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1. Beam spin asymmetry measurements of deeply virtual π0 production with CLAS12

Author

A. Kim, S. Diehl, K. Joo, V. Kubarovsky, P. Achenbach, Z. Akbar, J.S. Alvarado, Whitney R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, L. Barion, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, B. Benkel, A. Bianconi, A.S. Biselli, M. Bondi, F. Bossù, S. Boiarinov, K.T. Brinkmann, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, S. Bueltmann, V.D. Burkert, R. Capobianco, D.S. Carman, J.C. Carvajal, A. Celentano, G. Charles, P. Chatagnon, V. Chesnokov, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, B. Clary, G. Clash, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, G. Costantini, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, M. Defurne, A. Deur, C. Dilks, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, S. Fegan, A. Filippi, C. Fogler, G. Gavalian, G.P. Gilfoyle, G. Gosta, F.X. Girod, D.I. Glazier, A.A. Golubenko, R.W. Gothe, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, T.B. Hayward, D. Heddle, A. Hobart, M. Holtrop, Yu-Chun Hung, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, E. Isupov, H.S. Jo, R. Johnston, S. Joosten, M. Khachatryan, A. Khanal, W. Kim, V. Klimenko, A. Kripko, S.E. Kuhn, L. Lanza, M. Leali, M.L. Kabir, S. Lee, P. Lenisa, X. Li, I. .J.D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, V. Mascagna, B. McKinnon, D. Matamoros, S. Migliorati, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, P. Moran, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Naidoo, K. Neupane, D. Nguyen, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, M. Ouillon, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, L.L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, S.J. Paul, W. Phelps, N. Pilleux, M. Pokhrel, J. Poudel, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, A. Radic, N. Ramasubramanian, Trevor Reed, J. Richards, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, P. Rossi, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, Y.G. Sharabian, E.V. Shirokov, U. Shrestha, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, M. Spreafico, S. Stepanyan, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, J. Tan, N. Trotta, R. Tyson, M. Ungaro, S. Vallarino, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, D.P. Watts, X. Wei, R. Wishart, M.H. Wood, M. Yurov, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, V. Ziegler, and M. Zurek

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The new experimental measurements of beam spin asymmetry were performed for the deeply virtual exclusive π0 production in a wide kinematic region with the photon virtualities Q2 up to 6.6 GeV2 and the Bjorken scaling variable xB in the valence regime. The data were collected by the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS12) at Jefferson Lab with longitudinally polarized 10.6 GeV electrons scattered on an unpolarized liquid-hydrogen target. Sizable asymmetry values indicate a substantial contribution from transverse virtual photon amplitudes to the polarized structure functions. The interpretation of these measurements in terms of the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) demonstrates their sensitivity to the chiral-odd GPD E¯T, which contains information on quark transverse spin densities in unpolarized and polarized nucleons and provides access to the nucleon's transverse anomalous magnetic moment. Additionally, the data were compared to a theoretical model based on a Regge formalism that was extended to the high photon virtualities.

Published
2024
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2. Note on the definitions of branching ratios of overlapping resonances

Author

V. Burkert, V. Crede, E. Klempt, K.V. Nikonov, J.A. Oller, J.R. Peláez, J. Ruiz de Elvira, A. Sarantsev, L. Tiator, U. Thoma, and R. Workman

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Branching ratios for the decay of hadrons with large width or near thresholds depend on their definition. We test different definitions and show that rather different branching ratios can be obtained. For wide resonances and for sequential decays with wide intermediate resonances, integration over the spectral functions is mandatory. The tests are performed exploiting the latest solution of the Bonn-Gatchina multi-channel analysis and published values for residues of light scalar mesons. For a resonance overlapping with a threshold, in case its pole lies in a non-adjacent sheet, we show how the total width, needed for the branching ratios, does not correspond to the imaginary part of the pole position. We use the Madrid-Krakow dispersive parameterizations to illustrate this situation with the f0(980).

Published
2023
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3. A multidimensional study of the structure function ratio σLT′/σ0 from hard exclusive π+ electro-production off protons in the GPD regime

Author

S. Diehl, A. Kim, K. Joo, P. Achenbach, Z. Akbar, M.J. Amaryan, H. Atac, H. Avagyan, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, L. Baashen, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, B. Benkel, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A.S. Biselli, M. Bondi, W.A. Booth, F. Bossù, S. Boiarinov, K.-Th. Brinkmann, W.J. Briscoe, S. Bueltmann, D. Bulumulla, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, P. Chatagnon, V. Chesnokov, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, G. Clash, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, G. Costantini, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, M. Defurne, A. Deur, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, S. Fegan, A. Filippi, G. Gavalian, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, D.I. Glazier, A.A. Golubenko, G. Gosta, R.W. Gothe, Y. Gotra, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, M. Hattawy, T.B. Hayward, D. Heddle, A. Hobart, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, E.L. Isupov, H.S. Jo, M. Khachatryan, A. Khanal, W. Kim, A. Kripko, V. Kubarovsky, V. Lagerquist, J.-M. Laget, L. Lanza, M. Leali, S. Lee, P. Lenisa, X. Li, K. Livingston, I. .J .D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, V. Mascagna, B. McKinnon, Z.E. Meziani, S. Migliorati, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, E. Molina, R.A. Montgomery, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, P. Naidoo, K. Neupane, S. Niccolai, M. Nicol, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, M. Ouillon, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, L.L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, S.J. Paul, W. Phelps, N. Pilleux, M. Pokhrel, J. Poudel, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, T. Reed, J. Richards, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, P. Rossi, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, S. Schadmand, A. Schmidt, Y. Sharabian, E.V. Shirokov, U. Shrestha, P. Simmerling, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, M. Spreafico, S. Stepanyan, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, J.A. Tan, N. Trotta, M. Turisini, R. Tyson, M. Ungaro, S. Vallarino, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, D.P. Watts, X. Wei, R. Williams, R. Wishart, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, Z.W. Zhao, and M. Zurek

Subjects
Exclusive single pion, Eletroproduction, GPD, CLAS12, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

A multidimensional extraction of the structure function ratio σLT′/σ0 from the hard exclusive e→p→e′nπ+ reaction above the resonance region has been performed. The study was done based on beam-spin asymmetry measurements using a 10.6 GeV incident electron beam on a liquid-hydrogen target and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. The measurements focus on the very forward regime (t/Q2 ≪ 1) with a wide kinematic range of xB in the valence regime (0.17 < xB < 0.55), and virtualities Q2 ranging from 1.5 GeV2 up to 6 GeV2. The results and their comparison to theoretical models based on Generalized Parton Distributions demonstrate the sensitivity to chiral-odd GPDs and the directly related tensor charge of the nucleon. In addition, the data is compared to an extension of a Regge formalism at high photon virtualities. It was found that the Regge model provides a better description at low Q2, while the GPD model is more appropriate at high Q2.

Published
2023
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4. Beam-spin asymmetry Σ for Σ− hyperon photoproduction off the neutron

Author

N. Zachariou, E. Munevar, B.L. Berman, P. Bydžovský, A. Cieplý, G. Feldman, Y. Ilieva, P. Nadel-Turonski, D. Skoupil, A.V. Sarantsev, D.P. Watts, M.J. Amaryan, G. Angelini, W.R. Armstrong, H. Atac, H. Avakian, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, L. Biondo, A.S. Biselli, M. Bondi, F. Bossù, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, D. Bulumulla, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, J.C. Carvajal, A. Celentano, P. Chatagnon, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, G. Costantini, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, M. Defurne, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, M. Dugger, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, S. Fegan, A. Filippi, A. Fradi, G. Gavalian, G.P. Gilfoyle, F.X. Girod, C. Gleason, A.A. Golubenko, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, M. Hattawy, T.B. Hayward, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, A. Hobart, M. Holtrop, D.G. Ireland, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H.S. Jo, K. Joo, D. Keller, A. Khanal, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, F.J. Klein, A. Kripko, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, M. Leali, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, N. Markov, L. Marsicano, V. Mascagna, B. McKinnon, S. Migliorati, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, C. Munoz Camacho, K. Neupane, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, T.R. O'Connell, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, P. Pandey, M. Paolone, L.L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, W. Phelps, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, J. Rowley, F. Sabatie, C. Salgado, A. Schmidt, R.A. Schumacher, Y.G. Sharabian, E.V. Shirokov, U. Shrestha, D. Sokhan, O. Soto, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, P. Stoler, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, R. Tyson, M. Ungaro, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, A. Vossen, E. Voutier, K. Wei, X. Wei, R. Wishart, M.H. Wood, B. Yale, J. Zhang, and Z.W. Zhao

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report a new measurement of the beam-spin asymmetry, Σ, for the γ→n→K+Σ− reaction using quasi-free neutrons in a liquid-deuterium target. The new dataset includes data at previously unmeasured photon energy and angular ranges, thereby providing new constraints on partial wave analyses used to extract properties of the excited nucleon states. The experimental data were obtained using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS), housed in Hall B of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab). The CLAS detector measured reaction products from a liquid-deuterium target produced by an energy-tagged, linearly polarised photon beam with energies in the range 1.1 to 2.3 GeV. Predictions from an isobar model indicate strong sensitivity to N(1720)3/2+, Δ(1900)1/2−, and N(1895)1/2−, which corroborates results from a recent combined analysis of all KΣ channels. When our data are incorporated in the fits of partial-wave analyses, one observes significant changes in γ-n couplings of resonances which have small branching ratios to the πN channel.

Published
2022
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5. Experimental study of the behavior of the Bjorken sum at very low Q2

Author

A. Deur, J.P. Chen, S.E. Kuhn, C. Peng, M. Ripani, V. Sulkosky, K. Adhikari, M. Battaglieri, V.D. Burkert, G.D. Cates, R. De Vita, G.E. Dodge, L. El Fassi, F. Garibaldi, H. Kang, M. Osipenko, J.T. Singh, K. Slifer, J. Zhang, and X. Zheng

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We present new data on the Bjorken sum Γ‾1p−n(Q2) at 4-momentum transfer 0.021≤Q2≤0.496 GeV2. The data were obtained in two experiments performed at Jefferson Lab: EG4 on polarized protons and deuterons, and E97110 on polarized 3He from which neutron data were extracted. The data cover the domain where chiral effective field theory (χEFT), the leading effective theory of the Strong Force at large distances, is expected to be applicable. We find that our data and the predictions from χEFT are only in marginal agreement. This is somewhat surprising as the contribution from the Δ(1232) resonance is suppressed in this observable, which should make it more reliably predicted by χEFT than quantities in which the Δ contribution is important. The data are also compared to a number of phenomenological models with various degrees of agreement.

Published
2022
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6. 12C(e,e'pN) measurements of short range correlations in the tensor-to-scalar interaction transition region

Author

I. Korover, J.R. Pybus, A. Schmidt, F. Hauenstein, M. Duer, O. Hen, E. Piasetzky, L.B. Weinstein, D.W. Higinbotham, S. Adhikari, K. Adhikari, M.J. Amaryan, Giovanni Angelini, H. Atac, L. Barion, M. Battaglieri, A. Beck, I. Bedlinskiy, Fatiha Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, D. Bulumulla, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, P. Chatagnon, T. Chetry, L. Clark, B. Clary, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, V. Crede, R. Cruz-Torres, A. D'Angelo, R. De Vita, M. Defurne, A. Denniston, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, R. Fersch, A. Filippi, T. Forest, G. Gavalian, F.X. Girod, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, T.B. Hayward, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H.S. Jo, K. Joo, S. Joosten, D. Keller, M. Khachatryan, A. Khanal, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, C.W. Kim, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, M. Leali, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, V. Lucherini, I.J.D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, N. Markov, L. Marsicano, V. Mascagna, B. McKinnon, S. Mey-Tal Beck, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, A. Movsisyan, C. Munoz Camacho, B. Mustapha, P. Nadel-Turonski, K. Neupane, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, L.L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, W. Phelps, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, J. Ritman, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, J. Rowley, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, E.P. Segarra, Y.G. Sharabian, U. Shrestha, D. Sokhan, O. Soto, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, J.A. Tan, N. Tyler, M. Ungaro, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, T. Wang, D. Watts, X. Wei, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, Z.W. Zhao, and X. Zheng

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

High-momentum configurations of nucleon pairs at short-distance are probed using measurements of the 12C(e,e′p) and 12C(e,e′pN) reactions (where N is either n or p), at high-Q2 and xB>1.1. The data span a missing-momentum range of 300–1000 MeV/c and are predominantly sensitive to the transition region of the strong nuclear interaction from a Tensor to Scalar interaction. The data are well reproduced by theoretical calculations using the Generalized Contact Formalism with both chiral and phenomenological nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction models. This agreement suggests that the measured high missing-momentum protons up to 1000 MeV/c predominantly belong to short-ranged correlated (SRC) pairs. The measured 12C(e,e′pN) / 12C(e,e′p) and 12C(e,e′pp) / 12C(e,e′pn) cross-section ratios are consistent with a decrease in the fraction of proton-neutron SRC pairs and increase in the fraction of proton-proton SRC pairs with increasing missing momentum. This confirms the transition from an isospin-dependent tensor NN interaction at ∼400 MeV/c to an isospin-independent scalar interaction at high-momentum around ∼800 MeV/c as predicted by theoretical calculation.

