco Cuffiani, M. Sproston, Shlomo Dado, P. Poffenberger, O. Schaile, M. J. Losty, M. W. Redmond, D. E. Plane, J. Banks, H. M. Fischer, Stephen Hillier, A. Michelini, X. C. Lou, A. C. Janissen, N. J. Tresilian, P. Routenburg, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, P. Bentkowski, A. Rollnik, S. Weisz, V. Gibson, R. D. Heuer, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, G. M. Dallavalle, G. Quast, C. Jui, R. J. Homer, Fabrizio Fabbri, Giora Mikenberg, D. Van den plas, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, John Baines, H. Przysiezniak, P. M. Hattersley, P. A. Elcombe, J. von Krogh, D. R. Rust, John Hobbs, Dave Robinson, Margret Fincke-Keeler, T. Hilse, Horst Breuker, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, A. M. Smith, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, L. A. del Pozo, D. A. Hinshaw, D. J.P. Dumas, O. Runolfsson, M. Jimack, John Allison, J. Becker, M. J. Oreglia, D. R. Ward, Claude Leroy, M. Hauschild, G. Transtromer, G. J. VanDalen, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, P. Weber, G. Vasseur, Claudio Grandi, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, J. P. Pansart, W. R. Gibson, P. Pfister, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, A. M. Lee, A. Astbury, R. G. Kellogg, M. Morii, D. S. Koetke, B. Lorazo, O. Ganel, Stefano Marcellini, J. C. Clayton, T. Behnke, Peter R Hobson, P. Bright-Thomas, A. J. Martin, A. Beck, James Letts, M. A. Thomson, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Andris Skuja, Lorne Levinson, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, Phillip Allport, F. Odorici, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, A. Simon, B. W. Kennedy, Otmar Biebel, E. Torrente-Lujan, Sachio Komamiya, C. Wahl, C. K. Hargrove, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, P. Teixeira-Dias, J. M. Lorah, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, Tetsuro Mashimo, H. Deng, J. E. Pilcher, R. Humbert, W. Mohr, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, B. Schmitt, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, G. T. Zorn, Norbert Wermes, T. Kawamoto, Gideon Alexander, W. Gorn, H. M. Bosch, G. A. Bahan, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, A. Yeaman, Peter Sherwood, N. K. Watson, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, P. F. Harrison, K. Runge, P. Bock, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, S. Barnett, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, M. Foucher, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, T. J. Smith, P. Mättig, J. G. Layter, J. P. Martin, S. De Jong, Erez Etzion, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, R. P. Middleton, J. Goldberg, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, G. G. Hanson, H. G. Evans, G. Giacomelli, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, E.J. Prebys, M. S. Dixit, S. Wotton, and Frans Meijers
Subjects: Hadronic decay, Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Hadron, Four-momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Bose–Einstein correlations, Radius, Scalar meson, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Bose-Einstein correlations in K0SK0S pairs have been studied for the first time in e+e− annihilations. These correlations were measured through the quantity Q, the four momentum difference of the pair. Out of about half a million Z0 hadronic decay events a total of about 6000 events with two or more identified K0S mesons were used for the analysis We observe a threshold enhancement in K0SK0S pairs originating from a mixed sample of K0 K 0 and K0K0 ( K 0 K 0 ) pairs. Although we can not presently exclude that a part of this effect is due to scalar meson decays, our analysis attributes the enhancement to Bose-Einstein correlations. We find the values for the strength of the effect and the radius of the K0S emitting source to be λ = 1.12 ± 0.33 ± 0.29 and R0 = (0.72 ± 0.17 ± 0.19) fm, respectively, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic.
