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350 results on '"Cross section"'

1. Measurements of the Z0/γ⁎ cross section and transverse single spin asymmetry in 510 GeV p + p collisions

Author: M.I. Abdulhamid, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, E.C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S.R. Bhosale, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, C. Broodo, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, A. Khanal, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kumar, M.C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, D. Li, H.-S. Li, H. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, C. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E.M. Loyd, T. Lu, J. Luo, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, R. Manikandhan, S. Margetis, C. Markert, G. McNamara, O. Mezhanska, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, J. Mrazkova, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, S. Pal, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, A. Rana, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, C.W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, B.C. Schaefer, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F.-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, Y. Su, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, M. Svoboda, Z.W. Sweger, A.C. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, S. Trentalange, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, J. Wang, K. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Z0, Cross section, Transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs), Transverse single spin asymmetry (TSSA, AN), Sivers function, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The differential cross section for Z0 production, measured as a function of the boson's transverse momentum (pT), provides important constraints on the evolution of the transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). The transverse single spin asymmetry (TSSA) of the Z0 is sensitive to one of the polarized TMDs, the Sivers function, which is predicted to have the opposite sign in p+p →W/Z+X from that which enters in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering. In this Letter, the STAR Collaboration reports the first measurement of the Z0/γ⁎ differential cross section as a function of its pT in p+p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 510 GeV, together with the Z0/γ⁎ total cross section. We also report the measurement of Z0/γ⁎ TSSA in transversely polarized p+p collisions at 510 GeV.
Published: 2024
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2. Measurement of the muon-neutrino charged-current single charged-pion cross-section on argon with the MicroBooNE detector

Author: Smith, Andrew and Uchida, Melissa
Subjects: Neutrino, Cross section, Physics, MicroBooNE, Charged current single charged pion, CC1Pi
Abstract: Several important questions remain open in the field of neutrino oscillation physics, including the possibility of CP-violation in the lepton sector, the ordering of the neutrino mass states and the possible existence of sterile neutrinos. At present, the ability to answer these questions is limited by uncertainties on neutrino-nucleus interaction cross-section models. Consequently, it is key that these uncertainties are constrained by precise cross-section measurements made using experimental data. The MicroBooNE experiment utilises a 90-tonne active mass Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber to image neutrino interactions at the millimetre scale and is ideally suited to measure complex neutrino-argon interactions. This thesis presents a measurement of the muon-neutrino charged-current single charged pion (CC1π± ) cross-section on argon using data from MicroBooNE in the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam. The total flux-integrated forward-folded cross-section is found to be [22.4 ± 0.9 (stat.) ± 5.2 (syst.)] × 10 −41 cm 2, with an efficiency of [18.8 ± 1.3]% and is consistent with the prediction of the GENIE generator. Additionally, the world's first measurement of the proton-exclusive CC1π ± cross-section is performed with a 300 MeV c−1 proton momentum threshold. Finally, the differential cross-section is extracted with respect to the muon and pion momenta and directions. The pion momentum measurement on argon is also the first to be made. To facilitate these measurements, the Pandora pattern recognition software is employed to identify and reconstruct particle trajectories in MicroBooNE data. A key stage of this process is the identification and removal of cosmic-rays that form the main background to all analyses of neutrino interactions. The approach presented in this thesis is capable of removing 46% of such backgrounds at the cost of only 1.7% of neutrino-induced activity.
Published: 2021
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3. Multipole expansion for the electron-nucleus scattering at high energies in the unified electroweak theory

Author: Z.P. Luong and M.T. Vo
Subjects: Multipole expansion, Form factor, Scattering amplitude, Cross section, Electroweak interactions, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The paper presents the multipole expansion for the electron-nucleus scattering cross section at high energies within the framework of the unified electroweak theory. The electroweak currents of the nucleus are expanded into the simple components with definite angular momenta, called the multipole form factors. The multipole expansion of the cross section is a consequence of the above expansion. Besides the familiar electromagnetic form factors, there are also the vector and axial form factors, respectively, related to weak interactions. To determine multipole form factors, general formulas for the calculation of reduced matrix elements are established using the fractional parentage coefficient method and the multiparticle shell model. Calculation of them enables us to obtain more detailed information about the nuclear structure and elucidate the role played by the weak interaction in the high-energy reaction mechanisms.
Published: 2023
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4. Measurement of the single top quark and antiquark production cross sections in the t channel and their ratio in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

Author: Sirunyan, AM, Tumasyan, A, Adam, W, Ambrogi, F, Asilar, E, Bergauer, T, Brandstetter, J, Dragicevic, M, Erö, J, Escalante Del Valle, A, Flechl, M, Frühwirth, R, Ghete, VM, Hrubec, J, Jeitler, M, Krammer, N, Krätschmer, I, Liko, D, Madlener, T, Mikulec, I, Rad, N, Rohringer, H, Schieck, J, Schöfbeck, R, Spanring, M, Spitzbart, D, Taurok, A, Waltenberger, W, Wittmann, J, Wulz, CE, Zarucki, M, Chekhovsky, V, Mossolov, V, Suarez Gonzalez, J, De Wolf, EA, Di Croce, D, Janssen, X, Lauwers, J, Pieters, M, Van Haevermaet, H, Van Mechelen, P, Van Remortel, N, Abu Zeid, S, Blekman, F, D'Hondt, J, De Clercq, J, Deroover, K, Flouris, G, Lontkovskyi, D, Lowette, S, Marchesini, I, Moortgat, S, Moreels, L, Python, Q, Skovpen, K, Tavernier, S, Van Doninck, W, Van Mulders, P, Van Parijs, I, Beghin, D, Bilin, B, Brun, H, Clerbaux, B, De Lentdecker, G, Delannoy, H, Dorney, B, Fasanella, G, Favart, L, Goldouzian, R, Grebenyuk, A, Kalsi, AK, Lenzi, T, Luetic, J, Postiau, N, Starling, E, Thomas, L, Vander Velde, C, Vanlaer, P, Vannerom, D, Wang, Q, Cornelis, T, Dobur, D, Fagot, A, Gul, M, Khvastunov, I, Poyraz, D, Roskas, C, Trocino, D, Tytgat, M, Verbeke, W, Vermassen, B, Vit, M, Zaganidis, N, Bakhshiansohi, H, Bondu, O, Brochet, S, Bruno, G, Caputo, C, David, P, and Delaere, C
Subjects: CMS, Physics, Top quark, Single top, Cross section, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: Measurements of the cross sections for the production of single top quarks and antiquarks in the t channel, and their ratio, are presented for proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data set used was recorded in 2016 by the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. Events with one muon or electron are selected, and different categories of jet and b jet multiplicity and multivariate discriminators are applied to separate the signal from the background. The cross sections for the t-channel production of single top quarks and antiquarks are measured to be 130±1(stat)±19(syst)pb and 77±1(stat)±12(syst)pb, respectively, and their ratio is 1.68±0.02(stat)±0.05(syst). The results are in agreement with the predictions from the standard model.
Published: 2020

5. Measurement of the single top quark and antiquark production cross sections in the t channel and their ratio in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV

Author: Sirunyan, AM, Tumasyan, A, Adam, W, Ambrogi, F, Asilar, E, Bergauer, T, Brandstetter, J, Dragicevic, M, Erö, J, Del Valle, A Escalante, Flechl, M, Frühwirth, R, Ghete, VM, Hrubec, J, Jeitler, M, Krammer, N, Krätschmer, I, Liko, D, Madlener, T, Mikulec, I, Rad, N, Rohringer, H, Schieck, J, Schöfbeck, R, Spanring, M, Spitzbart, D, Taurok, A, Waltenberger, W, Wittmann, J, Wulz, C-E, Zarucki, M, Chekhovsky, V, Mossolov, V, Gonzalez, J Suarez, De Wolf, EA, Di Croce, D, Janssen, X, Lauwers, J, Pieters, M, Van Haevermaet, H, Van Mechelen, P, Van Remortel, N, Abu Zeid, S, Blekman, F, D'Hondt, J, De Clercq, J, Deroover, K, Flouris, G, Lontkovskyi, D, Lowette, S, Marchesini, I, Moortgat, S, Moreels, L, Python, Q, Skovpen, K, Tavernier, S, Van Doninck, W, Van Mulders, P, Van Parijs, I, Beghin, D, Bilin, B, Brun, H, Clerbaux, B, De Lentdecker, G, Delannoy, H, Dorney, B, Fasanella, G, Favart, L, Goldouzian, R, Grebenyuk, A, Kalsi, AK, Lenzi, T, Luetic, J, Postiau, N, Starling, E, Thomas, L, Vander Velde, C, Vanlaer, P, Vannerom, D, Wang, Q, Cornelis, T, Dobur, D, Fagot, A, Gul, M, Khvastunov, I, Poyraz, D, Roskas, C, Trocino, D, Tytgat, M, Verbeke, W, Vermassen, B, Vit, M, Zaganidis, N, Bakhshiansohi, H, Bondu, O, Brochet, S, Bruno, G, Caputo, C, David, P, and Delaere, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, CMS, Physics, Top quark, Single top, Cross section, hep-ex, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: Measurements of the cross sections for the production of single top quarks and antiquarks in the t channel, and their ratio, are presented for proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The data set used was recorded in 2016 by the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. Events with one muon or electron are selected, and different categories of jet and b jet multiplicity and multivariate discriminators are applied to separate the signal from the background. The cross sections for the t-channel production of single top quarks and antiquarks are measured to be 130±1(stat)±19(syst)pb and 77±1(stat)±12(syst)pb, respectively, and their ratio is 1.68±0.02(stat)±0.05(syst). The results are in agreement with the predictions from the standard model.
Published: 2020

6. A Study of Photoneutron Reactions Using Statistical Analysis

Author: Deniz Canbula and Bora Canbula
Subjects: nuclear level density models, cross section, γ-ray strength functions, photoneutron reactions, talys, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The well-known inputs for determining the reaction cross section are nuclear level density (NLD) and -ray strength functions. In this work, effects of -ray strength functions and NLD models on photoneutron reactions of 76,77,78Se isotopes are analyzed by using the latest version of TALYS computer code. For -ray strength functions, macroscopic and microscopic options which are available in the TALYS, are used in the calculations. Kopecky-Uhl and Brink Axel -ray strength function models as macroscopic options, Hartree-Fock BCS tables, Hartree-Fock Bogolyubov tables and Goriely’s hybrid model as microscopic options are preferred. The statistical analysis is carried out to determine the -ray strength function that reproduces the experimental data quite well. And then, calculations of photoneutron cross section are redone by using the determined -ray strength function via the NLD models. The Constant Temperature Model (CTM), Back Shifted Fermi Gas Model (BSFGM) and Generalized Superfluid Model (GSM) are preferred to use in NLD calculations. The predictions are compared with each other and the available experimental data. EXFOR library is used to take all experimental data.
Published: 2022
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7. A review of the low-energy K−-nucleus/nuclei interactions with light nuclei AMADEUS investigations

Author: Magdalena Skurzok, Michael Cargnelli, Raffaele del Grande, Laura Fabbietti, Carlo Guaraldo, Johann Marton, Paweł Moskal, Kristian Piscicchia, Alessandro Scordo, Michał Silarski, Diana Laura Sirghi, Oton Vazquez Doce, Johann Zmeskal, Sławomir Wycech, Paolo Branchini, Eryk Czerwiński, Xiaolin Kang, Giuseppe Mandaglio, Matteo Martini, Andrea Selce, and Catalina Curceanu
Subjects: strangeness, kaon absorption, antikaon interactions in nuclear matter, strong interaction, cross section, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The AMADEUS Collaboration conducts research aimed to experimentally investigate the low-energy K− hadronic interactions with light nuclei like hydrogen, helium, and carbon, in order to provide new constraints to the antikaon-nucleon strong interaction studies in the non-perturbative quantum chromodynamics regime. K− nuclear absorption, both at-rest and in-flight, are explored using the unique low-momentum and monochromatic kaon beam from the DAΦNE collider interacting with the KLOE detector components, a detector characterized by high acceptance and excellent position and momentum resolutions. This paper presents an overview of the AMADEUS results.
Published: 2023
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8. A Modified Slicing Method with Multi-Dimensional Unfolding to Measure Hadron-Argon Cross Sections

Author: Yinrui Liu
Subjects: hadron beam, liquid argon, cross section, slicing method, multi-dimensional unfolding, Physics, QC1-999, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Liquid argon technology is widely used by many previous and current neutrino experiments, and it is also promising for future large-scale neutrino experiments. When detecting neutrinos using liquid argon, many hadrons are involved, which can also interact with argon nuclei. In order to gain a better understanding of the detection processes, and to simulate neutrino events, knowledge of hadron-argon cross sections is needed. This paper describes a new procedure which improves upon the previous work with multi-dimensional unfolding to measure hadron-argon cross sections in a liquid argon time projection chamber. Through a simplified version of simulation, we demonstrate the validity of this procedure.
Published: 2024
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9. Research Paper: Simulated Calculation of Scattering Cross Section of Proton-Deuteron to Helium-Pion Chain Decay Using Chiral Perturbation Theory

Author: Mojtaba Goodarzi
Subjects: scattering amplitude, cross section, three- body forces, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In this research, the chiral perturbation theory and the mechanism of three-body forces, which are of great importance, are employed through simulations to investigate the chain interaction. In the following, important parameters such as scattering amplitude ratio, decay rate, and scattering cross section of this decay have been calculated. Due to the fact that in nuclear processes, accuracy up to the next to leading order (NLO) can reduce the error rate to a high extent, the calculations performed in this research have been done up to (NLO). The obtained results are highly consistent with the experimental results.
Published: 2022
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10. Electron Impact Cross Sections and Transport Studies of C3F6O

Author: Nidhi Sinha, Mi-Young Song, Hyonu Chang, Heechol Choi, Hyun-Jae Jang, Yeon-Ho Oh, and Ki-Dong Song
Subjects: cross section, transport study, rate coefficient, dielectric strength, synergistic effect, breakdown voltage, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Electron impact scattering from C3F6O is studied in this work. The R-matrix method was used for the calculations of elastic, momentum transfer, and excitation cross sections. The attachment cross section was obtained through a parametric estimator based on the R-matrix outputs. The Binary-Encounter-Bethe (BEB) method was used for computing the ionization cross section. The obtained cross section set was used for the transport studies using the BOLSIG+ code, which is a two-term Boltzmann equation solver. The present calculation was performed for steady-state Townsend experimental conditions for E/N, covering a range of 100–1000 Td. The critical dielectric strength of pure C3F6O was found to be 475 Td, which is much greater than that of SF6 (355 Td). The effect of the addition of different buffer gases, such as CO2, N2, and O2, was also examined. For the C3F6O–CO2, C3F6O–N2, and C3F6O–O2 mixtures with 65%, 55%, and 60% C3F6O, respectively, the critical dielectric strength was determined to be essentially the same as that of pure SF6. The presence of synergism was confirmed for these gas mixtures. We further derived the Paschen curve using a fitting method with the transport parameters as the basic inputs. The minimum breakdown voltage of C3F6O accounted for only 55% of that of SF6. The buffer gas mixture improved the condition; however, the performance of CO2 and O2 mixtures was not satisfactory. The addition of N2 as the buffer gas significantly improved the breakdown property of the gas. The mixture of ≥99% of N2 or ≤1% of C3F6O gave a better breakdown characteristic than SF6. Any proportion ≥90% of N2 or ≤10% of C3F6O was suitable in the higher pressure ranges. The present work demonstrates the potential of C3F6O as a substitute gas for SF6 with a negligible environmental threat.
Published: 2023
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11. Measurement of differential cross sections for Z boson production in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

