Author: "Daniel Esteve" / Topic: physics - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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126 results on '"Daniel Esteve"'

1. The quantum technologies roadmap: a European community view

Author: Antonio Acín, Immanuel Bloch, Harry Buhrman, Tommaso Calarco, Christopher Eichler, Jens Eisert, Daniel Esteve, Nicolas Gisin, Steffen J Glaser, Fedor Jelezko, Stefan Kuhr, Maciej Lewenstein, Max F Riedel, Piet O Schmidt, Rob Thew, Andreas Wallraff, Ian Walmsley, and Frank K Wilhelm
Subjects: quantum theory, quantum coomputing, quantum simulation, quantum sensing, quantum communication, quantum technologies, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Within the last two decades, quantum technologies (QT) have made tremendous progress, moving from Nobel Prize award-winning experiments on quantum physics (1997: Chu, Cohen-Tanoudji, Phillips; 2001: Cornell, Ketterle, Wieman; 2005: Hall, Hänsch-, Glauber; 2012: Haroche, Wineland) into a cross-disciplinary field of applied research. Technologies are being developed now that explicitly address individual quantum states and make use of the ‘strange’ quantum properties, such as superposition and entanglement. The field comprises four domains: quantum communication, where individual or entangled photons are used to transmit data in a provably secure way; quantum simulation, where well-controlled quantum systems are used to reproduce the behaviour of other, less accessible quantum systems; quantum computation, which employs quantum effects to dramatically speed up certain calculations, such as number factoring; and quantum sensing and metrology, where the high sensitivity of coherent quantum systems to external perturbations is exploited to enhance the performance of measurements of physical quantities. In Europe, the QT community has profited from several EC funded coordination projects, which, among other things, have coordinated the creation of a 150-page QT Roadmap ( http://qurope.eu/h2020/qtflagship/roadmap2016 ). This article presents an updated summary of this roadmap.
Published: 2018
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2. Generating Two Continuous Entangled Microwave Beams Using a dc-Biased Josephson Junction

Author: Björn Kubala, Daniel Esteve, Denis Vion, Carles Altimiras, Pérola Milman, M. P. Westig, Gerbold Menard, Göran Johansson, Max Hofheinz, Simon Dambach, Fabien Portier, Y. Mukharsky, A. Peugeot, P. Joyez, Joachim Ankerhold, Patrice Roche, Juha Leppäkangas, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ (UMR_7162)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Joyez, Philippe, Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe Nano-Electronique (GNE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Chalmers University of Technology [Gothenburg, Sweden], Institut Quantique [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), and Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)
Subjects: Josephson effect, Coherence time, QC1-999, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Quantum entanglement, Entropy of entanglement, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), Resonator, microwave quantum optics, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), ddc:530, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, superconductivity, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], 0210 nano-technology, entanglement, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), DC bias, Coherence (physics)
Abstract: We show experimentally that a dc-biased Josephson junction in series with two microwave resonators emits entangled beams of microwaves leaking out of the resonators. In the absence of a stationary phase reference for characterizing the entanglement of the outgoing beams, we measure second-order coherence functions for proving entanglement up to an emission rate of 2.5 billion photon pairs per second. The experimental results are found in quantitative agreement with theory, proving that the low frequency noise of the dc bias is the main limitation for the coherence time of the entangled beams. This agreement allows us to evaluate the entropy of entanglement of the resonators, and to identify the improvements that could bring this device closer to a useful bright source of entangled microwaves for quantum-technological applications.
Published: 2021
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3. Reply to 'Comment on ‘Absence of a Dissipative Quantum Phase Transition in Josephson Junctions'’

Author: Nicolas Bourlet, Carles Altimiras, P. Joyez, Jürgen T. Stockburger, Joachim Ankerhold, Fabien Portier, Hermann Grabert, A. Murani, Daniel Esteve, H. le Sueur, Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Freiburg], Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute for Complex Quantum Systems (ICQ), Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], ANR-16-CE30-0019,ELODIS2,Electrodynamique des Supraconducteurs Désordonnés(2016), and ANR-18-CE47-0014,SIM-CIRCUIT,Simulation quantique de physique à N-corps avec des circuits hybrides(2018)
Subjects: Physics, Quantum phase transition, Josephson effect, Work (thermodynamics), QC1-999, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Object (philosophy), 010305 fluids & plasmas, [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Dissipative system, Point (geometry), 010306 general physics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: In their Comment [P. Hakonen and E. B. Sonin, preceding comment, Phys. Rev. X 11, 018001 (2021)PRXHAE2160-3308], Hakonen and Sonin (HS) object to our conclusion on the absence of a dissipation-induced superconducting-to-insulating quantum phase transition (DQPT) in resistively shunted Josephson junctions (RSJJs) originally predicted by Schmid and Bulgadaev (SB). Their objections are based on the account they make of a theory explaining the DQPT in terms of Bloch bands which was developed in the 1980s and early 1990s. In this Reply, we point to several issues in the Comment which undermine the objections HS formulate against our work.
Published: 2021
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4. Spatially-resolved decoherence of donor spins in silicon strained by a metallic electrode

Author: Daniel Flanigan, Jarryd J. Pla, Emmanuel Flurin, B. Albanese, John J. L. Morton, V. Ranjan, Denis Vion, Daniel Esteve, Eric Billaud, Patrice Bertet, Yann-Michel Niquet, Emanuele Albertinale, and Thomas Schenkel
Subjects: Quantum decoherence, QC1-999, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 010306 general physics, Spin-½, Physics, Quantum Physics, Spins, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum sensor, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 3. Good health, Quantum technology, 0210 nano-technology, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Astronomical and Space Sciences, Coherence (physics)
Abstract: Electron spins are amongst the most coherent solid-state systems known, however, to be used in devices for quantum sensing and information processing applications, they must be typically placed near interfaces. Understanding and mitigating the impacts of such interfaces on the coherence and spectral properties of electron spins is critical to realize such applications, but is also challenging: inferring such data from single-spin studies requires many measurements to obtain meaningful results, while ensemble measurements typically give averaged results that hide critical information. Here, we report a comprehensive study of the coherence of near-surface bismuth donor spins in 28-silicon at millikelvin temperatures. In particular, we use strain-induced frequency shifts caused by a metallic electrode to make spatial maps of spin coherence as a function of depth and position relative to the electrode. By measuring magnetic-field-insensitive clock transitions we separate magnetic noise caused by surface spins from charge noise. Our results include quantitative models of the strain-split spin resonance spectra and extraction of paramagnetic impurity concentrations at the silicon surface. The interplay of these decoherence mechanisms for such near-surface electron spins is critical for their application in quantum technologies, while the combination of the strain splitting and clock transition extends the coherence lifetimes by up to two orders of magnitude, reaching up to 300 ms at a mean depth of only 100nm. The technique we introduce here to spatially map coherence in near-surface ensembles is directly applicable to other spin systems of active interest, such as defects in diamond, silicon carbide, and rare earth ions in optical crystals., Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2021
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5. Radiative cooling of a spin ensemble

Author: Emmanuel Flurin, Marek Pechal, Andreas Wallraff, S. Probst, Christoph W. Zollitsch, John J. L. Morton, Denis Vion, V. Ranjan, Daniel Esteve, Patrice Bertet, B. Albanese, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Service de Physique de l’État Condensé, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), London Centre for Nanotechnology, and University College of London [London] (UCL)
Subjects: Thermal equilibrium, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Condensed matter physics, Spins, Spin polarization, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Hyperpolarization (physics), 010306 general physics, Electron paramagnetic resonance, Spin (physics), Quantum Physics (quant-ph), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Microwave cavity
Abstract: Physical systems reach thermal equilibrium through energy exchange with their environment, and for spins in solids the relevant environment is almost always their host lattice. However, recent studies1 motivated by observations by Purcell2 have shown how radiative emission into a microwave cavity can become the dominant relaxation path for spins if the spin–cavity coupling is sufficiently large (such as for small-mode-volume cavities). In this regime, the cavity electromagnetic field overrides the lattice as the dominant environment, inviting the prospect of controlling the spin temperature independently from that of the lattice, by engineering a suitable cavity field. Here, we report on precisely such control over spin temperature, illustrating a novel and universal method to increase the electron spin polarization above its thermal equilibrium value (termed hyperpolarization). By switching the cavity input between resistive loads at different temperatures we can control the electron spin polarization, cooling it below the lattice temperature. Our demonstration uses donor spins in silicon coupled to a superconducting microresonator and we observe more than a twofold increase in spin polarization. This approach provides a general route to signal enhancement in electron spin resonance, or nuclear magnetic resonance through dynamical nuclear spin polarization3,4. Electron spins in solid usually relax their energy through the coupling with phonons in the host lattice. By using the coupling to microwave photons in a cavity as an alternative relaxation path, it is demonstrated that spins can be cooled below the lattice temperature.
Published: 2020
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6. Multimode Storage of Quantum Microwave Fields in Electron Spins over 100 ms

