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1. Time dependence of the flux of helium nuclei in cosmic rays measured by the PAMELA experiment between July 2006 and December 2009

Author: Marcelli, N., Boezio, M., Lenni, A., Menn, W., Munini, R., Aslam, O. P. M., Bisschoff, D., Ngobeni, M. D., Potgieter, M. S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Galper, A. M., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Merg��, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Mikhailov, V. V., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sotgiu, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
Abstract: Precise time-dependent measurements of the Z = 2 component in the cosmic radiation provide crucial information about the propagation of charged particles through the heliosphere. The PAMELA experiment, with its long flight duration (15th June 2006 - 23rd January 2016) and the low energy threshold (80 MeV/n) is an ideal detector for cosmic ray solar modulation studies. In this paper, the helium nuclei spectra measured by the PAMELA instrument from July 2006 to December 2009 over a Carrington rotation time basis are presented. A state-of-the-art three-dimensional model for cosmic-ray propagation inside the heliosphere was used to interpret the time-dependent measured fluxes. Proton-to-helium flux ratio time profiles at various rigidities are also presented in order to study any features which could result from the different masses and local interstellar spectra shapes.
Published: 2020

2. Ten years of PAMELA in space

Author: Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Munini, R., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, B. S., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Munini, R., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, B. S., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Settore FIS/01, Physics and Astronomy (all), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The PAMELA cosmic-ray detector was launched on June 15th 2006 on board the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite, and during ten years of nearly continuous data-taking it has observed new interesting features in cosmic rays (CRs). In a decade of operation it has provided plenty of scientific data, covering different issues related to cosmic-ray physics. Its discoveries might change our basic vision of the mechanisms of production, acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. The antimatter measurements, focus of the experiment, have set strong constraints to the nature of Dark Matter. Search for signatures of more exotic processes (such as the ones involving Strange Quark Matter) was also pursued. Furthermore, the long-term operation of the instrument had allowed a constant monitoring of the solar activity during its maximum and a detailed and prolonged study of the solar modulation, improving the comprehension of the heliosphere mechanisms. PAMELA had also measured the radiation environment around the Earth, and it detected for the first time the presence of an antiproton radiation belt surrounding our planet. The operation of Resurs-DK1 was terminated in 2016. In this article we will review the main features of the PAMELA instrument and its constructing phases. The main part of the article will be dedicated to the summary of the most relevant PAMELA results over a decade of observation.
Published: 2017

3. Letter to the Editor Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2

Author: Bidoli, V., Casolino, M., Pascale, Furano, G., Iannucci, A., Morselli, A., Picozza, P., Sparvoli, R., Bakaldin, A., Galper, A., Koldashov, S., Korotkov, M., Leonov, A., Mikhailov, V., Voronov, S., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Vacchi, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Ambriola, M., Cafagna, F., Circella, M., Marzo, C., Adriani, O., Papini, P., Spillantini, P., Straulino, S., Vannuccini, E., Ricci, M., and Castellini, G.
Subjects: Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract: In this paper we report on the energy spectrum of protons of albedo origin measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2 at different geomagnetic locations, and the behaviour of the proton flux as a function of altitude out of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The instrument NINA was used on board the satellite Resurs-01-N4 between 1998 and 1999, at an altitude of about 830 km. The NINA-2 apparatus, on board the satellite MITA, was put into orbit in July 2000, at an altitude of about 450 km. A detailed understanding of the fluxes of charged particles in near Earth orbit is important to reach an accurate theoretical description of the Earth’s magnetic field, but also as input for the calculation of the back-ground for scientific instruments aboard satellites, like the future AGILE and GLAST g astronomy telescopes.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped; instruments and techniques)
Published: 2018