Published: 1992

47. Evidence for the existence of the strange b-flavoured meson $B^{0}_{s}$ in $Z^{0}$ decays

Author: Margret Fincke-Keeler, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, J. P. Martin, F. S. Merritt, J. Goldberg, K. Stephens, Peter Sherwood, J. R. McNutt, J. C. Clayton, S. De Jong, B. Nellen, V. Gibson, G. Quast, John Baines, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, P. Leblanc, K. Runge, P. Bock, P. Pfister, P. F. Harrison, H. G. Evans, T. G. Shears, J. A. McKenna, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, A. Buijs, A. Yeaman, M. Tecchio, R. F. McGowan, I. J. Bloodworth, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, W. R. Gibson, A. D. Schaile, Tohru Takeshita, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, Erez Etzion, F. Lamarche, Phillip Allport, Stefan Kluth, Jacqueline Batley, N. K. Watson, P. M. Watkins, P. Berlich, Shlomit Tarem, J. M. Roney, M. Settles, S. Barnett, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, L. Köpke, H. Mes, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, A. Beck, V. H. Winterer, D. Strom, I. P. Duerdoth, E. Heflin, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, Georges Azuelos, M. Foucher, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, P. Weber, R. P. Middleton, R. J. Hemingway, H. Deng, R. Humbert, R. M. Brown, P. Teixeira-Dias, D. R. Rust, Lorne Levinson, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, P. Lennert, J. Kroll, P. Poffenberger, Silvia Arcelli, B. W. Kennedy, F. X. Gentit, Max Weber, A. Gaidot, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, P. Jovanovic, M. Kuwano, J. E. Conboy, T. Wlodek, D. G. Fong, P. Singh, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, W. J. Collins, M. Sproston, T. Kawamoto, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, A. Pouladdej, B. C. Shen, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, R. W. L. Jones, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, D. E. Plane, R. Mir, Sachio Komamiya, P. Routenburg, A. K. Honma, Alessandro Montanari, W. G. Scott, Stephen Hillier, P. Le Du, T. W. Pritchard, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, J. W. Gary, J. Hart, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, G. M. Dallavalle, R. Kowalewski, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, M. J. Oreglia, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, M. Hauschild, A. Astbury, M. Jobes, H. Jeremie, J. D. Gillies, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, U. Binder, P. A. Elcombe, C. Markus, J. Banks, M. Hansroul, E. do Couto e Silva, P. Scharff-Hansen, M. J. Losty, P. Paschievici, J. R. Carter, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, G. N. Patrick, O. Ganel, N. J. Tresilian, S. Wotton, R. J. Barlow, A. J. Martin, S. Weisz, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, G. Beaudoin, D. J.P. Dumas, R. D. Heuer, R. J. Homer, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Fabrizio Fabbri, John Hobbs, Daniel Lellouch, Shlomo Dado, A. M. Smith, P. E.L. Clarke, J. Steuerer, D. Van den plas, D. A. Hinshaw, G. Vasseur, X. C. Lou, M. F. Turner, Takehiko Mori, B. Lorazo, G. G. Hanson, D. L. Rees, R. Yaari, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, J. Becker, C. Jui, G. Giacomelli, C. Wahl, C. K. Hargrove, G. J. VanDalen, J. von Krogh, D. C. Imrie, E.J. Prebys, C. P. Howarth, T. Behnke, N. Wermes, J. E. Pilcher, G. P. Siroli, M. S. Dixit, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, Frans Meijers, H. Ihssen, C. Y. Chang, Christoph Schwick, Dave Robinson, P. Taras, Mitsuaki Nozaki, S. W. Gensler, M. Morii, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, L. A. del Pozo, Andris Skuja, J. M. Lorah, Tetsuro Mashimo, J. G. Layter, W. Gorn, W. Mohr, T. J. Smith, G. A. Bahan, Michael Dittmar, Horst Breuker, P. M. Hattersley, G. Yekutieli, P. Mättig, D. J. Miller, F. G. Oakham, A. A. Carter, F. Odorici, O. Schaile, M. Yurko, P. S. Wells, G. Duckeck, P. W. Jeffreys, R. Ströhmer, A. M. Lee, Terry Richard Wyatt, G. T. Zorn, M. Coupland, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, W. Schappert, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, M. W. Redmond, H. Przysiezniak, A. Rollnik, N. I. Geddes, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, B. Boden, B. Poli, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, T. Hilse, O. Runolfsson, M. Jimack, John Allison, T. Mouthuy, Claudio Grandi, S. Bougerolle, Giora Mikenberg, R. G. Kellogg, A. M. Rossi, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, and K. J. Anderson
Subjects: Quark, Semileptonic decay, Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Particle Physics - Experiment, Conjugate
Abstract: We present evidence for the existence of the strange b-flavoured meson Bs0 in a data sample of 470 628 hadronic Z0 decays recorded with the OPAL detector at LEP. A signal of 18.3±5.2 (stat.)±0.9(syst.) D s − l + pairs (or charge conjugate, l = e or l = μ ) is found after background subtraction, where the Ds meson is detected in the oπ and K∗0 K final states. Interpreting this signal as coming from the semileptonic decay B s 0 → D s − l + v X and combining t he two decay modes of the Ds, we find f ( b →B s 0 )B( B s 0 → D s − l + v X )B D s − →φ π − ) = [3.9±1.1 ( stat. )±0.8( syst. )]×10 −4 , where f ( b →B s 0 ) is the fraction of b quarks that results in a B0s meson in Z0 decays. This signal for the Bs0 is supported by our observation of an excess of 147 ± 48 inclusive Ds mesons in the φπ and K∗0K modes above the number expected from B0 and B+ decays and from the fragmentation of primary c quarks. In addition, a search is made for the exclusive decay Bs0→J/ψφ. Based on one candidate event the 90% confidence level upper limit is determined to be f ( b → B s 0 ) B ( B s 0 → J /ψφ) .