Published
2021
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7. Measurement of the beam spin asymmetry of e→p→e′p′η in the deep-inelastic regime with CLAS

Author

B. Zhao, A. Kim, K. Joo, I. Bedlinskiy, W. Kim, V. Kubarovsky, M. Ungaro, S. Adhikari, Z. Akbar, G. Angelini, H. Avakian, J. Ball, N.A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, P. Chatagnon, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, B.A. Clary, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, M. Defurne, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, P. Eugenio, A. Filippi, T.A. Forest, G. Gavalian, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, F.X. Girod, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H.S. Jo, S. Johnston, M.L. Kabir, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, A. Klein, F.J. Klein, S.E. Kuhn, S.V. Kuleshov, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, N. Markov, B. McKinnon, C.A. Meyer, Z.E. Meziani, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, R. Paremuzyan, K. Park, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, M. Ripani, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, P. Rossi, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, Y.G. Sharabian, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, M. Taiuti, J.A. Tan, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, R. Wang, X. Wei, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, and Z.W. Zhao

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The beam spin asymmetry of the exclusive pseudoscalar channel e→p→e′p′η was measured for the first time in the deep-inelastic regime (W>2 GeV/c2 and Q2>1 GeV2/c2) using a longitudinally polarized 5.78 GeV electron beam at Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer. The data were accumulated in 144 four-dimensional bins of Q2, xB, −t and ϕ over a wide kinematic range, where ϕ is the azimuthal angle between the lepton and hadron scattering planes, The measured azimuthal dependence with large amplitudes of the sin⁡ϕ moments is a clear indication of a substantial contribution to the polarized cross-section from transversely polarized virtual photons. In the framework of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) this contribution is expressed via longitudinal-transverse interference between chiral-even and chiral-odd GPDs. The experimental results are compared to the existing theoretical models demonstrating the sensitivity to the product of chiral-odd and chiral-even GPDs and provide new constraints to the existing GPD parameterizations. Keywords: Nucleon structure, CLAS collaboration, Deeply Virtual Meson Production, Chiral-odd generalized parton distributions

Published
2019
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8. First results on nucleon resonance photocouplings from the γp → π+π−p reaction

Author

E. Golovatch, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, R.W. Gothe, K. Hicks, B.S. Ishkhanov, V.I. Mokeev, E. Pasyuk, S. Adhikari, Z. Akbar, M.J. Amaryan, H. Avakian, J. Ball, L. Barion, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, F. Cao, A. Celentano, P. Chatagnon, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, B.A. Clary, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, M. Defurne, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, M. Dugger, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, R. Fersch, A. Filippi, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, D.I. Glazier, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, D. Heddle, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H.S. Jo, S. Johnston, K. Joo, M.L. Kabir, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, W. Kim, A. Klein, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, N. Markov, B. McKinnon, C.A. Meyer, R.A. Montgomery, A. Movsisyan, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, R. Paremuzyan, K. Park, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, M. Ripani, D. Riser, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, Y.G. Sharabian, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D.I. Sober, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, M. Taiuti, J.A. Tan, N. Tyler, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, R. Wang, X. Wei, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, and Z.W. Zhao

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report the first experimental measurements of the nine 1-fold differential cross sections for the γp→π+π−p reaction, obtained with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory. The measurements cover the invariant mass range of the final state hadrons from 1.6 GeV

Published
2019
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9. Beam–target helicity asymmetry E in K+Σ− photoproduction on the neutron

Author

N. Zachariou, D.P. Watts, J. Fleming, A.V. Sarantsev, V.A. Nikonov, A. D'Angelo, M. Bashkanov, C. Hanretty, T. Kageya, F.J. Klein, M. Lowry, H. Lu, A. Sandorfi, X. Wei, I. Zonta, K.P. Adhikari, S. Adhikari, M.J. Amaryan, G. Angelini, G. Asryan, H. Atac, L. Barion, C. Bass, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, F. Benmokhtar, A. Bianconi, A.S. Biselli, F. Bossù, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, D. Bulumulla, V. Burkert, D.S. Carman, J.C. Carvajal, A. Celentano, G. Charles, P. Chatagnon, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, P. Eugenio, S. Fegan, R. Fersch, A. Filippi, G. Gavalian, N. Gevorgyan, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, F.X. Girod, W. Gohn, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, M. Hattawy, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, D. Ho, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H.S. Jo, K. Joo, S.J. Joosten, D. Keller, M. Khachatryan, A. Khanal, M. Khandaker, C.W. Kim, W. Kim, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, M. Leali, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, N. Markov, L. Marsicano, V. Mascagna, M. Mayer, B. McKinnon, Z.E. Meziani, T. Mineeva, V. Mokeev, E. Munevar, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel Turonski, T.R. O'Connell, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, L.L. Pappalardo, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, P. Peng, W. Phelps, O. Pogorelko, J. Poudel, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, A.J.R. Puckett, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, C. Salgado, A. Schmidt, R.A. Schumacher, U. Shrestha, D. Sokhan, O. Soto, N. Sparveris, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, J.A. Tan, N. Tyler, M. Ungaro, L. Venturelli, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, N.K. Walford, C.S. Whisnant, M.H. Wood, J. Zhang, and Z.W. Zhao

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report a measurement of a beam–target double-polarisation observable (E) for the γ→n→(p)→K+Σ−(p) reaction. The data were obtained impinging the circularly-polarised energy-tagged photon beam of Hall B at Jefferson Lab on a longitudinally-polarised frozen-spin hydrogen deuteride (HD) nuclear target. The E observable for an effective neutron target was determined for centre-of-mass energies 1.70≤W≤2.30 GeV, with reaction products detected over a wide angular acceptance by the CLAS spectrometer. These new double-polarisation data give unique constraints on the strange decays of excited neutron states. Inclusion of the new data within the Bonn-Gatchina theoretical model results in significant changes for the extracted photocouplings of a number of established nucleon resonances. Possible improvements in the PWA description of the experimental data with additional “missing” resonance states, including the N(2120)3/2− resonance, are also quantified.

Published
2020
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10. Evidence for the N′(1720)3/2+ nucleon resonance from combined studies of CLAS π+π−p photo- and electroproduction data

Author

V.I. Mokeev, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, L. Elouadrhiri, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K. Hicks, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, K. Joo, N. Markov, E. Pasyuk, and A. Trivedi

Subjects
Two pion production, Resonance couplings, Missing resonances, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The analysis of the nine 1-fold differential cross sections for the γr,vp→π+π−p photo- and electroproduction reactions obtained with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory was carried out with the goal to establish the contributing resonances in the mass range from 1.6 GeV to 1.8 GeV. In order to describe the photo- and electroproduction data with Q2-independent resonance masses and hadronic decay widths in the Q2 range below 1.5 GeV2, it was found that an N′(1720)3/2+ state is required in addition to the already well-established nucleon resonances. This work demonstrates that the combined studies of π+π−p photo- and electroproduction data are vital for the observation of this resonance. The contributions from the N′(1720)3/2+ state and the already established N(1720)3/2+ state with a mass of 1.745 GeV are well separated by their different hadronic decays to the πΔ and ρp final states and the different Q2-evolution of their photo-/electroexcitation amplitudes. The N′(1720)3/2+ state is the first recently established baryon resonance for which the results on the Q2-evolution of the photo-/electrocouplings have become available. These results are important for the exploration of the nature of the “missing” baryon resonances.

Published
2020
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11. Proton-η′ interactions at threshold

Author

A.V. Anisovich, V. Burkert, M. Dugger, E. Klempt, V.A. Nikonov, B.G. Ritchie, A.V. Sarantsev, and U. Thoma

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Recent data on photoproduction of η′ mesons off protons have been included in the data base for the Bonn–Gatchina partial wave analysis. The real and imaginary parts of the S-wave η′p→η′p scattering amplitude in the threshold region were fit to yield the η′p scattering length and the interaction range. This new analysis found |aη′p|=(0.403±0.015±0.060) fm and a phase ϕ=(87±2)∘, while the range parameter is not well-constrained. The striking behavior of the GRAAL data on the beam asymmetry in the threshold region suggests that a narrow proton-η′ resonance might exist. However, the scattering length was found to be relatively insensitive to the possible existence of this narrow resonance. Keywords: Baryon spectroscopy, Meson photoproduction, Polarization observables

Published
2018
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12. Semi-inclusive π0 target and beam-target asymmetries from 6 GeV electron scattering with CLAS

Author

S. Jawalkar, S. Koirala, H. Avakian, P. Bosted, K.A. Griffioen, C. Keith, S.E. Kuhn, K.P. Adhikari, S. Adhikari, D. Adikaram, Z. Akbar, M.J. Amaryan, S. Anefalos Pereira, J. Ball, N.A. Baltzell, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, J. Brock, W.K. Brooks, S. Bültmann, V.D. Burkert, Frank Thanh Cao, C. Carlin, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, G. Charles, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, L. Colaneri, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, O. Cortes, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, M. Defurne, A. Deur, C. Djalali, G. Ddoge, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, S. Fegan, R. Fersch, A. Filippi, J.A. Fleming, T.A. Forest, A. Fradi, M. Garçon, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, C. Gleason, W. Gohn, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, M. Guidal, N. Guler, L. Guo, H. Hakobyan, C. Hanretty, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, G. Hollis, M. Holtrop, S.M. Hughes, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H. Jiang, K. Joo, S. Joosten, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, W. Kim, A. Klein, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, S.V. Kuleshov, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, H.Y. Lu, I.J.D. MacGregor, N. Markov, M. Mayer, M.E. McCracken, B. McKinnon, C.A. Meyer, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, A. Movsisyan, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, L.A. Net, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, I. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, R. Paremuzyan, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, E. Phelps, W. Phelps, J. Pierce, S. Pisano, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, D. Riser, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, P. Rossi, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, E. Seder, Y.G. Sharabian, A. Simonyan, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D.I. Sober, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, I. Stankovic, S. Strauch, M. Taiuti, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, N.K. Walford, D.P. Watts, X. Wei, L.B. Weinstein, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, and Z.W. Zhao

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We present precision measurements of the target and beam-target spin asymmetries from neutral pion electroproduction in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. We scattered 6-GeV, longitudinally polarized electrons off longitudinally polarized protons in a cryogenic 14NH3 target, and extracted double and single target spin asymmetries for ep→e′π0X in multidimensional bins in four-momentum transfer (1.0

Published
2018
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13. Differential cross section for γd → ωd using CLAS at Jefferson Lab

Author

T. Chetry, K. Hicks, N. Compton, M. Sargsian, S. Adhikari, J. Ball, I. Balossino, L. Barion, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, G. Charles, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, Brandon A. Clary, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, A. Deur, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, R. Fersch, A. Filippi, G. Gavalian, Y. Ghandilyan, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, S. Johnston, M.L. Kabir, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, W. Kim, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, N. Markov, B. McKinnon, V. Mokeev, A. Movsisyan, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, R. Paremuzyan, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, W. Phelps, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, M. Ripani, D. Riser, B.G. Ritchie, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D.I. Sober, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, M. Taiuti, J.A. Tan, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, L.B. Weinstein, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, and Z.W. Zhao

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The cross section for coherent ω-meson photoproduction off the deuteron has been measured for the first time as a function of the momentum transfer t=(Pγ−Pω)2 and photon energy Eγ using the CLAS detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The cross sections are measured in the energy range 1.4

Published
2018
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14. Hard exclusive pion electroproduction at backward angles with CLAS

Author

K. Park, M. Guidal, R.W. Gothe, B. Pire, K. Semenov-Tian-Shansky, J.-M. Laget, K.P. Adhikari, S. Adhikari, Z. Akbar, H. Avakian, J. Ball, I. Balossino, N.A. Baltzell, L. Barion, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, V.D. Burkert, F.T. Cao, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, G. Charles, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, M. Defurne, A. Deur, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, R. Fersch, A. Filippi, M. Garçon, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, F.X. Girod, E. Golovatch, K.A. Griffioen, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, C. Hanretty, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, M. Holtrop, C.E. Hyde, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, S. Johnston, K. Joo, M.L. Kabir, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, W. Kim, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, S.E. Kuhn, L. Lanza, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, N. Markov, B. McKinnon, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, M. Paolone, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, W. Phelps, O. Pogorelko, J. Poudel, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, M. Ripani, A. Rizzo, P. Rossi, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, Y. Sharabian, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, M. Taiuti, J.A. Tan, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, X. Wei, N. Zachariou, and J. Zhang

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report on the first measurement of cross sections for exclusive deeply virtual pion electroproduction off the proton, ep→e′nπ+, above the resonance region at backward pion center-of-mass angles. The φπ⁎-dependent cross sections were measured, from which we extracted three combinations of structure functions of the proton. Our results are compatible with calculations based on nucleon-to-pion transition distribution amplitudes (TDAs). These non-perturbative objects are defined as matrix elements of three-quark-light-cone-operators and characterize partonic correlations with a particular emphasis on baryon charge distribution inside a nucleon. Keywords: TDA, Exclusive single pion, Eletroproduction, CLAS

Published
2018
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15. Photon beam asymmetry Σ in the reaction γ→p→pω for Eγ=1.152 to 1.876 GeV

Author

P. Collins, B.G. Ritchie, M. Dugger, F.J. Klein, A.V. Anisovich, E. Klempt, V.A. Nikonov, A. Sarantsev, K.P. Adhikari, S. Adhikari, D. Adikaram, Z. Akbar, S. Anefalos Pereira, H. Avakian, J. Ball, N.A. Baltzell, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, V.D. Burkert, Frank Thanh Cao, T. Cao, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, G. Charles, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, O. Cortes, V. Crede, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, M. Defurne, A. Deur, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, A. Filippi, J.A. Fleming, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, D.I. Glazier, C. Gleason, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, C. Hanretty, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, G. Hollis, M. Holtrop, S.M. Hughes, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H. Jiang, H.S. Jo, S. Joosten, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, W. Kim, A. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, S.V. Kuleshov, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, N. Markov, B. McKinnon, C.A. Meyer, Z.E. Meziani, T. Mineeva, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, A. Movsisyan, E. Munevar, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, L.A. Net, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, I. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, R. Paremuzyan, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, W. Phelps, S. Pisano, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, S. Procureur, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, Y.G. Sharabian, A. Simonyan, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D.I. Sober, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, I. Stankovic, S. Stepanyan, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, M. Taiuti, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, N.K. Walford, D.P. Watts, X. Wei, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, and Z.W. Zhao