4. TRAPPED proton fluxes at low earth orbits measured by the PAMELA experiment

Author: Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Danilchenko, I. A., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., Adriani, O. b., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G., Bellotti, R. g., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E., Bongi, M. b., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M. l., Castellini, G., C. n., De, Simone, N. D., Felice, V. o., Formato, V. p., Galper, A., Karelin, A., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L. n., Martucci, M. s., Mayorov, A., Menn, W., Merg??????, M. n., Mikhailov, V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A. g., Mori, N. b., Munini, R. p., Osteria, Giuseppe, Palma, F. n., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P. n., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. m., Sarkar, R. t., Scotti, V. d., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R. n., Spillantini, P. b., Stozhkov, Y., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S., Yurkin, Y., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V., O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergé, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V. G., Zverev
Subjects: trapped particles, earth magnetic field, Proton, elementary particles, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, magnetic fields, Kinetic energy, Nuclear physics, Physics - Space Physics, cosmic rays, PAMELA, Geocentric orbit, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astroparticle physics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, astroparticle physics, atmospheric effects, space vehicles, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, protons, PAMELA, trapped particles, earth magnetic field, protons, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Charged particle, Magnetic field, Earth's magnetic field, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We report an accurate measurement of the geomagnetically trapped proton fluxes for kinetic energy above > 70 MeV performed by the PAMELA mission at low Earth orbits (350-610 km). Data were analyzed in the frame of the adiabatic theory of charged particle motion in the geomagnetic field. Flux properties were investigated in detail, providing a full characterization of the particle radiation in the South Atlantic Anomaly region, including locations, energy spectra and pitch angle distributions. PAMELA results significantly improve the description of the Earth's radiation environment at low altitudes placing important constraints on the trapping and interaction processes, and can be used to validate current trapped particle radiation models., 22 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2015

5. Reentrant albedo proton fluxes measured by the PAMELA experiment

Author: Adriani O., Barbarino G.C., Bazilevskaya G.A., Bellotti R., Boezio M., Bogomolov E.A., Bongi M., Bonvicini V., Bottai S., Bruno A., Cafagna F., Campana D., Carlson P., Casolino M., Castellini G., Donato C.D., De Santis C., De Simone N., Di Felice V., Formato V., Galper A.M., Karelin A.V., Koldashov S.V., Koldobskiy S., Krutkov S.Y., Kvashnin A.N., Leonov A., Malakhov V., Marcelli L., Martucci M., Mayorov A.G., Menn W., Merge M., Mikhailov V.V., Mocchiutti E., Monaco A., Mori N., Munini R., Osteria G., Palma F., Panico B., Papini P., Pearce M., Picozza P., Ricci M., Ricciarini S.B., Sarkar R., Scotti V., Simon M., Sparvoli R., Spillantini P., Stozhkov Y.I., Vacchi A., Vannuccini E., Vasilyev G.I., Voronov S.A., Yurkin Y.T., Zampa G., Zampa N., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Donato, C. De, De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergé, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, and N., Zampa
Subjects: Materials Chemistry2506 Metals and Alloys, Atmospheric Science, Polymers and Plastics, Soil Science, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Cosmic rays, Energetic particles: precipitating, Energetic particles: trapped, Charged particle motion and acceleration, Space radiation environment, cosmic rays, reentrant albedo protons, geomagnetic cutoff, satellite experiments, radiation environment, penumbra, Energetic particles: trapped, satellite experiments, Space radiation environment, cosmic rays, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), geomagnetic cutoff, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Water Science and Technology, Earth-Surface Processes, Energetic particles: precipitating, precipitating, Energetic particles: trapped, Charged particle motion and acceleration, Space radiation environment, cosmic rays, reentrant albedo protons, geomagnetic cutoff, satellite experiments, radiation environment, penumbra [Cosmic rays, Energetic particles], Ecology, Charged particle motion and acceleration, Settore FIS/04, reentrant albedo protons, Paleontology, Forestry, penumbra, radiation environment, Geophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a precise measurement of downward going albedo proton fluxes for kinetic energy above ~70-MeV performed by the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) experiment at an altitude between 350 and 610-km. On the basis of a trajectory tracing simulation, the analyzed protons were classified into quasi-trapped, concentrating in the magnetic equatorial region, and untrapped spreading over all latitudes, including both short-lived (precipitating) and long-lived (pseudotrapped) components. In addition, features of the penumbra region around the geomagnetic cutoff were investigated in detail. PAMELA results significantly improve the characterization of the high-energy albedo proton populations at low-Earth orbits. Key Points A new and accurate study of HE reentrant albedo protons based on PAMELA data Different components identified and reconstructed by trajectory tracing methods Significant fluxes of pseudotrapped protons were found in the penumbra region
Published: 2015