Author: Emanuele Albertinale, Emmanuel Flurin, B. Albanese, John J. L. Morton, Denis Vion, Daniel Esteve, James O'Sullivan, Thierry Chanelière, Patrice Bertet, Thomas Schenkel, V. Ranjan, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Service de Physique de l’État Condensé, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, University College of London [London] (UCL), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, London Centre for Nanotechnology, Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NEEL - NPSC), the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No.DE-AC02-05CH11231, ANR-19-CE47-0011,MIRESPIN,Interfaces microonde spin de terres rares pour le traitement quantique de l'information(2019), ANR-17-CHIN-0001,NASNIQ,Nouvelle Architecture de Spins Nucléaires pour l'Information Quantique(2017), European Project: 771493,LOQO-MOTIONS, and European Project: 765267,H2020-EU.1.3.1.,QuSCo(2017)
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Spins, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 010306 general physics, Spin (physics), Quantum statistical mechanics, Quantum, Microwave, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Coherence (physics)
Abstract: A long-lived multi-mode qubit register is an enabling technology for modular quantum computing architectures. For interfacing with superconducting qubits, such a quantum memory should be able to store incoming quantum microwave fields at the single-photon level for long periods of time, and retrieve them on-demand. Here, we demonstrate the partial absorption of a train of weak microwave fields in an ensemble of bismuth donor spins in silicon, their storage for 100 ms, and their retrieval, using a Hahn-echo-like protocol. The long storage time is obtained by biasing the bismuth donors at a clock transition. Phase coherence and quantum statistics are preserved in the storage., 11 pages including Supplementary
Published: 2020
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7. Antibunched Photons Emitted by a dc-Biased Josephson Junction

Author: Fabien Portier, Patrice Roche, P. Joyez, Simon Dambach, Denis Vion, M. P. Westig, H. le Sueur, Chloé Rolland, Joachim Ankerhold, A. Peugeot, Bjoern Kubala, Daniel Esteve, Y. Mukharsky, Carles Altimiras, Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe Nano-Electronique (GNE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), and ANR-16-CE92-0033,JosePhSCharLi,Du tranpsort électrique quantique à l'optique Quantique: photonique Josephson en régime de couplage fort(2016)
Subjects: Josephson effect, Photon, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Correlation function (quantum field theory), 01 natural sciences, Omega, Characteristic impedance, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Resonator, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 010306 general physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], Physics, Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, superconductivity, 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik, coulomb blockade, Order (ring theory), Atomic physics, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Microwave
Abstract: We show experimentally that a dc biased Josephson junction in series with a high-enough-impedance microwave resonator emits antibunched photons. Our resonator is made of a simple microfabricated spiral coil that resonates at 4.4 GHz and reaches a $1.97\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{k}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}$ characteristic impedance. The second order correlation function of the power leaking out of the resonator drops down to 0.3 at zero delay, which demonstrates the antibunching of the photons emitted by the circuit at a rate of $6\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{7}$ photons per second. Results are found in quantitative agreement with our theoretical predictions. This simple scheme could offer an efficient and bright single-photon source in the microwave domain.
Published: 2019
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8. Near-quantum-limited amplification from inelastic Cooper-pair tunnelling

Author: Max Hofheinz, F. Blanchet, P. Joyez, Fabien Portier, Dibyendu Hazra, Denis Vion, Salha Jebari, Alexander Grimm, Romain Albert, Daniel Esteve, Laboratoire de Transport Electronique Quantique et Supraconductivité (LaTEQS), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Groupe Nano-Electronique (GNE), Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique [Sherbrooke] (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), ANR-07-NANO-0020,MASQUELSPEC,Masqueur électronique pour la centrale de proximité du SPEC(2007), ANR-12-JS04-0006,AnPhoTEQ,Anti Bunching des Photons émis par un QPC(2012), ANR-16-CE92-0033,JosePhSCharLi,Du tranpsort électrique quantique à l'optique Quantique: photonique Josephson en régime de couplage fort(2016), European Project: 278203,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101014,WIQOJO(2012), and European Project: 218783,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2007-C,SCOPE(2008)
Subjects: Josephson effect, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, Quantum tunnelling, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, business.industry, Quantum limit, Amplifier, Quantum noise, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Qubit, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Microwave
Abstract: Nature sets fundamental limits regarding how accurate the amplification of analog signals may be. For instance, a linear amplifier unavoidably adds some noise which amounts to half a photon at best. While for most applications much higher noise levels are acceptable, the readout of microwave quantum systems, such as spin or superconducting qubits, requires noise as close as possible to this ultimate limit. To date, it is approached only by parametric amplifiers exploiting non-linearities in superconducting circuits and driven by a strong microwave pump tone. However, this microwave drive makes them much more difficult to implement and operate than conventional DC powered amplifiers, which so far suffer from much higher noise. Here we present the first experimental proof that a simple DC-powered setup allows for amplification close to the quantum limit. Our amplification scheme is based on the stimulated microwave photon emission accompanying inelastic Cooper pair tunneling through a DC-biased Josephson junction, with the key to low noise lying in a well defined auxiliary idler mode, in analogy to parametric amplifiers., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2018
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9. Erratum: Fluctuation-Dissipation Relations of a Tunnel Junction Driven by a Quantum Circuit [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 126801 (2015)]

Author: Carles Altimiras, Pascal Simon, Daniel Esteve, Denis Vion, Olivier Parlavecchio, Inès Safi, Patrice Roche, P. Joyez, Jean-Rene Souquet, and Fabien Portier
Subjects: Physics, Quantum circuit, Tunnel junction, Quantum electrodynamics, 0103 physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Dissipation, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas
Abstract: This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.126801.
Published: 2017

10. Magnetic Resonance with Squeezed Microwaves

Author: Alexander Holm Kiilerich, John J. L. Morton, Jarryd J. Pla, Xin Zhou, Daniel Esteve, Audrey Bienfait, Patrice Bertet, Klaus Moelmer, Thomas Schenkel, S. Probst, Philippe Campagne-Ibarcq, Denis Vion, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), University of New South Wales [Canberra Campus] (UNSW), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, 17-19 Gordon Street, WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom, and University College of London [London] (UCL)
Subjects: Electromagnetic field, PARAMETRIC-AMPLIFIER, Magnetism, QC1-999, Vacuum state, General Physics and Astronomy, QUANTUM LIMIT, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, NOISE, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Quantum metrology, 010306 general physics, Quantum fluctuation, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Spins, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 3. Good health, LIGHT, STATES, CAVITY, Quantum Information, Vacuum level, Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Microwave, INTERFEROMETER, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract: Vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field set a fundamental limit to the sensitivity of a variety of measurements, including magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We report the use of squeezed microwave fields, which are engineered quantum states of light for which fluctuations in one field quadrature are reduced below the vacuum level, to enhance the detection sensitivity of an ensemble of electronic spins at millikelvin temperatures.} By shining a squeezed vacuum state on the input port of a microwave resonator containing the spins, we obtain a $1.2$\,dB noise reduction at the spectrometer output compared to the case of a vacuum input. This result constitutes a proof of principle of the application of quantum metrology to magnetic resonance spectroscopy., Comment: Main text : 19 pages, 6 figures. Followed by a 18-pages Supplementary Information section, which includes 6 Supplementary Figures
Published: 2017
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11. Pulsed electron spin resonance spectroscopy in the Purcell regime

Author: S. Probst, Patrice Bertet, John J. L. Morton, Daniel Esteve, Denis Vion, Reinier Heeres, O. Jacquot, Andrin Doll, Emmanuel Flurin, V. Ranjan, B. Albanese, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CEA, Service de Physique de l’État Condensé, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France, Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Nano-Magnétisme et Oxydes (LNO), London Centre for Nanotechnology, and University College of London [London] (UCL)
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Biophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Purcell effect, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Laser linewidth, Resonator, 0302 clinical medicine, law, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Spontaneous emission, Electron paramagnetic resonance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Spins, Relaxation (NMR), Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Spin echo, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Atomic physics
Abstract: When spin relaxation is governed by spontaneous emission of a photon into the resonator used for signal detection (the Purcell effect), the relaxation time $T_1$ depends on the spin-resonator frequency detuning $\delta$ and coupling constant $g$. We analyze the consequences of this unusual dependence for the amplitude and temporal shape of a spin-echo in a number of different experimental situations. When the coupling $g$ is distributed inhomogeneously, we find that the effective spin-echo relaxation time measured in a saturation recovery sequence strongly depends on the parameters of the detection echo. When the spin linewidth is larger than the resonator bandwidth, the Fourier components of the echo relax with different characteristic times, which implies that the temporal shape of the echo becomes dependent on the repetition time of the experiment. We provide experimental evidence of these effects with an ensemble of donor spins in silicon at millikelvin temperatures measured by a superconducting micro-resonator., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2020
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12. Exciting Andreev pairs in a superconducting atomic contact

Author: Daniel Esteve, Cristian Urbina, Landry Bretheau, Caglar Girit, Hugues Pothier, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Josephson effect, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Andreev reflection, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Pi Josephson junction, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], 010306 general physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, supercurrent, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Physics, Superconductivity, Multidisciplinary, Andreev bound states, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Supercurrent, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 3. Good health, weak links, [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], Excited state, Superconducting tunnel junction, qubits, 0210 nano-technology, Superconducting quantum computing
Abstract: The Josephson effect describes the flow of supercurrent in a weak link, such as a tunnel junction, nanowire, or molecule, between two superconductors. It is the basis for a variety of circuits and devices, with applications ranging from medicine to quantum information. Currently, experiments using Josephson circuits that behave like artificial atoms are revolutionizing the way we probe and exploit the laws of quantum physics. Microscopically, the supercurrent is carried by Andreev pair states, which are localized at the weak link. These states come in doublets and have energies inside the superconducting gap. Existing Josephson circuits are based on properties of just the ground state of each doublet and so far the excited states have not been directly detected. Here we establish their existence through spectroscopic measurements of superconducting atomic contacts. The spectra, which depend on the atomic configuration and on the phase difference between the superconductors, are in complete agreement with theory. Andreev doublets could be exploited to encode information in novel types of superconducting qubits., Submitted to Nature
Published: 2013
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13. Inductive-detection electron-spin resonance spectroscopy with 65 spins/ Hz sensitivity