Author: Sirunyan, AM, Tumasyan, A, Adam, W, Ambrogi, F, Asilar, E, Bergauer, T, Brandstetter, J, Brondolin, E, Dragicevic, M, Erö, J, Del Valle, A Escalante, Flechl, M, Friedl, M, Frühwirth, R, Ghete, VM, Hrubec, J, Jeitler, M, Krammer, N, Krätschmer, I, Liko, D, Madlener, T, Mikulec, I, Rad, N, Rohringer, H, Schieck, J, Schöfbeck, R, Spanring, M, Spitzbart, D, Taurok, A, Waltenberger, W, Wittmann, J, Wulz, C-E, Zarucki, M, Chekhovsky, V, Mossolov, V, Gonzalez, J Suarez, De Wolf, EA, Di Croce, D, Janssen, X, Lauwers, J, Pieters, M, Van De Klundert, M, Van Haevermaet, H, Van Mechelen, P, Van Remortel, N, Zeid, S Abu, Blekman, F, D’Hondt, J, De Bruyn, I, De Clercq, J, Deroover, K, Flouris, G, Lontkovskyi, D, Lowette, S, Marchesini, I, Moortgat, S, Moreels, L, Python, Q, Skovpen, K, Tavernier, S, Van Doninck, W, Van Mulders, P, Van Parijs, I, Beghin, D, Bilin, B, Brun, H, Clerbaux, B, De Lentdecker, G, Delannoy, H, Dorney, B, Fasanella, G, Favart, L, Goldouzian, R, Grebenyuk, A, Kalsi, AK, Lenzi, T, Luetic, J, Seva, T, Starling, E, Velde, C Vander, Vanlaer, P, Vannerom, D, Cornelis, T, Dobur, D, Fagot, A, Gul, M, Khvastunov, I, Poyraz, D, Roskas, C, Trocino, D, Tytgat, M, Verbeke, W, Vermassen, B, Vit, M, Zaganidis, N, Bakhshiansohi, H, Bondu, O, Brochet, S, Bruno, G, and Caputo, C
Subjects: CMS, Physics, Standard model, Cross section, Z boson, Jets, Proton, LHC, Publications Committee CMS_Collaboration, hep-ex, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract: The production of a Z boson, decaying to two charged leptons, in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is measured. Data recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC are used that correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.19 fb-1 . The cross section is measured as a function of the jet multiplicity and its dependence on the transverse momentum of the Z boson, the jet kinematic variables (transverse momentum and rapidity), the scalar sum of the jet momenta, which quantifies the hadronic activity, and the balance in transverse momentum between the reconstructed jet recoil and the Z boson. The measurements are compared with predictions from four different calculations. The first two merge matrix elements with different parton multiplicities in the final state and parton showering, one of which includes one-loop corrections. The third is a fixed-order calculation with next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy for the process with a Z boson and one parton in the final state. The fourth combines the fully differential next-to-next-to-leading order calculation of the process with no parton in the final state with next-to-next-to-leading logarithm resummation and parton showering.
Published: 2018

12. Elemental fragmentation cross sections for a 16O beam of 400 MeV/u kinetic energy interacting with a graphite target using the FOOT ΔE-TOF detectors

Author: M. Toppi, A. Sarti, A. Alexandrov, B. Alpat, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, R. A Diaz, M. Barbanera, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, N. Belcari, S. Biondi, M. G. Bisogni, M. Bon, G. Bruni, P. Carra, F. Cavanna, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. Clozza, S. Colombi, G. De Lellis, A. De Gregorio, A. Del Guerra, M. De Simoni, A. Di Crescenzo, B. Di Ruzza, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, V. Ferrero, E. Fiandrini, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Fischetti, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Franciosini, G. Galati, L. Galli, G. Giraudo, R. Hetzel, E. Iarocci, M. Ionica, A. Iuliano, K. Kanxheri, A.C. Kraan, C. La Tessa, M. Laurenza, A. Lauria, E. L Torres, M. Marafini, M. Massa, C. Massimi, I. Mattei, A. Meneghetti, A. Mengarelli, R. Mirabelli, A. Moggi, M.C. Montesi, M.C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, F. Murtas, A. Muscato, A. Pastore, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, F. Peverini, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, L. Ramello, C. Reidel, R. Ridolfi, V. Rosso, C. Sanelli, G. Sartorelli, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, A. Sécher, M. Selvi, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, G. Sportelli, A. Stahl, S. Tomassini, F. Tommasino, V. Tioukov, G. Traini, A. Trigilio, S.M. Valle, M. Vanstalle, U. Weber, R. Zarrella, A. Zoccoli, and M. Villa
Subjects: fragmentation, cross section, timing detectors, particle therapy, space radioprotection, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The study of nuclear fragmentation plays a central role in many important applications: from the study of Particle Therapy (PT) up to radiation protection for space (RPS) missions and the design of shielding for nuclear reactors. The FragmentatiOn Of Target (FOOT) collaboration aims to study the nuclear reactions that describe the interactions with matter of different light ions (like H1, He4, C12, O16) of interest for such applications, performing double differential fragmentation cross section measurements in the energy range of interest for PT and RPS. In this manuscript, we present the analysis of the data collected in the interactions of an oxygen ion beam of 400 MeV/u with a graphite target using a partial FOOT setup, at the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research facility in Darmstadt. During the data taking the magnets, the silicon trackers and the calorimeter foreseen in the final FOOT setup were not yet available, and hence precise measurements of the fragments kinetic energy, momentum and mass were not possible. However, using the FOOT scintillator detectors for the time of flight (TOF) and energy loss (ΔE) measurements together with a drift chamber, used as beam monitor, it was possible to measure the elemental fragmentation cross sections. The reduced detector set-up and the limited available statistics allowed anyway to obtain relevant results, providing statistically significant measurements of cross sections eagerly needed for PT and RPS applications. Whenever possible the obtained results have been compared with existing measurements helping in discriminating between conflicting results in the literature and demonstrating at the same time the proper functioning of the FOOT ΔE-TOF system. Finally, the obtained fragmentation cross sections are compared to the Monte Carlo predictions obtained with the FLUKA software.
Published: 2022
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13. Features of the Internal Force Factors Distribution in Reinforced Concrete Piles of Complex Cross Section under the Influence of a Transverse Load

Author: Albert Prokopov, Alexander Akopyan, Anton Chepurnenko, Elizaveta Rusakova, and Vladimir Akopyan
Subjects: pile, bar structures, cross section, shear stresses, transverse reinforcement, deformations, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Bar reinforced concrete structures, which include piles, in real working conditions perceive a whole range of internal force factors. Axial tension-compression forces, bending moments and shear forces are the most commonly perceived internal force factors. Of particular interest is the effect on the cross section of the shear force. If a complex curly shape is replaced by elementary form, then the calculation is not difficult. However, when calculating the composite cross section, there is no unambiguous solution. In accordance with the adopted regulatory documentation, it is necessary to accept only a main part, while discarding the surrounding areas. It is important to study the configuration of the shape of a complex section for the perception of a shear force. The purpose of the work was to refine the account of the entire complex section using numerical simulation by the finite element method, analytical calculations and small-scale experiments. Determination of further practical application of the obtained results on real structures was also the goal of the study. The parameters of the distribution of shear force between the main rib and flanges were obtained by numerical analysis and small-scale experiments. Numerical models of rectangular and tee cross sections beams have been developed. Analytical dependences were studied and full-scale tests of reinforced concrete beams of various sections were carried out. It has been established that when taking into account the work of the entire cross-section, the bearing capacity of concrete for the action of a shear force is 20% greater than when calculating only the main section without taking into account the shelves.
Published: 2023
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14. A generalized scattering theory in quantum mechanics

Author: Huai-Yu Wang
Subjects: generalized scattering theory, transition probability, cross section, retarded wave function, retarded green’s function, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In quantum mechanics textbooks, a single-particle scattering theory is introduced. In the present work, a generalized scattering theory is presented, which can be in principle applied to the scattering problems of arbitrary number of particle. In laboratory frame, a generalized Lippmann-Schwinger scattering equation is derived. We emphasized that the derivation is rigorous, even for treating infinitesimals. No manual operation such as analytical continuation is allowed. In the case that before scattering N particles are plane waves and after the scattering they are new plane waves, the transition amplitude and transition probability are given and the generalized S matrix is presented. It is proved that the transition probability from a set of plane waves to a new set of plane waves of the N particles equal to that of the reciprocal process. The generalized theory is applied to the cases of one- and two-particle scattering as two examples. When applied to single-particle scattering problems, our generalized formalism degrades to that usually seen in the literature. When our generalized theory is applied to two-particle scattering problems, the formula of the transition probability of two-particle collision is given. It is shown that the transition probability of the scattering of two free particles is identical to that of the reciprocal process. This transition probability and the identity are needed in deriving Boltzmann transport equation in statistical mechanics. The case of identical particles is also discussed.
Published: 2023
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15. Laser-assisted charged Higgs pair production in Inert Higgs Doublet Model (IHDM)

Author: M. Ouali, M. Ouhammou, S. Taj, B. Manaut, and R. Benbrik
Subjects: Standard model and beyond, Electroweak interaction, Laser-assisted processes, Cross section, IHDM, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The production of a pair of charged Higgs bosons from e+e− annihilation in the presence of a circularly polarized laser field is investigated in Inert Higgs doublet Model (IHDM) at e+e− colliders. We have derived the analytical expression for the laser-assisted differential cross section by using the Dirac-Volkov formalism at leading order including the Z and γ diagrams. Since the laser-free cross section of this process depends, in the lowest order, only on the mass of the charged Higgs boson and the energy of the center of mass, we have analyzed the dependence of the total laser-assisted cross section on these parameters and also on the laser parameters such as the number of photons exchanged, the laser field intensity and its frequency. The results found indicate that the electromagnetic field decreases the order of magnitude of the total cross section as much as the laser field intensity increases or by decreasing its frequency. Moreover, it becomes high for low charged Higgs masses and low center of mass energies.
Published: 2021
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16. Numerical Analysis of Fusion Cross Section of (_^16)O+(_^16)O by Using The Modified Glas-Mosel Formula

Author: Yacobus Yulianto and Zaki Su'ud
Subjects: glas-mosel formula, fusion reaction, cross section, light nuclei, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: One of the interesting topics in nuclear reactions is a study about reaction cross section between the interacting nuclei. For calculating fusion cross section, the Glas-Mosel formula has been proven successfully in explaining the experimental results of fusion cross section. In this study, the fusion cross sections of O16+O16 reaction were calculated by using modified Glas-Mosel formula. The energies were set at 10≤𝐸≤40 MeV. The potential of interacting nuclei was approached by using Woods-Saxon potential. In numerical process, the differential equations were solved by using finite different method and optimization process was performed by using Nelder-Mead method. Good agreement between the experimental and this study results has been achieved successfully. Referring those results above, it can be indicated that the modified Glas-Mosel formula has good capability to explain the experimental results of fusion reaction of light nuclei. It can be a useful tool in explaining the experimental results or in predicting fusion cross section of light nuclei.
Published: 2019
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17. Numerical Study of Fusion Cross Sections for 12C+12C and 16O+16O Reactions by Using Wong Formula

Author: Yacobus Yulianto and Zaki Zu'ud
Subjects: wong formula, fusion reaction, cross section, light nuclei, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The height of the barrier between the interacting nuclei is one of the interesting topics in nuclear reaction, especially in charged-particle nuclear reactions. Wong formula is one method that can be used to perform such study, especially about fusion cross section. Therefore, a study about fusion cross sections of some light nuclei with Wong formula becomes very interesting to be performed. In this study, the fusion cross sections of 12C+12C and 16O+16O reactions have been calculated by using Wong formula at 12
Published: 2018
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18. Measurements of Σ+ and Σ− time-like electromagnetic form factors for center-of-mass energies from 2.3864 to 3.0200 GeV