6. PAMELA's measurements of geomagnetic cutoff variations during solar energetic particle events

Author: Bruno, A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bravar, U., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. C., De Donato, C., de Nolfo, G. A., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Lee, M., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merg��, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Ryan, J. M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Physics::Geophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Data from the PAMELA satellite experiment were used to measure the geomagnetic cutoff for high-energy ($\gtrsim$ 80 MeV) protons during the solar particle events on 2006 December 13 and 14. The variations of the cutoff latitude as a function of rigidity were studied on relatively short timescales, corresponding to single spacecraft orbits (about 94 minutes). Estimated cutoff values were cross-checked with those obtained by means of a trajectory tracing approach based on dynamical empirical modeling of the Earth's magnetosphere. We find significant variations in the cutoff latitude, with a maximum suppression of about 6 deg for $\sim$80 MeV protons during the main phase of the storm. The observed reduction in the geomagnetic shielding and its temporal evolution were compared with the changes in the magnetosphere configuration, investigating the role of IMF, solar wind and geomagnetic (Kp, Dst and Sym-H indexes) variables and their correlation with PAMELA cutoff results., Conference: The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), 30 July - 6 August, 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands, Volume: PoS(ICRC2015)287
Published: 2015

7. Latitudinal and radial gradients of galactic cosmic ray protons in the inner heliosphere – PAMELA and Ulysses observations

Author: De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Gieseler, J., Boezio, M., Casolino, M., Picozza, P., Heber, B., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bonechi, L., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Borisov, S., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Consiglio, L., De Pascale, M. P., De Santis, C., Galper, A. M., Gillard, W., Grishantseva, L., Hofverberg, P., Jerse, G., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malvezzi, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Nikonov, N., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Wu, J., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar cycle 23, Cosmic ray, Electron, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Positron, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Antimatter, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Nucleon, Heliosphere
Abstract: Ulysses, launched on 6 October 1990, was placed in an elliptical, high inclined (80.2) orbit around the Sun, and was switched off in June 2009. It has been the only spacecraft exploring high-latitude regions of the inner heliosphere. The Kiel Electron Telescope (KET) aboard Ulysses measures electrons from 3 MeV to a few GeV and protons and helium in the energy range from 6 MeV/nucleon to above 2 GeV/nucleon. The PAMELA (Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics) space borne experiment was launched on 15 June 2006 and is continuously collecting data since then. The apparatus measures electrons, positrons, protons, anti-protons and heavier nuclei from about 100 MeV to several hundreds of GeV. Thus the combination of Ulysses and PAMELA measurements is ideally suited to determine the spatial gradients during the extended minimum of solar cycle 23. For protons in the rigidity interval 1.6−1.8 GV we find a radial gradient of 2.7%/AU and a latitudinal gradient of −0.024%/degree. Although the latitudinal gradient is as expected negative, its value is much smaller than predicted by current particle propagation models. This result is of relevance for the study of propagation parameters in the inner heliosphere.
Published: 2011

8. PAMELA's measurements of geomagnetically trapped and albedo protons

Author: Bruno, A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bravar, U., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. C., De Donato, C., de Nolfo, G. A., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Lee, M., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Ryan, J. M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics - Space Physics, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract: Data from the PAMELA satellite experiment were used to perform a detailed measurement of under-cutoff protons at low Earth orbits. On the basis of a trajectory tracing approach using a realistic description of the magnetosphere, protons were classified into geomagnetically trapped and re-entrant albedo. The former include stably-trapped protons in the South Atlantic Anomaly, which were analyzed in the framework of the adiabatic theory, investigating energy spectra, spatial and angular distributions; results were compared with the predictions of the AP8 and the PSB97 empirical trapped models. The albedo protons were classified into quasi-trapped, concentrating in the magnetic equatorial region, and un-trapped, spreading over all latitudes and including both short-lived (precipitating) and long-lived (pseudo-trapped) components. Features of the penumbra region around the geomagnetic cutoff were investigated as well. PAMELA observations significantly improve the characterization of the high energy proton populations in near Earth orbits., Comment: Conference: The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), 30 July - 6 August, 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands, Volume: PoS(ICRC2015)288
Published: 2015
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9. Re-Entrant Albedo Proton Fluxes Measured by the PAMELA Experiment

Author: Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics - Space Physics, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
Abstract: We present a precise measurement of downward-going albedo proton fluxes for kinetic energy above $\sim$ 70 MeV performed by the PAMELA experiment at an altitude between 350 and 610 km. On the basis of a trajectory tracing simulation, the analyzed protons were classified into quasi-trapped, concentrating in the magnetic equatorial region, and un-trapped spreading over all latitudes, including both short-lived (precipitating) and long-lived (pseudo-trapped) components. In addition, features of the penumbra region around the geomagnetic cutoff were investigated in detail. PAMELA results significantly improve the characterization of the high energy albedo proton populations at low Earth orbits., Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics
Published: 2015
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10. Back-Tracing and Flux Reconstruction for Solar Events with PAMELA