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Photon beam asymmetry Σ measurements for ω photoproduction in the reaction γ→p→ωp are reported for photon energies from 1.152 to 1.876 GeV. Data were taken using a linearly-polarized tagged photon beam, a cryogenic hydrogen target, and the CLAS spectrometer in Hall B at Jefferson Lab. The measurements obtained markedly increase the size of the database for this observable, extend coverage to higher energies, and resolve discrepancies in previously published data. Comparisons of these new results with predictions from a chiral-quark-based model and from a dynamical coupled-channels model indicate the importance of interferences between t-channel meson exchange and s- and u-channel contributions, underscoring sensitivity to the nucleon resonances included in those descriptions. Comparisons with the Bonn–Gatchina partial-wave analysis indicate the Σ data reported here help to fix the magnitudes of the interference terms between the leading amplitudes in that calculation (Pomeron exchange and the resonant portion of the JP=3/2+ partial wave), as well as the resonant portions of the smaller partial waves with JP=1/2−, 3/2−, and 5/2+. Keywords: Omega photoproduction, Polarization observable, Beam asymmetry

Published
2017
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16. N⁎→Nη′ decays from photoproduction of η′-mesons off protons

Author

A.V. Anisovich, V. Burkert, P.M. Collins, M. Dugger, E. Klempt, V.A. Nikonov, B.G. Ritchie, A.V. Sarantsev, and U. Thoma

Subjects
Baryon spectroscopy, Meson photoproduction, Polarization observables, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

A study of the partial-wave content of the γp→η′p reaction in the fourth resonance region is presented, which has been prompted by new measurements of polarization observables for that process. Using the Bonn–Gatchina partial-wave formalism, the incorporation of new data indicates that the N(1895)1/2−, N(1900)3/2+, N(2100)1/2+, and N(2120)3/2− are the most significant contributors to the photoproduction process. New results for the branching ratios of the decays of these more prominent resonances to Nη′ final states are provided; such branches have not been indicated in the most recent edition of the Review of Particle Properties. Based on the analysis performed here, predictions for the helicity asymmetry E for the γp→η′p reaction are presented.

Published
2017
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17. Leipzig Ice Nucleation chamber Comparison (LINC): intercomparison of four online ice nucleation counters

Author

M. Burkert-Kohn, H. Wex, A. Welti, S. Hartmann, S. Grawe, L. Hellner, P. Herenz, J. D. Atkinson, F. Stratmann, and Z. A. Kanji

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Ice crystal formation in atmospheric clouds has a strong effect on precipitation, cloud lifetime, cloud radiative properties, and thus the global energy budget. Primary ice formation above 235 K is initiated by nucleation on seed aerosol particles called ice-nucleating particles (INPs). Instruments that measure the ice-nucleating potential of aerosol particles in the atmosphere need to be able to accurately quantify ambient INP concentrations. In the last decade several instruments have been developed to investigate the ice-nucleating properties of aerosol particles and to measure ambient INP concentrations. Therefore, there is a need for intercomparisons to ensure instrument differences are not interpreted as scientific findings.In this study, we intercompare the results from parallel measurements using four online ice nucleation chambers. Seven different aerosol types are tested including untreated and acid-treated mineral dusts (microcline, which is a K-feldspar, and kaolinite), as well as birch pollen washing waters. Experiments exploring heterogeneous ice nucleation above and below water saturation are performed to cover the whole range of atmospherically relevant thermodynamic conditions that can be investigated with the intercompared chambers. The Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator (LACIS) and the Portable Immersion Mode Cooling chAmber coupled to the Portable Ice Nucleation Chamber (PIMCA-PINC) performed measurements in the immersion freezing mode. Additionally, two continuous-flow diffusion chambers (CFDCs) PINC and the Spectrometer for Ice Nuclei (SPIN) are used to perform measurements below and just above water saturation, nominally presenting deposition nucleation and condensation freezing.The results of LACIS and PIMCA-PINC agree well over the whole range of measured frozen fractions (FFs) and temperature. In general PINC and SPIN compare well and the observed differences are explained by the ice crystal growth and different residence times in the chamber. To study the mechanisms responsible for the ice nucleation in the four instruments, the FF (from LACIS and PIMCA-PINC) and the activated fraction, AF (from PINC and SPIN), are compared. Measured FFs are on the order of a factor of 3 higher than AFs, but are not consistent for all aerosol types and temperatures investigated. It is shown that measurements from CFDCs cannot be assumed to produce the same results as those instruments exclusively measuring immersion freezing. Instead, the need to apply a scaling factor to CFDCs operating above water saturation has to be considered to allow comparison with immersion freezing devices. Our results provide further awareness of factors such as the importance of dispersion methods and the quality of particle size selection for intercomparing online INP counters.

Published
2017
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18. Photon beam asymmetry Σ for η and η′ photoproduction from the proton

Author

P. Collins, B.G. Ritchie, M. Dugger, A.V. Anisovich, M. Döring, E. Klempt, V.A. Nikonov, D. Rönchen, D. Sadasivan, A. Sarantsev, K.P. Adhikari, Z. Akbar, M.J. Amaryan, S. Anefalos Pereira, H. Avakian, J. Ball, I. Balossino, M. Bashkanov, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, V.D. Burkert, Frank Thanh Cao, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, S. Chandavar, G. Charles, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, L. Colaneri, P.L. Cole, N. Compton, M. Contalbrigo, O. Cortes, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, A. Deur, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, E. Fanchini, G. Fedotov, A. Filippi, J.A. Fleming, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, D.I. Glazier, C. Gleason, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, C. Hanretty, N. Harrison, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, M. Holtrop, S.M. Hughes, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H.S. Jo, S. Joosten, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, W. Kim, A. Klein, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, N. Markov, B. McKinnon, C.A. Meyer, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, A. Movsisyan, C. Munoz Camacho, G. Murdoch, P. Nadel-Turonski, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, I. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, R. Paremuzyan, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, W. Phelps, S. Pisano, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, P. Roy, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, Y.G. Sharabian, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, M. Taiuti, Ye Tian, B. Torayev, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, N.K. Walford, X. Wei, N. Zachariou, and J. Zhang

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Measurements of the linearly-polarized photon beam asymmetry Σ for photoproduction from the proton of η and η′ mesons are reported. A linearly-polarized tagged photon beam produced by coherent bremsstrahlung was incident on a cryogenic hydrogen target within the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer. Results are presented for the γp→ηp reaction for incident photon energies from 1.070 to 1.876 GeV, and from 1.516 to 1.836 GeV for the γp→η′p reaction. For γp→ηp, the data reported here considerably extend the range of measurements to higher energies, and are consistent with the few previously published measurements for this observable near threshold. For γp→η′p, the results obtained are consistent with the few previously published measurements for this observable near threshold, but also greatly expand the incident photon energy coverage for that reaction. Initial analysis of the data reported here with the Bonn–Gatchina model strengthens the evidence for four nucleon resonances – the N(1895)1/2−, N(1900)3/2+, N(2100)1/2+ and N(2120)3/2− resonances – which presently lack the “four-star” status in the current Particle Data Group compilation, providing examples of how these new measurements help refine models of the photoproduction process. Keywords: Meson photoproduction, Eta photoproduction, Eta-prime photoproduction, Polarization observable, Photon beam asymmetry

Published
2017
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19. Differential cross sections and polarization observables from CLAS K⁎ photoproduction and the search for new N⁎ states

Author

A.V. Anisovich, K. Hicks, E. Klempt, V.A. Nikonov, A. Sarantsev, W. Tang, D. Adikaram, Z. Akbar, M.J. Amaryan, S. Anefalos Pereira, R.A. Badui, J. Ball, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, W.J. Briscoe, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, S. Chandavar, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, L. Clark, P.L. Cole, N. Compton, M. Contalbrigo, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, A. Deur, C. Djalali, M. Dugger, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, P. Eugenio, E. Fanchini, G. Fedotov, A. Filippi, J.A. Fleming, N. Gevorgyan, Y. Ghandilyan, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, C. Gleason, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, L. Guo, C. Hanretty, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, M. Holtrop, S.M. Hughes, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H. Jiang, H.S. Jo, S. Joosten, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, W. Kim, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, N. Markov, B. McKinnon, C.A. Meyer, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, A. Movsisyan, E. Munevar, C. Munoz Camacho, G. Murdoch, P. Nadel-Turonski, L.A. Net, A. Ni, S. Niccolai, I. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, R. Paremuzyan, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, P. Peng, W. Phelps, S. Pisano, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, A.J.R. Puckett, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, B.G. Ritchie, G. Rosner, P. Roy, F. Sabatié, R.A. Schumacher, Y.G. Sharabian, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, I. Stankovic, S. Stepanyan, S. Strauch, V. Sytnik, Ye. Tian, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, N.K. Walford, D.P. Watts, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, and I. Zonta

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The reaction γp→K⁎+Λ was measured using the CLAS detector for photon energies between the threshold and 3.9 GeV at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. For the first time, spin-density matrix elements have been extracted for this reaction. Differential cross sections, spin density matrix elements, and the Λ recoil polarization are compared with theoretical predictions using the BnGa partial wave analysis. The main result is the evidence for significant contributions from N(1895)1/2− and N(2100)1/2+ to the reaction. Branching ratios for decays into K⁎Λ for these resonances and further resonances are reported. Keywords: Baryon spectroscopy, Meson photoproduction, Polarization observables

Published
2017
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20. Target and double spin asymmetries of deeply virtual π0 production with a longitudinally polarized proton target and CLAS

Author

A. Kim, H. Avakian, V. Burkert, K. Joo, W. Kim, K.P. Adhikari, Z. Akbar, S. Anefalos Pereira, R.A. Badui, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, P. Bosted, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, S. Bültmann, T. Cao, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, S. Chandavar, G. Charles, T. Chetry, L. Colaneri, P.L. Cole, N. Compton, M. Contalbrigo, O. Cortes, V. Crede, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, C. Djalali, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, R. Fersch, A. Filippi, J.A. Fleming, A. Fradi, M. Garc con, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, W. Gohn, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, C. Hanretty, M. Hattawy, D. Heddle, K. Hicks, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, D. Jenkins, H. Jiang, H.S. Jo, S. Joosten, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, A. Klein, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, S.E. Kuhn, S.V. Kuleshov, L. Lanza, P. Lenisa, H.Y. Lu, I.J.D. MacGregor, N. Markov, P. Mattione, M.E. McCracken, B. McKinnon, V. Mokeev, A. Movsisyan, E. Munevar, P. Nadel-Turonski, L.A. Net, S. Niccolai, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, K. Park, E. Pasyuk, W. Phelps, S. Pisano, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, M. Ripani, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, P. Rossi, P. Roy, C. Salgado, R.A. Schumacher, E. Seder, Y.G. Sharabian, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, P. Stoler, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, V. Sytnik, M. Taiuti, B. Torayev, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, D.P. Watts, X. Wei, L.B. Weinstein, N. Zachariou, L. Zana, and J. Zhang

Subjects
Nucleon structure, CLAS collaboration, Deeply Virtual Meson Production, Chiral-odd generalized parton distributions, Longitudinally polarized target, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The target and double spin asymmetries of the exclusive pseudoscalar channel e→p→→epπ0 were measured for the first time in the deep-inelastic regime using a longitudinally polarized 5.9 GeV electron beam and a longitudinally polarized proton target at Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The data were collected over a large kinematic phase space and divided into 110 four-dimensional bins of Q2, xB, −t and ϕ. Large values of asymmetry moments clearly indicate a substantial contribution to the polarized structure functions from transverse virtual photon amplitudes. The interpretation of experimental data in terms of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) provides the first insight on the chiral-odd GPDs H˜T and ET, and complement previous measurements of unpolarized structure functions sensitive to the GPDs HT and E¯T. These data provide a crucial input for parametrizations of essentially unknown chiral-odd GPDs and will strongly influence existing theoretical calculations based on the handbag formalism.

Published
2017
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21. Evidence for Δ(2200)7/2− from photoproduction and consequence for chiral-symmetry restoration at high mass

Author

A.V. Anisovich, V. Burkert, J. Hartmann, E. Klempt, V.A. Nikonov, E. Pasyuk, A.V. Sarantsev, S. Strauch, and U. Thoma

Subjects
Partial-wave analysis, Baryon resonance, Photoproduction, Chiral symmetry, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We report a partial-wave analysis of new data on the double-polarization variable E for the reactions γp→π+n and γp→π0p and of further data published earlier. The analysis within the Bonn–Gatchina (BnGa) formalism reveals evidence for a poorly known baryon resonance, the one-star Δ(2200)7/2−. This is the lowest-mass Δ⁎ resonance with spin-parity JP=7/2−. Its mass is significantly higher than the mass of its parity partner Δ(1950)7/2+ which is the lowest-mass Δ⁎ resonance with spin-parity JP=7/2+. It has been suggested that chiral symmetry might be restored in the high-mass region of hadron excitations, and that these two resonances should be degenerate in mass. Our findings are in conflict with this prediction.