Author: John J. L. Morton, Patrice Bertet, Jarryd J. Pla, Denis Vion, Klaus Mølmer, Thomas Schenkel, Reinier Heeres, Philippe Campagne-Ibarcq, S. Probst, Audrey Bienfait, Daniel Esteve, J. F. Da Silva Barbosa, B. Albanese, Quantronics Group ( QUANTRONICS ), Service de physique de l'état condensé ( SPEC - UMR3680 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay ( IRAMIS ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Yale University [New Haven], Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] ( LBNL ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), and University College of London [London] (UCL)
Subjects: Technology, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Engineering, law, 0103 physical sciences, Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Electron paramagnetic resonance, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Applied Physics, Physics, Superconductivity, Spins, Spectrometer, Resonator mode, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Physical Sciences, [ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, Atomic physics, Parametric oscillator, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: © 2017 Author(s). We report electron spin resonance spectroscopy measurements performed at millikelvin temperatures in a custom-built spectrometer comprising a superconducting micro-resonator at 7 GHz and a Josephson parametric amplifier. Owing to the small (∼10-12λ3) magnetic resonator mode volume and to the low noise of the parametric amplifier, the spectrometer's single shot sensitivity reaches 260 ± 40 spins/echo translating into 65±10 spins/√Hz for repeated acquisition.
Published: 2017
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14. Emission of Nonclassical Radiation by Inelastic Cooper Pair Tunneling

Author: P. Joyez, Denis Vion, Y. Mukharsky, Patrice Roche, Bjoern Kubala, Joachim Ankerhold, Fabien Portier, Daniel Esteve, O. Parlavecchio, Mircea Trif, Carles Altimiras, Pascal Simon, M. P. Westig, Max Hofheinz, Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe Nano-Electronique (GNE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Complex Quantum Systems (ICQ), Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Laboratoire de Transport Electronique Quantique et Supraconductivité (LaTEQS), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut für Theoretische Physik (ITP), Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France, Faculté des Sciences d’Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France., Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-16-CE92-0033,JosePhSCharLi,Du tranpsort électrique quantique à l'optique Quantique: photonique Josephson en régime de couplage fort(2016)
Subjects: Josephson effect, Photon, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Classical limit, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Resonator, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 010306 general physics, Quantum tunnelling, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], Physics, Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], Light emission, Atomic physics, Cooper pair, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Microwave
Abstract: International audience; We show that a properly dc-biased Josephson junction in series with two microwave resonators of different frequencies emits photon pairs in the resonators. By measuring auto- and intercorrelations of the power leaking out of the resonators, we demonstrate two-mode amplitude squeezing below the classical limit. This nonclassical microwave light emission is found to be in quantitative agreement with our theoretical predictions, up to an emission rate of 2 billion photon pairs per second.
Published: 2017
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15. Manipulating Fock states of a harmonic oscillator while preserving its linearity

Author: K. Juliusson, Mazyar Mirrahimi, H. Le Sueur, Xin Zhou, Simon Bernon, Vivien Schmitt, Pierre Rouchon, Denis Vion, Daniel Esteve, Patrice Bertet, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), QUANTum Information Circuits (QUANTIC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Centre Automatique et Systèmes (CAS), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), European Project: 264666,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2010-ITN,CCQED(2011), European Project: 600927,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-9,SCALEQIT(2013), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-Inria de Paris, MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University (PSL), CSNSM AN, Centre de Spectrométrie Nucléaire et de Spectrométrie de Masse (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), and PSL Research University (PSL)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris
Subjects: FOS: Physical sciences, PACS numbers: 85.25.−j, 84.40.Dc, 42.50.Dv, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Fock space, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, circuit-QED, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, quantum electrodynamics, 010306 general physics, qubit, Harmonic oscillator, Microwave cavity, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Quantum Physics, Anharmonicity, Resonance, Transmon, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Vackář oscillator, Qubit, microwave cavity, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: We present a new scheme for controlling the quantum state of a harmonic oscillator by coupling it to an anharmonic multilevel system (MLS) with first to second excited state transition frequency on-resonance with the oscillator. In this scheme that we call "ef-resonant", the spurious oscillator Kerr non-linearity inherited from the MLS is very small, while its Fock states can still be selectively addressed via an MLS transition at a frequency that depends on the number of photons. We implement this concept in a circuit-QED setup with a microwave 3D cavity (the oscillator, with frequency 6.4 GHz and quality factor QO=2E-6) embedding a frequency tunable transmon qubit (the MLS). We characterize the system spectroscopically and demonstrate selective addressing of Fock states and a Kerr non-linearity below 350 Hz. At times much longer than the transmon coherence times, a non-linear cavity response with driving power is also observed and explained., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2016
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16. Coherent manipulation of Andreev states in superconducting atomic contacts

Author: Caglar Girit, Camille Janvier, L. Tosi, Daniel Esteve, Hugues Pothier, Michael Stern, P. Joyez, Landry Bretheau, Cristian Urbina, M. F. Goffman, Denis Vion, Patrice Bertet, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centro Atómico Bariloche [Argentine], Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica [ARGENTINA] (CNEA), and ANR-12-BS04-0016,MASH,Etats de Majorana et d'Andreev dans des circuits hybrides combinant des matériaux magnétiques et supraconducteurs(2012)
Subjects: Mesoscopic Superconductivity, Ciencias Físicas, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Circuit quantum electrodynamics, Quantum state, Quantum mechanics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Quantum system, Quantum information, 010306 general physics, Quantum, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], Physics, Multidisciplinary, Quantum bit, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Quantum Manipulation, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Andreev Bound States, [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], Astronomía, Coherent control, Qubit, Quasiparticle, Andreev States, 0210 nano-technology, Qubits, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract: Coherent control of quantum states has been demonstrated in a variety of superconducting devices. In all these devices, the variables that are manipulated are collective electromagnetic degrees of freedom: charge, superconducting phase, or flux. Here, we demonstrate the coherent manipulation of a quantum system based on Andreev bound states, which are microscopic quasiparticle states inherent to superconducting weak links. Using a circuit quantum electrodynamics setup we perform single-shot readout of this "Andreev qubit". We determine its excited state lifetime and coherence time to be in the microsecond range. Quantum jumps and parity switchings are observed in continuous measurements. In addition to possible quantum information applications, such Andreev qubits are a testbed for the physics of single elementary excitations in superconductors., Comment: Supplementary Materials at the end of the file
Published: 2015
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17. Controlling spin relaxation with a cavity

Author: John J. L. Morton, Cheuk Chi Lo, Denis Vion, Michael Stern, Jarryd J. Pla, Yuimaru Kubo, Patrice Bertet, Daniel Esteve, Xin Zhou, C. D. Weis, Audrey Bienfait, Thomas Schenkel, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Bar-Ilan University [Israël], Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), the C’Nano IdF project QUANTROCRYO. J.J.L.M. is supported by the Royal Society. C.C.L. is supported by the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851. T.S. and C.D.W. were supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231, European Project: 615767,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,CIRQUSS(2014), European Project: 608512,EC:FP7:ENERGY,FP7-ENERGY-2013-1,ASCENT(2014), European Project: 630070,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF,QURAM, Quantronics Group ( QUANTRONICS ), Service de physique de l'état condensé ( SPEC - UMR3680 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay ( IRAMIS ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 ( IEMN ), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du nunérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis ( UVHC ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] ( LBNL ), European Project : 615767,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,CIRQUSS ( 2014 ), European Project : 608512,EC:FP7:ENERGY,FP7-ENERGY-2013-1,ASCENT ( 2014 ), and European Project : 630070,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF,QURAM
Subjects: Quantum information, General Science & Technology, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Spontaneous emission, 010306 general physics, Quantum optics, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, Condensed matter physics, Relaxation (NMR), Cavity quantum electrodynamics, Spin engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Quantum spin liquid, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 0210 nano-technology, Nitrogen-vacancy center, Magnetic dipole
Abstract: Spontaneous emission of radiation is one of the fundamental mechanisms by which an excited quantum system returns to equilibrium. For spins, however, spontaneous emission is generally negligible compared to other non-radiative relaxation processes because of the weak coupling between the magnetic dipole and the electromagnetic field. In 1946, Purcell realized that the spontaneous emission rate can be strongly enhanced by placing the quantum system in a resonant cavity -an effect which has since been used extensively to control the lifetime of atoms and semiconducting heterostructures coupled to microwave or optical cavities, underpinning single-photon sources. Here we report the first application of these ideas to spins in solids. By coupling donor spins in silicon to a superconducting microwave cavity of high quality factor and small mode volume, we reach for the first time the regime where spontaneous emission constitutes the dominant spin relaxation mechanism. The relaxation rate is increased by three orders of magnitude when the spins are tuned to the cavity resonance, showing that energy relaxation can be engineered and controlled on-demand. Our results provide a novel and general way to initialise spin systems into their ground state, with applications in magnetic resonance and quantum information processing. They also demonstrate that, contrary to popular belief, the coupling between the magnetic dipole of a spin and the electromagnetic field can be enhanced up to the point where quantum fluctuations have a dramatic effect on the spin dynamics; as such our work represents an important step towards the coherent magnetic coupling of individual spins to microwave photons., 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Published: 2015
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18. Storage and retrieval of microwave fields at the single-photon level in a spin ensemble