Author: Bruno, A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bravar, U., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. C., De Donato, C., de Nolfo, G. A., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Lee, M., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merg��, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Ryan, J. M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics - Space Physics, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
Abstract: The PAMELA satellite-borne experiment is providing first direct measurements of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) with energies from $\sim$80 MeV to several GeV in near-Earth space. Its unique observational capabilities include the possibility of measuring the flux angular distribution and thus investigating possible anisotropies related to SEP events. This paper focuses on the analysis methods developed to estimate SEP energy spectra as a function of the particle pitch angle with respect to the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). The crucial ingredient is provided by an accurate simulation of the asymptotic exposition of the PAMELA apparatus, based on a realistic reconstruction of particle trajectories in the Earth's magnetosphere. As case study, the results of the calculation for the May 17, 2012 event are reported., 25 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2014

11. Time dependence of the proton flux measured by PAMELA during the July 2006 - December 2009 solar minimum

Author: Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Borisov, S., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Pascale, M. P., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Grishantseva, L., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Nikonov, N., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Wu, J., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., Potgieter, M. S., and Vos, E. E.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: The energy spectra of galactic cosmic rays carry fundamental information regarding their origin and propagation. These spectra, when measured near Earth, are significantly affected by the solar magnetic field. A comprehensive description of the cosmic radiation must therefore include the transport and modulation of cosmic rays inside the heliosphere. During the end of the last decade the Sun underwent a peculiarly long quiet phase well suited to study modulation processes. In this paper we present proton spectra measured from July 2006 to December 2009 by PAMELA. The large collected statistics of protons allowed the time variation to be followed on a nearly monthly basis down to 400 MV. Data are compared with a state-of-the-art three-dimensional model of solar modulation., 17 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, to appear in Astrophysical Journal. Corrected two elements of Table 1
Published: 2013

12. First detection of geomagnetically trapped antiprotons by the PAMELA experiment

Author: Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Borisov, S., Bottai, S., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Consiglio, L., De Pascale, M. P., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Gillard, W., Grishantseva, L., Jerse, G., Karelin, A. V., Kheymits, M. D., Koldashov, S. V., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Nikonov, N., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Wu, J., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Cosmic rays, Magnetosphere, Radiation belt, SAA, Trapped antiprotons, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Space Physics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Physics::Atomic Physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the measurement of geomagnetically trapped antiprotons in the South Atlantic Anomaly performed by the PAMELA satellite-bourne experiment. The existence of an antiproton radiation belt, predicted by several models as the product of cosmic ray interactions with the residual terrestrial atmosphere, is evidenced for the first time. PAMELA measured the antiproton spectrum in the kinetic energy range between 60 and 750 MeV, reporting a trapped antiproton flux which exceeds by about 3 orders of magnitude the interplanetary cosmic ray antiproton flux. An estimation of the mean under-cutoff antiproton flux outside radiation belts has been also provided.
Published: 2011

13. NINA: a silicon detector for cosmic-ray astrophysics

Author: Sparvoli, R., Bidoli, V., Casolino, M., De Pascale, M. P., Furano, G., Iannucci, A., Morselli, A., Picozza, P., Reali, E., Bakaldin, A., Galper, A., Koldashov, S., Korotkov, M., Leonov, A., Mikhailov, V., Murashov, A., Voronov, S., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Cirami, R., Vacchi, A., Zampa, N., Ambriola, M., Bellotti, R., Cafagna, F., Ciacio, F., Circella, M., De Marzo, C., Adriani, O., Papini, P., Piccardi, S., Spillantini, P., and Straulino, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics, Cosmic ray measurement, Satellite observatories, Silicon sensors, Space applications, Cosmic ray nuclei, Cosmic ray detectors, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Silicon technology, Cosmic ray, Particle identification, Physics::Geophysics, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Instrumentation, Cosmic rays, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Space vehicles, Astronomy, On board, Orbit, Physics::Space Physics, Silicon detector, Polar, Satellite, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The NINA apparatus, on board the satellite Resurs-01 n.4, has been orbiting the Earth since July 10th, 1998, in polar revolution at 1 AU. Its scientific goal is the study of the galactic, solar and anomalous components of the cosmic rays in the range 10–200 MeV/n. After a description of the instrument, results of GCR fluxes measurements and of particle identification in orbit are presented.
Published: 2001