Author: M. Ablikim, M.N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, S. Ahmed, M. Albrecht, A. Amoroso, Q. An, Anita, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, R. Baldini Ferroli, I. Balossino, Y. Ban, K. Begzsuren, J.V. Bennett, N. Berger, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, J. Biernat, J. Bloms, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R.A. Briere, H. Cai, X. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G.F. Cao, N. Cao, S.A. Cetin, J.F. Chang, W.L. Chang, G. Chelkov, D.Y. Chen, G. Chen, H.S. Chen, M.L. Chen, S.J. Chen, X.R. Chen, Y.B. Chen, W. Cheng, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, X.F. Cui, H.L. Dai, J.P. Dai, X.C. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R.B. de Boer, D. Dedovich, Z.Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, Y. Ding, C. Dong, J. Dong, L.Y. Dong, M.Y. Dong, S.X. Du, J. Fang, S.S. Fang, Y. Fang, R. Farinelli, L. Fava, F. Feldbauer, G. Felici, C.Q. Feng, M. Fritsch, C.D. Fu, Y. Fu, X.L. Gao, Y. Gao, Y.G. Gao, I. Garzia, E.M. Gersabeck, A. Gilman, K. Goetzen, L. Gong, W.X. Gong, W. Gradl, M. Greco, L.M. Gu, M.H. Gu, S. Gu, Y.T. Gu, C.Y. Guan, A.Q. Guo, L.B. Guo, R.P. Guo, Y.P. Guo, A. Guskov, S. Han, T.T. Han, T.Z. Han, X.Q. Hao, F.A. Harris, K.L. He, F.H. Heinsius, T. Held, Y.K. Heng, M. Himmelreich, T. Holtmann, Y.R. Hou, Z.L. Hou, H.M. Hu, J.F. Hu, T. Hu, Y. Hu, G.S. Huang, L.Q. Huang, X.T. Huang, Z. Huang, N. Huesken, T. Hussain, W. Ikegami Andersson, W. Imoehl, M. Irshad, S. Jaeger, S. Janchiv, Q. Ji, Q.P. Ji, X.B. Ji, X.L. Ji, H.B. Jiang, X.S. Jiang, X.Y. Jiang, J.B. Jiao, Z. Jiao, S. Jin, Y. Jin, T. Johansson, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, X.S. Kang, R. Kappert, M. Kavatsyuk, B.C. Ke, I.K. Keshk, A. Khoukaz, P. Kiese, R. Kiuchi, R. Kliemt, L. Koch, O.B. Kolcu, B. Kopf, M. Kuemmel, M. Kuessner, A. Kupsc, M.G. Kurth, W. Kühn, J.J. Lane, J.S. Lange, P. Larin, L. Lavezzi, H. Leithoff, M. Lellmann, T. Lenz, C. Li, C.H. Li, Cheng Li, D.M. Li, F. Li, G. Li, H.B. Li, H.J. Li, J.L. Li, J.Q. Li, Ke Li, L.K. Li, Lei Li, P.L. Li, P.R. Li, S.Y. Li, W.D. Li, W.G. Li, X.H. Li, X.L. Li, Z.B. Li, Z.Y. Li, H. Liang, Y.F. Liang, Y.T. Liang, L.Z. Liao, J. Libby, C.X. Lin, B. Liu, B.J. Liu, C.X. Liu, D. Liu, D.Y. Liu, F.H. Liu, Fang Liu, Feng Liu, H.B. Liu, H.M. Liu, Huanhuan Liu, Huihui Liu, J.B. Liu, J.Y. Liu, K. Liu, K.Y. Liu, Ke Liu, L. Liu, Q. Liu, S.B. Liu, Shuai Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y.B. Liu, Z.A. Liu, Z.Q. Liu, Y.F. Long, X.C. Lou, F.X. Lu, H.J. Lu, J.D. Lu, J.G. Lu, X.L. Lu, Y. Lu, Y.P. Lu, C.L. Luo, M.X. Luo, P.W. Luo, T. Luo, X.L. Luo, S. Lusso, X.R. Lyu, F.C. Ma, H.L. Ma, L.L. Ma, M.M. Ma, Q.M. Ma, R.Q. Ma, R.T. Ma, X.N. Ma, X.X. Ma, X.Y. Ma, Y.M. Ma, F.E. Maas, M. Maggiora, S. Maldaner, S. Malde, Q.A. Malik, A. Mangoni, Y.J. Mao, Z.P. Mao, S. Marcello, Z.X. Meng, J.G. Messchendorp, G. Mezzadri, T.J. Min, R.E. Mitchell, X.H. Mo, Y.J. Mo, N.Yu. Muchnoi, H. Muramatsu, S. Nakhoul, Y. Nefedov, F. Nerling, I.B. Nikolaev, Z. Ning, S. Nisar, S.L. Olsen, Q. Ouyang, S. Pacetti, X. Pan, Y. Pan, A. Pathak, P. Patteri, M. Pelizaeus, H.P. Peng, K. Peters, J. Pettersson, J.L. Ping, R.G. Ping, A. Pitka, R. Poling, V. Prasad, H. Qi, H.R. Qi, M. Qi, T.Y. Qi, S. Qian, W.-B. Qian, Z. Qian, C.F. Qiao, L.Q. Qin, X.P. Qin, X.S. Qin, Z.H. Qin, J.F. Qiu, S.Q. Qu, K.H. Rashid, K. Ravindran, C.F. Redmer, A. Rivetti, V. Rodin, M. Rolo, G. Rong, Ch. Rosner, M. Rump, A. Sarantsev, M. Savrié, Y. Schelhaas, C. Schnier, K. Schoenning, D.C. Shan, W. Shan, X.Y. Shan, M. Shao, C.P. Shen, P.X. Shen, X.Y. Shen, H.C. Shi, R.S. Shi, X. Shi, X.D. Shi, J.J. Song, Q.Q. Song, W.M. Song, Y.X. Song, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, F.F. Sui, G.X. Sun, J.F. Sun, L. Sun, S.S. Sun, T. Sun, W.Y. Sun, Y.J. Sun, Y.K. Sun, Y.Z. Sun, Z.T. Sun, Y.H. Tan, Y.X. Tan, C.J. Tang, G.Y. Tang, J. Tang, V. Thoren, B. Tsednee, I. Uman, B. Wang, B.L. Wang, C.W. Wang, D.Y. Wang, H.P. Wang, K. Wang, L.L. Wang, M. Wang, M.Z. Wang, Meng Wang, W.H. Wang, W.P. Wang, X. Wang, X.F. Wang, X.L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y.D. Wang, Y.F. Wang, Y.Q. Wang, Z. Wang, Z.Y. Wang, Ziyi Wang, Zongyuan Wang, T. Weber, D.H. Wei, P. Weidenkaff, F. Weidner, S.P. Wen, D.J. White, U. Wiedner, G. Wilkinson, M. Wolke, L. Wollenberg, J.F. Wu, L.H. Wu, L.J. Wu, X. Wu, Z. Wu, L. Xia, H. Xiao, S.Y. Xiao, Y.J. Xiao, Z.J. Xiao, X.H. Xie, Y.G. Xie, Y.H. Xie, T.Y. Xing, X.A. Xiong, G.F. Xu, J.J. Xu, Q.J. Xu, W. Xu, X.P. Xu, L. Yan, W.B. Yan, W.C. Yan, Xu Yan, H.J. Yang, H.X. Yang, L. Yang, R.X. Yang, S.L. Yang, Y.H. Yang, Y.X. Yang, Yifan Yang, Zhi Yang, M. Ye, M.H. Ye, J.H. Yin, Z.Y. You, B.X. Yu, C.X. Yu, G. Yu, J.S. Yu, T. Yu, C.Z. Yuan, W. Yuan, X.Q. Yuan, Y. Yuan, Z.Y. Yuan, C.X. Yue, A. Yuncu, A.A. Zafar, Y. Zeng, B.X. Zhang, Guangyi Zhang, H.H. Zhang, H.Y. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, J.Q. Zhang, J.W. Zhang, J.Y. Zhang, J.Z. Zhang, Jianyu Zhang, Jiawei Zhang, L. Zhang, Lei Zhang, S. Zhang, S.F. Zhang, T.J. Zhang, X.Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y.H. Zhang, Y.T. Zhang, Yan Zhang, Yao Zhang, Yi Zhang, Z.H. Zhang, Z.Y. Zhang, G. Zhao, J. Zhao, J.Y. Zhao, J.Z. Zhao, Lei Zhao, Ling Zhao, M.G. Zhao, Q. Zhao, S.J. Zhao, Y.B. Zhao, Y.X. Zhao Zhao, Z.G. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, J.P. Zheng, Y. Zheng, Y.H. Zheng, B. Zhong, C. Zhong, L.P. Zhou, Q. Zhou, X. Zhou, X.K. Zhou, X.R. Zhou, A.N. Zhu, J. Zhu, K. Zhu, K.J. Zhu, S.H. Zhu, W.J. Zhu, X.L. Zhu, Y.C. Zhu, Z.A. Zhu, B.S. Zou, and J.H. Zou
Subjects: BESIII, Σ hyperon, Cross section, Electromagnetic form factor, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The Born cross sections of the e+e−→Σ+Σ¯− and e+e−→Σ−Σ¯+ processes are determined for center-of-mass energy from 2.3864 to 3.0200 GeV with the BESIII detector. The cross section lineshapes can be described properly by a pQCD function and the resulting ratio of effective form factors for the Σ+ and Σ− is consistent with 3. In addition, ratios of the Σ+ electric and magnetic form factors, |GE/GM|, are obtained at three center-of-mass energies through an analysis of the angular distributions. These measurements, which are studied for the first time in the off-resonance region, provide precision experimental input for understanding baryonic structure. The observed new features of the Σ± form factors require more theoretical discussions for the hyperons.
Published: 2021
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19. Measuring the Impact of Nuclear Interaction in Particle Therapy and in Radio Protection in Space: the FOOT Experiment

Author: Giuseppe Battistoni, Marco Toppi, Vincenzo Patera, and The FOOT Collaboration
Subjects: particle therapy, space radioprotection, fragmentation, cross section, nuclear interactions, protons RBE, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In Charged Particle Therapy (PT) proton or 12C beams are used to treat deep-seated solid tumors exploiting the advantageous characteristics of charged particles energy deposition in matter. For such projectiles, the maximum of the dose is released at the end of the beam range, in the Bragg peak region, where the tumour is located. However, the nuclear interactions of the beam nuclei with the patient tissues can induce the fragmentation of projectiles and/or target nuclei and needs to be carefully taken into account when planning the treatment. In proton treatments, the target fragmentation produces low energy, short range fragments along all the beam path, that deposit a non-negligible dose especially in the first crossed tissues. On the other hand, in treatments performed using 12C, or other (4He or 16O) ions of interest, the main concern is related to the production of long range fragments that can release their dose in the healthy tissues beyond the Bragg peak. Understanding nuclear fragmentation processes is of interest also for radiation protection in human space flight applications, in view of deep space missions. In particular 4He and high-energy charged particles, mainly 12C, 16O, 28Si and 56Fe, provide the main source of absorbed dose in astronauts outside the atmosphere. The nuclear fragmentation properties of the materials used to build the spacecrafts need to be known with high accuracy in order to optimise the shielding against the space radiation. The study of the impact of these processes, which is of interest both for PT and space radioprotection applications, suffers at present from the limited experimental precision achieved on the relevant nuclear cross sections that compromise the reliability of the available computational models. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) collaboration, composed of researchers from France, Germany, Italy and Japan, designed an experiment to study these nuclear processes and measure the corresponding fragmentation cross sections. In this work we discuss the physics motivations of FOOT, describing in detail the present detector design and the expected performances, coming from the optimization studies based on accurate FLUKA MC simulations and preliminary beam test results. The measurements planned will be also presented.
Published: 2021
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20. Measurement of differential cross sections for $${\text {Z}}$$ Z boson production in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s} = 13\,\text {TeV} $$ s=13TeV