Published
2017
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22. High precision measurement of Compton scattering in the 5 GeV region

Author

P. Ambrozewicz, L. Ye, Y. Prok, I. Larin, A. Ahmidouch, K. Baker, V. Baturin, L. Benton, A. Bernstein, V. Burkert, E. Clinton, P.L. Cole, P. Collins, D. Dale, S. Danagoulian, G. Davidenko, R. Demirchyan, A. Deur, A. Dolgolenko, D. Dutta, G. Dzyubenko, A. Evdokimov, G. Fedotov, J. Feng, M. Gabrielyan, L. Gan, H. Gao, A. Gasparian, N. Gevorkyan, S. Gevorkyan, A. Glamazdin, V. Goryachev, L. Guo, V. Gyurjyan, K. Hardy, J. He, E. Isupov, M.M. Ito, L. Jiang, H. Kang, D. Kashy, M. Khandaker, P. Kingsberry, F. Klein, A. Kolarkar, M. Konchatnyi, O. Korchin, W. Korsch, O. Kosinov, S. Kowalski, M. Kubantsev, A. Kubarovsky, V. Kubarovsky, D. Lawrence, X. Li, M. Levillain, H. Lu, L. Ma, P. Martel, V. Matveev, D. McNulty, B. Mecking, A. Micherdzinska, B. Milbrath, R. Minehart, R. Miskimen, V. Mochalov, B. Morrison, S. Mtingwa, I. Nakagawa, S. Overby, E. Pasyuk, M. Payen, K. Park, R. Pedroni, W. Phelps, D. Protopopescu, D. Rimal, B.G. Ritchie, D. Romanov, C. Salgado, A. Shahinyan, A. Sitnikov, D. Sober, S. Stepanyan, W. Stephens, V. Tarasov, S. Taylor, A. Teymurazyan, J. Underwood, A. Vasiliev, V. Vishnyakov, D.P. Weygand, M. Wood, Y. Zhang, S. Zhou, and B. Zihlmann

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The cross section of atomic electron Compton scattering γ+e→γ′+e′ was measured in the 4.400–5.475 GeV photon beam energy region by the PrimEx collaboration at Jefferson Lab with an accuracy of 2.6% and less. The results are consistent with theoretical predictions that include next-to-leading order radiative corrections. The measurements provide the first high precision test of this elementary QED process at beam energies greater than 0.1 GeV.

Published
2019
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23. Measurement of nuclear transparency ratios for protons and neutrons

Author

M. Duer, O. Hen, E. Piasetzky, L.B. Weinstein, A. Schmidt, I. Korover, E.O. Cohen, H. Hakobyan, S. Adhikari, G. Angelini, H. Avakian, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, L. Barion, M. Battaglieri, A. Beck, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, W. Brooks, V.D. Burkert, F. Cao, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, P. Chatagnon, T. Chetry, G. Ciullo, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, O. Cortes, V. Crede, R. Cruz Torres, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, A. Deur, S. Diehl, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, Burcu Duran, H. Egiyan, M. Ehrhart, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, P. Eugenio, A. Filippi, T.A. Forest, G.P. Gilfoyle, F.X. Girod, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, C. Hanretty, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, F. Hauenstein, T.B. Hayward, D. Heddle, M. Holtrop, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, H.S. Jo, S. Johnston, K. Joo, S. Joosten, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khachatryan, A. Khanal, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, W. Kim, A. Klein, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, S.E. Kuhn, S.V. Kuleshov, L. Lanza, G. Laskaris, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, I.J.D. MacGregor, D. Marchand, B. McKinnon, S. Mey-Tal Beck, T. Mineeva, M. Mirazita, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, A. Movsisyan, C. Munoz Camacho, B. Mustapha, P. Nadel-Turonski, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, M. Paolone, L.L. Pappalardo, R. Paremuzyan, E. Pasyuk, M. Patsyuk, D. Payette, J. Price, D. Pocanic, O. Pogorelko, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, D. Riser, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, P. Rossi, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, B.A. Schmookler, R.A. Schumacher, E.P. Segarra, Y.G. Sharabian, Iu. Skorodumina, D. Sokhan, O. Soto, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, S. Strauch, M. Taiuti, J.A. Tan, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, R. Wang, X. Wei, N. Zachariou, J. Zhang, Z.W. Zhao, and X. Zheng

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

This paper presents, for the first time, measurements of neutron transparency ratios for nuclei relative to C measured using the (e,e′n) reaction, spanning measured neutron momenta of 1.4 to 2.4 GeV/c. The transparency ratios were extracted in two kinematical regions, corresponding to knockout of mean-field nucleons and to the breakup of Short-Range Correlated nucleon pairs. The extracted neutron transparency ratios are consistent with each other for the two measured kinematical regions and agree with the proton transparencies extracted from new and previous (e,e′p) measurements, including those from neutron-rich nuclei such as lead. The data also agree with and confirm the Glauber approximation that is commonly used to interpret experimental data. The nuclear-mass-dependence of the extracted transparencies scales as Aα with α=−0.289±0.007, which is consistent with nuclear-surface dominance of the reactions.

Published
2019
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24. First measurement of the helicity asymmetry E in η photoproduction on the proton

Author

I. Senderovich, B.T. Morrison, M. Dugger, B.G. Ritchie, E. Pasyuk, R. Tucker, J. Brock, C. Carlin, C.D. Keith, D.G. Meekins, M.L. Seely, D. Rönchen, M. Döring, P. Collins, K.P. Adhikari, D. Adikaram, Z. Akbar, M.D. Anderson, S. Anefalos Pereira, R.A. Badui, J. Ball, N.A. Baltzell, M. Battaglieri, V. Batourine, I. Bedlinskiy, A.S. Biselli, S. Boiarinov, W.J. Briscoe, W.K. Brooks, V.D. Burkert, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, S. Chandavar, G. Charles, L. Colaneri, P.L. Cole, M. Contalbrigo, O. Cortes, V. Credé, A. D'Angelo, N. Dashyan, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, A. Deur, C. Djalali, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, S. Fegan, A. Filippi, J.A. Fleming, A. Fradi, B. Garillon, Y. Ghandilyan, G.P. Gilfoyle, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, D.I. Glazier, J.T. Goetz, W. Gohn, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, C. Hanretty, M. Hattawy, K. Hicks, D. Ho, M. Holtrop, S.M. Hughes, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, D. Jenkins, H. Jiang, H.S. Jo, K. Joo, S. Joosten, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, M.C. Kunkel, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, H.Y. Lu, I.J.D. MacGregor, P. Mattione, B. McKinnon, C.A. Meyer, T. Mineeva, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, A. Movsisyan, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, L.A. Net, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, I. Niculescu, M. Osipenko, K. Park, S. Park, P. Peng, W. Phelps, S. Pisano, O. Pogorelko, J.W. Price, Y. Prok, A.J.R. Puckett, M. Ripani, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, P. Roy, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, D. Schott, R.A. Schumacher, E. Seder, A. Simonyan, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D.I. Sober, N. Sparveris, S. Stepanyan, P. Stoler, I.I. Strakovsky, S. Strauch, V. Sytnik, Ye Tian, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, N.K. Walford, X. Wei, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, L. Zana, J. Zhang, Z.W. Zhao, and I. Zonta

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Results are presented for the first measurement of the double-polarization helicity asymmetry E for the η photoproduction reaction γp→ηp. Data were obtained using the FROzen Spin Target (FROST) with the CLAS spectrometer in Hall B at Jefferson Lab, covering a range of center-of-mass energy W from threshold to 2.15 GeV and a large range in center-of-mass polar angle. As an initial application of these data, the results have been incorporated into the Jülich–Bonn model to examine the case for the existence of a narrow N⁎ resonance between 1.66 and 1.70 GeV. The addition of these data to the world database results in marked changes in the predictions for the E observable from that model. Further comparison with several theoretical approaches indicates these data will significantly enhance our understanding of nucleon resonances. Keywords: Eta photoproduction, Polarization observable, Helicity asymmetry

Published
2016
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25. N* Experiments and what they tell us about Strong QCD Physics

Author

Burkert V. D.

Subjects
light-quark baryon excitation, electroexci tation of nucleon resonances, quark core, meson-baryon contributions, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

I give an overview on experimental studies of the spectrum and the structure of the excited states of the nucleon and what we can learn about their in ternal structure. One focus is on the efforts to obtain a more complete picture of the light-quark baryon exci tation spectrum employing electromagnetic beams that will allow us to draw some conclusions on the symme tries underlying the spectrum. For the higher mass ex citations, the full employment of coupled channel ap proaches is essential when searching for new excited states in the large amounts of data already accumulated in different channels involving a variety of polarization observables. The other focus is on the study of transition form factors and helicity amplitudes and their de pendences on Q2, especially on some of the more promi nent resonances, especially Δ(1232)3/2+, N(1440)1/2+, and negative parity states N(1535)1/2-, and N(1675)5/2-.These were obtained in pion and eta electroproduction experi ments off proton targets and have already led to further insights in the active degrees-of-freedom as a function of the distance scale involved.

Published
2020
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26. First measurement of the polarization observable E in the p→(γ→,π+)n reaction up to 2.25 GeV

Author

S. Strauch, W.J. Briscoe, M. Döring, E. Klempt, V.A. Nikonov, E. Pasyuk, D. Rönchen, A.V. Sarantsev, I. Strakovsky, R. Workman, K.P. Adhikari, D. Adikaram, M.D. Anderson, S. Anefalos Pereira, A.V. Anisovich, R.A. Badui, J. Ball, V. Batourine, M. Battaglieri, I. Bedlinskiy, N. Benmouna, A.S. Biselli, J. Brock, W.K. Brooks, V.D. Burkert, T. Cao, C. Carlin, D.S. Carman, A. Celentano, S. Chandavar, G. Charles, L. Colaneri, P.L. Cole, N. Compton, M. Contalbrigo, O. Cortes, V. Crede, N. Dashyan, A. D'Angelo, R. De Vita, E. De Sanctis, A. Deur, C. Djalali, M. Dugger, R. Dupre, H. Egiyan, A. El Alaoui, L. El Fassi, L. Elouadrhiri, P. Eugenio, G. Fedotov, S. Fegan, A. Filippi, J.A. Fleming, T.A. Forest, A. Fradi, N. Gevorgyan, Y. Ghandilyan, K.L. Giovanetti, F.X. Girod, D.I. Glazier, W. Gohn, E. Golovatch, R.W. Gothe, K.A. Griffioen, M. Guidal, L. Guo, K. Hafidi, H. Hakobyan, C. Hanretty, N. Harrison, M. Hattawy, K. Hicks, D. Ho, M. Holtrop, S.M. Hughes, Y. Ilieva, D.G. Ireland, B.S. Ishkhanov, E.L. Isupov, D. Jenkins, H. Jiang, H.S. Jo, K. Joo, S. Joosten, C.D. Keith, D. Keller, G. Khachatryan, M. Khandaker, A. Kim, W. Kim, A. Klein, F.J. Klein, V. Kubarovsky, S.E. Kuhn, P. Lenisa, K. Livingston, H.Y. Lu, I.J.D. MacGregor, N. Markov, B. McKinnon, D.G. Meekins, C.A. Meyer, V. Mokeev, R.A. Montgomery, C.I. Moody, H. Moutarde, A. Movsisyan, E. Munevar, C. Munoz Camacho, P. Nadel-Turonski, L.A. Net, S. Niccolai, G. Niculescu, I. Niculescu, G. O'Rielly, M. Osipenko, A.I. Ostrovidov, K. Park, P. Peng, W. Phelps, J.J. Phillips, S. Pisano, O. Pogorelko, S. Pozdniakov, J.W. Price, S. Procureur, Y. Prok, D. Protopopescu, A.J.R. Puckett, B.A. Raue, M. Ripani, B.G. Ritchie, A. Rizzo, G. Rosner, P. Roy, F. Sabatié, C. Salgado, D. Schott, R.A. Schumacher, E. Seder, M.L. Seely, I. Senderovich, Y.G. Sharabian, A. Simonyan, Iu. Skorodumina, G.D. Smith, D.I. Sober, D. Sokhan, N. Sparveris, P. Stoler, S. Stepanyan, V. Sytnik, M. Taiuti, Ye Tian, A. Trivedi, R. Tucker, M. Ungaro, H. Voskanyan, E. Voutier, N.K. Walford, D.P. Watts, X. Wei, M.H. Wood, N. Zachariou, L. Zana, J. Zhang, Z.W. Zhao, and I. Zonta

Subjects
Baryon spectroscopy, Pion photoproduction, Polarization observables, FROST experiment, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

First results from the longitudinally polarized frozen-spin target (FROST) program are reported. The double-polarization observable E, for the reaction γ→p→→π+n, has been measured using a circularly polarized tagged-photon beam, with energies from 0.35 to 2.37 GeV. The final-state pions were detected with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer in Hall B at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. These polarization data agree fairly well with previous partial-wave analyses at low photon energies. Over much of the covered energy range, however, significant deviations are observed, particularly in the high-energy region where high-L multipoles contribute. The data have been included in new multipole analyses resulting in updated nucleon resonance parameters. We report updated fits from the Bonn–Gatchina, Jülich–Bonn, and SAID groups.