Published: 1992

48. A measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry in hadronic decays of the $Z^{0}$

Author: W. J. Collins, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, P. Singh, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, Silvia Arcelli, R. W. L. Jones, T. W. Pritchard, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, P. Le Du, Peter Sherwood, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, B. Panzer-Steindel, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, M. H. Lehto, J. Goldberg, P. Teixeira-Dias, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, M. F. Turner, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, P. Poffenberger, M. W. Redmond, A. Rollnik, R. Mir, H. Przysiezniak, J. M. Roney, Tara Shears, J. P. Martin, John Hill, S. De Jong, Sachio Komamiya, P. Berlich, H. G. Evans, P. Weber, L. Köpke, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, P. Igo-Kemenes, B. C. Shen, F. S. Merritt, E. Ros, D. R. Rust, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, G. Maringer, M. Hansroul, H. Jeremie, P. Lennert, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, Horst Breuker, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, A. D. Schaile, M. J. Oreglia, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, J. A. McKenna, V. H. Winterer, Takehiko Mori, A. K. Honma, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, O. Schaile, E. do Couto e Silva, D. A. Hinshaw, G. G. Hanson, N. I. Geddes, R. J. Homer, Margret Fincke-Keeler, R. F. McGowan, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, W. G. Scott, P. M. Hattersley, R. Kowalewski, B. Boden, F. Odorici, M. Jimack, S. Bougerolle, J. Hart, P. F. Harrison, T. Hilse, O. Runolfsson, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, P. Pfister, B. Poli, P. G. Estabrooks, S. Wotton, G. Giacomelli, E.J. Prebys, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, J. D. Gillies, G. E. Richards, John Allison, M. Hauschild, M. J. Losty, Claudio Grandi, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, T. Behnke, P. M. Watkins, J. W. Gary, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, P. D. Acton, M. Yurko, Stephen Lloyd, H. M. Fischer, C. Markus, H. Deng, R. Humbert, P. W. Jeffreys, A. Yeaman, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, J. Kroll, R. G. Kellogg, A. M. Lee, N. K. Watson, P. Paschievici, S. Barnett, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, D. C. Imrie, W. R. Gibson, F. X. Gentit, R. J. Barlow, J. Banks, C. Jui, N. J. Tresilian, J. E. Conboy, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, Andris Skuja, M. Tecchio, G. P. Siroli, Christoph Schwick, Erez Etzion, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, T. Kawamoto, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, A. Pouladdej, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, A. Astbury, J. G. Layter, Tetsuro Mashimo, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, A. Beck, S. Orito, Tohru Takeshita, O. Ganel, E. Heflin, A. J. Martin, M. Rosvick, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, C. Wahl, T. Mouthuy, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, Georges Azuelos, W. Gorn, R. M. Brown, F. G. Oakham, S. W. O'Neale, C. P. Howarth, Peter R Hobson, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, Lorne Levinson, R. P. Middleton, J. E. Pilcher, G. T. Zorn, N. Wermes, Ehud Duchovni, B. W. Kennedy, G. A. Bahan, C. K. Hargrove, F. Lamarche, R. Shypit, T. J. Smith, Max Weber, M. Jobes, U. Binder, R. J. Hemingway, A. M. Rossi, Misao Sasaki, P. Scharff-Hansen, G. Beaudoin, J. C. Clayton, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, P. Mättig, Alessandro Montanari, Shlomo Dado, D. E. Plane, A. M. Smith, Stephen Hillier, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, H. Ihssen, X. C. Lou, I. J. Bloodworth, G. M. Dallavalle, Giora Mikenberg, Alan Watson, S. W. Gensler, D. J.P. Dumas, T. Kobayashi, M. Settles, M. Foucher, C. J. Virtue, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, Phillip Allport, M. Morri, K. Stephens, J. R. McNutt, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, V. Gibson, G. Quast, John Baines, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, D. J. Miller, S. Schreiber, P. S. Wells, T. J. McMahon, Terry Richard Wyatt, M. Coupland, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, Richard Keeler, J. A. Wilson, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, W. Schappert, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, A. A. Carter, John Hobbs, P. E.L. Clarke, J. Steuerer, R. Yaari, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, P. A. Elcombe, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, G. J. VanDalen, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, P. Routenburg, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, J. M. Lorah, W. Mohr, K. J. Anderson, C. Y. Chang, P. Taras, and Mitsuaki Nozaki