14. Letter to the Editor Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2

Author: Bidoli, V., Casolino, M., De Pascale, M., Furano, G., Iannucci, A., Morselli, A., Picozza, P., Sparvoli, R., Bakaldin, A., Galper, A., Koldashov, S., Korotkov, M., Leonov, A., Mikhailov, V., Voronov, S., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Vacchi, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Ambriola, M., Cafagna, F., Circella, M., De Marzo, C., Adriani, O., Papini, P., Spillantini, P., Straulino, S., Vannuccini, E., Ricci, M., Castellini, G., Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Università degli studi di Trieste, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), INFN National Laboratories of Frascati, Institute of Applied Physics 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), and Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:Geophysics. Cosmic physics, Physics::Space Physics, lcsh:QC801-809, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, lcsh:Q, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, lcsh:Science, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, Physics::Geophysics
Abstract: In this paper we report on the energy spectrum of protons of albedo origin measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2 at different geomagnetic locations, and the behaviour of the proton flux as a function of altitude out of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The instrument NINA was used on board the satellite Resurs-01-N4 between 1998 and 1999, at an altitude of about 830 km. The NINA-2 apparatus, on board the satellite MITA, was put into orbit in July 2000, at an altitude of about 450 km. A detailed understanding of the fluxes of charged particles in near Earth orbit is important to reach an accurate theoretical description of the Earth’s magnetic field, but also as input for the calculation of the back-ground for scientific instruments aboard satellites, like the future AGILE and GLAST g astronomy telescopes.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped; instruments and techniques)

15. Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2

Author: Bidoli, V., Casolino, M., Pascale, M., Furano, G., Iannucci, A., Morselli, A., Picozza, P., Sparvoli, R., Bakaldin, A., Galper, A., Koldashov, S., Korotkov, M., Leonov, A., Mikhailov, V., Voronov, S., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Vacchi, A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Ambriola, M., Cafagna, F., Circella, M., Marzo, C., Adriani, O., Paolo Papini, Spillantini, P., Straulino, S., Vannuccini, E., Ricci, M., and Castellini, G.
Subjects: trapped, Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped, instruments and techniques), Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, magnetosphere, Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [2721] MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS / Field-aligned currents and current systems, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics::Geophysics, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare

16. Helium fluxes measured by the PAMELA experiment from the minimum to the maximum solar activity for solar cycle 24

Author: N. Marcelli, M. Boezio, A. Lenni, W. Menn, R. Munini, O. P. M. Aslam, D. Bisschoff, M. D. Ngobeni, M. S. Potgieter, O. Adriani, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Bellotti, E. A. Bogomolov, M. Bongi, V. Bonvicini, A. Bruno, F. Cafagna, D. Campana, P. Carlson, M. Casolino, G. Castellini, C. De Santis, A. M. Galper, S. V. Koldashov, S. Koldobskiy, A. N. Kvashnin, A. A. Leonov, V. V. Malakhov, L. Marcelli, M. Martucci, A. G. Mayorov, M. Mergè, E. Mocchiutti, A. Monaco, N. Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, G. Osteria, B. Panico, P. Papini, M. Pearce, P. Picozza, M. Ricci, S. B. Ricciarini, M. Simon, A. Sotgiu, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. Vacchi, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasilyev, S. A. Voronov, Y. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, Marcelli, N., Boezio, M., Lenni, A., Munini, W. Menn R., Aslam, O. P. M., Bisschoff, D., Ngobeni, M. D., Potgieter, M. S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bogomolov, R. Bellotti E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Carlson, D. Campana P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Galper, C. De Santis A. M., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Mergè, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Mikhailov, V. V., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sotgiu, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Settore FIS/01, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Heliosphere, Cosmic ray detectors, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Cosmic ray astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract: Time-dependent energy spectra of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) carry fundamental information regarding their origin and propagation. When observed at the Earth, these spectra are significantly affected by the solar wind and the embedded solar magnetic field that permeates the heliosphere, changing significantly over an 11-year solar cycle. Energy spectra of GCRs measured during different epochs of solar activity provide crucial information for a thorough understanding of solar and heliospheric phenomena. The PAMELA experiment had collected data for almost ten years (15th June 2006 - 23rd January 2016), including the minimum phase of solar cycle 23 and the maximum phase of solar cycle 24. In this paper, we present new spectra for helium nuclei measured by the PAMELA instrument from January 2010 to September 2014 over a three Carrington rotation time basis. These data are compared to the PAMELA spectra measured during the previous solar minimum providing a picture of the time dependence of the helium nuclei fluxes over a nearly full solar cycle. Time and rigidity dependencies are observed in the proton-to-helium flux ratios. The force-field approximation of the solar modulation was used to relate these dependencies to the shapes of the local interstellar proton and helium-nuclei spectra., 9 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2022