Published
2015
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27. Core formation in high-z massive haloes: heating by post-compaction satellites and response to AGN outflows

Author

Fangzhou Jiang, Sharon Lapiner, Xiaolong Du, Andreas Burkert, Jonathan Freundlich, Avishai Dekel, Joel R. Primack, Reinhard Genzel, Daniel Ceverino, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (ObAS), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Vela, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Accretion (astrophysics), Galaxy, Virial theorem, Supernova, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Dynamical friction, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy rotation curve
Abstract

Observed rotation curves in star-forming galaxies indicate a puzzling dearth of dark matter in extended flat cores within haloes of mass $\geq\! 10^{12}M_\odot$ at $z\!\sim\! 2$. This is not reproduced by current cosmological simulations, and supernova-driven outflows are not effective in such massive haloes. We address a hybrid scenario where post-compaction merging satellites heat up the dark-matter cusps by dynamical friction, allowing AGN-driven outflows to generate cores. Using analytic and semi-analytic models (SatGen), we estimate the dynamical-friction heating as a function of satellite compactness for a cosmological sequence of mergers. Cosmological simulations (VELA) demonstrate that satellites of initial virial masses $>\!10^{11.3}M_\odot$, that undergo wet compactions, become sufficiently compact for significant heating. Constituting a major fraction of the accretion onto haloes $\geq\!10^{12}M_\odot$, these satellites heat-up the cusps in half a virial time at $z\!\sim\! 2$. Using a model for outflow-driven core formation (CuspCore), we demonstrate that the heated dark-matter cusps develop extended cores in response to removal of half the gas mass, while the more compact stellar systems remain intact. The mergers keep the dark matter hot, while the gas supply, fresh and recycled, is sufficient for the AGN outflows. AGN indeed become effective in haloes $\geq\!10^{12}M_\odot$, where the black-hole growth is no longer suppressed by supernovae and its compaction-driven rapid growth is maintained by a hot CGM. For simulations to reproduce the dynamical-friction effects, they should resolve the compaction of the massive satellites and avoid artificial tidal disruption. AGN feedback could be boosted by clumpy black-hole accretion and clumpy response to AGN., 25+10 pages, 10+8 figures

Published
2021

28. Rise and fall of post-starburst galaxies in Magneticum Pathfinder

Author

Rhea-Silvia Remus, Andreas Burkert, Marcel Lotz, and Klaus Dolag

Subjects
Physics, education.field_of_study, Stellar mass, Star formation, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Galaxy formation and evolution, Cluster (physics), education, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster
Abstract

Post-starburst galaxies (PSBs) belong to a short-lived transition population between star-forming (SF) and quiescent galaxies. Deciphering their heavily discussed evolutionary pathways is paramount to understanding galaxy evolution. We aim to determine the dominant mechanisms governing PSB evolution in both the field and in galaxy clusters. Using the cosmological hydrodynamical simulation suite Magneticum Pathfinder, we identify 647 PSBs with $z \sim 0$ stellar mass $M_* \geq 5 \cdot 10^{10} \, \mathrm{M_{\odot}}$. We track their galactic evolution, merger history, and black hole activity over a time-span of 3.6Gyr. Additionally, we study cluster PSBs identified at different redshifts and cluster masses. Independent of environment and redshift, we find that PSBs, like SF galaxies, have frequent mergers. At z=0, 89% of PSBs have experienced mergers and 65% had at least one major merger within the last 2.5Gyr, leading to strong star formation episodes. In fact, 23% of z=0 PSBs were rejuvenated during their starburst. Following the mergers, field PSBs are generally shutdown via a strong increase in AGN feedback (power output $P_{AGN,PSB} \geq 10^{56}\,$erg/Myr). We find agreement with observations for both stellar mass functions and z = 0.9 line-of-sight phase space distributions of PSBs in galaxy clusters. Finally, we find that $z \lesssim 0.5$ cluster PSBs are predominantly infalling, especially in high mass clusters and show no signs of enhanced AGN activity. Thus, we conclude that the majority of cluster PSBs are shutdown via an environmental quenching mechanism such as ram-pressure stripping, while field PSBs are mainly quenched by AGN feedback., 28 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS

Published
2021

29. Globular cluster numbers in dark matter haloes in a dual formation scenario: an empirical model within <scp>emerge</scp>

Author

Lucas M. Valenzuela, Benjamin P. Moster, Rhea-Silvia Remus, Joseph A. O'Leary, and Andreas Burkert

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Virial mass, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Accretion (astrophysics), Galaxy, Virial theorem, Dark matter halo, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Globular cluster, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Halo, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present an empirical model for the number of globular clusters (GCs) in galaxies based on recent data showing a tight relationship between dark matter halo virial masses and GC numbers. While a simple base model forming GCs in low-mass haloes reproduces this relation, we show that a second formation pathway for GCs is needed to account for observed younger GC populations. We confirm previous works that reported the observed linear correlation as being a consequence of hierarchical merging and its insensitivity to the exact GC formation processes at higher virial masses, even for a dual formation scenario. We find that the scatter of the linear relation is strongly correlated with the relative amount of smooth accretion: the more dark matter is smoothly accreted, the fewer GCs a halo has compared to other haloes of the same mass. This scatter is smaller than that introduced by halo mass measurements, indicating that the number of GCs in a galaxy is a good tracer for its dark matter mass. Smooth accretion is also the reason for a lower average dark matter mass per GC in low-mass haloes. Finally, we successfully reproduce the observed general trend of GCs being old and the tendency of more massive haloes hosting older GC systems. Including the second GC formation mechanism through gas-rich mergers leads to a more realistic variety of GC age distributions and also introduces an age inversion in the halo virial mass range $\log M_\mathrm{vir}/\mathrm{M}_\odot = 11{-}13$., Comment: 18 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2021

30. Dwarfs in the Milky Way halo outer rim: first infall or backsplash satellites?

Author

Matías Blaña, Michael Fellhauer, Marc Schartmann, C. Alig, and Andreas Burkert

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Proper motion, Accretion (meteorology), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Milky Way, FOS: Physical sciences, Local Group, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Virial mass, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Dark matter halo, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Halo, Eridanus, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Leo T is a gas-rich dwarf located at 414kpc $(1.4R_{\rm vir})$ distance from the Milky Way (MW) and it is currently assumed to be on its first approach. Here, we present an analysis of orbits calculated backward in time for the dwarf with our new code {\sc delorean}, exploring a range of systematic uncertainties, e.g. MW virial mass and accretion, M31 potential, and cosmic expansion. We discover that orbits with tangential velocities in the Galactic Standard-of-Rest frame lower than $|\vec{u}_{\rm t}^{\rm GSR}|\!\leq\! 63^{+47}_{-39}{\rm\, km\, s^{-1}}$ result in backsplash solutions, i.e. orbits that entered and left the MW dark matter halo in the past, and that velocities above $|\vec{u}_{\rm t}^{\rm GSR}|\!\geq\!21^{+33}_{-21}{\rm\, km\, s^{-1}}$ result in wide orbit backsplash solutions with a minimum pericenter range of $D_{\rm min}\!\geq\!38^{+26}_{-16}{\rm \,kpc}$, which would allow this satellite to survive gas stripping and tidal disruption. Moreover, new proper motion estimates match with our region of backsplash solutions. We applied our method to other distant MW satellites, finding a range of gas stripped backsplash solutions for the gas-less Cetus and Eridanus II, providing a possible explanation for their lack of cold gas, while only first in-fall solutions are found for the HI rich Phoenix I. We also find that the cosmic expansion can delay their first pericenter passage when compared to the non-expanding scenario. This study explores the provenance of these distant dwarfs and provides constraints on the environmental and internal processes that shaped their evolution and current properties., Comment: 23 pages, ACCEPTED IN MNRAS

Published
2020

31. On the origin of magnetic driven winds and the structure of the galactic dynamo in isolated galaxies

Author

Ulrich P. Steinwandel, Almudena Prieto, Benjamin P. Moster, Andreas Burkert, Klaus Dolag, and Harald Lesch

Subjects
Physics, Field (physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Magnetic field, Dipole, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Magnetic pressure, Pitch angle, Induction equation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Dynamo
Abstract

We investigate the build-up of the galactic dynamo and subsequently the origin of a magnetic driven outflow. We use a setup of an isolated disc galaxy with a realistic circum-galactic medium (CGM). We find good agreement of the galactic dynamo with theoretical and observational predictions from the radial and toroidal components of the magnetic field as function of radius and disc scale height. We find several field reversals indicating dipole structure at early times and quadrupole structure at late times. Together with the magnetic pitch angle and the dynamo control parameters $R_{\alpha}$, $R_{\omega}$ and $D$ we present strong evidence for an $\alpha^2$-$\Omega$ dynamo. The formation of a bar in the centre leads to further amplification of the magnetic field via adiabatic compression which subsequently drives an outflow. Due to the Parker-Instability the magnetic field lines rise to the edge of the disc, break out and expand freely in the CGM driven by the magnetic pressure. Finally, we investigate the correlation between magnetic field and star formation rate. Globally, we find that the magnetic field is increasing as function of the star formation rate surface density with a slope between $0.3$ and $0.45$ in good agreement with predictions from theory and observations. Locally, we find that the magnetic field can decrease while star formation increases. We find that this effect is correlated with the diffusion of magnetic field from the spiral arms to the inter-arm regions which we explicitly include by solving the induction equation and accounting for non-linear terms., Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2020

32. Kinematics of simulated galaxies II: Probing the stellar kinematics of galaxies out to large radii

Author

Felix Schulze, Klaus Dolag, Andreas Burkert, Rhea-Silvia Remus, Duncan A. Forbes, and Sabine Bellstedt

Subjects
Physics, Stellar kinematics, Star formation, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Radius, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Accretion (astrophysics), Galaxy, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Halo, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate the stellar kinematics of a sample of galaxies extracted from the hydrodynamic cosmological Magneticum Pathfinder simulations out to five half-mass radii. We construct differential radial stellar spin profiles quantified by the observationally widely used λ and the closely related (V/σ) parameters. We find three characteristic profile shapes: profiles exhibiting a (i) peak within 2.5 half-mass radii and a subsequent decrease; (ii) continuous increase that plateaus at larger radii typically with a high amplitude; (iii) completely flat behaviour typically with low amplitude, in agreement with observations. This shows that the kinematic state of the stellar component can vary significantly with radius, suggesting a distinct interplay between in-situ star formation and ex-situ accretion of stars. Following the evolution of our sample through time, we provide evidence that the accretion history of galaxies with decreasing profiles is dominated by the anisotropic accretion of low-mass satellites that get disrupted beyond ∼2.0 half-mass radii, building up a stellar halo with non-ordered motion while maintaining the central rotation already present at z = 2. In fact, at z = 2 decreasing profiles are the predominant profile class. Hence, we can predict a distinct formation pathway for galaxies with a decreasing profile and show that the centre resembles an old embedded disc. Furthermore, we show that the radius of the kinematic transition provides a good estimation for the transition radius from in-situ stars in the centre to accreted stars in the halo.

Published
2020

33. Three-dimensional simulations of clump formation in stellar wind collisions

Author

Christopher M. P. Russell, Joaquin Prieto, Jorge Cuadra, Marc Schartmann, Diego Calderón, and Andreas Burkert

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Foundation (engineering), Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), symbols, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The inner parsec of our Galaxy contains tens of Wolf–Rayet stars whose powerful outflows are constantly interacting while filling the region with hot, diffuse plasma. Theoretical models have shown that, in some cases, the collision of stellar winds can generate cold, dense material in the form of clumps. However, their formation process and properties are not well understood yet. In this work, we present, for the first time, a statistical study of the clump formation process in unstable wind collisions. We study systems with dense outflows (${\sim }10^{-5}\rm \ M_{\odot }\ yr^{-1}$), wind speeds of 500–$1500\rm \ km\ s^{-1}$, and stellar separations of ∼20–$200\rm \ au$. We develop three-dimensional high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations of stellar wind collisions with the adaptive-mesh refinement grid-based code ramses. We aim at characterizing the initial properties of clumps that form through hydrodynamic instabilities, mostly via the non-linear thin-shell instability (NTSI). Our results confirm that more massive clumps are formed in systems whose winds are close to the transition between the radiative and adiabatic regimes. Increasing either the wind speed or the degree of asymmetry increases the dispersion of the clump mass and ejection speed distributions. Nevertheless, the most massive clumps are very light (∼10−3–$10^{-2}\rm \ M_{\oplus }$), about three orders of magnitude less massive than theoretical upper limits. Applying these results to the Galactic Centre, we find that clumps formed through the NTSI should not be heavy enough either to affect the thermodynamic state of the region or to survive for long enough to fall on to the central supermassive black hole.