Subjects: Physics, Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, Charge (physics), Weinberg angle, Asymmetry, Standard Model, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment, media_common, Lepton
Abstract: We present a measurement of the forward-backward charge asymmetry in hadronic decays of the Z0 using data collected with the OPAL detector at LEP. The forward-backward charge asymmetry was measured using a weight function method which gave the number of forward events on a statistical basis. In a data sample of 448 942 hadronic Z0 decays, we have observed a charge asymmetry of Ah = 0.040±0.004 (stat.)±0.006 (syst.)±0.002 (B0 B 0 mix.), taking into account the effect of B0 B 0 mixing. In the framework of the standard model, this asymmetry corresponds to an effective weak mixing angle averaged over five quark flavours of sin 2 θ W = 0.2321 ± 0.0017 ( stat. ) ± 0.0027 ( syst. ) ± 0.0009 (B0 B 0 mix.). The result agrees with the value obtained from the Z0 line shape and lepton pair forward-backward asymmetry.
Published: 1992

49. A test of higher order electroweak theory in $Z^{0}$ decays to two leptons with an associated pair of charged particles

Author: J. Hart, B. C. Shen, M. F. Turner, A. K. Honma, J. D. Gillies, P. Poffenberger, H. Przysiezniak, W. G. Scott, M. Jimack, Gideon Bella, S. Barnett, D. R. Rust, John Allison, H. J. Burckhart, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, R. Kowalewski, Andris Skuja, Tetsuro Mashimo, Jacqueline Batley, G. Beaudoin, W. Gorn, G. A. Bahan, R. Mir, H. Oh, P. Lennert, R. J. Barlow, M. J. Losty, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, K. Stephens, R. G. Kellogg, H. Jeremie, J. R. McNutt, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, G. G. Hanson, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, O. Runolfsson, Shlomo Dado, Stefano Marcellini, D. E. Klem, F. Lamarche, R. J. Hemingway, M. J. Oreglia, James Letts, G. Giacomelli, P. G. Estabrooks, E. do Couto e Silva, M. Hauschild, V. Gibson, Tohru Takeshita, E.J. Prebys, J. von Krogh, Phillip Allport, G. Quast, D. E. Plane, X. C. Lou, Paul Kyberd, John Baines, F. K. Loebinger, R. Van Kooten, D. Pitman, John Hobbs, P. Jovanovic, M. H. Lehto, Stephen Hillier, Claudio Grandi, M. Yurko, P. Singh, G. M. Dallavalle, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, M. W. Redmond, S. W. O'Neale, Giora Mikenberg, A. Astbury, P. Paschievici, P. M. Watkins, M. S. Dixit, Georges Azuelos, Dave Robinson, Frans Meijers, P. W. Jeffreys, K. J. Anderson, A. Rollnik, Peter R Hobson, D. R. Ward, H. O. Ogren, J. R. Carter, G. N. Patrick, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, M. Hansroul, Alessandro Montanari, A. Gaidot, P. E.L. Clarke, J. F. Kral, L. A. del Pozo, S. Schreiber, K. W. Bell, W. J. Collins, T. J. McMahon, M. Kuwano, Alan Watson, G. Transtromer, A. M. Lee, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, N. I. Geddes, D. J.P. Dumas, R. W. L. Jones, J. Steuerer, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, M. Couch, C. Y. Chang, J. Schwiening, T. Wlodek, Sachio Komamiya, Max Weber, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, Misao Sasaki, M. Sproston, D. J. Miller, E. Ros, B. Boden, B. Poli, P. Berlich, R. Humbert, J. P. Martin, R. K. Carnegie, L. Köpke, Silvia Arcelli, O. Ganel, W. R. Gibson, P. Taras, P. Le Du, N. Wermes, G. A. Snow, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, J. A. Wilson, John Hill, H. M. Fischer, A. J. Martin, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, Carla Sbarra, P. Routenburg, T. W. Pritchard, F. Odorici, C. P. Ward, A. Michelini, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, S. De