Author: Patrice Bertet, Wen-Long Ma, Klaus Mølmer, Michael Stern, Yuimaru Kubo, Vincent Jacques, Junichi Isoya, Brian Julsgaard, Audrey Bienfait, K. Nakamura, Daniel Esteve, Cecile Grezes, Ren-Bao Liu, Shinobu Onoda, Takeshi Ohshima, Denis Vion, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], Department of Physics [Hong Kong University of Science and Technology], Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The support of the C’Nano IdF project QUANTROCRYO, JST, and JSPS KAKENHI (Grant No. 26246001), ANR-11-CHRI-0003,QINVC(2011), European Project: 600927,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-9,SCALEQIT(2013), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)
Subjects: Superconductivity, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Photon, Spins, Condensed matter physics, Cavity quantum electrodynamics, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Qubit, 0103 physical sciences, PACS number(s): 03.67.Lx, 42.50.Ct, 42.50.Pq, 85.25.Cp, Figure of merit, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Energy (signal processing), Spin-½
Abstract: We report the storage of microwave pulses at the single-photon level in a spin-ensemble memory consisting of $10^{10}$ NV centers in a diamond crystal coupled to a superconducting LC resonator. The energy of the signal, retrieved $100\, \mu \mathrm{s}$ later by spin-echo techniques, reaches $0.3\%$ of the energy absorbed by the spins, and this storage efficiency is quantitatively accounted for by simulations. This figure of merit is sufficient to envision first implementations of a quantum memory for superconducting qubits., Comment: 6 pages
Published: 2015
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19. Fluctuation-Dissipation Relations of a Tunnel Junction Driven by a Quantum Circuit

Author: Jean René Souquet, Denis Vion, P. Joyez, Carles Altimiras, Olivier Parlavecchio, Daniel Esteve, Inès Safi, Pascal Simon, Fabien Portier, Patrice Roche, Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Groupe Nano-Electronique (GNE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), ANR-12-JS04-0006,AnPhoTEQ,Anti Bunching des Photons émis par un QPC(2012), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Admittance, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Coulomb Blockade, Quantum noise, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Coulomb blockade, Quantum Noise, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Noise (electronics), Tunnel junction, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Superconducting tunnel junction, [PHYS.COND.CM-MSQHE]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect [cond-mat.mes-hall], Quantum fluctuation, Fluctuation-Dissipation relation, DC bias
Abstract: We derive fluctuation-dissipation relations for a tunnel junction driven by a high impedance microwave resonator, displaying strong quantum fluctuations. We find that the fluctuation-dissipation relations derived for classical forces hold, provided the effect of the circuit's quantum fluctuations is incorporated into a modified non-linear $I(V)$ curve. We also demonstrate that all quantities measured under a coherent time dependent bias can be reconstructed from their dc counterpart with a photo-assisted tunneling relation. We confirm these predictions by implementing the circuit and measuring the dc current through the junction, its high frequency admittance and its current noise at the frequency of the resonator., Comment: Publisehd as Physical Review Letters, 114, 126801
Published: 2015
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20. Towards quantum electrical circuits

Author: Denis Vion, C. Urbina, Michel Devoret, Philippe Joyez, Abdelhanin Aassime, Hugues Pothier, Audrey Cottet, and Daniel Esteve
Subjects: Physics, Flux qubit, Quantum network, Charge qubit, business.industry, One-way quantum computer, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Quantum technology, Phase qubit, Computer Science::Hardware Architecture, Computer Science::Emerging Technologies, Quantum error correction, Quantum mechanics, Qubit, Optoelectronics, business
Abstract: Electrical circuits can behave quantum mechanically when decoherence induced by uncontrolled degrees of freedom is sufficiently reduced. Recently, different nanofabricated superconducting circuits based on Josephson junctions have achieved a degree of quantum coherence sufficient to allow the manipulation of their quantum state with NMR-like techniques. Because of their potential scalability, these quantum circuits are presently considered for implementing quantum bits, which are the building blocks of the proposed quantum processors. We have operated such a Josephson qubit circuit in which a long coherence time is obtained by decoupling the qubit from its readout circuit during manipulation. We report pulsed microwave experiments which demonstrate the controlled manipulation of the qubit state.
Published: 2003
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21. Reaching the quantum limit of sensitivity in electron spin resonance

Author: Thomas Schenkel, Patrice Bertet, Denis Vion, Brian Julsgaard, Audrey Bienfait, Daniel Esteve, Cheuk Chi Lo, Michael Stern, Jarryd J. Pla, Klaus Mølmer, Xin Zhou, John J. L. Morton, C. D. Weis, Yuimaru Kubo, Mike L. W. Thewalt, Quantronics Group ( QUANTRONICS ), Service de physique de l'état condensé ( SPEC - UMR3680 ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay ( IRAMIS ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Bar Ilan University of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials (BINA), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN) - UMR 8520 ( IEMN ), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du nunérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis ( UVHC ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] ( LBNL ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College of London [London] ( UCL ), Also support by C’Nano IdF through the QUANTROCRYO project. J.J.L.M. is supported by the Royal Society. C.C. Lo is supported by the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851.B. Julsgaard and K. Mølmer acknowledge support from the Villum Foundation. C.D.W.and T.S. acknowledge support from the Office of Science of the US Department of Energyunder contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231, European Project : 615767,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,CIRQUSS ( 2014 ), European Project : 279781,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101014,ASCENT ( 2011 ), European Project : 630070,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF,QURAM, European Project : 600927,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-9,SCALEQIT ( 2013 ), Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Bar-Ilan University [Israël], Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Institut supérieur de l'électronique et du numérique (ISEN)-Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis (UVHC)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), University College of London [London] (UCL), European Project: 615767,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,CIRQUSS(2014), European Project: 279781,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101014,ASCENT(2011), European Project: 630070,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF,QURAM, and European Project: 600927,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-9,SCALEQIT(2013)
Subjects: Electromagnetic field, 02 engineering and technology, Signal-To-Noise Ratio, 01 natural sciences, Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome, law.invention, quant-ph, law, General Materials Science, Electron paramagnetic resonance, Microwaves, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, [ PHYS ] Physics [physics], Condensed matter physics, Quantum limit, Microchemistry, Equipment Design, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 3. Good health, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, Orders of magnitude (temperature), Biomedical Engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, Noise (electronics), Sensitivity and Specificity, Resonator, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), cond-mat.mes-hall, Electronic, Air Conditioning, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, 010306 general physics, Larmor precession, Miniaturization, Spins, Amplifiers, Electronic, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Reproducibility of Results, Amplifiers, Equipment Failure Analysis, Quantum Theory, Nanoparticles, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract: We report pulsed electron-spin resonance (ESR) measurements on an ensemble of Bismuth donors in Silicon cooled at 10mK in a dilution refrigerator. Using a Josephson parametric microwave amplifier combined with high-quality factor superconducting micro-resonators cooled at millikelvin temperatures, we improve the state-of-the-art sensitivity of inductive ESR detection by nearly 4 orders of magnitude. We demonstrate the detection of 1700 bismuth donor spins in silicon within a single Hahn echo with unit signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio, reduced to just 150 spins by averaging a single Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill sequence. This unprecedented sensitivity reaches the limit set by quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field instead of thermal or technical noise, which constitutes a novel regime for magnetic resonance., Main text : 10 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary text : 16 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2015
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22. Finding the Elusive E × B Staircase in Magnetized Plasmas

Author: Patrick Maget, Patrick Diamond, Guilhem Dif-Pradalier, J. Abiteboul, Yusuke Kosuga, Virginie Grandgirard, Philippe Ghendrih, P. Morel, C. Ehrlacher, Xavier Garbet, Grégoire Hornung, F. Clairet, Yanick Sarazin, Özgür D. Gürcan, A. Storelli, T. Cartier-Michaud, C. Norscini, Daniel Esteve, Roland Sabot, Pascale Hennequin, Laure Vermare, Guillaume Latu, Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (LPP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik [Garching] (IPP), Kyushu University [Fukuoka], Funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No WP14-ER-01. HPC resources from GENCI-IDRIS (Grant No. 2014-056884) and from IFERC-CSC.National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY11-25915., Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École polytechnique (X)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Kyushu University
Subjects: General Physics, Tokamak, Plasma parameters, Mesoscale meteorology, General Physics and Astronomy, Tore Supra, 01 natural sciences, Mathematical Sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Engineering, GYROKINETIC SIMULATIONS, law, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Gyrokinetics, [NLIN]Nonlinear Sciences [physics], 010306 general physics, Reflectometry, Physics, BARRIERS, Condensed matter physics, Turbulence, Plasma, TRANSPORT, Physics and Astronomy, Quantum electrodynamics, Physical Sciences, PACS numbers: 52.30.Gz, 52.35.Mw, 52.35.Ra, 52.65.Tt
Abstract: © 2015 American Physical Society. Turbulence in hot magnetized plasmas is shown to generate permeable localized transport barriers that globally organize into the so-called "ExB staircase" [G. Dif-Pradalier et al., Phys. Rev. E, 82, 025401(R) (2010)]. Its domain of existence and dependence with key plasma parameters is discussed theoretically. Based on these predictions, staircases are observed experimentally in the Tore Supra tokamak by means of high-resolution fast-sweeping X-mode reflectometry. This observation strongly emphasizes the critical role of mesoscale self-organization in plasma turbulence and may have far-reaching consequences for turbulent transport models and their validation.
Published: 2015
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23. Towards a spin-ensemble quantum memory for superconducting qubits