Published
2020

34. The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG

Author

Robert Andritschke, Christian Schmid, Joern Wilms, T. Mernik, Josef Eder, C. Tenzer, Mara Salvato, Lothar Strüder, Lars Tiedemann, Michael Freyberg, V. Arefiev, E. Churazov, V. Babyshkin, Esra Bulbul, Benjamin Mican, H. Scheuerle, Axel Schwope, Hermann Brunner, D. Coutinho, Georg Lamer, Jan Robrade, Miriam E. Ramos-Ceja, Heinrich Bräuninger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Kirpal Nandra, Peter Friedrich, Marcella Brusa, Tanja Eraerds, Joachim Trümper, I. Lomakin, I. Lapshov, Antonis Georgakakis, Joseph J. Mohr, W. Kink, A. Gueguen, Thomas H. Reiprich, Vadim Burwitz, Daniel Pietschner, Frank Haberl, N. Clerc, Jonas Reiffers, Ian M. Stewart, O. Batanov, Chandreyee Maitra, Katharina Borm, M. Buntov, V. Nazarov, Th. Boller, Alexis Finoguenov, Sebastian Müller, Emanuele Perinati, Matthias Steinmetz, A. Shirshakov, S. Friedrich, Valeri Yaroshenko, F. Korotkov, Peter Predehl, Andreas von Kienlin, P. Weber, Valentin Emberger, M. N. Pavlinsky, Florian Pacaud, W. Bornemann, Thomas Dauser, Marcus Brüggen, Norbert Meidinger, Gisela Hartner, Konrad Dennerl, A. V. Bogomolov, O. Hälker, P. Gureev, B. Menz, Wolfgang Burkert, Jeremy S. Sanders, Werner Becker, Andrea Merloni, Rashid Sunyaev, Long Ji, V. Voron, S. Granato, Maria Fürmetz, Manami Sasaki, Andrea Santangelo, Hans Böhringer, Guenther Hasinger, Arne Rau, Victor Doroshenko, H. Huber, Ingo Kreykenbohm, Tie Liu, Marat Gilfanov, Christoph Grossberger, Jürgen H. M. M. Schmitt, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Predehl P., Andritschke R., Arefiev V., Babyshkin V., Batanov O., Becker W., Boehringer H., Bogomolov A., Boller T., Borm K., Bornemann W., Br'auninger H., Br'uggen M., Brunner H., Brusa M., Bulbul E., Buntov M., Burwitz V., Burkert W., Clerc N., Churazov E., Coutinho D., Dauser T., Dennerl K., Doroshenko V., Eder J., Emberger V., Eraerds T., Finoguenov A., Freyberg M., Friedrich P., Friedrich S., Fuermetz M., Georgakakis A., Gilfanov M., Granato S., Grossberger C., Gueguen A., Gureev P., Haberl F., Haelker O., Hartner G., Hasinger G., Huber H., Ji L., Kienlin A., v., Kink W., Korotkov F., Kreykenbohm I., Lamer G., Lomakin I., Lapshov I., Liu T., Maitra C., Meidinger N., Menz B., Merloni A., Mernik T., Mican B., Mohr J., M'uller S., Nandra K., Nazarov V., Pacaud F., Pavlinsky M., Perinati E., Pfeffermann E., Pietschner D., Ramos-Ceja M.,~E., Rau A., Reiffers J., Reiprich T.,~H., Robrade J., Salvato M., Sanders J., Santangelo A., Sasaki M., Scheuerle H., Schmid C., Schmitt J., Schwope A., Shirshakov A., Steinmetz M., Stewart I., Strueder L., Sunyaev R., Tenzer C., Tiedemann L., Truemper J., Voron V., Weber P., Wilms J., Yaroshenko V., Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
X-rays general, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, X-ray telescope, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Telescope, space vehicles: instruments, X-rays: general, surveys, dark energy, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, law, 0103 physical sciences, ROSAT, Dark energy, Space vehicles instruments, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, Supermassive black hole, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Celestial sphere, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the primary instrument on the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission, which was successfully launched on July 13, 2019, from the Baikonour cosmodrome. After the commissioning of the instrument and a subsequent calibration and performance verification phase, eROSITA started a survey of the entire sky on December 13, 2019. By the end of 2023, eight complete scans of the celestial sphere will have been performed, each lasting six months. At the end of this program, the eROSITA all-sky survey in the soft X-ray band (0.2--2.3\,keV) will be about 25 times more sensitive than the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, while in the hard band (2.3--8\,keV) it will provide the first ever true imaging survey of the sky. The eROSITA design driving science is the detection of large samples of galaxy clusters up to redshifts $z>1$ in order to study the large-scale structure of the universe and test cosmological models including Dark Energy. In addition, eROSITA is expected to yield a sample of a few million AGNs, including obscured objects, revolutionizing our view of the evolution of supermassive black holes. The survey will also provide new insights into a wide range of astrophysical phenomena, including X-ray binaries, active stars, and diffuse emission within the Galaxy. Results from early observations, some of which are presented here, confirm that the performance of the instrument is able to fulfil its scientific promise. With this paper, we aim to give a concise description of the instrument, its performance as measured on ground, its operation in space, and also the first results from in-orbit measurements., 16 pages, 19 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics

Published
2021

35. First measurement of timelike Compton scattering

Author

Chatagnon, P., Niccolai, S., Stepanyan, S., Amaryan, M. J., Angelini, G., Armstrong, W. R., Atac, H., Gayoso, C. Ayerbe, Baltzell, N. A., Barion, L., Bashkanov, M., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biondo, L., Biselli, A. S., Bondi, M., Bossù, F., Boiarinov, S., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Caudron, M., Celentano, A., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clark, L., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Costantini, G., Crede, V., D'Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., Defurne, M., De Vita, R., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Dupré, R., Egiyan, H., Ehrhart, M., Alaoui, A. El, Fassi, L. El, Elouadrhiri, L., Fegan, S., Fersch, R., Filippi, A., Gavalian, G., Ghandilyan, Y., Gilfoyle, G. P., Girod, F. X., Glazier, D. I., Golubenko, A. A., Gothe, R. W., Gotra, Y., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Guo, L., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Hyde, C. E., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Kabir, M. L., Keller, D., Khachatryan, G., Khanal, A., Kim, A., Kim, W., Kripko, A., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lee, S., Lenisa, P., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I . J . D., Marchand, D., Marsicano, L., Mascagna, V., Mckinnon, B., McLauchlin, C., Migliorati, S., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Montgomery, R. A., Camacho, C. Munoz, Nadel-Turonski, P., Naidoo, P., Neupane, K., O'Connell, T. R., Osipenko, M., Ouillon, M., Pandey, P., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Pasyuk, E., Phelps, W., Pogorelko, O., Poudel, J., Price, J. W., Prok, Y., Raue, B. A., Reed, T., Ripani, M., Rizzo, A., Rossi, P., Rowley, J., Sabatié, F., Schmidt, A., Segarra, E. P., Sharabian, Y. G., Shirokov, E. V., Shrestha, U., Sokhan, D., Soto, O., Sparveris, N., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tyler, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Vallarino, S., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Vossen, A., Voutier, E., Watts, D. P., Wei, K., Wei, X., Wishart, R., Yale, B., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., Collaboration, the CLAS, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova (INFN, Sezione di Genova), and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)

Subjects
gpds, electroproduction, pressure, proton, Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Socio-culturale, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Economica, PE2_2, PE2_1, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, PE2_3, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Parton Distribution Functions, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/04, Quark model of nucleons, QCD, Compton Scattering, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

We present the first measurement of the timelike Compton scattering process, γp→p′γ*(γ*→e+e−), obtained with the CLAS12 detector at Jefferson Lab. The photon beam polarization and the decay lepton angular asymmetries are reported in the range of timelike photon virtualities 2.25

Published
2021

36. The KMOS3DSurvey: Investigating the Origin of the Elevated Electron Densities in Star-forming Galaxies at 1 ≲ z ≲ 3

Author

N. M. Förster Schreiber, Jeffrey C. C. Chan, Ric Davies, Matteo Fossati, M. H. Fabricius, Amiel Sternberg, S. Belli, T. Taro Shimizu, T. Naab, R. Genzel, A. Burkert, Dieter Lutz, Sedona H. Price, Linda J. Tacconi, Alvio Renzini, Alessandra Beifiori, D. Wilman, A. Contursi, Andreas Schruba, J. T. Mendel, Hannah Übler, Rodrigo Herrera-Camus, Emily Wisnioski, R. P. Saglia, Minju Lee, Stijn Wuyts, Rebecca L. Davies, Davies, R, Schreiber, N, Genzel, R, Shimizu, T, Schruba, A, Tacconi, L, Obler, H, Wisnioski, E, Wuyts, S, Fossati, M, Herrera-Camus, R, Lutz, D, Mendel, J, Naab, T, Price, S, Renzini, A, Wilman, D, Beifiori, A, Belli, S, Burkert, A, Chan, J, Contursi, A, Fabricius, M, Lee, M, Saglia, R, and Sternberg, A

Subjects
Physics, kinematic, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, galaxie, galaxy evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Electron, Star (graph theory), 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Interstellar medium, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate what drives the redshift evolution of the typical electron density (n e ) in star-forming galaxies, using a sample of 140 galaxies drawn primarily from KMOS3D (0.6 < z < 2.6) and 471 galaxies from SAMI (z < 0.113). We select galaxies that do not show evidence of active galactic nucleus activity or outflows to constrain the average conditions within H ii regions. Measurements of the [S ii]λ6716/[S ii]λ6731 ratio in four redshift bins indicate that the local n e in the line-emitting material decreases from 187 cm−3 at z ∼ 2.2 to 32 cm−3 at z ∼ 0, consistent with previous results. We use the Hα luminosity to estimate the rms n e averaged over the volumes of star-forming disks at each redshift. The local and volume-averaged n e evolve at similar rates, hinting that the volume filling factor of the line-emitting gas may be approximately constant across 0 ≲ z ≲ 2.6. The KMOS3D and SAMI galaxies follow a roughly monotonic trend between n e and star formation rate, but the KMOS3D galaxies have systematically higher n e than the SAMI galaxies at a fixed offset from the star-forming main sequence, suggesting a link between the n e evolution and the evolving main sequence normalization. We quantitatively test potential drivers of the density evolution and find that n e (rms) , suggesting that the elevated n e in high-z H ii regions could plausibly be the direct result of higher densities in the parent molecular clouds. There is also tentative evidence that n e could be influenced by the balance between stellar feedback, which drives the expansion of H ii regions, and the ambient pressure, which resists their expansion.

Published
2021

37. Electron-beam energy reconstruction for neutrino oscillation measurements

Author

Khachatryan, M., Papadopoulou, A., Ashkenazi, A., Hauenstein, F., Nambrath, A., Hrnjic, A., Weinstein, L. B., Hen, O., Piasetzky, E., Betancourt, M., Dytman, S., Mahn, K., Coloma, P., Adhikari, S., Amaryan, M. J., Angelini, Giovanni, Atac, H., Barion, L., Battaglieri, M., Bedlinskiy, I., Beck, A., Benmokhtar, F., Bianconi, A., Biselli, A. S., Bossu, F., Boiarinov, S., Briscoe, W. J., Brooks, W. K., Bulumulla, D., Burkert, V. D., Carman, D. S., Carvajal, J. C., Celentano, A., Chatagnon, P., Chesnokov, V., Chetry, T., Ciullo, G., Clark, Louise, Clary, B. A., Cohen, E. O., Cole, P. L., Contalbrigo, M., Crede, V., Cruz-Torres, R., D’Angelo, A., Dashyan, N., De Vita, R., Defurne, M., Denniston, A., Deur, A., Diehl, S., Djalali, C., Duer, M., Dupre, R., Egiyan, H., Ehrhart, M., El Alaoui, A., El Fassi, L., Elouadrhiri, L., Eugenio, P., Fersch, R., Filippi, A., Forest, T. A., Gavalian, G., Gilfoyle, G. P., Giovanetti, K. L., Girod, F. X., Glazier, D. I., Golovatch, E., Gothe, R. W., Griffioen, K. A., Guidal, M., Guo, L., Hakobyan, H., Hattawy, M., Hayward, T. B., Heddle, D., Hicks, K., Hobart, A., Holtrop, M., Ilieva, Y., Ireland, D. G., Ishkhanov, B. S., Isupov, E. L., Jo, H. S., Joo, K., Keller, D., Khanal, A., Khandaker, M., Kim, C. W., Kim, W., Korover, I., Kubarovsky, V., Kuhn, S. E., Lanza, L., Leali, M., Lenisa, P., Livingston, K., MacGregor, I. J. D., Marchand, D., Markov, N., Marsicano, L., Mascagna, V., McKinnon, B., May-Tal Beck, S., Mineeva, T., Mirazita, M., Mokeev, V., Movsisyan, A., Munoz Camacho, C., Nadel-Turonski, P., Neupane, K., Niccolai, S., Niculescu, G., Osipenko, M., Ostrovidov, A. I., Paolone, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Paremuzyan, R., Park, K., Pasyuk, E., Pogorelko, O., Poudel, J., Prok, Y., Protopopescu, D., Pybus, J., Ripani, M., Raue, B., Ritman, J., Rizzo, A., Rosner, G., Rossi, P., Sabati, F., Salgado, C., Schmidt, A., Schumacher, R. A., Segarra, E. P., Sharabian, Y. G., Shrestha, U., Skorodumina, Iu., Sokhan, D., Soto, O., Sparveris, N., Stepanyan, S., Strakovsky, I. I., Strauch, S., Tyler, N., Tyson, R., Ungaro, M., Venturelli, L., Voskanyan, H., Voutier, E., Watts, D., Wei, X., Wood, M. H., Zachariou, N., Zhang, J., Zhao, Z. W., Dolan, S., Megias, G. D., Gardiner, S., and Old Dominion University [Norfolk] (ODU)

Subjects
Standard Model, media_common.quotation_subject, Socio-culturale, neutrino-nucleus interactions, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Neutrino Oscillations, Pion, Economica, PE2_2, PE2_1, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, PE2_4, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Oscillation, Settore FIS/04, Ambientale, Universe, Computational physics, electron scattering, Neutrino, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Neutrinos exist in one of three types or ‘flavours’—electron, muon and tau neutrinos—and oscillate from one flavour to another when propagating through space. This phenomena is one of the few that cannot be described using the standard model of particle physics (reviewed in ref. 1), and so its experimental study can provide new insight into the nature of our Universe (reviewed in ref. 2). Neutrinos oscillate as a function of their propagation distance (L) divided by their energy (E). Therefore, experiments extract oscillation parameters by measuring their energy distribution at different locations. As accelerator-based oscillation experiments cannot directly measure E, the interpretation of these experiments relies heavily on phenomenological models of neutrino–nucleus interactions to infer E. Here we exploit the similarity of electron–nucleus and neutrino–nucleus interactions, and use electron scattering data with known beam energies to test energy reconstruction methods and interaction models. We find that even in simple interactions where no pions are detected, only a small fraction of events reconstruct to the correct incident energy. More importantly, widely used interaction models reproduce the reconstructed energy distribution only qualitatively and the quality of the reproduction varies strongly with beam energy. This shows both the need and the pathway to improve current models to meet the requirements of next-generation, high-precision experiments such as Hyper-Kamiokande (Japan)3 and DUNE (USA)4. Electron scattering measurements are shown to reproduce only qualitatively state-of-the-art lepton–nucleus energy reconstruction models, indicating that improvements to these particle-interaction models are required to ensure the accuracy of future high-precision neutrino oscillation experiments.