Author: A. M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, F. Ambrogi, E. Asilar, T. Bergauer, J. Brandstetter, E. Brondolin, M. Dragicevic, J. Erö, A. Escalante Del Valle, M. Flechl, M. Friedl, R. Frühwirth, V. M. Ghete, J. Hrubec, M. Jeitler, N. Krammer, I. Krätschmer, D. Liko, T. Madlener, I. Mikulec, N. Rad, H. Rohringer, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, M. Spanring, D. Spitzbart, A. Taurok, W. Waltenberger, J. Wittmann, C.-E. Wulz, M. Zarucki, V. Chekhovsky, V. Mossolov, J. Suarez Gonzalez, E. A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, J. Lauwers, M. Pieters, M. Van De Klundert, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, N. Van Remortel, S. Abu Zeid, F. Blekman, J. D’Hondt, I. De Bruyn, J. De Clercq, K. Deroover, G. Flouris, D. Lontkovskyi, S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, L. Moreels, Q. Python, K. Skovpen, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders, I. Van Parijs, D. Beghin, B. Bilin, H. Brun, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, H. Delannoy, B. Dorney, G. Fasanella, L. Favart, R. Goldouzian, A. Grebenyuk, A. K. Kalsi, T. Lenzi, J. Luetic, T. Seva, E. Starling, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom, T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, A. Fagot, M. Gul, I. Khvastunov, D. Poyraz, C. Roskas, D. Trocino, M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, B. Vermassen, M. Vit, N. Zaganidis, H. Bakhshiansohi, O. Bondu, S. Brochet, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, P. David, C. Delaere, M. Delcourt, B. Francois, A. Giammanco, G. Krintiras, V. Lemaitre, A. Magitteri, A. Mertens, M. Musich, K. Piotrzkowski, A. Saggio, M. Vidal Marono, S. Wertz, J. Zobec, W. L. Aldá Júnior, F. L. Alves, G. A. Alves, L. Brito, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, A. Moraes, M. E. Pol, P. Rebello Teles, E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, E. Coelho, E. M. Da Costa, G. G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, H. Malbouisson, M. Medina Jaime, M. Melo De Almeida, C. Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, L. J. Sanchez Rosas, A. Santoro, A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, E. J. Tonelli Manganote, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, A. Vilela Pereira, S. Ahuja, C. A. Bernardes, L. Calligaris, T. R. Fernandez Perez Tomei, E. M. Gregores, P. G. Mercadante, S. F. Novaes, Sandra S. Padula, D. Romero Abad, J. C. Ruiz Vargas, A. Aleksandrov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, A. Marinov, M. Misheva, M. Rodozov, M. Shopova, G. Sultanov, A. Dimitrov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, W. Fang, X. Gao, L. Yuan, M. Ahmad, J. G. Bian, G. M. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. Chen, Y. Chen, C. H. Jiang, D. Leggat, H. Liao, Z. Liu, F. Romeo, S. M. Shaheen, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, C. Wang, Z. Wang, E. Yazgan, H. Zhang, J. Zhao, Y. Ban, G. Chen, J. Li, Q. Li, S. Liu, Y. Mao, S. J. Qian, D. Wang, Z. Xu, Y. Wang, C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C. A. Carrillo Montoya, L. F. Chaparro Sierra, C. Florez, C. F. González Hernández, M. A. Segura Delgado, B. Courbon, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak, T. Sculac, Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac, V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, K. Kadija, B. Mesic, A. Starodumov, T. Susa, M. W. Ather, A. Attikis, G. Mavromanolakis, J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos, P. A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski, M. Finger, E. Carrera Jarrin, A. Mohamed, Y. Mohammed, E. Salama, S. Bhowmik, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, R. K. Dewanjee, M. Kadastik, L. Perrini, M. Raidal, C. Veelken, P. Eerola, H. Kirschenmann, J. Pekkanen, M. Voutilainen, J. Havukainen, J. K. Heikkilä, T. Järvinen, V. Karimäki, R. Kinnunen, T. Lampén, K. Lassila-Perini, S. Laurila, S. Lehti, T. Lindén, P. Luukka, T. Mäenpää, H. Siikonen, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi, T. Tuuva, M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J. L. Faure, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour, A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, C. Leloup, E. Locci, M. Machet, J. Malcles, G. Negro, J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M. Ö. Sahin, M. Titov, A. Abdulsalam, C. Amendola, I. Antropov, S. Baffioni, F. Beaudette, P. Busson, L. Cadamuro, C. Charlot, R. Granier de Cassagnac, M. Jo, I. Kucher, S. Lisniak, A. Lobanov, J. Martin Blanco, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, G. Ortona, P. Paganini, P. Pigard, R. Salerno, J. B. Sauvan, Y. 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Clare, J. Ellison, J. W. Gary, S. M. A. Ghiasi Shirazi, G. Hanson, G. Karapostoli, E. Kennedy, F. Lacroix, O. R. Long, M. Olmedo Negrete, M. I. Paneva, W. Si, L. Wang, H. Wei, S. Wimpenny, B. R. Yates, J. G. Branson, S. Cittolin, M. Derdzinski, R. Gerosa, D. Gilbert, B. Hashemi, A. Holzner, D. Klein, G. Kole, V. Krutelyov, J. Letts, M. Masciovecchio, D. Olivito, S. Padhi, M. Pieri, M. Sani, V. Sharma, S. Simon, M. Tadel, A. Vartak, S. Wasserbaech, J. Wood, F. Würthwein, A. Yagil, G. Zevi Della Porta, N. Amin, R. Bhandari, J. Bradmiller-Feld, C. Campagnari, M. Citron, A. Dishaw, V. Dutta, M. Franco Sevilla, L. Gouskos, R. Heller, J. Incandela, A. Ovcharova, H. Qu, J. Richman, D. Stuart, I. Suarez, J. Yoo, D. Anderson, A. Bornheim, J. Bunn, J. M. Lawhorn, H. B. Newman, T. Q. Nguyen, C. Pena, M. Spiropulu, J. R. Vlimant, R. Wilkinson, S. Xie, Z. Zhang, R. Y. Zhu, M. B. Andrews, T. Ferguson, T. Mudholkar, M. Paulini, J. Russ, M. Sun, H. Vogel, I. Vorobiev, M. Weinberg, J. P. Cumalat, W. T. Ford, F. Jensen, A. Johnson, M. Krohn, S. Leontsinis, E. MacDonald, T. Mulholland, K. Stenson, K. A. Ulmer, S. R. Wagner, J. Alexander, J. Chaves, Y. Cheng, J. Chu, A. Datta, K. Mcdermott, N. Mirman, J. R. Patterson, D. Quach, A. Rinkevicius, A. Ryd, L. Skinnari, L. Soffi, S. M. Tan, Z. Tao, J. Thom, J. Tucker, P. Wittich, M. Zientek, S. Abdullin, M. Albrow, M. Alyari, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, A. Apyan, L. A. T. Bauerdick, A. Beretvas, J. Berryhill, P. C. Bhat, G. Bolla, K. Burkett, J. N. Butler, A. Canepa, G. B. Cerati, H. W. K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, M. Cremonesi, J. Duarte, V. D. Elvira, J. Freeman, Z. Gecse, E. Gottschalk, L. Gray, D. Green, S. Grünendahl, O. Gutsche, J. Hanlon, R. M. Harris, S. Hasegawa, J. Hirschauer, Z. Hu, B. Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, B. Klima, M. J. Kortelainen, B. Kreis, S. Lammel, D. Lincoln, R. Lipton, M. Liu, T. Liu, R. Lopes De Sá, J. Lykken, K. Maeshima, N. Magini, J. M. Marraffino, D. Mason, P. McBride, P. Merkel, S. Mrenna, S. Nahn, V. O’Dell, K. Pedro, O. Prokofyev, G. Rakness, L. Ristori, A. Savoy-Navarro, B. Schneider, E. Sexton-Kennedy, A. Soha, W. J. Spalding, L. Spiegel, S. Stoynev, J. Strait, N. Strobbe, L. Taylor, S. Tkaczyk, N. V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E. W. Vaandering, C. Vernieri, M. Verzocchi, R. Vidal, M. Wang, H. A. Weber, A. Whitbeck, W. Wu, D. Acosta, P. Avery, P. Bortignon, D. Bourilkov, A. Brinkerhoff, A. Carnes, M. Carver, D. Curry, R. D. Field, I. K. Furic, S. V. Gleyzer, B. M. Joshi, J. Konigsberg, A. Korytov, K. Kotov, P. Ma, K. Matchev, H. Mei, G. Mitselmakher, K. Shi, D. Sperka, N. Terentyev, L. Thomas, J. Wang, S. Wang, J. Yelton, Y. R. Joshi, S. Linn, P. Markowitz, J. L. Rodriguez, A. Ackert, T. Adams, A. Askew, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K. F. Johnson, T. Kolberg, G. Martinez, T. Perry, H. Prosper, A. Saha, A. Santra, R. Yohay, M. M. Baarmand, V. Bhopatkar, S. Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, T. Roy, F. Yumiceva, M. R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, D. Berry, R. R. Betts, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, S. Dittmer, O. Evdokimov, C. E. Gerber, D. A. Hangal, D. J. Hofman, K. Jung, J. Kamin, C. Mills, I. D. Sandoval Gonzalez, M. B. Tonjes, N. Varelas, H. Wang, Z. Wu, J. Zhang, B. Bilki, W. Clarida, K. Dilsiz, S. Durgut, R. P. Gandrajula, M. Haytmyradov, V. Khristenko, J.-P. Merlo, H. Mermerkaya, A. Mestvirishvili, A. Moeller, J. Nachtman, H. Ogul, Y. Onel, F. Ozok, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E. Tiras, J. Wetzel, K. Yi, B. Blumenfeld, A. Cocoros, N. Eminizer, D. Fehling, L. Feng, A. V. Gritsan, W. T. Hung, P. Maksimovic, J. Roskes, U. Sarica, M. Swartz, M. Xiao, C. You, A. Al-bataineh, P. Baringer, A. Bean, J. F. Benitez, S. Boren, J. Bowen, J. Castle, S. Khalil, A. Kropivnitskaya, D. Majumder, W. Mcbrayer, M. Murray, C. Rogan, C. Royon, S. Sanders, E. Schmitz, J. D. Tapia Takaki, Q. Wang, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, Y. Maravin, A. Modak, A. Mohammadi, L. K. Saini, N. Skhirtladze, F. Rebassoo, D. Wright, A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S. C. Eno, Y. Feng, C. Ferraioli, N. J. Hadley, S. Jabeen, G. Y. Jeng, R. G. Kellogg, J. Kunkle, A. C. Mignerey, F. Ricci-Tam, Y. H. Shin, A. Skuja, S. C. Tonwar, D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, V. Azzolini, R. Barbieri, A. Baty, G. Bauer, R. Bi, S. Brandt, W. Busza, I. A. Cali, M. D’Alfonso, Z. Demiragli, G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov, P. Harris, D. Hsu, M. Hu, Y. Iiyama, G. M. Innocenti, M. Klute, D. Kovalskyi, Y.-J. Lee, A. Levin, P. D. Luckey, B. Maier, A. C. Marini, C. Mcginn, C. Mironov, S. Narayanan, X. Niu, C. Paus, C. Roland, G. Roland, G. S. F. Stephans, K. Sumorok, K. Tatar, D. Velicanu, T. W. Wang, B. Wyslouch, S. Zhaozhong, A. C. Benvenuti, R. M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, P. Hansen, S. Kalafut, Y. Kubota, Z. Lesko, J. Mans, S. Nourbakhsh, N. Ruckstuhl, R. Rusack, J. Turkewitz, M. A. Wadud, J. G. Acosta, S. Oliveros, E. Avdeeva, K. Bloom, D. R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, F. Golf, R. Gonzalez Suarez, R. Kamalieddin, I. Kravchenko, J. Monroy, J. E. Siado, G. R. Snow, B. Stieger, A. Godshalk, C. Harrington, I. Iashvili, D. Nguyen, A. Parker, S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani, G. Alverson, E. Barberis, C. Freer, A. Hortiangtham, A. Massironi, D. M. Morse, T. Orimoto, R. Teixeira De Lima, T. Wamorkar, B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood, O. Charaf, K. A. Hahn, N. Mucia, N. Odell, M. H. Schmitt, K. Sung, M. Trovato, M. Velasco, R. Bucci, N. Dev, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop, D. J. Karmgard, N. Kellams, K. Lannon, W. Li, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, F. Meng, C. Mueller, Y. Musienko, M. Planer, A. Reinsvold, R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, G. Smith, S. Taroni, M. Wayne, A. Wightman, M. Wolf, A. Woodard, J. Alimena, L. Antonelli, B. Bylsma, L. S. Durkin, S. Flowers, B. Francis, A. Hart, C. Hill, W. Ji, T. Y. Ling, W. Luo, B. L. Winer, H. W. Wulsin, S. Cooperstein, O. Driga, P. Elmer, J. Hardenbrook, P. Hebda, S. Higginbotham, A. Kalogeropoulos, D. Lange, J. Luo, D. Marlow, K. Mei, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, C. Palmer, P. Piroué, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, D. Stickland, C. Tully, S. Norberg, A. Barker, V. E. Barnes, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A. W. Jung, A. Khatiwada, D. H. Miller, N. Neumeister, C. C. Peng, H. Qiu, J. F. Schulte, J. Sun, F. Wang, R. Xiao, W. Xie, T. Cheng, J. Dolen, N. Parashar, Z. Chen, K. M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F. J. M. Geurts, M. Guilbaud, M. Kilpatrick, B. Michlin, B. P. Padley, J. Roberts, J. Rorie, W. Shi, Z. Tu, J. Zabel, A. Zhang, A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, Y. t. Duh, T. Ferbel, M. Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, J. Han, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, K. H. Lo, P. Tan, M. Verzetti, R. Ciesielski, K. Goulianos, C. Mesropian, A. Agapitos, J. P. Chou, Y. Gershtein, T. A. Gómez Espinosa, E. Halkiadakis, M. Heindl, E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, S. Kyriacou, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson, H. Saka, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, D. Sheffield, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. Thomas, P. Thomassen, M. Walker, A. G. Delannoy, J. Heideman, G. Riley, K. Rose, S. Spanier, K. Thapa, O. Bouhali, A. Castaneda Hernandez, A. Celik, M. Dalchenko, M. De Mattia, A. Delgado, S. Dildick, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon, R. Mueller, Y. Pakhotin, R. Patel, A. Perloff, L. Perniè, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov, A. Tatarinov, N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, F. De Guio, P. R. Dudero, J. Faulkner, E. Gurpinar, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane, T. Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H. Ni, K. Padeken, J. D. Ruiz Alvarez, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, Q. Xu, M. W. Arenton, P. Barria, B. Cox, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A. Ledovskoy, H. Li, C. Neu, T. Sinthuprasith, E. Wolfe, F. Xia, R. Harr, P. E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, J. Sturdy, P. Thapa, S. Zaleski, M. Brodski, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, D. Carlsmith, S. Dasu, L. Dodd, S. Duric, B. Gomber, M. Grothe, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, P. Klabbers, A. Lanaro, A. Levine, K. Long, R. Loveless, V. Rekovic, T. Ruggles, A. Savin, N. Smith, W. H. Smith, N. Woods, and Publications Committee CMS_Collaboration
Subjects: CMS, Physics, Standard model, Cross section, Z boson, Jets, Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract The production of a $${\text {Z}}$$ Z boson, decaying to two charged leptons, in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13$$\,\text {TeV}$$ TeV is measured. Data recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC are used that correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.19$$\,\text {fb}^\text {-1}$$ fb-1 . The cross section is measured as a function of the jet multiplicity and its dependence on the transverse momentum of the $${\text {Z}}$$ Z boson, the jet kinematic variables (transverse momentum and rapidity), the scalar sum of the jet momenta, which quantifies the hadronic activity, and the balance in transverse momentum between the reconstructed jet recoil and the $${\text {Z}}$$ Z boson. The measurements are compared with predictions from four different calculations. The first two merge matrix elements with different parton multiplicities in the final state and parton showering, one of which includes one-loop corrections. The third is a fixed-order calculation with next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy for the process with a $${\text {Z}}$$ Z boson and one parton in the final state. The fourth combines the fully differential next-to-next-to-leading order calculation of the process with no parton in the final state with next-to-next-to-leading logarithm resummation and parton showering.
Published: 2018
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21. Atomic Lithium Excitation by Electron Impact

Author: Rabab M. Abdul Hassan and Alaa A. Khalaf
Subjects: Excitation, Cross section, Lithium atom, Electron impact, Bethe approximation, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Bethe approximation had been used to compute the excitation cross section in term of the diploe oscillator strength for some allowed transitions between energy levels of Li-atom collide with electrons with impact energy range (2-2000) eV. We also compute the radiation transition probability and lifetime. Our results for all calculations we had done were compared with the available theoretical and experimental data.
Published: 2019
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22. Electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton–proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}= $$ s= 13$$\,\text {TeV}$$ TeV