Author: Igor Diniz, Junichi Isoya, Patrice Bertet, Hiroshi Abe, Takahide Umeda, Brian Julsgaard, Takeshi Ohshima, Denis Vion, Yuimaru Kubo, Cecile Grezes, Vincent Jacques, Shinobu Onoda, Klaus Moelmer, Hitoshi Sumiya, Jean-François Roch, Daniel Esteve, Kazuo Nakamura, Alexia Auffèves, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], Research Center for Knowledge Communities, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Sumitomo Electric Industries, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire (LPQM), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NEEL - NPSC)
Subjects: Flux qubit, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Physics and Astronomy(all), 01 natural sciences, Phase qubit, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Quantum state, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Hardware_ARITHMETICANDLOGICSTRUCTURES, 010306 general physics, Quantum, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Quantum computer, Physics, Quantum Physics, Quantum memory, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Spins, General Engineering, NV centers in diamond, Centres NV du diamant, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Qubits de spin, Qubit, Spin qubits, Mémoire quantique, Qubits supraconducteurs, Superconducting qubits, 0210 nano-technology, Superconducting quantum computing, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract: This article reviews efforts to build a new type of quantum device, which combines an ensemble of electronic spins with long coherence times, and a small-scale superconducting quantum processor. The goal is to store over long times arbitrary qubit states in orthogonal collective modes of the spin-ensemble, and to retrieve them on-demand. We first present the protocol devised for such a multi-mode quantum memory. We then describe a series of experimental results using NV center spins in diamond, which demonstrate its main building blocks: the transfer of arbitrary quantum states from a qubit into the spin ensemble, and the multi-mode retrieval of classical microwave pulses down to the single-photon level with a Hahn-echo like sequence. A reset of the spin memory is implemented in-between two successive sequences using optical repumping of the spins., Comment: 27 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2015
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24. Thrust stand for ground tests of solid propellant microthrusters

Author: Daniel Esteve, S. Orieux, and Carole Rossi
Subjects: Physics, Propellant, Deflection (engineering), Electromagnetic coil, System of measurement, Physics::Space Physics, Bandwidth (signal processing), Transmitter, Pendulum, Mechanical engineering, Thrust, Instrumentation
Abstract: A pendulum type balance has been designed and fabricated to characterize solid propellant microthrusters. The thrust measurement system mainly consists of a rigid arm rotating freely around a pivot and a feedback control loop. The deflection of the arm produced by the applied thrust is detected using a high frequency transmitter and an antenna. The principle of the measurement is to compensate exactly the thrust force applied to the pendulum by injecting a current in a coil. The measurement of this current gives a perfect image of the thrust force. This article presents the design and performances of the balance. The thrust force measurement sensitivity is 25 μN and the system bandwidth is 40 Hz. Using this balance, single cylindrical thrusters have been characterized. The results gave less than a 1% error between experiment and theoretical evaluation.
Published: 2002
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25. Implementation of a combined charge-phase quantum bit in a superconducting circuit

Author: Michel Devoret, Daniel Esteve, Denis Vion, Abdelhanin Aassime, Audrey Cottet, and Philippe Joyez
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Josephson effect, Flux qubit, Charge qubit, business.industry, Transistor, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Phase qubit, Computer Science::Emerging Technologies, law, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Qubit, Quantum mechanics, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Quantum computer
Abstract: We discuss a qubit circuit based on the single Cooper-pair transistor (which consists of two ultrasmall Josephson junctions in series) connected in parallel with a large Josephson junction. The switching of this junction out of its zero-voltage state is used to readout the qubit. We report measurements of the discriminating power of the readout process, and we discuss its back-action on the qubit.
Published: 2002
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26. High-gain weakly nonlinear flux-modulated Josephson parametric amplifier using a SQUID array

Author: Patrice Bertet, Xin Zhou, Waltraut Wustmann, Daniel Esteve, Denis Vion, Vitaly Shumeiko, Vivien Schmitt, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], European Project: 600927,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-9,SCALEQIT(2013), European contract ScaleQit, and Vion, Denis
Subjects: squeezing, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-S] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], amplification, Inductor, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), quantum, Resonator, PACS number: 85.25.−j, 84.40.Dc, 42.50.Lc, 42.65.Yj, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Parametric, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, business.industry, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Amplifier, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, [PHYS.COND.CM-S]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Superconductivity [cond-mat.supr-con], Inductance, Amplitude, amplifer, Optoelectronics, Parametric oscillator, business, squid, Microwave, Josepson
Abstract: We have developed and measured a high-gain quantum-limited microwave parametric amplifier based on a superconducting lumped LC resonator with the inductor L including an array of 8 superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). This amplifier is parametrically pumped by modulating the flux threading the SQUIDs at twice the resonator frequency. Around 5 GHz, a maximum gain of 31 dB, a product amplitude-gain x bandwidth above 60 MHz, and a 1 dB compression point of -123 dBm at 20 dB gain are obtained in the non-degenerate mode of operation. Phase sensitive amplification-deamplification is also measured in the degenerate mode and yields a maximum gain of 37 dB. The compression point obtained is 18 dB above what would be obtained with a single SQUID of the same inductance, due to the smaller nonlinearity of the SQUID array., 7 pages, 4 figures, 23 references
Published: 2014
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27. Multimode Storage and Retrieval of Microwave Fields in a Spin Ensemble

Author: Brian Julsgaard, Patrice Bertet, Daniel Esteve, Michael Stern, Klaus Mølmer, Takeshi Ohshima, Denis Vion, Yuimaru Kubo, Hitoshi Sumiya, Cecile Grezes, Takashi Umeda, Hiroshi Abe, Vincent Jacques, Jérôme Estève, Junichi Isoya, Shinobu Onoda, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus], Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire (LPQM), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Sumitomo Electric Industries, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan), Laboratoire Kastler Brossel (LKB (Jussieu)), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multi-mode optical fiber, QC1-999, Cavity quantum electrodynamics, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Quantum memory, ComputerSystemsOrganization_MISCELLANEOUS, Quantum mechanics, 0103 physical sciences, Quantum information, Computational problem, 010306 general physics, 0210 nano-technology, Computer Science::Databases, Microwave, Spin-½, Quantum computer
Abstract: International audience; A quantum memory at microwave frequencies, able to store the state of multiple superconducting qubits for long times, is a key element for quantum information processing. Electronic and nuclear spins are natural candidates for the storage medium as their coherence time can be well above 1 s. Benefiting from these long coherence times requires one to apply the refocusing techniques used in magnetic resonance, a major challenge in the context of hybrid quantum circuits. Here, we report the first implementation of such a scheme, using ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond coupled to a superconducting resonator, in a setup compatible with superconducting qubit technology. We implement the active reset of the nitrogen-vacancy spins into their ground state by optical pumping and their refocusing by Hahn-echo sequences. This enables the storage of multiple microwave pulses at the picowatt level and their retrieval after up to 35 μs, a 3 orders of magnitude improvement compared to previous experiments.
Published: 2014
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28. Supercurrent in Atomic Point Contacts and Andreev States

Author: P. Joyez, Cristian Urbina, Daniel Esteve, A. Levy Yeyati, Michel Devoret, Marcelo Goffman, and R. Cron
Subjects: Physics, Conduction channel, Condensed matter physics, Bound state, Supercurrent, General Physics and Astronomy, Point (geometry), Thermal conduction, Andreev reflection
Abstract: We have measured the supercurrent in aluminum atomic point contacts containing a small number of well characterized conduction channels. For most contacts, the measured supercurrent is adequately described by the opposite contributions of two thermally populated Andreev bound states per conduction channel. However, for contacts containing an almost perfectly transmitted channel $0.9\ensuremath{\le}\ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\le}1$ the measured supercurrent is higher than expected, a fact that we attribute to nonadiabatic transitions between bound states.
Published: 2000
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29. Single cooper pair electronics

Author: Vincent Bouchiat, P. Joyez, M.H. Devoret, Daniel Esteve, Cristian Urbina, and Denis Vion
Subjects: Superconductivity, Physics, Condensed matter physics, Electric potential energy, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Coulomb blockade, Thermal fluctuations, Electron, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Cooper pair, Atomic physics, Quantum, Quantum tunnelling
Abstract: Single electron devices are based on small normal metal electrodes called ‘islands’ separated by tunnel junctions. In such circuits, electrons can be transfered one by one when the energy of thermal fluctuations is less than the electrostatic energy necessary to add an extra electron to an island. We present here experimental results in single electron devices for which all normal-metal electrodes are replaced by superconducting ones. In such devices coherent Cooper pair tunneling (i.e. the DC-Josephson effect) combines with Coulomb blockade. These effects can be tuned in such a way that signatures of the macroscopic quantum coherence between two well-defined charge states become observable.
Published: 1999
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30. [Untitled]