Published
2021

38. Stellar feedback in a clumpy galaxy at z ∼3.4

Author

A. Zanella, Michael Hilker, F. Arrigoni-Battaia, Johan Richard, Francesco Valentino, Martin Zwaan, Chian-Chou Chen, Christopher Harrison, Manuel Behrendt, Eric Emsellem, Joel Vernet, Jérémy Fensch, E. Le Floc'h, Andreas Burkert, G. Rodighiero, Eros Vanzella, Pascale Hibon, Max Gronke, E. Iani, A. M. Swinbank, Vincenzo Mainieri, Astronomy, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Stellar population, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxy formation and evolution, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, galaxies: irregular, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), galaxies: star formation, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: ISM
Abstract

Giant star-forming regions (clumps) are widespread features of galaxies at $z \approx 1-4$. Theory predicts that they can play a crucial role in galaxy evolution if they survive to stellar feedback for > 50 Myr. Numerical simulations show that clumps' survival depends on the stellar feedback recipes that are adopted. Up to date, observational constraints on both clumps' outflows strength and gas removal timescale are still uncertain. In this context, we study a line-emitting galaxy at redshift $z \simeq 3.4$ lensed by the foreground galaxy cluster Abell 2895. Four compact clumps with sizes $\lesssim$ 280 pc and representative of the low-mass end of clumps' mass distribution (stellar masses $\lesssim 2\times10^8\ {\rm M}_\odot$) dominate the galaxy morphology. The clumps are likely forming stars in a starbursting mode and have a young stellar population ($\sim$ 10 Myr). The properties of the Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) emission and nebular far-ultraviolet absorption lines indicate the presence of ejected material with global outflowing velocities of $\sim$ 200-300 km/s. Assuming that the detected outflows are the consequence of star formation feedback, we infer an average mass loading factor ($\eta$) for the clumps of $\sim$ 1.8 - 2.4 consistent with results obtained from hydro-dynamical simulations of clumpy galaxies that assume relatively strong stellar feedback. Assuming no gas inflows (semi-closed box model), the estimates of $\eta$ suggest that the timescale over which the outflows expel the molecular gas reservoir ($\simeq 7\times 10^8\ \text{M}_\odot$) of the four detected low-mass clumps is $\lesssim$ 50 Myr., Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures + Appendix. Published in MNRAS

Published
2021

39. Rotation Curves in z~1-2 Star-Forming Disks: Comparison of Dark Matter Fractions and Disk Properties for Different Fitting Methods

Author

A. Nestor, Richard Davies, Ralf Bender, Roger L. Davies, Thorsten Naab, Roberto Neri, H. Übler, Alvio Renzini, N. M. Förster Schreiber, Linda J. Tacconi, Emily Wisnioski, R. Coogan, Rodrigo Herrera-Camus, M.-J. Lee, Andreas Burkert, Dieter Lutz, Andreas Schruba, Alessandra Contursi, Amiel Sternberg, Taro Shimizu, Roberto P. Saglia, Stijn Wuyts, Sedona H. Price, K. F. Schuster, and Reinhard Genzel

Subjects
Effective radius, Physics, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Kinematics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Parameter space, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Dark matter halo, Space and Planetary Science, Bulge, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Galaxy rotation curve, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a follow-up analysis examining the dynamics and structures of 41 massive, large star-forming galaxies at z~0.67-2.45 using both ionized and molecular gas kinematics. We fit the galaxy dynamics with models consisting of a bulge, a thick, turbulent disk, and a NFW dark matter halo, using code that fully forward models the kinematics, including all observational and instrumental effects. We explore the parameter space using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling, including priors based on stellar and gas masses and disk sizes. We fit the full sample using extracted 1D kinematic profiles. For a subset of 14 well-resolved galaxies, we also fit the 2D kinematics. The MCMC approach robustly confirms the results from least-squares fitting presented in Paper I (Genzel et al. 2020): the sample galaxies tend to be baryon-rich on galactic scales (within one effective radius). The 1D and 2D MCMC results are also in good agreement for the subset, demonstrating that much of the galaxy dynamical information is captured along the major axis. The 2D kinematics are more affected by the presence of non-circular motions, which we illustrate by constructing a toy model with constant inflow for one galaxy that exhibits residual signatures consistent with radial motions. This analysis, together with results from Paper I and other studies, strengthens the finding that massive, star-forming galaxies at z~1-2 are baryon-dominated on galactic scales, with lower dark matter fractions towards higher baryonic surface densities. Finally, we present details of the kinematic fitting code used in this analysis., Accepted for publication in ApJ (23 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables)

Published
2021

40. Efficient Methanol Production on the Dark Side of a Prestellar Core

Author

Hope Chen, Philip C. Myers, Silvia Spezzano, Alyssa A. Goodman, Romane Le Gal, Claire Rist, Yancy L. Shirley, Paola Caselli, Jaime E. Pineda, Olli Sipilae, Rolf Guesten, Rachel Friesen, Stella S. R. Offner, Andreas Burkert, Charlotte Vastel, Mika Juvela, Pierre Hily-Blant, A. Vasyunin, Alexandre Faure, Luca Bizzocchi, Laurent Wiesenfield, Anna Punanova, Jorma Harju, Erik Rosolowsky, João Alves, Stephan Schlemmer, Harju J., Pineda J.E., Vasyunin A.I., Caselli P., Offner S.S.R., Goodman A.A., Juvela M., Sipila O., Faure A., Le Gal R., Hily-Blant P., Alves J., Bizzocchi L., Burkert A., Chen H., Friesen R.K., Gusten R., Myers P.C., Punanova A., Rist C., Rosolowsky E., Schlemmer S., Shirley Y., Spezzano S., Vastel C., Wiesenfeld L., Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Aimé Cotton (LAC), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics, CNRS-Université de Paris-Sud, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Helsinki, Department of Physics

Subjects
DESORPTION, Interstellar dust processe, MOLECULAR COMPOSITION, FOS: Physical sciences, DUST, Astrophysics, Interstellar molecule, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, Instability, Dense interstellar clouds, 010305 fluids & plasmas, chemistry.chemical_compound, CHEMISTRY, Desorption, 0103 physical sciences, WATER, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS, Astrochemistry, Physics, Molecular cloud, Photodissociation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Monoxide, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, CLOUD, Core (optical fiber), [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [PHYS.ASTR.GA]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], chemistry, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, GAS, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Ophiuchus, RADIATION, Methanol, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], INTERSTELLAR MATTER
Abstract

We present ALMA maps of the starless molecular cloud core Ophiuchus/H-MM1 in the lines of deuterated ammonia (ortho-NH2D), methanol (CH3OH), and sulphur monoxide (SO). The dense core is seen in NH2D emission, whereas the CH3OH and SO distributions form a halo surrounding the core. Because methanol is formed on grain surfaces, its emission highlights regions where desorption from grains is particularly efficient. Methanol and sulphur monoxide are most abundant in a narrow zone that follows the eastern side of the core. This side is sheltered from the stronger external radiation field coming from the west. We show that photodissociation on the illuminated side can give rise to an asymmetric methanol distribution, but that the stark contrast observed in H-MM1 is hard to explain without assuming enhanced desorption on the shaded side. The region of the brightest emission has a wavy structure that rolls up at one end. This is the signature of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability occurring in sheared flows. We suggest that in this zone, methanol and sulphur are released as a result of grain-grain collisions induced by shear vorticity., Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal

Published
2020

41. Globular Cluster Formation from Colliding Substructure

Author

Andreas Burkert, Piero Madau, Douglas N. C. Lin, Alessandro Lupi, Juerg Diemand, Madau, P, Lupi, A, Diemand, J, Burkert, A, and Lin, D

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cold dark matter (265), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Metallicity, Population, Dark matter, N-body simulations (1083), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Dwarf galaxy, Physics, education.field_of_study, Hydrodynamics (1963), Galaxy formation (595), Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Globular star clusters (656), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We investigate a scenario where the formation of Globular Clusters (GCs) is triggered by high-speed collisions between infalling atomic-cooling subhalos during the assembly of the main galaxy host, a special dynamical mode of star formation that operates at high gas pressures and is intimately tied to LCDM hierarchical galaxy assembly. The proposed mechanism would give origin to "naked" globulars, as colliding dark matter subhalos and their stars will simply pass through one another while the warm gas within them clashes at highly supersonic speed and decouples from the collisionless component, in a process reminiscent of the Bullet galaxy cluster. We find that the resulting shock-compressed layer cools on a timescale that is typically shorter than the crossing time, first by atomic line emission and then via fine-structure metal-line emission, and is subject to gravitational instability and fragmentation. Through a combination of kinetic theory approximation and high-resolution $N$-body simulations, we show that this model may produce: (a) a GC number-halo mass relation that is linear down to dwarf galaxy scales and agrees with the trend observed over five orders of magnitude in galaxy mass; (b) a population of old globulars with a median age of 12 Gyr and an age spread similar to that observed; (c) a spatial distribution that is biased relative to the overall mass profile of the host; and (d) a bimodal metallicity distribution with a spread similar to that observed in massive galaxies., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal

Published
2020

42. Measurement of deeply virtual Compton scattering off He4 with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer at Jefferson Lab

Author

T. A. Forest, D. P. Watts, H. Egiyan, F. Sabatié, D. Bulumulla, A. Filippi, Aditya R. Khanal, M. Khandaker, G. Rosner, Andrea Bianconi, D. Payette, Jo H. S., Y. Ghandilyan, H. Voskanyan, W. Kim, R. A. Schumacher, P. Lenisa, S. Bültmann, W. J. Briscoe, E. Pasyuk, Maxime Defurne, N. Markov, B. Torayev, R. Dupre, D. G. Ireland, Carlos A. Salgado, V. Crede, B. A. Clary, M. Contalbrigo, K. Livingston, M. Battaglieri, M. J. Amaryan, B. Yale, G. Costantini, S. Stepanyan, V. P. Kubarovsky, A. Kim, R. De Vita, J. Rowley, Whitney Armstrong, Simonetta Liuti, Krishna Neupane, J. Poudel, O. Pogorelko, K. Wei, S. Fegan, P. Eugenio, Dustin Keller, R. Paremuzyan, G. Khachatryan, Volker D. Burkert, M. L. Kabir, H. Atac, T. B. Hayward, Paolo Rossi, A. S. Biselli, R. Wishart, A. Celentano, R. W. Gothe, M. Guidal, K. Hafidi, V. Mokeev, Larry Weinstein, Gerard Gilfoyle, L. Venturelli, Michael Paolone, E. L. Isupov, D. Sokhan, M. Ehrhart, M. Caudron, M. Osipenko, S. Boiarinov, I. J. D. MacGregor, F. Bossu, A. Vossen, G. Ciullo, Fatiha Benmokhtar, Y. Prok, D. S. Carman, M. Holtrop, O. Soto, N. A. Baltzell, Nikos Sparveris, X. Wei, H. Hakobyan, M. H. Wood, E. Voutier, J. Ritman, S. Diehl, N. Dashyan, A. El Alaoui, B. McKinnon, Luciano Pappalardo, M. Bondì, K. A. Griffioen, Yordanka Ilieva, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, Nicholas Zachariou, J. C. Carvajal, Y. Perrin, V. Chesnokov, L. Barion, U. Shrestha, M. Mirazita, L. Lanza, K. Hicks, W. Phelps, V. Mascagna, D. Marchand, S. Niccolai, Alessandro Rizzo, Alexander Schmidt, I. Bedlinskiy, M. Ripani, P. Chatagnon, M. Ungaro, K. Joo, V. Sergeyeva, J. Zhang, F. X. Girod, N. Tyler, C. Djalali, T. Chetry, S. Strauch, L. Elouadrhiri, S. Joosten, I. I. Strakovsky, A. Deur, D. G. Jenkins, A. Hobart, M. Leali, T. R. O'Connell, N. Pivnyuk, A. D'Angelo, L. El Fassi, S. E. Kuhn, M. Hattawy, P. L. Cole, Martin K. Mayer, A. Kripko, and Y. G. Sharabian

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Compton scattering, Perturbative QCD, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Published
2021

43. A small proton charge radius from an electron–proton scattering experiment

Author

D. Bhetuwal, C. Peng, M. L. Kabir, L. Ye, Z. Ye, B. Aljawrneh, James Maxwell, L. Gan, N. Ton, B. Emmich, R.S. Pedroni, H. Bhatt, S. J. Nazeer, J. Brock, Haiyan Gao, A. Karki, W. Xiong, Ashot Gasparian, X. Yan, C. D. Keith, O. Glamazdin, S. Kowalski, V. V. Tarasov, E. Pasyuk, Z. W. Zhao, S. Stepanyan, K. P. Adhikari, Douglas Higinbotham, J. Pierce, M. Levillain, P. Ekanayaka, Vladimir Nelyubin, C. F. Perdrisat, D. G. Meekins, C. Carlin, Volker D. Burkert, Nilanga Liyanage, L. El-Fassi, R. Silwal, Dipangkar Dutta, A. Liyanage, A. Shahinyan, I. Larin, A. Subedi, V. Lagerquist, Kondo Gnanvo, Yuelin Zhang, M. H. Shabestari, M. Meziane, A. Deur, J. A. Dunne, V. A. Punjabi, D. Di, M. Khandaker, X. Bai, Tiehui Liu, C. Gu, and H. Nguyen

Subjects
Physics, Multidisciplinary, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Radius, Hydrogen atom, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, symbols.namesake, Charge radius, 0103 physical sciences, Rydberg formula, symbols, 010306 general physics, Exotic atom
Abstract

Elastic electron–proton scattering (e–p) and the spectroscopy of hydrogen atoms are the two methods traditionally used to determine the proton charge radius, rp. In 2010, a new method using muonic hydrogen atoms1 found a substantial discrepancy compared with previous results2, which became known as the ‘proton radius puzzle’. Despite experimental and theoretical efforts, the puzzle remains unresolved. In fact, there is a discrepancy between the two most recent spectroscopic measurements conducted on ordinary hydrogen3,4. Here we report on the proton charge radius experiment at Jefferson Laboratory (PRad), a high-precision e–p experiment that was established after the discrepancy was identified. We used a magnetic-spectrometer-free method along with a windowless hydrogen gas target, which overcame several limitations of previous e–p experiments and enabled measurements at very small forward-scattering angles. Our result, rp = 0.831 ± 0.007stat ± 0.012syst femtometres, is smaller than the most recent high-precision e–p measurement5 and 2.7 standard deviations smaller than the average of all e–p experimental results6. The smaller rp we have now measured supports the value found by two previous muonic hydrogen experiments1,7. In addition, our finding agrees with the revised value (announced in 2019) for the Rydberg constant8—one of the most accurately evaluated fundamental constants in physics. A magnetic-spectrometer-free method for electron–proton scattering data reveals a proton charge radius 2.7 standard deviations smaller than the currently accepted value from electron–proton scattering, yet consistent with other recent experiments.