Author: A. M. Sirunyan, A. Tumasyan, W. Adam, F. Ambrogi, E. Asilar, T. Bergauer, J. Brandstetter, E. Brondolin, M. Dragicevic, J. Erö, A. Escalante Del Valle, M. Flechl, M. Friedl, R. Frühwirth, V. M. Ghete, J. Grossmann, J. Hrubec, M. Jeitler, A. König, N. Krammer, I. Krätschmer, D. Liko, T. Madlener, I. Mikulec, E. Pree, N. Rad, H. Rohringer, J. Schieck, R. Schöfbeck, M. Spanring, D. Spitzbart, A. Taurok, W. Waltenberger, J. Wittmann, C.-E. Wulz, M. Zarucki, V. Chekhovsky, V. Mossolov, J. Suarez Gonzalez, E. A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, J. Lauwers, M. Pieters, M. Van De Klundert, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, N. Van Remortel, S. Abu Zeid, F. Blekman, J. D’Hondt, I. De Bruyn, J. De Clercq, K. Deroover, G. Flouris, D. Lontkovskyi, S. Lowette, I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, L. Moreels, Q. Python, K. Skovpen, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders, I. Van Parijs, D. Beghin, B. Bilin, H. Brun, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, H. Delannoy, B. Dorney, G. Fasanella, L. Favart, R. Goldouzian, A. Grebenyuk, A. K. Kalsi, T. Lenzi, J. Luetic, T. Maerschalk, T. Seva, E. Starling, C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom, R. Yonamine, F. Zenoni, T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, A. Fagot, M. Gul, I. Khvastunov, D. Poyraz, C. Roskas, D. Trocino, M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, M. Vit, N. Zaganidis, H. Bakhshiansohi, O. Bondu, S. Brochet, G. Bruno, C. Caputo, A. Caudron, P. David, S. De Visscher, C. Delaere, M. Delcourt, B. Francois, A. Giammanco, G. Krintiras, V. Lemaitre, A. Magitteri, A. Mertens, M. Musich, K. Piotrzkowski, L. Quertenmont, A. Saggio, M. Vidal Marono, S. Wertz, J. Zobec, W. L. Aldá Júnior, F. L. Alves, G. A. Alves, L. Brito, G. Correia Silva, C. Hensel, A. Moraes, M. E. Pol, P. Rebello Teles, E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato, E. Coelho, E. M. Da Costa, G. G. Da Silveira, D. De Jesus Damiao, S. Fonseca De Souza, L. M. Huertas Guativa, H. Malbouisson, M. Melo De Almeida, C. Mora Herrera, L. Mundim, H. Nogima, L. J. Sanchez Rosas, A. 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Paramesvaran, T. Sakuma, S. Seif El Nasr-storey, D. Smith, V. J. Smith, K. W. Bell, C. Brew, R. M. Brown, L. Calligaris, D. Cieri, D. J. A. Cockerill, J. A. Coughlan, K. Harder, S. Harper, J. Linacre, E. Olaiya, D. Petyt, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Thea, I. R. Tomalin, T. Williams, W. J. Womersley, G. Auzinger, R. Bainbridge, P. Bloch, J. Borg, S. Breeze, O. Buchmuller, A. Bundock, S. Casasso, D. Colling, L. Corpe, P. Dauncey, G. Davies, M. Della Negra, R. Di Maria, Y. Haddad, G. Hall, G. Iles, T. James, M. Komm, R. Lane, C. Laner, L. Lyons, A.-M. Magnan, S. Malik, L. Mastrolorenzo, T. Matsushita, J. Nash, A. Nikitenko, V. Palladino, M. Pesaresi, A. Richards, A. Rose, E. Scott, C. Seez, A. Shtipliyski, T. Strebler, S. Summers, A. Tapper, K. Uchida, M. Vazquez Acosta, T. Virdee, N. Wardle, D. Winterbottom, J. Wright, S. C. Zenz, J. E. Cole, P. R. Hobson, A. Khan, P. Kyberd, A. Morton, I. D. Reid, L. Teodorescu, S. Zahid, A. Borzou, K. Call, J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, H. Liu, N. Pastika, C. Smith, R. Bartek, A. Dominguez, A. Buccilli, S. I. Cooper, C. Henderson, P. Rumerio, C. West, D. Arcaro, A. Avetisyan, T. Bose, D. Gastler, D. Rankin, C. Richardson, J. Rohlf, L. Sulak, D. Zou, G. Benelli, D. Cutts, M. Hadley, J. Hakala, U. Heintz, J. M. Hogan, K. H. M. Kwok, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, Z. Mao, M. Narain, J. Pazzini, S. Piperov, S. Sagir, R. Syarif, D. Yu, R. Band, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, M. Calderon De LaBarca Sanchez, M. Chertok, J. Conway, R. Conway, P. T. Cox, R. Erbacher, C. Flores, G. Funk, W. Ko, R. Lander, C. Mclean, M. Mulhearn, D. Pellett, J. Pilot, S. Shalhout, M. Shi, J. Smith, D. Stolp, D. Taylor, K. Tos, M. Tripathi, F. Zhang, M. Bachtis, C. Bravo, R. Cousins, A. Dasgupta, A. Florent, J. Hauser, M. Ignatenko, N. Mccoll, S. Regnard, D. Saltzberg, C. Schnaible, V. Valuev, E. Bouvier, K. Burt, R. Clare, J. Ellison, J. W. Gary, S. M. A. Ghiasi Shirazi, G. Hanson, G. Karapostoli, E. Kennedy, F. Lacroix, O. R. Long, M. Olmedo Negrete, M. I. Paneva, W. Si, L. Wang, H. Wei, S. Wimpenny, B. R. Yates, J. G. Branson, S. Cittolin, M. Derdzinski, R. Gerosa, D. Gilbert, B. Hashemi, A. Holzner, D. Klein, G. Kole, V. Krutelyov, J. Letts, M. Masciovecchio, D. Olivito, S. Padhi, M. Pieri, M. Sani, V. Sharma, S. Simon, M. Tadel, A. Vartak, S. Wasserbaech, J. Wood, F. Würthwein, A. Yagil, G. Zevi Della Porta, N. Amin, R. Bhandari, J. Bradmiller-Feld, C. Campagnari, M. Citron, A. Dishaw, V. Dutta, M. Franco Sevilla, L. Gouskos, R. Heller, J. Incandela, A. Ovcharova, H. Qu, J. Richman, D. Stuart, I. Suarez, J. Yoo, D. Anderson, A. Bornheim, J. Bunn, J. M. Lawhorn, H. B. Newman, T. Q. Nguyen, C. Pena, M. Spiropulu, J. R. Vlimant, R. Wilkinson, S. Xie, Z. Zhang, R. Y. Zhu, M. B. Andrews, T. Ferguson, T. Mudholkar, M. Paulini, J. Russ, M. Sun, H. Vogel, I. Vorobiev, M. Weinberg, J. P. Cumalat, W. T. Ford, F. Jensen, A. Johnson, M. Krohn, S. Leontsinis, E. Macdonald, T. Mulholland, K. Stenson, K. A. Ulmer, S. R. Wagner, J. Alexander, J. Chaves, Y. Cheng, J. Chu, A. Datta, S. Dittmer, K. Mcdermott, N. Mirman, J. R. Patterson, D. Quach, A. Rinkevicius, A. Ryd, L. Skinnari, L. Soffi, S. M. Tan, Z. Tao, J. Thom, J. Tucker, P. Wittich, M. Zientek, S. Abdullin, M. Albrow, M. Alyari, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, A. Apyan, L. A. T. Bauerdick, A. Beretvas, J. Berryhill, P. C. Bhat, G. Bolla, K. Burkett, J. N. Butler, A. Canepa, G. B. Cerati, H. W. K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, M. Cremonesi, J. Duarte, V. D. Elvira, J. Freeman, Z. Gecse, E. Gottschalk, L. Gray, D. Green, S. Grünendahl, O. Gutsche, J. Hanlon, R. M. Harris, S. Hasegawa, J. Hirschauer, Z. Hu, B. Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, B. Klima, B. Kreis, S. Lammel, D. Lincoln, R. Lipton, M. Liu, T. Liu, R. Lopes De Sá, J. Lykken, K. Maeshima, N. Magini, J. M. Marraffino, D. Mason, P. McBride, P. Merkel, S. Mrenna, S. Nahn, V. O’Dell, K. Pedro, O. Prokofyev, G. Rakness, L. Ristori, A. Savoy-Navarro, B. Schneider, E. Sexton-Kennedy, A. Soha, W. J. Spalding, L. Spiegel, S. Stoynev, J. Strait, N. Strobbe, L. Taylor, S. Tkaczyk, N. V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E. W. Vaandering, C. Vernieri, M. Verzocchi, R. Vidal, M. Wang, H. A. Weber, A. Whitbeck, W. Wu, D. Acosta, P. Avery, P. Bortignon, D. Bourilkov, A. Brinkerhoff, A. Carnes, M. Carver, D. Curry, R. D. Field, I. K. Furic, S. V. Gleyzer, B. M. Joshi, J. Konigsberg, A. Korytov, K. Kotov, P. Ma, K. Matchev, H. Mei, G. Mitselmakher, K. Shi, D. Sperka, N. Terentyev, L. Thomas, J. Wang, S. Wang, J. Yelton, Y. R. Joshi, S. Linn, P. Markowitz, J. L. Rodriguez, A. Ackert, T. Adams, A. Askew, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K. F. Johnson, T. Kolberg, G. Martinez, T. Perry, H. Prosper, A. Saha, A. Santra, R. Yohay, M. M. Baarmand, V. Bhopatkar, S. Colafranceschi, M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, T. Roy, F. Yumiceva, M. R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, D. Berry, R. R. Betts, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, O. Evdokimov, C. E. Gerber, D. A. Hangal, D. J. Hofman, K. Jung, J. Kamin, I. D. Sandoval Gonzalez, M. B. Tonjes, N. Varelas, H. Wang, Z. Wu, J. Zhang, B. Bilki, W. Clarida, K. Dilsiz, S. Durgut, R. P. Gandrajula, M. Haytmyradov, V. Khristenko, J.-P. Merlo, H. Mermerkaya, A. Mestvirishvili, A. Moeller, J. Nachtman, H. Ogul, Y. Onel, F. Ozok, A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E. Tiras, J. Wetzel, K. Yi, B. Blumenfeld, A. Cocoros, N. Eminizer, D. Fehling, L. Feng, A. V. Gritsan, P. Maksimovic, J. Roskes, U. Sarica, M. Swartz, M. Xiao, C. You, A. Al-bataineh, P. Baringer, A. Bean, S. Boren, J. Bowen, J. Castle, S. Khalil, A. Kropivnitskaya, D. Majumder, W. Mcbrayer, M. Murray, C. Rogan, C. Royon, S. Sanders, E. Schmitz, J. D. Tapia Takaki, Q. Wang, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, Y. Maravin, A. Mohammadi, L. K. Saini, N. Skhirtladze, F. Rebassoo, D. Wright, A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S. C. Eno, Y. Feng, C. Ferraioli, N. J. Hadley, S. Jabeen, G. Y. Jeng, R. G. Kellogg, J. Kunkle, A. C. Mignerey, F. Ricci-Tam, Y. H. Shin, A. Skuja, S. C. Tonwar, D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, V. Azzolini, R. Barbieri, A. Baty, G. Bauer, R. Bi, S. Brandt, W. Busza, I. A. Cali, M. D’Alfonso, Z. Demiragli, G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov, P. Harris, D. Hsu, M. Hu, Y. Iiyama, G. M. Innocenti, M. Klute, D. Kovalskyi, Y.-J. Lee, A. Levin, P. D. Luckey, B. Maier, A. C. Marini, C. Mcginn, C. Mironov, S. Narayanan, X. Niu, C. Paus, C. Roland, G. Roland, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, G. S. F. Stephans, K. Sumorok, K. Tatar, D. Velicanu, T. W. Wang, B. Wyslouch, S. Zhaozhong, A. C. Benvenuti, R. M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, P. Hansen, S. Kalafut, Y. Kubota, Z. Lesko, J. Mans, S. Nourbakhsh, N. Ruckstuhl, R. Rusack, J. Turkewitz, M. A. Wadud, J. G. Acosta, S. Oliveros, E. Avdeeva, K. Bloom, D. R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, F. Golf, R. Gonzalez Suarez, R. Kamalieddin, I. Kravchenko, J. Monroy, J. E. Siado, G. R. Snow, B. Stieger, J. Dolen, A. Godshalk, C. Harrington, I. Iashvili, D. Nguyen, A. Parker, S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani, G. Alverson, E. Barberis, C. Freer, A. Hortiangtham, A. Massironi, D. M. Morse, T. Orimoto, R. Teixeira De Lima, T. Wamorkar, B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood, O. Charaf, K. A. Hahn, N. Mucia, N. Odell, M. H. Schmitt, K. Sung, M. Trovato, M. Velasco, R. Bucci, N. Dev, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop, D. J. Karmgard, N. Kellams, K. Lannon, W. Li, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, F. Meng, C. Mueller, Y. Musienko, M. Planer, A. Reinsvold, R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, G. Smith, S. Taroni, M. Wayne, A. Wightman, M. Wolf, A. Woodard, J. Alimena, L. Antonelli, B. Bylsma, L. S. Durkin, S. Flowers, B. Francis, A. Hart, C. Hill, W. Ji, T. Y. Ling, W. Luo, B. L. Winer, H. W. Wulsin, S. Cooperstein, O. Driga, P. Elmer, J. Hardenbrook, P. Hebda, S. Higginbotham, A. Kalogeropoulos, D. Lange, J. Luo, D. Marlow, K. Mei, I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, C. Palmer, P. Piroué, D. Stickland, C. Tully, S. Norberg, A. Barker, V. E. Barnes, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A. W. Jung, A. Khatiwada, D. H. Miller, N. Neumeister, C. C. Peng, H. Qiu, J. F. Schulte, J. Sun, F. Wang, R. Xiao, W. Xie, T. Cheng, N. Parashar, Z. Chen, K. M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F. J. M. Geurts, M. Guilbaud, M. Kilpatrick, B. Michlin, B. P. Padley, J. Roberts, J. Rorie, W. Shi, Z. Tu, J. Zabel, A. Zhang, A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, Y. t. Duh, T. Ferbel, M. Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, J. Han, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, K. H. Lo, P. Tan, M. Verzetti, R. Ciesielski, K. Goulianos, C. Mesropian, A. Agapitos, J. P. Chou, Y. Gershtein, T. A. Gómez Espinosa, E. Halkiadakis, M. Heindl, E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, S. Kyriacou, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson, H. Saka, S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, D. Sheffield, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S. Thomas, P. Thomassen, M. Walker, A. G. Delannoy, J. Heideman, G. Riley, K. Rose, S. Spanier, K. Thapa, O. Bouhali, A. Castaneda Hernandez, A. Celik, M. Dalchenko, M. De Mattia, A. Delgado, S. Dildick, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon, R. Mueller, Y. Pakhotin, R. Patel, A. Perloff, L. Perniè, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov, A. Tatarinov, N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, F. De Guio, P. R. Dudero, J. Faulkner, E. Gurpinar, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane, T. Mengke, S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H. Ni, K. Padeken, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska, Q. Xu, M. W. Arenton, P. Barria, B. Cox, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A. Ledovskoy, H. Li, C. Neu, T. Sinthuprasith, E. Wolfe, F. Xia, R. Harr, P. E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, J. Sturdy, P. Thapa, S. Zaleski, M. Brodski, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, D. Carlsmith, S. Dasu, L. Dodd, S. Duric, B. Gomber, M. Grothe, M. Herndon, A. Hervé, U. Hussain, P. Klabbers, A. Lanaro, A. Levine, K. Long, R. Loveless, V. Rekovic, T. Ruggles, A. Savin, N. Smith, W. H. Smith, N. Woods, and CMS Collaboration
Subjects: CMS, Physics, Vector boson fusion, Electroweak interaction, Cross section, Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract A measurement of the electroweak (EW) production of two jets in association with a $$\mathrm {Z} $$ Z boson in proton-proton collisions at $$\sqrt{s}=13\,\text {TeV} $$ s=13TeV is presented, based on data recorded in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9$$\,\text {fb}^{\text {--}1}$$ fb--1 . The measurement is performed in the $$\ell \ell \mathrm {jj}$$ ℓℓjj final state with $$\ell $$ ℓ including electrons and muons, and the jets j corresponding to the quarks produced in the hard interaction. The measured cross section in a kinematic region defined by invariant masses $$m_{\ell \ell } >50\,\text {GeV} $$ mℓℓ>50GeV , $$m_{\mathrm {jj}} >120\,\text {GeV} $$ mjj>120GeV , and transverse momenta $$p_{\mathrm {T j}} > 25\,\text {GeV}$$ pTj>25GeV is $$\sigma _\mathrm {EW}(\ell \ell \mathrm {jj})= 534 \pm 20\,\text {(stat)} \pm 57\,\text {(syst) fb} $$ σEW(ℓℓjj)=534±20(stat)±57(syst) fb , in agreement with leading-order standard model predictions. The final state is also used to perform a search for anomalous trilinear gauge couplings. No evidence is found and limits on anomalous trilinear gauge couplings associated with dimension-six operators are given in the framework of an effective field theory. The corresponding 95% confidence level intervals are $$-2.6< c_{WWW}/\varLambda ^2 < 2.6\,\text {TeV}^{-2}$$ -2.6
Published: 2018
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23. Know your full potential: Quantitative Kelvin probe force microscopy on nanoscale electrical devices