Author: Michel Devoret, Denis Vion, M. Götz, P. Joyez, and Daniel Esteve
Subjects: Josephson effect, Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Condensed matter physics, Electromagnetic environment, Supercurrent, Phase (waves), Thermal fluctuations, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pi Josephson junction, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Superconducting tunnel junction, Nanoscopic scale
Abstract: In nanoscale Josephson junctions, the Josephson coupling energy is usually comparable with the charging energy of the junction and with the typical energy of thermal fluctuations. Under these circumstances, phase fluctuations imposed by the electromagnetic environment of the junction crucially affect the junction electrical behavior. In particular, they determine the maximum “supercurrent” the junction can sustain. We discuss this quantity in the case where the junction is not resistively shunted, so that the I V characteristics of the junction remains hysteretic. For a simple, yet realistic, unshunted junction model, we obtain detailed predictions of the shape of the supercurrent branch of the I V characteristic. Finally, we present experimental results supporting the theoretical analysis and which demonstrate that the supercurrent in an unshunted nanoscale Josephson junction can indeed be of the order of its critical current.
Published: 1999
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31. [Untitled]

Author: P. Joyez, Denis Vion, Michel Devoret, Daniel Esteve, and Vincent Bouchiat
Subjects: Physics, Charge conservation, Charge qubit, Core charge, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Condensed matter physics, Electron, Condensed Matter Physics, Space charge, Effective nuclear charge, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Partial charge, Cooper pair, Atomic physics
Abstract: A metallic electrode connected to electron reservoirs by tunnel junctions has a series of charge states corresponding to the number of excess electrons in the electrode. In contrast to the charge state of an atomic or molecular ion, the charge states of such an “island” are mesoscopic states involving all the conduction electrons of the island. Island charge states bear some resemblance to the photon number states of the cavity in cavity QED, the phase conjugate to the number of electrons being analogous to the phase of the field in the cavity. For a normal island, charge states decay irreversibly into charge states of lower energies. However, the gound state of a superconducting island connected to superconducting reservoirs can be a coherent superposition of charge states differing by two electrons (i.e., a Cooper pair). We describe an experiment in which this Josephson effect involving only one Cooper pair is measured.
Published: 1999
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32. Superconducting qubit as a probe of squeezing in a nonlinear resonator

Author: Patrice Bertet, Maxime Boissonneault, Alexandre Blais, Denis Vion, Florian R. Ong, Andrew C. Doherty, and Daniel Esteve
Subjects: Physics, Flux qubit, Charge qubit, Quantum sensor, Quantum noise, Quantum Physics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Phase qubit, Quantum mechanics, Quantum electrodynamics, Qubit, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Quantum fluctuation, Quantum computer
Abstract: In addition to their central role in quantum information processing, qubits have proven to be useful tools in a range of other applications such as enhanced quantum sensing and as spectrometers of quantum noise. Here we show that a superconducting qubit strongly coupled to a nonlinear resonator can act as a probe of quantum fluctuations of the intraresonator field. Building on previous work [M. Boissoneault et al., Phys. Rev. A 85, 022305 (2012)], we derive an effective master equation for the qubit which takes into account squeezing of the resonator field. We show how sidebands in the qubit excitation spectrum that are predicted by this model can reveal information about the squeezing factor $r$. The main results of this paper have already been successfully compared to experimental data [F. R. Ong et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 047001 (2013)], and we present here the details of the derivations.
Published: 2014
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33. Multiplexed readout of transmon qubits with Josephson bifurcation amplifiers

Author: Patrice Bertet, Daniel Esteve, Denis Vion, Alexandre Blais, K. Juliusson, Baptiste Royer, Xin Zhou, Vivien Schmitt, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), This work was supported by the European FP7 QIPC project ScaleQIT, by the CCQED network, and by the NSERC of Canada., and European Project: 600927,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2011-9,SCALEQIT(2013)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Rabi cycle, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Amplifier, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Bandwidth (signal processing), FOS: Physical sciences, Transmon, Multiplexing, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Resonator, Quantum mechanics, Qubit, Optoelectronics, business, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Quantum computer
Abstract: Achieving individual qubit readout is a major challenge in the development of scalable superconducting quantum processors. We have implemented the multiplexed readout of a four transmon qubit circuit using non-linear resonators operated as Josephson bifurcation amplifiers. We demonstrate the simultaneous measurement of Rabi oscillations of the four transmons. We find that multiplexed Josephson bifurcation is a high-fidelity readout method, the scalability of which is not limited by the need of a large bandwidth nearly quantum-limited amplifier as is the case with linear readout resonators., 7 pages, 6 figures, and 31 references
Published: 2014
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34. Flux Qubits with Long Coherence Times for Hybrid Quantum Circuits

Author: Yuimaru Kubo, Denis Vion, Patrice Bertet, Michael Stern, Gianluigi Catelani, Daniel Esteve, Audrey Bienfait, Cecile Grezes, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Peter Grünberg Institut, Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI), This work was supported by the ANR CHIST-ERA project QINVC, the C'Nano IdF project QUANTROCRYO, the ERC project CIRQUSS, the JSPS, and by the EU under REA Grant Agreement No. CIG-618258 (G. C.)., ANR-11-CHRI-0003,QINVC(2011), and European Project: 615767,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-CoG,CIRQUSS(2014)
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, DECOHERENCE, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Flux qubit, Quantum decoherence, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Spins, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Dephasing, Cavity quantum electrodynamics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Quantum Physics, STATE, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Computer Science::Emerging Technologies, Qubit, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), PERSISTENT-CURRENT QUBIT, ddc:550, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Superconducting quantum computing
Abstract: We present measurements of superconducting flux qubits embedded in a three dimensional copper cavity. The qubits are fabricated on a sapphire substrate and are measured by coupling them inductively to an on-chip superconducting resonator located in the middle of the cavity. At their flux-insensitive point, all measured qubits reach an intrinsic energy relaxation time in the $6--20\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$ range and a pure dephasing time comprised between 3 and $10\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{s}$. This significant improvement over previous works opens the way to the coherent coupling of a flux qubit to individual spins.
Published: 2014
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35. Theory of microwave spectroscopy of Andreev bound states with a Josephson junction

Author: Hugues Pothier, M. Houzet, Daniel Esteve, Caglar Girit, Landry Bretheau, Cristian Urbina, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratory of Quantum Theory (GT), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Work partially financed by ANR through projects ANR-09-BLAN-0199- 01 DOC-FLUC, ANR-12-BS04-0016 MASH and ANR- 11-JS04-003-01 GLASNOST. The research leading to these results has received funding from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement n°PIIF-GA-2011-298415., ANR-09-BLAN-0199,DOC-FLUC,Détection ' on-chip ' des fluctuations quantiques de courant de nano-systèmes(2009), ANR-12-BS04-0016,MASH,Etats de Majorana et d'Andreev dans des circuits hybrides combinant des matériaux magnétiques et supraconducteurs(2012), ANR-11-JS04-0003,GLASNOST,Lois générales pour la supraconductivité mésoscopique en régime hors d'équilibre non-stationnaire(2011), and European Project: 298415,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF,DIRACOOPER(2012)
Subjects: Physics, Josephson effect, Superconductivity, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Quantum Physics, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter Physics, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 3. Good health, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Andreev reflection, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Quantum mechanics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Bound state, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), PACS numbers: 74.45.+c, 73.23.-b, 74, Microscopic theory, Cooper pair, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Harmonic oscillator, Quantum tunnelling
Abstract: We present a microscopic theory for the current through a tunnel Josephson junction coupled to a non-linear environment, which consists of an Andreev two-level system coupled to a harmonic oscillator. It models a recent experiment [Bretheau, Girit, Pothier, Esteve, and Urbina, Nature (London) 499, 312 (2013)] on photon spectroscopy of Andreev bound states in a superconducting atomic-size contact. We find the eigenenergies and eigenstates of the environment and derive the current through the junction due to inelastic Cooper pair tunneling. The current-voltage characteristic reveals the transitions between the Andreev bound states, the excitation of the harmonic mode that hybridizes with the Andreev bound states, as well as multi-photon processes. The calculated spectra are in fair agreement with the experimental data., 8 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2014
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36. Dynamical Coulomb Blockade of Shot Noise

Author: Patrice Roche, Daniel Esteve, Carles Altimiras, Olivier Parlavecchio, P. Joyez, Denis Vion, Fabien Portier, Groupe Nano-Electronique (GNE), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), This project was funded by the CNano-IDF Shot-E-Phot and Masquel, the Triangle de la Physique DyCoBloS and ANR AnPhoTeQ grants., and ANR-12-JS04-0006,AnPhoTEQ,Anti Bunching des Photons émis par un QPC(2012)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed matter physics, Shot noise, General Physics and Astronomy, Spectral density, Coulomb blockade, FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Characteristic impedance, law.invention, SQUID, Resonator, High impedance, law, Tunnel junction, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Abstract: International audience; We observe the suppression of the finite frequency shot-noise produced by a voltage biased tunnel junction due to its interaction with a single electromagnetic mode of high impedance. The tunnel junction is embedded in a quarter wavelength resonator containing a dense SQUID array providing it with a characteristic impedance in the kOhms range and a resonant frequency tunable in the 4-6 GHz range. Such high impedance gives rise to a sizeable Coulomb blockade on the tunnel junction (roughly 30% reduction in the differential conductance) and allows an efficient measurement of the spectral density of the current fluctuations at the resonator frequency. The observed blockade of shot-noise is found in agreement with an extension of the dynamical Coulomb blockade theory.
Published: 2014
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37. Flux qubits in 3D cavities