17. Study of the solar modulation for the cosmic ray isotopes with the PAMELA experiment

Author: Marius Potgieter, Driaan Bisschoff, Alex Lenni, Nadir Marcelli, Mirko Boezio, Mabedle Donald Ngobeni, Riccardo Munini, O. P. M. Aslam, Wolfgang Menn, Lenni, A., Boezio, M., Munini, R., Menn, W., Marcelli, N., Potgieter, M., Bisschoff, D., Ngobeni, M. D., and Aslam, O. P. M.
Subjects: Physics, Solar minimum, Proton, Cosmic rays, istopes, solar modulation, PAMELA, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Electron, istope, Solar maximum, Positron, chemistry, Physics::Space Physics, Heliosphere, Helium
Abstract: The space-borne PAMELA experiment was launched on the 15th June 2006 on board the Russian satellite Resurs-DK1 from the Baikonur cosmodrome. From the beginning PAMELA performed high-precision measurements of cosmic rays over a wide energy range until January 2016. Owing to its long-duration operation, PAMELA had turned out to be an optimal detecting apparatus for studies of the solar modulation of cosmic rays over time. The PAMELA collaboration has already published time-dependent proton, helium and electron spectra as well as the positron to electron ratio over ten years of data. These results are fundamentally important in the fine-tuning of propagation and modulation models of cosmic rays through the Heliosphere.\\ In this talk, the yearly average spectra for proton, deuteron, Helium-3 and Helium-4 nuclei are presented for the 23rd solar minimum (July 2006 - January 2009) and the first part of the 24th solar maximum (until September 2014). The isotopic composition was measured between 0.1 and 1.1 GeV/n using two different detector systems. As expected, the measured spectra display a rising trend towards solar minimum followed by a decreasing trend, which has continued as solar maximum approached. The subsequent time-dependent ratio of these isotopes is also presented.\\ According to solar modulation studies, a non-constant ratio is expected due to the different charge-to-mass ratios (and therefore the appropriate rigidities) and the different shapes of the respective local interstellar spectra. Additionally, it is of interest to analyze the observed spectra with state-of-the-art solar modulation models to obtain a deeper understanding of the relative importance of the mechanisms responsible for the propagation of cosmic rays in the Heliosphere over time.
Published: 2022

18. Solar-cycle Variations of South Atlantic Anomaly Proton Intensities Measured with the PAMELA Mission

Author: E. Vannuccini, E. A. Bogomolov, E. Mocchiutti, C. De Santis, Sergey Koldobskiy, M. Merge, V. V. Mikhailov, Sergey Koldashov, B. Panico, Gianluigi Zampa, Alessandro Sotgiu, N. Zampa, Giancarlo Barbarino, M. Martucci, Andrea Vacchi, Roberta Sparvoli, Alexey Leonov, G. Vasilyev, Michal Simon, M. Ricci, L. Marcelli, Paolo Papini, G. Osteria, Alfonso Monaco, V. V. Malakhov, Nicola Mori, G. A. Bazilevskaya, N. Marcelli, Mirko Boezio, Massimo Bongi, A. G. Mayorov, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, A. N. Kvashnin, T. R. Zharaspayev, Per Carlson, F. Cafagna, A. Bruno, O. Adriani, W. Menn, A. Lenni, G. Castellini, Yuri Stozhkov, Y. T. Yurkin, P. Spillantini, R. Munini, S. B. Ricciarini, S. A. Voronov, V. Bonvicini, Mark Pearce, D. Campana, P. Picozza, Marco Casolino, Bruno, A., Martucci, M., Cafagna, F. S., Sparvoli, R., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Galper, A. M., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Kvashnin, A. N., Lenni, A., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Marcelli, N., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merg, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Mikhailov, V. V., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sotgiu, A., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zharaspayev, T. R.
Subjects: Proton, Van Allen radiation belts, Phase (waves), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, symbols.namesake, Physics - Space Physics, Particle radiation, Cosmic rays, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Physics, Settore FIS/01, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic rays, Van Allen radiation belts, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Solar cycle, South Atlantic Anomaly, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Van Allen radiation belt, Antimatter, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract: We present a study of the solar-cycle variations of >80 MeV proton flux intensities in the lower edge of the inner radiation belt, based on the measurements of the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) mission. The analyzed data sample covers an ~8 year interval from 2006 July to 2014 September, thus spanning from the decaying phase of the 23rd solar cycle to the maximum of the 24th cycle. We explored the intensity temporal variations as a function of drift shell and proton energy, also providing an explicit investigation of the solar-modulation effects at different equatorial pitch angles. PAMELA observations offer new important constraints for the modeling of low-altitude particle radiation environment at the highest trapping energies., accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Published: 2021