Author: Amelie Axt, Ilka M. Hermes, Victor W. Bergmann, Niklas Tausendpfund, and Stefan A. L. Weber
Subjects: AM-KPFM, AM lift mode, AM off resonance, AM second eigenmode, cross section, crosstalk, field effect transistor, FM-KPFM, frequency modulation heterodyne, frequency modulation sideband, quantitative Kelvin probe force microscopy, solar cells, Technology, Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In this study we investigate the influence of the operation method in Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) on the measured potential distribution. KPFM is widely used to map the nanoscale potential distribution in operating devices, e.g., in thin film transistors or on cross sections of functional solar cells. Quantitative surface potential measurements are crucial for understanding the operation principles of functional nanostructures in these electronic devices. Nevertheless, KPFM is prone to certain imaging artifacts, such as crosstalk from topography or stray electric fields. Here, we compare different amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) KPFM methods on a reference structure consisting of an interdigitated electrode array. This structure mimics the sample geometry in device measurements, e.g., on thin film transistors or on solar cell cross sections. In particular, we investigate how quantitative different KPFM methods can measure a predefined externally applied voltage difference between the electrodes. We found that generally, FM-KPFM methods provide more quantitative results that are less affected by the presence of stray electric fields compared to AM-KPFM methods.
Published: 2018
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24. Measurement of single top quark production in the tau+jets channnel using boosted decision trees at D0

Author: Liu, Zhiyi [China Inst. of Atomic Energy (CIAE), Beijing (China)]
Published: 2009
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25. Measurement of cross sections of the interactions e+e−→ϕϕω and e+e−→ϕϕϕ at center-of-mass energies from 4.008 to 4.600 GeV

Author: M. Ablikim, M.N. Achasov, S. Ahmed, X.C. Ai, O. Albayrak, M. Albrecht, D.J. Ambrose, A. Amoroso, F.F. An, Q. An, J.Z. Bai, O. Bakina, R. Baldini Ferroli, Y. Ban, D.W. Bennett, J.V. Bennett, N. Berger, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, J.M. Bian, F. Bianchi, E. Boger, I. Boyko, R.A. Briere, H. Cai, X. Cai, O. Cakir, A. Calcaterra, G.F. Cao, S.A. Cetin, J. Chai, J.F. Chang, G. Chelkov, G. Chen, H.S. Chen, J.C. Chen, M.L. Chen, S. Chen, S.J. Chen, X. Chen, X.R. Chen, Y.B. Chen, X.K. Chu, G. Cibinetto, H.L. Dai, J.P. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, D. Dedovich, Z.Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, Y. Ding, C. Dong, J. Dong, L.Y. Dong, M.Y. Dong, Z.L. Dou, S.X. Du, P.F. Duan, J.Z. Fan, J. Fang, S.S. Fang, X. Fang, Y. Fang, R. Farinelli, L. Fava, F. Feldbauer, G. Felici, C.Q. Feng, E. Fioravanti, M. Fritsch, C.D. Fu, Q. Gao, X.L. Gao, Y. Gao, Z. Gao, I. Garzia, K. Goetzen, L. Gong, W.X. Gong, W. Gradl, M. Greco, M.H. Gu, Y.T. Gu, Y.H. Guan, A.Q. Guo, L.B. Guo, R.P. Guo, Y. Guo, Y.P. Guo, Z. Haddadi, A. Hafner, S. Han, X.Q. Hao, F.A. Harris, K.L. He, F.H. Heinsius, T. Held, Y.K. Heng, T. Holtmann, Z.L. Hou, C. Hu, H.M. Hu, T. Hu, Y. Hu, G.S. Huang, J.S. Huang, X.T. Huang, X.Z. Huang, Z.L. Huang, T. Hussain, W. Ikegami Andersson, Q. Ji, Q.P. Ji, X.B. Ji, X.L. Ji, L.W. Jiang, X.S. Jiang, X.Y. Jiang, J.B. Jiao, Z. Jiao, D.P. Jin, S. Jin, T. Johansson, A. Julin, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, X.L. Kang, X.S. Kang, M. Kavatsyuk, B.C. Ke, P. Kiese, R. Kliemt, B. Kloss, O.B. Kolcu, B. Kopf, M. Kornicer, A. Kupsc, W. Kühn, J.S. Lange, M. Lara, P. Larin, H. Leithoff, C. Leng, C. Li, Cheng Li, D.M. Li, F. Li, F.Y. Li, G. Li, H.B. Li, H.J. Li, J.C. Li, Jin Li, K. Li, Lei Li, P.R. Li, Q.Y. Li, T. Li, W.D. Li, W.G. Li, X.L. Li, X.N. Li, X.Q. Li, Y.B. Li, Z.B. Li, H. Liang, Y.F. Liang, Y.T. Liang, G.R. Liao, D.X. Lin, B. Liu, B.J. Liu, C.X. Liu, D. Liu, F.H. Liu, Fang Liu, Feng Liu, H.B. Liu, H.H. Liu, H.M. Liu, J. Liu, J.B. Liu, J.P. Liu, J.Y. Liu, K. Liu, K.Y. Liu, L.D. Liu, P.L. Liu, Q. Liu, S.B. Liu, X. Liu, Y.B. Liu, Y.Y. Liu, Z.A. Liu, Zhiqing Liu, H. Loehner, Y.F. Long, X.C. Lou, H.J. Lu, J.G. Lu, Y. Lu, Y.P. Lu, C.L. Luo, M.X. Luo, T. Luo, X.L. Luo, X.R. Lyu, F.C. Ma, H.L. Ma, L.L. Ma, M.M. Ma, Q.M. Ma, T. Ma, X.N. Ma, X.Y. Ma, Y.M. Ma, F.E. Maas, M. Maggiora, Q.A. Malik, Y.J. Mao, Z.P. Mao, S. Marcello, J.G. Messchendorp, G. Mezzadri, J. Min, T.J. Min, R.E. Mitchell, X.H. Mo, Y.J. Mo, C. Morales Morales, G. Morello, N.Yu. Muchnoi, H. Muramatsu, P. Musiol, Y. Nefedov, F. Nerling, I.B. Nikolaev, Z. Ning, S. Nisar, S.L. Niu, X.Y. Niu, S.L. Olsen, Q. Ouyang, S. Pacetti, Y. Pan, P. Patteri, M. Pelizaeus, H.P. Peng, K. Peters, J. Pettersson, J.L. Ping, R.G. Ping, R. Poling, V. Prasad, H.R. Qi, M. Qi, S. Qian, C.F. Qiao, L.Q. Qin, N. Qin, X.S. Qin, Z.H. Qin, J.F. Qiu, K.H. Rashid, C.F. Redmer, M. Ripka, G. Rong, Ch. Rosner, X.D. Ruan, A. Sarantsev, M. Savrié, C. Schnier, K. Schoenning, W. Shan, M. Shao, C.P. Shen, P.X. Shen, X.Y. Shen, H.Y. Sheng, W.M. Song, X.Y. Song, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, G.X. Sun, J.F. Sun, S.S. Sun, X.H. Sun, Y.J. Sun, Y.Z. Sun, Z.J. Sun, Z.T. Sun, C.J. Tang, X. Tang, I. Tapan, E.H. Thorndike, M. Tiemens, I. Uman, G.S. Varner, B. Wang, B.L. Wang, D. Wang, D.Y. Wang, K. Wang, L.L. Wang, L.S. Wang, M. Wang, P. Wang, P.L. Wang, W. Wang, W.P. Wang, X.F. Wang, Y. Wang, Y.D. Wang, Y.F. Wang, Y.Q. Wang, Z. Wang, Z.G. Wang, Z.H. Wang, Z.Y. Wang, Zongyuan Wang, T. Weber, D.H. Wei, P. Weidenkaff, S.P. Wen, U. Wiedner, M. Wolke, L.H. Wu, L.J. Wu, Z. Wu, L. Xia, L.G. Xia, Y. Xia, D. Xiao, H. Xiao, Z.J. Xiao, Y.G. Xie, Y.H. Xie, Q.L. Xiu, G.F. Xu, J.J. Xu, L. Xu, Q.J. Xu, Q.N. Xu, X.P. Xu, L. Yan, W.B. Yan, W.C. Yan, Y.H. Yan, H.J. Yang, H.X. Yang, L. Yang, Y.X. Yang, M. Ye, M.H. Ye, J.H. Yin, Z.Y. You, B.X. Yu, C.X. Yu, J.S. Yu, C.Z. Yuan, Y. Yuan, A. Yuncu, A.A. Zafar, Y. Zeng, Z. Zeng, B.X. Zhang, B.Y. Zhang, C.C. Zhang, D.H. Zhang, H.H. Zhang, H.Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, J.J. Zhang, J.L. Zhang, J.Q. Zhang, J.W. Zhang, J.Y. Zhang, J.Z. Zhang, K. Zhang, L. Zhang, S.Q. Zhang, X.Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y.H. Zhang, Y.N. Zhang, Y.T. Zhang, Yu Zhang, Z.H. Zhang, Z.P. Zhang, Z.Y. Zhang, G. Zhao, J.W. Zhao, J.Y. Zhao, J.Z. Zhao, Lei Zhao, Ling Zhao, M.G. Zhao, Q. Zhao, Q.W. Zhao, S.J. Zhao, T.C. Zhao, Y.B. Zhao, Z.G. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, J.P. Zheng, W.J. Zheng, Y.H. Zheng, B. Zhong, L. Zhou, X. Zhou, X.K. Zhou, X.R. Zhou, X.Y. Zhou, K. Zhu, K.J. Zhu, S. Zhu, S.H. Zhu, X.L. Zhu, Y.C. Zhu, Y.S. Zhu, Z.A. Zhu, J. Zhuang, L. Zotti, B.S. Zou, and J.H. Zou
Subjects: e+e− annihilation, Triple quarkonia, Cross section, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Using data samples collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider at six center-of-mass energies between 4.008 and 4.600 GeV, we observe the processes e+e−→ϕϕω and e+e−→ϕϕϕ. The Born cross sections are measured and the ratio of the cross sections σ(e+e−→ϕϕω)/σ(e+e−→ϕϕϕ) is estimated to be 1.75±0.22±0.19 averaged over six energy points, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. The results represent first measurements of these interactions.
Published: 2017
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26. RECENT CAPABILITY AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENTS OF THE WHOLE-CORE TRANSPORT CODE nTRACER

Author: Choi Namjae, Park Hansol, Lee Han Gyu, Jae Seungug, Jeon Sori, and Joo Han Gyu
Subjects: ntracer, cross section, stabilization, cuda, gamma transport, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The whole-core transport code nTRACER has made many advances in recent years. Several innovative cross section treatment methods were developed, a new axial transport solver was introduced for stabilizing the 2D/1D scheme, and substantial computational enhancements were achieved using NVIDIA CUDA and Intel Math Kernel Library (MKL). In addition, gamma transport solver was implemented to predict the power distributions more physically, and the flexibility of the restart calculation was improved using an offline processing code nTIG (nTRACER Input Generator). This paper is the compilation of the recent progresses in nTRACER developments.
Published: 2021
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27. RESEARCH ON THE CROSS-SECTION GENERATING METHOD IN HTGR SIMULATOR BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING METHODS

Author: Zeguang LI, Sun Jun, Wei Chunlin, Sui Zhe, and Qian Xiaoye
Subjects: htgr, engineering simulator, cross section, machine learning, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: With the increasing needs of accurate simulation, the 3-D diffusion reactor physics module has been implemented in HTGR’s engineering simulator to give better neutron dynamics results instead of point kinetics model used in previous nuclear power plant simulators. As the requirement of real-time calculation of nuclear power plant simulator, the cross-sections used in 3-D diffusion module must be calculated very efficiently. Normally, each cross-section in simulator is calculated in the form of polynomial by function of several concerned variables, the expression of which was finalized by multivariate regression from large number scattered database generated by previous calculation. Since the polynomial is explicit and prepared in advance, the cross-sections could be calculated quickly enough in running simulator and achieve acceptable accuracy especially in LWR simulations. However, some of concerned variables in HTGR are in large scope and also the relationships of these variables are non-linear and very complex, it is very hard to use polynomial to meet full range accuracy. In this paper, a cross-section generating method used in HTGR simulator is proposed, which is based on machine learning methods, especially deep neuron network and tree regression methods. This method first uses deep neuron networks to consider the nonlinear relationships between different variables and then uses a tree regression to achieve accurate cross-section results in full range, the parameters of deep neuron networks and tree regression are learned automatically from the scattered database generated by VSOP. With the numerical tests, the proposed cross-section generating method could get more accurate cross-section results and the calculation time is acceptable by the simulator.
Published: 2021
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28. A COMPARISON OF OXIDE DECAY HEAT SIMULATIONS AND NUCLEAR DATA LIBRARIES WITH FUSION IRRADIATION EXPERIMENTS

Author: Packer L W, Angelone M, Gilbert M R, Loreti S, Nobs C R, Pillon M, Sublet J-C, and Vilkhivskaya O
Subjects: decay heat, oxide activation, cross section, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We compare existing experimental decay heat data sets measured at the JAEA fusion neutron source (FNS), which employed a fast extraction rabbit system that in certain cases allowed the measurements to capture, at short cooling times, the decay profile of 16N in a range of oxides. Focussing on those data points and timescales that can be attributed to 16N, we compare measurements to simulations performed using the FISPACT-II inventory code together with evaluated nuclear data libraries. Making small corrections for other contributions at these short times, we derive integral cross section data estimates for 16O(n,p)16N from 12 oxide sample measurements and compare with previously obtained measurements in the IAEA EXFOR database and evaluations in the nuclear data libraries themselves.
Published: 2021
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29. Elastic scattering in geometrical model

Author: Zbigniew Plebaniak and Tadeusz Wibig
Subjects: Elastic scattering, Optical model, Cross section, Cosmic rays, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The experimental data on proton–proton elastic and inelastic scattering emerging from the measurements at the Large Hadron Collider, calls for an efficient model to fit the data. We have examined the optical, geometrical picture and we have found the simplest, linear dependence of this model parameters on the logarithm of the interaction energy with the significant change of the respective slopes at one point corresponding to the energy of about 300 GeV. The logarithmic dependence observed at high energies allows one to extrapolate the proton–proton elastic, total (and inelastic) cross sections to ultra high energies seen in cosmic rays events which makes a solid justification of the extrapolation to very high energy domain of cosmic rays and could help us to interpret the data from an astrophysical and a high energy physics point of view.
Published: 2016
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30. Measurement of the inelastic cross section in proton–lead collisions at sNN=5.02TeV

Author: V. Khachatryan, A.M. Sirunyan, and A. Tumasyan
Subjects: CMS, Forward physics, Proton–lead, Cross section, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The inelastic hadronic cross section in proton–lead collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV is measured with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of L=12.6±0.4 nb−1, has been collected with an unbiased trigger for inclusive particle production. The cross section is obtained from the measured number of proton–lead collisions with hadronic activity produced in the pseudorapidity ranges 3
Published: 2016
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31. Prompt and delayed gamma rays induced by epithermal and fast neutrons with indium