Author: Patrice Bertet, Michael Stern, Denis Vion, Daniel Esteve, Cecile Grezes, and Yuimaru Kubo
Subjects: Physics, Flux qubit, Computer Science::Emerging Technologies, Qubit, Quantum mechanics, Cavity quantum electrodynamics, Transmon, W state, Superconducting quantum computing, Magnetic dipole, Quantum
Abstract: The flux qubit is often considered as a major design for the future of quantum integrated circuits and its properties have triggered intense interest in the last decade [1-2]. This superconducting circuit behaves as a two-level system, each level being characterized by the direction of a macroscopic permanent current flowing in the loop of the qubit. The permanent current, typically of the order of several hundreds of nAs, generates a large magnetic dipole, which offers interesting prospects for hybrid quantum circuits [3]. However, the flux qubit suffers from limited and irreproducible lifetimes which partially prevent these potential applications. Recently, a novel architecture where qubits are placed in a three dimensional cavity was introduced for transmon qubit [4]. It was shown that coherence properties can be greatly improved.
Published: 2014
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38. Energy Distribution Function of Quasiparticles in Mesoscopic Wires

Author: Daniel Esteve, Sophie Guéron, Michel Devoret, Hugues Pothier, and Norman O. Birge
Subjects: Physics, Mesoscopic physics, Condensed matter physics, Inelastic collision, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, symbols.namesake, Distribution function, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Density of states, Quasiparticle, symbols, Electron temperature, Fermi–Dirac statistics, Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons, Atomic physics
Abstract: We have measured with a tunnel probe the energy distribution function of Landau quasiparticles in metallic diffusive wires connected to two reservoir electrodes, with an applied bias voltage. The distribution function in the middle of a 1.5-mm-long wire resembles the half sum of the Fermi distributions of the reservoirs. The distribution functions in 5- mm-long wires are more rounded, due to interactions between quasiparticles during the longer diffusion time across the wire. From the scaling of the data with the bias voltage, we find that the scattering rate between two quasiparticles varies as « 22 , where « is the energy transferred. [S0031-9007(97)04367-6] The present understanding of metals is based on Landau’s theory of Fermi liquids. In this model, the elementary excitations of the fluid of interacting electrons are nearly independent fermionic quasiparticles [1]. In disordered metals, residual interactions between quasiparticles lead in mesoscopic samples to measurable corrections to the density of states, and limit the phase coherence of quasiparticles [2]. These effects have been widely investigated experimentally and theoretically in the last 20 years [3]. However, the most elementary manifestation of interactions, namely, the transfer of energy between quasiparticles, has been observed only at energies of order 1 eV by time-resolved spectroscopy of a metallic film following a laser pulse [4], and in the meV range through the establishment of an electron temperature in the so-called hotelectron regime [5]. Indications as to the speed at which this thermalization proceeds were obtained in recent shot noise experiments [6]. In this Letter, we report a direct measurement of the energy transfer rates between quasiparticles in diffusive metallic wires. We have measured the energy distribution function of quasiparticles in wires in a stationary out-ofequilibrium situation, at low enough temperature so that quasiparticle-quasiparticle interaction is the dominant inelastic process. The deviations of the energy distribution function from the Fermi distribution give access to the energy transfer rates. We force the wire out of equilibrium by placing it between two reservoir electrodes [7] biased at different potentials, 0 and U, as shown in Fig. 1. The local distribution function is probed with a superconducting electrode connected to the wire by a tunnel junction. The experiment exploits the property of the distribution function to have different shapes depending on the amount of inelastic collisions a quasiparticle experiences during its diffusion time through the wire. The steady-state distribution function fsx, Ed in a metallic wire of length L, which depends on the position X › xL measured from the right electrode, and on the energy E, results from the combined action of the elastic diffusion and of interactions. It obeys the Boltzmann
Published: 1997
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39. Strong Tunneling in the Single-Electron Transistor

Author: Cristian Urbina, Michel Devoret, Daniel Esteve, Vincent Bouchiat, and Philippe Joyez
Subjects: Physics, Condensed matter physics, law, Transistor, Bipolar junction transistor, Induced high electron mobility transistor, General Physics and Astronomy, Coulomb blockade, Conductance, Conductance quantum, Quantum tunnelling, law.invention, Threshold voltage
Abstract: We have investigated the suppression of single-electron charging effects in metallic single-electron transistors when the conductance of the tunnel junctions becomes larger than the conductance quantum ${e}^{2}/h$. We find that the Coulomb blockade of the conductance is progressively shifted at lower temperatures. The experimental results agree quantitatively with the available $1/T$ expansion at high temperature, and qualitatively with the predictions of an effective two-state model at low temperature, which predicts at $T\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0$ a blockade of conductance for all gate voltages.
Published: 1997
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40. Single-electron tunneling at high temperature

Author: P. Joyez and Daniel Esteve
Subjects: Physics, Condensed matter physics, Electromagnetic environment, Scanning tunneling spectroscopy, Conductance, Coulomb blockade, Spin polarized scanning tunneling microscopy, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, law.invention, law, Tunnel junction, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Resistor, Atomic physics, Quantum tunnelling
Abstract: The electromagnetic environment in which a small tunnel junction circuit is embedded plays a crucial role in its transport properties. Although the theory of single-electron tunneling is well established, few analytical results are known. We use a real-time formulation to obtain new predictions for the high-temperature conductance of singleand double-junction systems in series with a resistor. We discuss the implications of our results for recently proposed metrological thermometry based on Coulomb blockade of single-electron tunneling. @S0163-1829~97!06928-2#
Published: 1997
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41. Conduction Channel Transmissions of Atomic-Size Aluminum Contacts

Author: Elke Scheer, Cristian Urbina, Daniel Esteve, Michel Devoret, and Philippe Joyez
Subjects: Length scale, Superconductivity, Physics, Atomic radius, Condensed matter physics, Bar (music), Quasiparticle, General Physics and Astronomy, ddc:530, Transmission coefficient, Andreev reflection, Voltage
Abstract: The isV , td curves present a series of sharp current steps at voltage values V › 2Dyne, where n is a positive integer and D is the superconducting gap. The well-known process of single quasiparticle transport corresponds to n › 1. The common phenomenon behind the other steps is multiple Andreev reflection (MAR) of quasiparticles between the two superconducting banks [14]. The order n › 2, 3, . . . , of a step corresponds to the number of electronic charges transferred in the underlying MAR process. As the transmission of the channel rises from 0 to 1, the higher order processes grow stronger and the subgap current increases progressively. This so-called “subharmonic gap structure” has already been observed in superconducting weak links and tunnel junctions with a very large number of channels [15,16]. Measurements [17] of the current-voltage characteristic ( IV ) of Nb and Pb single channel tunnel junctions with an adjustable transmission t1 have shown that the height of the successive current steps is proportional to increasing powers of t1 ,i n FIG. 1. Measured current-voltage characteristics (symbols) of four different configurations of sample #1 at 30 mK and best numerical fits (lines). The individual channel transmissions and total transmission T obtained from the fits are (a) t1 › 0.997, t2 › 0.46, t3 › 0.29, T › 1.747; (b) t1 › 0.74, t2 › 0.11, T › 0.85; (c) t1 › 0.46, t2 › 0.35, t3 › 0.07, T › 0.88; and (d) T › t1 › 0.025. Voltage and current are in reduced units. The measured superconducting gap was Dye › 182.5 6 2.0 mV. Left inset: Theoretical IVs for a single channel superconducting contact for different values of its transmission coefficient t (from bottom to top: 0.1, 0.4, 0.7, 0.9, 0.99, 1) after [12]. Right inset: Typical total transmission traces measured at V $ 5 Dye, while opening the contact at around 6 pmys, for samples #1 and #2. The bar indicates the distance scale.
Published: 1997
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42. Erratum to: Energy distribution of electrons in an out-of-equilibrium metallic wire

Author: Norman O. Birge, Daniel Esteve, Michel Devoret, Hugues Pothier, and Sophie Guéron
Subjects: Physics, Energy distribution, Condensed matter physics, Copper wire, Function (mathematics), Electron, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Metal, Distribution function, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Quasiparticle, General Materials Science, Atomic physics, Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Abstract: We have measured with a tunnel probe the energy distribution function of quasiparticles in the middle of a 1.5 μm-long copper wire placed between two reservoirs at different potentials. We find a distribution function close to half the sum of the Fermi distributions in the reservoirs. The deviation from this behavior is not yet understood.
Published: 1997
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43. [Untitled]

Author: Michel Devoret, Vincent Bouchiat, Daniel Esteve, and G. Chardin
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Antiparticle, law, Antiproton, Antimatter, Transistor, Electric potential, Electron, Particle detector, Charged particle, law.invention
Abstract: We propose a non-destructive method to measure the trajectory of a single antiproton in a drift tube using position sensors based on the single electron transistor. We show that this recently developed device has sufficient sensitivity to detect the electric field of a moving charged particle. Comparing the trajectories of antiprotons and H− ions could allow a reliable determination of the gravitational mass of the antiproton.
Published: 1997
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44. Thermal Activation above a Dissipation Barrier: Switching of a Small Josephson Junction