Jong, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, A. C. Janissen, H. Takeda, W. Schappert, E. Heflin, B. Panzer-Steindel, H. Ihssen, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, T. Kawamoto, D. Strom, S. A. Robins, R. Yaari, F. G. Oakham, J. Banks, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, N. J. Tresilian, G. T. Zorn, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, S. W. Gensler, R. J. Homer, P. A. Elcombe, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, B. W. Kennedy, Fabrizio Fabbri, M. M. Deninno, S. Orito, C. Fukunaga, M. Rosvick, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, K. Riles, Michael Dittmar, T. Mouthuy, D. Van den plas, P. S. Wells, H. M. Bosch, G. Yekutieli, Margret Fincke-Keeler, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. A. Carter, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, A. M. Rossi, S. Bougerolle, T. Tsukamoto, J. Kroll, Terry Richard Wyatt, S. Levegrün, J. G. Layter, G. J. VanDalen, N. K. Watson, P. F. Harrison, A. D. Schaile, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, D. Axen, S. Sanghera, F. X. Gentit, C. K. Hargrove, V. H. Winterer, M. Coupland, F. C. Grant, S. R. Hou, C. Wahl, J. M. Lorah, M. A. Whalley, A. Jawahery, W. Mohr, J. E. Conboy, M. Ogg, P. Pfister, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, C. P. Howarth, Peter Sherwood, A. Pouladdej, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. E. Pilcher, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, P. Teixeira-Dias, K. Runge, P. Bock, F. S. Merritt, A. Buijs, O. Schaile, J. A. McKenna, D. A. Hinshaw, R. F. McGowan, T. Behnke, Horst Breuker, Richard Keeler, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, J. W. Gary, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, M. Jobes, U. Binder, P. Scharff-Hansen, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, P. M. Hattersley, D. C. Imrie, G. P. Siroli, Christoph Schwick, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, I. J. Bloodworth, J. M. Roney, P. Weber, M. Settles, A. Beck, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, T. J. Smith, P. Mättig, S. Wotton, J. Goldberg, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, Erez Etzion, Gareth J. Barker, Shlomit Tarem, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, and R. P. Middleton
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Electroweak interaction, Invariant mass, Charged particle, Particle Physics - Experiment, Vertex (geometry), Lepton
Abstract: The OPAL detector at LEP was used to study the reactions e + e − → e + e − V, e + e − → μ + μ − V and e + e − → τ + τ − V, where V represents an additional pair of oppositely charged tracks coming directly from the event vertex. Rates for these processes were determined using selection criteria similar to those described in a recent publication by the ALEPH Collaboration in which a possible excess in the τ + τ − V channel was reported. In the OPAL data no discrepancy was found between the measured production rates and those expected from known physics processes in any of the three channels. The measured distributions of the invariant mass of the V and angle between the V and closest lepton are also described adequately within the context of the standard model.
Published: 1992

50. Search for free gluons in hadronic $Z^{0}$ decays

Author: T. Mouthuy, Andris Skuja, B. C. Shen, Tetsuro Mashimo, J. M. Lorah, John Hobbs, W. Mohr, R. Mir, A. M. Rossi, H. E. Stier, Erez Etzion, P. G. Estabrooks, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, W. G. Scott, H. Oh, D. A. Hinshaw, P. Teixeira-Dias, Gareth J. Barker, W. Gorn, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. A. Bahan, H. O. Ogren, G. Maringer, D. C. Imrie, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, M. M. Deninno, Shlomit Tarem, J. Kroll, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, M. Ogg, A. Pouladdej, K. Stephens, P. M. Watkins, P. E.L. Clarke, D. E. Plane, P. A. Elcombe, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, H. Jeremie, Daniel Lellouch, J. Hart, T. Behnke, Stephen Hillier, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, F. S. Merritt, R. Shypit, Takehiko Mori, G. M. Dallavalle, G. P. Siroli, R. Kowalewski, J. R. McNutt, S. Rossberg, R. G. Kellog, J. A. McKenna, R. F. McGowan, I. Wingerter, A. K. Honma, M. J. Oreglia, J. P. Martin, Alan Watson, V. Gibson, R. P. Middleton, M. J. Losty, D. L. Rees, John Hill, N. I. Geddes, J. Mildenberger, D. J.P. Dumas, Harold Nguyen, S. De Jong, F. Odorici, Silvia Arcelli, G. Quast, B. B. Brabson, C. Fukunaga, J. Becker, John