Author: Zeljko Ilic, Matthias Rossbach, Zsolt Révay, Eric Mauerhofer, Jingjing Li, Tsitohaina Randriamalala, Christian Stieghorst, and Thomas Brückel
Subjects: Physics, Isotope, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Gamma ray, chemistry.chemical_element, Neutron radiation, Inelastic scattering, Pollution, Neutron temperature, ddc, Analytical Chemistry, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, ddc:540, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neutron, Irradiation, Article, Epithermal and fast neutrons, Indium, Neutron capture, Cross section, Spectroscopy
Abstract: Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry (2021). doi:10.1007/s10967-021-08102-2, Published by Springer Science + Business Media B.V., Dordrecht [u.a.]
Published: 2021

32. Particle scattering and resonances involving avoided crossing

Author: Yu Kun Yang, Yongjun Cheng, Yong Wu, Yi Zhi Qu, Jian Guo Wang, and Song Bin Zhang
Subjects: resonance, cross section, avoided crossing, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In molecules, the nonadiabatic couplings between two adiabatic potentials build the avoided crossing (AC) region. The rovibronic resonances in the AC region of two-coupled potentials are very special, since they are not in the bound state region of the adiabatic potentials, and they usually do not play important roles on the scatterings and are less discussed. Exemplified in particle scattering, resonances in the AC region are comprehensively investigated. The effects of resonances in the AC region on the scattering cross sections strongly depend on the nonadiabatic couplings of the system, it can be very significant as sharp peaks, or inconspicuous buried in the background. More importantly, it shows a simple quantity proposed by Zhu and Nakamura (1992 J. Chem. Phys. 97 8497) to classify the coupling strength of nonadiabatic interactions, can be well applied to quantitatively estimate the importance of resonances in the AC region. Example applications of the quantity for real molecules (MgH, CO and OH) can well explain the evolutions of cross sections in the AC region published in the literatures. This work provides a simple and practical way to determine the candidate molecules when studying the resonances in the AC region.
Published: 2020
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33. Cross sections for (n, 2n), (n, p), (n, a) and (n, n′) reactions on hafnium isotopes around the neutron energy of 14 MeV

Author: Yong Li, Fengqun Zhou, Yueli Song, Xinyi Chang, Pengfei Ji, Xiaojun Sun, and Guoqiang Li
Subjects: hafnium, cross section, neutron energy of 14 MeV, activation technique, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In view of the fact that the fast-neutron experimental cross-section data of hafnium which is an important structural material of fusion reactor are few and there are the great differences in their evaluation values, several activation cross sections of (n, 2n), (n, p), (n, a) and (n, n′) reactions on hafnium isotopes have been investigated by neutrons generated from the T(d, n) ^4 He reaction at the K-400 Neutron Generator at China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP). The gamma activities of the product nuclei were measured by a high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometer with a coaxial high-purity germanium detector. The ^93 Nb(n, 2n) ^92m Nb reaction was used as neutron fluence standard, these experimental cross sections of the ^174 Hf(n, 2n) ^173 Hf, ^176 Hf(n, 2n) ^175 Hf, ^178 Hf(n, α ) ^175m+g Yb, ^178 Hf(n, p) ^178g Lu, ^178 Hf(n, p) ^178m Lu, ^180 Hf(n, 2n) ^179m2 Hf, ^180 Hf(n, α ) ^177m+g Yb and ^180 Hf(n, n′) ^180m Hf reactions were obtained in the neutron energy range of 13.5–14.8 MeV. These measured cross sections were discussed and compared with some previous experimental results from the literature and with the evaluation data from ENDF/B-VIII.0, CENDL-3.1, JEFF-3.3 and the theoretical results by using the computer code system Talys-1.9.
Published: 2020
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34. Measurements of the ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) differential cross sections in pp collisions at s=7TeV

Author: V. Khachatryan, A.M. Sirunyan, and A. Tumasyan
Subjects: CMS, Upsilon, B-Physics, Cross section, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum pT are presented for the production of ϒ(nS) (n = 1, 2, 3) states decaying into a pair of muons. Data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9fb−1 in pp collisions at s=7TeV were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The analysis selects events with dimuon rapidity |y|
Published: 2015
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35. Electron Scattering from Atoms, Ions and Molecules.

Author: Srivastava, Rajesh, Fursa, Dmitry V., and Srivastava, Rajesh
Subjects: Physics, Research & information: general, ASW potential, Ar and Ar+ collisional radiative model, DWBA, PCI, RF plasma, TDCS, absolute cross sections, angular time delay, argon plasma, chemical model, collisional radiative modeling, correlation polarization, coupled-cluster theory, cross section, cross-sections, dipole polarizability, dynamics, elastic scattering, electric polarizabilities, electron energy distribution, electron impact excitation, electron ionization, electron scattering, electron-impact excitation cross-sections, electrons, ionisation, magic wavelength, magnetron discharges, molecular processes-ISM: molecules, molecules, n/a, optical emission spectroscopy, pulsed gas injection, rate equations, relativistic all-order method, relativistic distorted wave theory, semiempirical potentials, shape resonances, simulation, tin atom, tune-out wavelength, weighted and average sum
Abstract: Summary: Electron collision physics covers a broad range of processes in atoms and molecules. Understanding these processes can be achieved via experimental and theoretical investigations that support and challenge each other. The last few decades have been witness to tremendous progress in both the computational and experimental techniques applied to study and model electron-driven processes. Access to modern supercomputer facilities has allowed for the computational modelling of collision processes involving complex atoms and molecules; in turn, this allows for a sophisticated modelling and the diagnostic assessment of various plasmas. Applications of electron collision physics range from fusion, precision measurement and attoclocks to radiation damage and biomedical research. This volume collates diverse applications of collision physics, highlighting the importance and power of theoretical and computational techniques while also presenting new experiments which disclose exciting new developments in collision processes.

36. Measurement of the muon-neutrino charged-current single charged-pion cross-section on argon with the MicroBooNE detector

Author: Smith, Andrew
Subjects: MicroBooNE, Cross section, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics, Neutrino, Charged current single charged pion, High Energy Physics::Experiment, CC1Pi
Abstract: Several important questions remain open in the field of neutrino oscillation physics, including the possibility of CP-violation in the lepton sector, the ordering of the neutrino mass states and the possible existence of sterile neutrinos. At present, the ability to answer these questions is limited by uncertainties on neutrino-nucleus interaction cross-section models. Consequently, it is key that these uncertainties are constrained by precise cross-section measurements made using experimental data. The MicroBooNE experiment utilises a 90-tonne active mass Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber to image neutrino interactions at the millimetre scale and is ideally suited to measure complex neutrino-argon interactions. This thesis presents a measurement of the muon-neutrino charged-current single charged pion (CC1π± ) cross-section on argon using data from MicroBooNE in the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam. The total flux-integrated forward-folded cross-section is found to be [22.4 ± 0.9 (stat.) ± 5.2 (syst.)] × 10 −41 cm 2, with an efficiency of [18.8 ± 1.3]% and is consistent with the prediction of the GENIE generator. Additionally, the world’s first measurement of the proton-exclusive CC1π ± cross-section is performed with a 300 MeV c−1 proton momentum threshold. Finally, the differential cross-section is extracted with respect to the muon and pion momenta and directions. The pion momentum measurement on argon is also the first to be made. To facilitate these measurements, the Pandora pattern recognition software is employed to identify and reconstruct particle trajectories in MicroBooNE data. A key stage of this process is the identification and removal of cosmic-rays that form the main background to all analyses of neutrino interactions. The approach presented in this thesis is capable of removing 46% of such backgrounds at the cost of only 1.7% of neutrino-induced activity.
Published: 2022
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37. Systematic calculation of nuclear level density parameter

Author: Z Kargar, Z Amini Lary, and A Anbaraki
Subjects: nuclear level density, nuclear reaction rates, cross section, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The knowledge of nuclear reaction rates is important for studying energy production and nucleosynthesis, especially in reactions including nuclei far from stability line, which are not accessible experimentally so far and thus it is necessary to be able to predict reaction cross sections in low excitation energies. Nuclear level density is one of the important key quantities in many nuclear physics fields for both evaluations of reactions cross sections and statistical calculations. Statistical properties of atomic nuclei can be described by considering the excited nuclei as a Fermi gas with non interacting particles consisting of two kinds of particles, protons and neutrons. Back shifted Fermi gas model is a modified form of the original Bethe analytical formula that both the energy shifted parameter E1 and the level density parameter are considered as adjustable parameters, which yield a reasonable fit to the experimental level densities over a wide range of excitation energies. In this article, the results of and E1 from fitting the number of levels versus energy with the corresponding experimental values for 468 nuclei are reported. The dependence of nuclear level density parameter on the mass number A for even- even, odd-A and odd- odd nuclei is given by , and , respectively. Large variations of this parameter in Z=82 and N=126 indicate its strong dependence on shell effects. General behavior of this parameter versus mass number A obeys the relation .These relations are reliable facilities for extrapolating the nuclei far from stability which are not accessible experimentally.
Published: 2013

38. Calculation of total excitation cross section in the collision of bare ions with atomic hydrogen for transition from ground to and states using Born-Faddeev approximation

Author: R Fathi, F Shojaei Akbarabadi, and M A Bolorizadeh
Subjects: ion-atom scattering, excitation channel, Born-Faddeev approximtion, cross section, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In this work, total excitation cross section of atomic hydrogen in the collision of bare ion was calculated employing a three body Faddeev formalism. In the present calculation, initially the first order electronic amplitude was calculated using the interaction potential which led to inelastic form factor. Secondly, the first order nuclear amplitude was calculated and added to the first order electronic amplitude. This second term was calculated employing the near-the-shell two body transition operator. The interaction energy was assumed to be in the intermediate and high energy limits . Finally, the results were compared with the relevant cross sections calculated under monocentric close-coupling data in the literature.
Published: 2013

39. Validation of the Serpent 2-HEXTRAN-SMABRE code sequence in a VVER-1000 coolant transient

Author: Silja Häkkinen, Antti Rintala, and Elina Syrjälahti
Subjects: Physics, validation, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, System code, cross section, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, group constant, Nuclear engineering, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Serpent (symbolism), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Coolant, benchmark, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, code sequence, 0103 physical sciences, hextran, Serpent, 021108 energy, VVER
Abstract: This paper presents a VVER-1000 coolant transient benchmark calculated using Serpent 2 generated group constants in the reactor dynamics code HEXTRAN coupled with the system code SMABRE. Two different sets of group constants applying different leakage correction methods are generated. The purpose of the paper is to validate the Serpent 2-HEXTRAN–SMABRE code sequence in plant transient calculations for a commercial VVER-1000 reactor. Calculated radial power distributions, relative fission power, mass flow rate and coolant heat-up are compared to experimental data. These factors, axial power distributions, radial and axial peaking factors and axial offset are also compared to results calculated using HELIOS generated group constants provided in the benchmark. Results calculated with Serpent generated group constants agree with the experimental data mostly within measurement uncertainty. Deviations larger than measurement uncertainty are explained by the insufficiency of available data needed for the HEXTRAN–SMABRE simulation or the albedo calculations.
Published: 2020

40. Data for Beryllium–Hydrogen Charge Exchange in One and Two Centres Models, Relevant for Tokamak Plasmas

Author: Inga Yu. Tolstikhina, Petr A. Sdvizhenskii, A. B. Kukushkin, Valery S. Lisitsa, and Sergei N. Tugarinov
Subjects: spectroscopy, Tokamak, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), General Mathematics, Joint European Torus, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Ion, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Computer Science (miscellaneous), 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy, Physics, cross section, lcsh:Mathematics, Hydrogen atom, Atomic mass unit, Quantum number, charge exchange, lcsh:QA1-939, tokamak plasmas, chemistry, Chemistry (miscellaneous), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Beryllium, Atomic physics
Abstract: Data on the cross section and kinetic rate of charge exchange (CX) between the bare beryllium nucleus, the ion Be(+4) and the neutral hydrogen atom are of great interest for visible-range high-resolution spectroscopy in the ITER tokamak because beryllium is intended as the material for the first wall in the main chamber. Here an analysis of available data is presented, and the data needs are formulated. Besides the active probe signal produced by the CX of the diagnostic hydrogen neutral beam with impurity ions in plasma, a passive signal produced by the CX of impurity ions with cold edge plasma is also important, as it shows in observation data from the JET (Joint European Torus) tokamak with an ITER-like beryllium wall. Data in the range of a few eV/amu to ~100 eV/amu (amu stands for the atomic mass unit) needed for simulations of level populations for principal and orbital quantum numbers in the emitting beryllium ions Be(+3) can be obtained with the help of two-dimensional kinetic codes. The lack of literature data, especially for data resolved in orbital quantum numbers, has instigated us to make numerical calculations with the ARSENY code. A comparison of the results obtained for the one-centre Coulomb problem using an analytic approach and for the two-centre problem using numerical simulations is presented.
Published: 2021

41. Determination of Relative Ionization Cross Sections for Resonance Enhanced Multiphoton Ionization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Author: Christian Gehm, Thorsten Streibel, Johannes Passig, and Ralf Zimmermann
Subjects: REMPI-TOFMS, quantification, cross section, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Technology, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract: Resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) is a powerful method for the sensitive determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in gaseous mixtures via mass spectrometry (MS). In REMPI, ions are produced by the absorption of at least two photons including defined electronic intermediate states. As a result—unlike other laser-based ionization techniques—spectroscopic selectivity is involved into the ionization process. Nevertheless, these wavelength-dependent ionization rates impede the quantification using REMPI. For this purpose, relative photoionization cross sections (relPICS) give an easy-to-use approach to quantify REMPI-MS measurements. Hereby, the ionization behavior of a single compound was compared to that of a reference substance of a given concentration. In this study, relPICS of selected single-core aromatics and PAHs at wavelengths of 266 nm and 248 nm were determined using two different time-of-flight mass spectrometric systems (TOFMS). For PAHs, relPICS were obtained which showed a strong dependence on the applied laser intensity. In contrast, for single-core aromatics, constant values of relPICS were determined. Deviations of relPICS between both TOFMS systems were found for small aromatics (e.g., benzene), which can be assigned to the differences in UV generation in the particular system. However, the relPICS of this study were found to be in good agreement with previous results and can be used for system-independent quantification.
Published: 2018
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42. Low-Energy Elastic Electron Scattering from Helium Atoms