Author: M. Götz, Michel Devoret, Denis Vion, Daniel Esteve, and P. Joyez
Subjects: Josephson effect, Physics, Arrhenius equation, Condensed matter physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Activation energy, Dissipation, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Pi Josephson junction, symbols.namesake, Tunnel junction, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, Metastability, symbols, Dissipation factor
Abstract: An unshunted Josephson tunnel junction switching out of its zero-voltage state is a model system for thermal activation out of a metastable state. For small-capacitance low-critical-current junctions, this thermal activation process follows a generalized Arrhenius law involving dissipation directly in its exponent. This escape over a dissipation barrier can be computed exactly for a junction connected to a {ital RC} impedance providing large damping. The diffusion branch and the switching histograms measured for such a junction are in agreement with theory. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}
Published: 1996
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45. Supercurrent Spectroscopy of Andreev States

Author: Cristian Urbina, Landry Bretheau, Caglar Girit, Daniel Esteve, Hugues Pothier, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CNANO-Ile-de-France, ANR-12-BS04-0016,MASH,Etats de Majorana et d'Andreev dans des circuits hybrides combinant des matériaux magnétiques et supraconducteurs(2012), ANR-09-BLAN-0199,DOC-FLUC,Détection ' on-chip ' des fluctuations quantiques de courant de nano-systèmes(2009), and European Project: 298415,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IIF,DIRACOOPER(2012)
Subjects: QC1-999, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Link (knot theory), [PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Superconductivity, Physics, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Supercurrent, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Quasiparticle, 0210 nano-technology, Microwave, Excitation
Abstract: We measure the excitation spectrum of a superconducting atomic contact. In addition to the usual continuum above the superconducting gap, the single particle excitation spectrum contains discrete, spin-degenerate Andreev levels inside the gap. Quasiparticle excitations are induced by a broadband on-chip microwave source and detected by measuring changes in the supercurrent flowing through the atomic contact. Since microwave photons excite quasiparticles in pairs, two types of transitions are observed: Andreev transitions, which consists of putting two quasiparticles in an Andreev level, and transitions to odd states with a single quasiparticle in an Andreev level and the other one in the continuum. In contrast to absorption spectroscopy, supercurrent spectroscopy allows detection of long-lived odd states., Comment: typos corrected
Published: 2013
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46. Quantum heating of a nonlinear resonator probed by a superconducting qubit

Author: Florian R. Ong, François Mallet, Andrew C. Doherty, Patrice Bertet, Maxime Boissonneault, Alexandre Blais, Daniel Esteve, Denis Vion, Institute for Quantum Computing [Waterloo] (IQC), University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), School of Physics [UNSW Sydney] (UNSW), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain (LPA), Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 266367,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2010-4,SOLID(2011), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fédération de recherche du Département de physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure - ENS Paris (FRDPENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Flux qubit, Quantum Physics, Charge qubit, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Phase qubit, Qubit, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 0103 physical sciences, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 010306 general physics, Quantum, Excitation, Quantum fluctuation, Quantum computer, PACS numbers: 85.25.Cp, 03.67.Lx
Abstract: We measure the quantum fluctuations of a pumped nonlinear resonator using a superconducting artificial atom as an in situ probe. The qubit excitation spectrum gives access to the frequency and amount of excitation of the intracavity field fluctuations, from which we infer its effective temperature. These quantities are found to be in agreement with theoretical predictions; in particular, we experimentally observe the phenomenon of quantum heating.
Published: 2013
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47. Quantum speeding-up of computation demonstrated in a superconducting two-qubit processor

Author: Florian R. Ong, Patrice Bertet, Denis Vion, Pérola Milman, A. Dewes, Daniel Esteve, Vivient Schmitt, and R. Lauro
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Search algorithm, Proof of concept, Quantum mechanics, Computation, Qubit, Transmon, Condensed Matter Physics, Topology, Quantum, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Quantum computer
Abstract: We operate a superconducting quantum processor consisting of two tunable transmon qubits coupled by a swapping interaction, and equipped with nondestructive single-shot readout of the two qubits. With this processor, we run the Grover search algorithm among four objects and find that the correct answer is retrieved after a single run with a success probability between $0.52$ and $0.67$, which is significantly larger than the $0.25$ achieved with a classical algorithm. This constitutes a proof of concept for the quantum speed-up of electrical quantum processors.
Published: 2012
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48. Back-action of a driven nonlinear resonator on a superconducting qubit

Author: Daniel Esteve, Patrice Bertet, Maxime Boissonneault, Alexandre Blais, Denis Vion, Andrew C. Doherty, and Florian R. Ong
Subjects: Physics, Quantum Physics, Flux qubit, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Dephasing, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Phase qubit, Open quantum system, Circuit quantum electrodynamics, Qubit, Quantum electrodynamics, Quantum mechanics, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 0103 physical sciences, Master equation, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), 010306 general physics, Quantum computer
Abstract: We study the backaction of a driven nonlinear resonator on a multi-level superconducting qubit. Using unitary transformations on the multi-level Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian and quantum optics master equation, we derive an analytical model that goes beyond linear response theory. Within the limits of validity of the model, we obtain quantitative agreement with experimental and numerical data, both in the bifurcation and in the parametric amplification regimes of the nonlinear resonator. We show in particular that the measurement-induced dephasing rate of the qubit can be rather small at high drive power. This is in contrast to measurement with a linear resonator where this rate increases with the drive power. Finally, we show that, for typical parameters of circuit quantum electrodynamics, correctly describing measurement-induced dephasing requires a model going beyond linear response theory, such as the one presented here., Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2012
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49. Superconducting Quantum Point Contacts

Author: Marcelo Goffman, P. Joyez, Hugues Pothier, L. Tosi, Caglar Girit, Landry Bretheau, Cristian Urbina, and Daniel Esteve
Subjects: Physics, Josephson effect, Superconductivity, Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases, Condensed matter physics, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, ATOMIC CONTACTS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, Quantum point contact, General Engineering, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, QUANTUM TRANSPORT, FOS: Physical sciences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Quantum transport, Metallic electrode, Quantum mechanics, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Point (geometry), Scattering theory, Quantum
Abstract: We review our experiments on the electronic transport properties of atomic contacts between metallic electrodes, in particular superconducting ones. Despite ignorance of the exact atomic configuration, these ultimate quantum point contacts can be manipulated and well characterized in-situ. They allow performing fundamental tests of the scattering theory of quantum transport. In particular, we discuss the case of the Josephson effect. Nous décrivons un ensemble d'expériences de transport électronique que notre groupe a réalisées sur des contacts atomiques entre des électrodes métalliques, en particulier dans l'état supraconducteur. Bien que leur configuration atomique exacte ne soit pas connue, ces contacts ponctuels quantiques peuvent être manipulés et caractérisés in-situ, et permettent de mener à bien des tests fondamentaux de la théorie en diffusion du transport quantique. Nous discutons en particulier le cas de l'effet Josephson. Fil: Bretheau, L.. Service de Physique de Lʼétat Condensé; Francia Fil: Girit, Ç.. Commissariat A Energie Atomique; Francia Fil: Tosi, Leandro. Commissariat A Energie Atomique; Francia. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Investigación y Aplicaciones No Nucleares. Gerencia de Física (Centro Atómico Bariloche); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Goffman, M.. Commissariat A Energie Atomique; Francia Fil: Joyez, P.. Commissariat A Energie Atomique; Francia Fil: Pothier, H.. Commissariat A Energie Atomique; Francia Fil: Esteve, D.. Commissariat A Energie Atomique; Francia Fil: Urbina, C.. Service de Physique de Lʼétat Condensé; Francia
Published: 2012
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50. Electron spin resonance detected by a superconducting qubit

Author: Yuimaru Kubo, Hiroshi Abe, Alexia Auffèves, Takashi Yamamoto, Igor Diniz, Vincent Jacques, Junichi Isoya, A. Dréau, Jean-François Roch, Patrice Bertet, Hitoshi Sumiya, Shinobu Onoda, Takahide Umeda, Takeshi Ohshima, Denis Vion, Cecile Grezes, Daniel Esteve, Quantronics Group (QUANTRONICS), Service de physique de l'état condensé (SPEC - UMR3680), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Rayonnement Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NPSC), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Research Center for Knowledge Communities, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Electronics and Materials R & D Laboratories, Sumitomo Electric Industries, Electronics and Materials R & D Laboratories, Electronics and Materials R & D laboratories, Sumitomo Electric Industries, Laboratoire de Photonique Quantique et Moléculaire (LPQM), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanophysique et Semiconducteurs (NEEL - NPSC), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Flux qubit, Charge qubit, FOS: Physical sciences, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Phase qubit, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), 010306 general physics, Physics, Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed matter physics, Spins, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Center (category theory), Resonance, Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Transmon, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Qubit, Atomic physics, 0210 nano-technology, Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Abstract: A new method for detecting the magnetic resonance of electronic spins at low temperature is demonstrated. It consists in measuring the signal emitted by the spins with a superconducting qubit that acts as a single-microwave-photon detector, resulting in an enhanced sensitivity. We implement this new type of electron-spin resonance spectroscopy using a hybrid quantum circuit in which a transmon qubit is coupled to a spin ensemble consisting of NV centers in diamond. With this setup we measure the NV center absorption spectrum at 30mK at an excitation level of \thicksim15\,\mu_{B} out of an ensemble of 10^{11} spins., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRX
Published: 2012
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