Baines, M. Hansroul, B. Boden, E. Ros, B. Poli, D. G. Fong, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, G. J. VanDalen, W. R. Gibson, I. J. Bloodworth, D. R. Ward, C. Ho, J. R. Carter, H. M. Fischer, G. N. Patrick, D. Strom, G. Eckerlin, A. Michelini, P. Debu, R. J. Homer, G. T. Zorn, G. Transtromer, A. C. Janissen, J. W. Gary, H. M. Bosch, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, P. Singh, J. L. Pinfold, S. Wotton, T. R. Yaari, O. Runolfsson, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, J. von Krogh, Marcello Mannelli, M. Jobes, U. Binder, M. Settles, S. A. Robins, N. C. Wood, P. Scharff-Hansen, R. W. L. Jones, M. Weymann, A. Beck, Y. Yang, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, J. G. Layter, M. W. Moss, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, B. P. O'Neill, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, P. Le Du, H. Kreutzmann, B. W. Kennedy, S. Bougerolle, W. J. Collins, B. Panzer-Steindel, J. Banks, K. J. Anderson, P. F. Harrison, P. Ashton, Dave Robinson, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, G. D. Lafferty, Tohru Takeshita, P. D. Acton, P. Pfister, Stephen Lloyd, W. J. Larson, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, Claudio Grandi, K. Runge, P. Bock, F. Lamarche, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, M. Sproston, P. Routenburg, R. J. Hemingway, T. W. Pritchard, A. Dieckmann, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Jacqueline Batley, P. M. Hattersley, L. A. del Pozo, C. Sbarra, M. W. Redmond, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, A. M. Smith, H. Mes, Georges Azuelos, S. Sanghera, B. Holl, P. Jovanovic, I. P. Duerdoth, G. Vasseur, N. Wermes, Michael Dittmar, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Austin Ball, J. Goldberg, C. Y. Chang, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, B. Lorazo, G. Yekutieli, D. Menszner, A. Rollnik, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, G. Beaudoin, T. J. Smith, Max Weber, Ehud Duchovni, I. Zacharov, Alessandro Montanari, B. Nellen, P. Schenk, A. D. Schaile, P. Taras, Misao Sasaki, Horst Breuker, N. K. Watson, P. Leblanc, J. M. Roney, A. A. Carter, P. Mättig, H. Ihssen, M. Rosvick, D. R. Rust, Shlomo Dado, D. Pitman, Mitsuaki Nozaki, S. Komamiya, V. H. Winterer, P. Weber, G. G. Hanson, H. Takeda, X. C. Lou, R. Sobie, A. Astbury, P. Lennert, F. G. Oakham, S. W. Gensler, T. Kobayashi, S. R. Hou, Giora Mikenberg, O. Ganel, M. Jimack, M. J. Goodrick, H. Przysiezniak, John Allison, J. D. Gillies, A. J. Martin, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, I. Cohen, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, R. J. Barlow, M. Yurko, D. E. Klem, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, P. W. Jeffreys, G. Giacomelli, Phillip Allport, K. Riles, J. A. Wilson, R. Van Kooten, M. Fincke-Keeler, A. M. Lee, M. H. Lehto, E.J. Prebys, W. Schappert, C. K. Hargrove, C. J. Oram, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, S. J. Pawley, P. Berlich, Gideon Alexander, Stefano Marcellini, Claus Kleinwort, L. Köpke, Paolo Capiluppi, James Letts, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, D. G. Charlton, M. Couch, R. Humbert, T. Kawamoto, S. Orito, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, C. Wahl, C. P. Howarth, J. E. Pilcher, O. Schaile, M. Hauschild, P. Paschievici, D. J. Miller, P R Poffenberger, P. S. Wells, C. J. Virtue, M. Coupland, Richard Keeler, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, A. Buijs, and M. F. Turner
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Electron–positron annihilation, Monte Carlo method, Hadron, Detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Lower limit, Particle Physics - Experiment, Gluon
Abstract: A search was performed for isolated, neutral, highly energetic particles which interact hadronically with matter. The data sample consists of 134 278 multihadronic events observed by the OPAL detector at LEP in e + e − collisions with centre-of-mass energies around the Z 0 pole. Our study is sensitive to events predicted by a model in which gluons appear as free, stable, particles. We observed two events and derive a lower limit at 95% confidence level of 47 GeV on the barrier height V m of a potential well introduced by this model. A Monte Carlo simulation of standard multihadronic Z 0 decays predicts 3.3 events.
Published: 1991

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