Author: Robert McEachran, Kathryn R. Hamilton, and Klaus Bartschat
Subjects: Physics, Elastic scattering, polarized orbital, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, cross section, Scattering, Ab initio, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron, QC770-798, helium, Condensed Matter Physics, Collision, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Cross section (physics), chemistry, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, electron scattering, close-coupling, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Physics::Atomic Physics, B-spline R-matrix, Atomic physics, Electron scattering, Helium
Abstract: We reinvestigate a key process in electron-atom collision physics, the elastic scattering of electrons from helium atoms. Specifically, results from a special-purpose relativistic polarized-orbital method, which is designed to treat elastic scattering only, are compared with those from a very extensive, fully ab initio, general-purpose B-spline R-matrix (close-coupling) code.
Published: 2021
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43. The study of the dependency of critical current density on cross section of sample in Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy and YBa2Cu3O7-& delta ceramic superconductors

Author: M Zargar Shoushtari and N Ghazkoob
Subjects: ceramic superconductors, critical current density, cross section, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In this paper, the effect of the cross-section on the critical current density (Jc) of a sample in ceramic superconductors YBa2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) and Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2cu3Oy (BPSCCO) has been studied. Five orthorhombic bar samples of YBCO with cross-sections of 6.25, 7.67, 9.25, 11.76, 14.67 mm2 and also five orthorhombic bar samples of BPSCCO with cross-section of 6.4, 9.01, 11.88, 13.86, 14.98 mm2 with the same synthesis conditions by the solid state reaction method were prepared. After the preparation of the samples, the Meissner effect, the critical temperature (Tc), and the critical current density (Jc) measurements, XRD and SEM have been done on the samples. The results of XRD show that the dominant phase in YBCO and BPSCCO are 123 and 2223, respectively. The results of Jc measurements in 77 K show that in both superconductors, the Jc decreases with increasing of cross-section (A). The type of dissipation obeys a power law with the relation . For a given cross-section, Jc of the BPSCCO sample is smaller than the YBCO sample.
Published: 2006

44. On the Shape of Nucleons at High Energies

Author: Maksim L. Nekrasov
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Motion (geometry), Parton, QC770-798, diffraction cone, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, interaction region, Nuclear Experiment, impact parameter, Physics, Large Hadron Collider, cross section, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, parton model, Transverse plane, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Computer Science::Programming Languages, Impact parameter, Nucleon, proton shape, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: A scenario of evolution of the shape of nucleons with increasing energy is described in the framework of extended parton model, which consistently takes into account the transverse motion of the partons. At the energy $E$ up to LHC, the nucleons have the form of a spheroid which expands as $\sqrt{\ln \!E}$ in the transverse directions and grows linearly in $E$ in the longitudinal direction. With a further increase in the energy a mode of correlated behavior of the partons is established, which stops the longitudinal growth. Simultaneously, the expansion in the transverse directions changes to $\ln \!E$, and a hollow mostly free of partons is formed inside the nucleons along the central axis in the direction of their motion. Numerical estimates of the corresponding parameters are obtained., 13 pages, improved version
Published: 2021
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45. A tidal disruption event coincident with a high-energy neutrino

Author: Yuhan Yao, Eric C. Bellm, V. Brinnel, Anna Franckowiak, Tomas Ahumada, Mansi M. Kasliwal, Mickael Rigault, Erica Hammerstein, Leo Singer, César Rojas-Bravo, Ashish Mahabal, Albert K. H. Kong, Patrick A. Woudt, Jesper Sollerman, Ariel Goobar, Maayane T. Soumagnac, Andrew Drake, Charlotte Ward, Avishay Gal-Yam, George Helou, Kirsty Taggart, Jannis Necker, Thomas Kupfer, Ryan J. Foley, Markus Böttcher, S. Garrappa, Itai Sfaradi, Assaf Horesh, Frank J. Masci, Tiara Hung, Simeon Reusch, Sjoert van Velzen, Daniel Stern, Rob Fender, Ben Rusholme, Russ R. Laher, J. V. Santen, Igor Andreoni, Hector P. Rodriguez, Suvi Gezari, Marek Kowalski, Michael Bietenholz, V. Zach Golkhou, Justin Belicki, Daniel A. Perley, Michael Feeney, Michael W. Coughlin, Rick Burruss, Sara Frederick, James Miller-Jones, Virginia Cunningham, David L. Shupe, Robert Stein, Glennys R. Farrar, Charles D. Kilpatrick, S. Bradley Cenko, Jakob Nordin, Matthew J. Graham, Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: electron, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, neutrino: energy: high, Energy flux, Flux, photon: thermal, Astrophysics, pi: production, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - high energy astrophysical phenomena, neutrino: flux, IceCube, particle: acceleration, ultraviolet, black hole, p: accelerator, site, optical, energy: flux, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), radio wave, education.field_of_study, COSMIC cancer database, cross section, p p, black body, Neutrino, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, interaction, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, GLAST, jet: relativistic, neutrino: production, X-ray, Tidal disruption event, bolometer, neutrino: spectrum, 0103 physical sciences, cosmic radiation: UHE, education, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Photosphere, synchrotron radiation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Doppler effect, Cherenkov counter, electromagnetic, gamma ray, 13. Climate action, star: mass, neutrino: oscillation, galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Cosmic neutrinos provide a unique window into the otherwise-hidden mechanism of particle acceleration in astrophysical objects. A flux of high-energy neutrinos was discovered in 2013, and the IceCube Collaboration recently reported the likely association of one high-energy neutrino with a flare from the relativistic jet of an active galaxy pointed towards the Earth. However a combined analysis of many similar active galaxies revealed no excess from the broader population, leaving the vast majority of the cosmic neutrino flux unexplained. Here we present the likely association of a radio-emitting tidal disruption event, AT2019dsg, with a second high-energy neutrino. AT2019dsg was identified as part of our systematic search for optical counterparts to high-energy neutrinos with the Zwicky Transient Facility. The probability of finding any coincident radio-emitting tidal disruption event by chance is 0.5%, while the probability of finding one as bright in bolometric energy flux as AT2019dsg is 0.2%. Our electromagnetic observations can be explained through a multi-zone model, with radio analysis revealing a central engine, embedded in a UV photosphere, that powers an extended synchrotron-emitting outflow. This provides an ideal site for PeV neutrino production. Assuming that the association is genuine, our observations suggest that tidal disruption events with mildly-relativistic outflows contribute to the cosmic neutrino flux., Comment: Title and text modified during journal review. Version accepted for publication in Nature Astronomy
Published: 2021

46. MODELING OF HEAT EXCHANGE AT TURBULENT FLOW IN FLAT CHANNELS WITH SYMMETRIC TURBULIZERS ON BOTH PARTIES

Author: I. E. Lobanov
Subjects: Technology, two-sided, triangular, grid, heat exchange, rectangular, low-grade, Cross section (physics), symmetrical, Heat exchanger, Shear stress, intensification, turbulent flow, Physics, cross section, Turbulence, square, turbulence, modeling, Mechanics, Dissipation, Vortex, semicircular, Turbulator, Heat transfer, flat channel, mathematical model
Abstract: Objectives. Mathematical modeling of heat transfer in flat channels with turbulators symmetrically located on both its sides, depending on the cross section of the turbulators.Methods. The calculation was carried out on the basis of a theoretical method based on solving the Reynolds equations factorized by the finite-volume finite-volume method, closed using the Menter shear stress transfer model, and the energy equation on multi-scale intersecting structured grids (FCOM), which was successfully tested in [23].Results. The article results of calculating the intensified heat exchange in flat channels with double turbulators of different cross sections (square, rectangular, semicircular, triangular) depending on the determining parameters were quite satisfactorily consistent with the existing experimental material, but having an indisputable advantage over the latter, since the assumptions made in their derivation cover a much wider range of defining parameters than the limitations found in the experiments (Pr=0.7÷100, Re=103÷106, h/dE =0.005÷0.2, t/h=1÷200).Conclusion. According to the results of calculations on the basis of the developed model, it is possible to optimize heat transfer intensification in flat channels with double turbulators of different cross sections, as well as control the heat transfer intensification process. As shown by the calculated data, with the intensification of heat transfer in the flat channels, symmetrical protrusions of square, rectangular and triangular cross sections, i.e. relatively sharp outlines, in the vortices up to the protrusions and behind them the production of turbulence is comparable to energy dissipation, which leads to increased hydraulic losses; for flat channels with protrusions of a semicircular cross section, i.e. relatively smooth outlines, the energy dissipation is much smaller, therefore, the hydraulic resistance in such channels is less. A detailed analysis of the structure of the vortex zones (main, angular, secondary, etc.) between periodic surface flow turbulators of square, semicircular, triangular and rectangular cross sections depending on the geometric and regime parameters of the coolant flow was carried out, the effect of the above vortex zones heat transfer and hydraulic resistance of the channel; additionally confirmed the optimality of application to abrutized turbulators, where hydraulic losses are much smaller than for sharp turbulators, which is directly or indirectly verified by existing experimental material [1—6].
Published: 2019

47. Analysis of neutron capture cross section using different level density models on cadmium isotopes up to 250 keV neutron-induced energy and GEANT4 simulation

Author: Veli Capali and Uşak Üniversitesi
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Physics, Cross section, Isotope, 21.60.-n, Level density models, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, 32.80.Cy, 21.30.Fe, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Superfluidity, Hadronic interactions, Neutron capture, Reactor materials, 28.41.-i, Isotopes of cadmium, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron cross section, 21.10.Ma, Neutron, 28.50.-k, Fermi gas
Abstract: The neutron capture cross-sectional reactions for 106,108,110,111,112,113,114,116Cd isotopes have been calculated with different level density models which are constant temperature Fermi gas (CTFG) model, back-shifted Fermi gas model, generalized superfluid model and Hartree–Fock–Bogoliubov model by using TALYS 1.9 and EMPIRE 3.2 codes for incident neutron energies up to 250 keV. The obtained results have been analyzed with each level density model parameters existing in Reference Input Parameter Library (RIPL-3) and available experimental data. As an outcome, to obtain more precise and coherent calculations with the experimental values, level density model and its parameters have been determined. Also, hadronic interactions of low-energy neutrons have been investigated for a situation by using GEANT4. © 2019, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science.
Published: 2019

48. Effect of energy dependent cross-section on flow velocity measurements with charge exchange spectroscopy in magnetized plasma

Author: Katsumi Ida, Jun Chen, M.Y. Ye, Izumi Murakami, T. Kobayashi, Mikiro Yoshinuma, and B. Lyu
Subjects: Physics, Charge exchange spectroscopy, Cross section, Energetic neutral atom, Hydrogen, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Plasma, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Excited state, Cross section (physics), Large Helical Device, Flow velocity, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Spectroscopy
Abstract: Charge exchange spectroscopy (CXS) is widely used to measure plasma flow velocity. Accurate measurement is heavily affected by energy dependent cross section between neutral atoms and impurity ions. One symmetric layout of poloidal CXS is applied on Large Helical Device. Correction velocity due to the cross section is exacted from total velocity when actual plasma flow velocity is acquired with the benefit of this layout. A linear relationship between correction velocity and ion temperature is observed. Abundant discharges with wide plasma conditions are investigated and the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature with the same beam energy shows the normal distribution. The impact of beam energy on the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature of the carbon system and the hydrogen system is discovered based upon the statistics. Effective emission coefficient (Q) from Atomic Data and Analysis Structure (ADAS) is utilized to study the dependence of correction velocity on Q. The relationship in which the ratio of correction velocity to ion temperature increases linearly with the increasing normalized effective emission coefficient ((1/Q)dQ/dv) is observed. Experimental (1/Q)dQ/dv is obtained according to this observation, and comparison with different fractions of n = 2 excited state is also discussed. The influence of different receivers (carbon and hydrogen) is also presented. The experimental (1/Q)dQ/dv from the carbon system decreases with beam energy decreasing when beam energy is less than 30 keV/amu. This tendency of (1/Q)dQ/dv at low beam energy indicates the existence of the contribution of n = 2 excited state donors to the cross section.
Published: 2019

49. Büyük Etki Parametreleri Bölgesi İçin Elastik Saçılma Genliği

Author: Sajida G. Abdulvahabova, N. Sh. Barkhalova, and T. O. Bayramova
Subjects: Physics, Elastic scattering, etki parametresi, cross section, Basic Sciences, Temel Bilimler, scattering amplitude, tesir kesiti, scattering amplitude,unitarity,cross section,impact parameter,Quasipotential,impact parameter, yarı potansiyel, General Medicine, üniterlik, saçılma genliği, Amplitude, lcsh:TA1-2040, unitarity, lcsh:Q, impact parameter, lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), lcsh:Science, lcsh:Science (General), Yarı potansiyel,saçılma genliği,üniterlik,tesir kesiti,etki parametresi, quasipotential, Mathematical physics, lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract: The work is dedicated to consequences of analyticity and unitarity ofthe scattering amplitude. Using theGaussian quasipotential an equation for the scattering amplitude matrix isobtained and formula is derived for the cross sections. The dependence of thecross section and ratio of the real part of the amplitude in the forwardscattering to its imaginary part of on the momentum are discussed. The steepGaussian peak for cross section at small angles is followed by the exponential(Orear) regime. Results from theoretical approach are compared withexperimental data., Bu çalışmada, saçılma genliğinin analitikliğinin veuniterliğinin gerekliliği incelenmiştir. Gaussiyen yarı-potential kullanılarak,saçılma genliği matrisi için bir denklem elde edilmiş ve tesir kesitleri içinbir formül elde edilmiştir. Tesir kesitin bağımlılığı ve ileri saçılmadakigenliğin gerçel bölümünün momentum üzerindeki sanal kısmına oranıtartışılmıştır. Küçük açılarda tesirkesiti için dik Gaussiyen zirveyi üstel (Orear) rejim takip eder. Teorikyaklaşımdan elde edilen sonuçlar deneysel veriler ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
Published: 2019

50. Extension of experimental activation cross-sections database of deuteron induced nuclear reactions on manganese up to 50 MeV

Author: Ferenc Tarkanyi, Alex Hermanne, A.V. Ignatyuk, Fenyvesy Ditroi, Sandor Takacs, Vriendenkring VUB, Brussels Photonics Team, and Applied Physics and Photonics
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Theoretical model codes, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, chemistry.chemical_element, Manganese, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, Mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Spectroscopy, Physical yield, Physics, Cross section, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Experimental data, Mn, V and Cr radioisotopes, Pollution, 0104 chemical sciences, Off-line gamma spectrometry, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, chemistry, Deuterium, Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Deuteron irradiation, Monoisotopic mass, Activation method
Abstract: In the frame of a systematic study of activation cross sections of deuteron induced reactions, experimental cross section data were measured on Mn (monoisotopic Mn-55) up to 50MeV for the formation of Mn-56,Mn-54,Mn-52, V-48 and Cr-51 by using stacked-foil activation method and high resolution gamma spectrometry. The experimental data are compared with the earlier published data and with the results predicted by the ALICE-IPPE-D and EMPIRE-II-D theoretical codes, and with the data taken from the on-line TENDL-2017 library.
Published: 2019

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