19. Time dependence of the flux of helium nuclei in cosmic rays measured by the pamela experiment between 2006 july and 2009 december

Author: A. N. Kvashnin, M. Simon, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Per Carlson, N. Marcelli, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, O. Adriani, W. Menn, M. D. Ngobeni, F. Cafagna, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Andrea Vacchi, P. Spillantini, V. V. Mikhailov, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Malakhov, M. Bongi, Alfonso Monaco, Alessandro Sotgiu, R. Sparvoli, G. Osteria, A. Bruno, M. Merge, O. P. M. Aslam, Matteo Martucci, S. A. Voronov, Roberto Bellotti, S. V. Koldashov, E. A. Bogomolov, A. M. Galper, Marco Ricci, A. Lenni, D. Campana, G. I. Vasilyev, Marco Casolino, C. De Santis, Alexey Leonov, Y. T. Yurkin, Driaan Bisschoff, Riccardo Munini, Nicola Mori, L. Marcelli, A. G. Mayorov, G. Castellini, M. S. Potgieter, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, P. Picozza, Mirko Boezio, Marcelli, N., Boezio, M., Lenni, A., Menn, W., Munini, R., Aslam, O. P. M., Bisschoff, D., Ngobeni, M. D., Potgieter, M. S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Galper, A. M., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Merg, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Mikhailov, V. V., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sotgiu, A., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., 10060014 - Potgieter, Marthinus Steenkamp, 13161229 - Ngobeni, Mabedle Donald, and 20056950 - Bisschoff, Driaan
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, chemistry.chemical_element, Flux, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galactic cosmic rays, 01 natural sciences, Galactic cosmic ray, Heliosphere, Cosmic ray detectors, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Helium, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Settore FIS/01, DARK MATTER, Astronomy and Astrophysics, COSMIC RAYS, Charged particle, ANTIPROTONS, chemistry, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Cosmic ray detector
Abstract: Precise time-dependent measurements of the Z = 2 component in the cosmic radiation provide crucial information about the propagation of charged particles through the heliosphere. The PAMELA experiment, with its long flight duration (2006 June 15-2016 January 23) and the low energy threshold (80 MeV/n) is an ideal detector for cosmic-ray solar modulation studies. In this paper, the helium nuclei spectra measured by the PAMELA instrument from 2006 July to 2009 December over a Carrington rotation time basis are presented. A state-of-the-art three-dimensional model for cosmic-ray propagation inside the heliosphere was used to interpret the time-dependent measured fluxes. Proton-to-helium flux ratio time profiles at various rigidities are also presented in order to study any features that could result from the different masses and local interstellar spectra shapes.
Published: 2020