Published
2019

44. The haloes and environments of nearby galaxies (HERON) – I. Imaging, sample characteristics, and envelope diameters

Author

Michael Fusco, James S. Bullock, R. Michael Rich, Julia Kennefick, David A. Thilker, Lydia M. Elias, Aleksandr V. Mosenkov, M. L. Saade, Dave G. Milewski, Michelle L. M. Collins, John Kormendy, Noah Brosch, Laura V. Sales, Andreas Burkert, David Reitzel, Laura de Groot, Andreas Koch, Henry Lee-Saunders, and Michael C. Cooper

Subjects
Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Luminosity, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Surface brightness, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Dwarf galaxy, Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Magnitude (astronomy), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Halo
Abstract

We use a dedicated 0.7-m telescope to image the halos of 119 galaxies in the Local Volume to $\mu_r \sim 28-30$ mag/arcsec$^2$. The sample is primarily from the 2MASS Large Galaxy Atlas and extended to include nearby dwarf galaxies and more distant giant ellipticals, and spans fully the galaxy colour-magnitude diagram including the blue cloud and red sequence. We present an initial overview, including deep images of our galaxies. Our observations reproduce previously reported low surface brightness structures, including extended plumes in M51, and a newly discovered tidally extended dwarf galaxy in NGC7331. Low surface brightness structures, or "envelopes", exceeding 50 kpc in diameter are found mostly in galaxies with $M_V, Comment: 34 pages, 27 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS. The observations (FITS images) will be available by October 2019

Published
2019

45. Gone after one orbit: How cluster environments quench galaxies

Author

Andrea Biviano, Marcel Lotz, Andreas Burkert, Klaus Dolag, and Rhea-Silvia Remus

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Orbit (dynamics), Satellite galaxy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Connection (algebraic framework), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The effect of galactic orbits on a galaxy's internal evolution within a galaxy cluster environment has been the focus of heated debate in recent years. To understand this connection, we use both the $(0.5 \,$Gpc)$^3$ and the Gpc$^3$ boxes from the cosmological hydrodynamical simulation set Magneticum Pathfinder. We investigate the velocity-anisotropy, phase space, and the orbital evolution of up to $\sim 5 \cdot 10^{5}$ resolved satellite galaxies within our sample of 6776 clusters with $M_{\mathrm{vir}} > 10^{14} \, \mathrm{M_{\odot}}$ at low redshift, which we also trace back in time. In agreement with observations, we find that star-forming satellite galaxies inside galaxy clusters are characterised by more radially dominated orbits, independent of cluster mass. Furthermore, the vast majority of star-forming satellite galaxies stop forming stars during their first passage. We find a strong dichotomy both in line-of-sight and radial phase space between star-forming and quiescent galaxies, in line with observations. The tracking of individual orbits shows that the star-formation of almost all satellite galaxies drops to zero within $1 \, \mathrm{Gyr}$ after in-fall. Satellite galaxies that are able to remain star-forming longer are characterised by tangential orbits and high stellar mass. All this indicates that in galaxy clusters the dominant quenching mechanism is ram-pressure stripping., 22 pages, 16 figures, accepted by MNRAS

Published
2019

46. The Nucleon Resonance Structure from the π+π−p Electroproduction Reaction off Protons

Author

B. S. Ishkhanov, V. I. Mokeev, and Volker D. Burkert

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Quark, Range (particle radiation), Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Amplitude, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Quark–gluon plasma, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract

The data on photo- and electroexcitation amplitudes of most nucleon resonances in the mass range up to 2.0 GeV determined from the CLAS experiments on exclusive π+π−p photo-electroproduction off protons in collaboration between the Jefferson Lab and Moscow State University are presented. The first (and, currently, the only available) data on electroexcitation amplitudes from CLAS in a wide range of photon virtualities Q2

Published
2019

47. From kpcs to the central parsec of NGC 1097: feeding star formation and a black hole at the same time

Author

M. Almudena Prieto, Stephan Charlot, Andreas Burkert, Marc Schartmann, J. A. Fernández-Ontiveros, Gustavo Bruzual, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Stellar mass, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Extinction (astronomy), Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Ring (chemistry), 01 natural sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Molecular cloud, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Dust lane, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

A panchromatic view of the star forming ring and feeding process in the central kpc of the galaxy NGC 1097 is presented. The assembled IR to UV images at $\sim$10 pc resolution allow us to characterise the population of circa 250 clusters in the ring and disentangle the network of filaments of dust and gas that enshroud and feed them. The ring is a place of intermittent star bursts over the last 100 Myr. Four major episodes covering a proto-cluster phase of eleven mid-IR sources at the molecular clouds core, and two (three) previous bursts with a time separation of 20 - 30 Myr are identified. The extinction map of the inner few kpc resolves NGC1097's two major dust lanes in bundles of narrow, $, Comment: 16 pages, 9 color figures. To appear in MNRAS

Published
2019

48. Measurement of the beam spin asymmetry of e→p→e′p′η in the deep-inelastic regime with CLAS

Author

M. Guidal, C. Djalali, J. A. Tan, A. I. Ostrovidov, K. Park, Z.W. Zhao, G. D. Smith, M. Holtrop, M. Hattawy, D. G. Ireland, Iu. Skorodumina, Volker D. Burkert, K. A. Griffioen, A. S. Biselli, Maxime Defurne, V. Mokeev, D. Marchand, X. Wei, M. Bashkanov, S. Adhikari, V. Crede, Rong Wang, B. McKinnon, P. Lenisa, L. Lanza, Taya Chetry, R. A. Montgomery, C. A. Meyer, N. A. Baltzell, Y. G. Sharabian, P. Chatagnon, M. Ehrhart, W. Kim, D. G. Jenkins, A. Kim, Y. Prok, M. Mirazita, Z. E. Meziani, A. Celentano, R. W. Gothe, R. De Vita, G. Niculescu, Sergey Kuleshov, F. Sabatié, N. Markov, F. X. Girod, V. Batourine, M. Ungaro, N. Dashyan, M. Khachatryan, V. P. Kubarovsky, H. S. Jo, R. Paremuzyan, K. Livingston, O. Pogorelko, L. Barion, G. Rosner, Nicholas M. Harrison, Gerard Gilfoyle, Friedrich Klein, M. Battaglieri, H. Avakian, K. Joo, S. Strauch, H. Hakobyan, D. Sokhan, I. Bedlinskiy, H. Voskanyan, Y. Ghandilyan, Laura Clark, B. S. Ishkhanov, H. Egiyan, Jie Zhang, S. Diehl, C. Salgado, M. Osipenko, K. Hicks, B. Zhao, G. Khachatryan, P. Nadel-Turonski, G. Ciullo, J. P. Ball, S. E. Kuhn, D. S. Carman, Dustin Keller, D. Heddle, Nikos Sparveris, E. De Sanctis, R. A. Schumacher, G. Angelini, P. Eugenio, S. Johnston, L. Guo, Alessandro Rizzo, S. Niccolai, Michael Wood, P. Rossi, C. Munoz Camacho, K. Hafidi, W. J. Briscoe, M. L. Kabir, E. Golovatch, R. Dupre, T. A. Forest, S. Stepanyan, A. Filippi, Avraham Klein, E. L. Isupov, G. Gavalian, I. J. D. MacGregor, M. Contalbrigo, M. Khandaker, I. I. Strakovsky, A. Deur, M. Ripani, S. Boiarinov, M. Taiuti, W. K. Brooks, B. A. Clary, Z. Akbar, Michael Paolone, J. W. Price, A. D'Angelo, D. Protopopescu, E. Voutier, L. El Fassi, A. El Alaoui, Y. Ilieva, Nicholas Zachariou, and P. L. Cole

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, Virtual particle, Parton, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Pseudoscalar, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Spin-½, media_common, Lepton
Abstract

The beam spin asymmetry of the exclusive pseudoscalar channel e → p → e ′ p ′ η was measured for the first time in the deep-inelastic regime ( W > 2 GeV / c 2 and Q 2 > 1 GeV 2 / c 2 ) using a longitudinally polarized 5.78 GeV electron beam at Jefferson Lab with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer. The data were accumulated in 144 four-dimensional bins of Q 2 , x B , − t and ϕ over a wide kinematic range, where ϕ is the azimuthal angle between the lepton and hadron scattering planes, The measured azimuthal dependence with large amplitudes of the sin ⁡ ϕ moments is a clear indication of a substantial contribution to the polarized cross-section from transversely polarized virtual photons. In the framework of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) this contribution is expressed via longitudinal-transverse interference between chiral-even and chiral-odd GPDs. The experimental results are compared to the existing theoretical models demonstrating the sensitivity to the product of chiral-odd and chiral-even GPDs and provide new constraints to the existing GPD parameterizations.

Published
2019

49. Spectrum and Structure of Excited Baryons with CLAS

Author

Burkert Volker D.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

In this contribution I discuss recent results in light quark baryon spectroscopy involving CLAS data and higher level analysis results from the partial wave analysis by the Bonn-Gatchina group. New baryon states were discovered largely based on the open strangeness production channels γp → K+Λ and γp → K+Σ0. The data illustrate the great potential of the kaon-hyperon channel in the discovery of higher mass baryon resonances in s-channel production. Other channels with discovery potential, such as γp → pω and γp → ϕp are also discussed. In the second part I will demonstrate on data the sensitivity of meson electroproduction to expose the active degrees of freedom underlying resonance transitions as a function of the probed distance scale. For several of the prominent excited states in the lower mass range the short distance behavior is described by a core of three dressed-quarks with running quark mass, and meson-baryon contributions make up significant parts of the excitation strength at large distances. Finally, I give an outlook of baryon resonance physics at the 12 GeV CEBAF electron accelerator.

Published
2017
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50. Observation of Beam Spin Asymmetries in the Process ep→e′π+π−X with CLAS12

Author

G. Niculescu, D. Bulumulla, G. Ciullo, Aditya R. Khanal, A. El Alaoui, S. Niccolai, E. L. Isupov, D. S. Carman, F. X. Girod, Nikos Sparveris, K. A. Griffioen, D. G. Ireland, V. I. Mokeev, M. Contalbrigo, V. Crede, Nicholas Zachariou, J. C. Carvajal, Sung-Sik Lee, X. Wei, S. Boiarinov, Andrea Bianconi, P. Lenisa, C. Dilks, Fatiha Benmokhtar, O. Soto, T. B. Hayward, M. Osipenko, R. Paremuzyan, L. Marsicano, Maxime Defurne, B. A. Clary, Latifa Elouadrhiri, A. Movsisyan, N. Tyler, N. Markov, P. L. Cole, N. Dashyan, K. Hicks, I. J. D. MacGregor, S. Strauch, D. I. Glazier, V. P. Kubarovsky, Michael Paolone, Krishna Neupane, H. Hakobyan, F. Bossu, R. Tyson, J. Ritman, Eugene Pasyuk, R. De Vita, D. Marchand, H. S. Jo, H. Avakian, Eric Voutier, L. Lanza, S. Diehl, C. Salgado, A. A. Golubenko, H. Atac, H. Voskanyan, G. Costantini, W. J. Briscoe, L. Barion, S. E. Kuhn, M. Hattawy, A. Vossen, M. Guidal, A. D'Angelo, Dustin Keller, M Ehrhart, P. Naidoo, T. Chetry, D. P. Watts, P. Chatagnon, Y. Prok, U. Shrestha, Michael Wood, F. Sabatié, M. Holtrop, Chaden Djalali, L. El Fassi, V. Mascagna, G. Gavalian, K. Hafidi, A. Filippi, B. A. Raue, Luciano Pappalardo, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, I. Bedlinskiy, Michael Dugger, W. Phelps, G. Angelini, P. Rossi, K. Wei, S. Joosten, S. Fegan, M. Leali, A. Celentano, R. W. Gothe, P. Nadel-Turonski, M. Khachatryan, N. A. Baltzell, K. Livingston, Alessandro Rizzo, Axel Schmidt, T. R. O'Connell, William Brooks, I. I. Strakovsky, F. Hauenstein, A. Kim, L. Venturelli, Jie Zhang, Y. Gotra, Z. E. Meziani, A. Deur, B. Yale, E.P. Segarra, S. Nanda, A. Kripko, T. A. Forest, S. Stepanyan, Y. G. Sharabian, M. Ripani, R. Dupré, M. Bondì, M. Battaglieri, O. Pogorelko, J. Rowley, Volker D. Burkert, A. S. Biselli, A. Hobart, S. Adhikari, B. McKinnon, M. Mirazita, Gerard Gilfoyle, D. Sokhan, M. Arratia, Hovanes Egiyan, C. Munoz Camacho, M. Ungaro, K. Joo, A. Thornton, and W. Kim

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Spectrometer, Proton, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Deep inelastic scattering, 01 natural sciences, Gluon, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Cathode ray, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Beam (structure), Spin-½
Abstract

The observation of beam spin asymmetries in two-pion production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off an unpolarized proton target is reported for the first time. The data presented here were taken in the fall of 2018 with the CLAS12 spectrometer using a 10.6 GeV longitudinally spin-polarized electron beam delivered by CEBAF at JLab. The measured asymmetries provide the first observation of a signal that can be used to extract the PDF $e(x)$ in a collinear framework and the helicity-dependent two-pion fragmentation function $G_1^\perp$.

Published
2021

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