20. Spectra of solar neutrons with energies of ~10–1000 MeV in the PAMELA experiment in the flare events of 2006–2015

Author: Alfonso Monaco, C. De Santis, R. Sparvoli, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, M. Merge, Yu. T. Yurkin, G. A. Bazilevskaya, A. N. Kvashnin, S. Bottai, V. Di Felice, Per Carlson, M. Bongi, F. Cafagna, G. Castellini, Sergey Koldashov, Alexey Leonov, Matteo Martucci, V. Bonvicini, V. V. Malakhov, Andrea Vacchi, E. A. Bogomolov, N. Zampa, D. Campana, L. Marcelli, M. Simon, Yuri Stozhkov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, O. Adriani, A. Bruno, Marco Casolino, Sergey Koldobskiy, A. V. Karelin, Marco Ricci, W. Menn, M. F. Runtso, G. C. Barbarino, Riccardo Munini, S. A. Voronov, P. Spillantini, P. Papini, Nicola Mori, A. G. Mayorov, E. Vannuccini, S. Y. Krutkov, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, G. Osteria, P. Picozza, G. I. Vasilyev, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Mikhailov, Mirko Boezio, A. A. Kvashnin, Bogomolov, E. A., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: Physics Solar flare, Solar neutrons, Space experiments: Neutrons, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Space experiment, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Neutron detection, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Settore FIS/01, Physics, Solar flare, Physics::Space Physics, Flare
Abstract: The first results from measuring the spectra of solar neutrons with energies of ~10-1000 MeV in the solar flares of 2006-2015 observed by the PAMELA international space experiment are presented. The PAMELA neutron detector with 3He counters and a moderator with an area of 0.18 m2 allows us to estimate the flux of solar neutrons during solar flares. Solar neutrons with energies of ~10-1000 MeV likely occurred in 21 out of the 24 analyzed flares of 2006-2015. © 2017, Allerton Press, Inc.
Published: 2017

21. Galactic Cosmic Ray Electrons and Positrons over a Decade of Observations in the PAMELA Experiment

Author: M. Bongi, P. Spillantini, M. Simon, Alfonso Monaco, V. Di Felice, E. Mocchiutti, Matteo Martucci, G. A. Bazilevskaya, N. Zampa, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, D. Campana, Yu. I. Stozhkov, O. Adriani, V. Bonvicini, Alexey Leonov, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, V. V. Malakhov, S. V. Koldashov, Marco Ricci, A. V. Karelin, L. Marcelli, Marco Casolino, A. G. Mayorov, M. F. Runtso, Riccardo Munini, S. A. Voronov, Sergey Koldobskiy, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, C. De Santis, A. Bruno, M. Merge, G. C. Barbarino, W. Menn, Yu. T. Yurkin, R. Sparvoli, P. Picozza, G. Osteria, F. Cafagna, P. Papini, E. A. Bogomolov, Mirko Boezio, E. Vannuccini, A. A. Kvashnin, Andrea Vacchi, G. Castellini, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, A. N. Kvashnin, S. Yu. Krutkov, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Earth's orbit, Range (particle radiation), Antiparticle, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Electron, Cosmic-ray particles, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Magnetic spectrometers, Positrons, Positron, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Satellite, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The PAMELA magnetic spectrometer was launched onboard the Resurs-DK1 satellite into a near-polar Earth orbit with an altitude of 350-600 km, in order to study fluxes of cosmic ray particles and antiparticles in the wide energy range of ~80 MeV to hundreds of GeV. The results from observations of electron and positron fluxes in 2006-2016 are presented.
Published: 2019

22. Cosmic ray electrons and positrons over decade with the PAMELA experiment

Author: P. Spillantini, O. Adriani, W. Menn, F. Cafagna, V. Bonvicini, A. Bruno, S. Yu. Krutkov, Yu. I. Stozhkov, M. Bongi, M. Merge, L. Marcelli, Maria Teresa Ricci, A. Vacchi, V. V. Mikhailov, S. V. Koldashov, P. Carlson, S. O. Kleymenova, Sergey Koldobskiy, Riccardo Munini, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, D. Campana, C. De Santis, André Monaco, Marco Casolino, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, M. Simon, P. Picozza, Yu. T. Yurkin, V. Di Felice, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, N. Zampa, V. V. Malakhov, Mirko Boezio, P. Papini, Alexey Leonov, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasiliev, R. Sparvoli, Nicola Mori, Roberto Bellotti, A. N. Kvashnin, Matteo Martucci, A. M. Galper, E. Mocchiutti, A. V. Karelin, S. A. Voronov, G. Castellini, A. G. Mayorova, E. A. Bogomolov, G. Osteria, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F. S., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Kleymenova, S. O., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorova, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Panico, B., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasiliev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Physics, History, Earth's orbit, Antiparticle, Settore FIS/04, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, COSMIC RAYS, Electron, Computer Science Applications, Education, SOLAR MINIMA, Positron, Physics::Space Physics, Satellite, WIDE ENERGY RANGE
Abstract: The PAMELA experiment has measured cosmic ray particles and antiparticles fluxes at Earth orbit from June 2006 till January 2016 onboard the Resurs-DK1 satellite. Measurements were carried out during the solar minimum of 23 solar cycle with negative polarity A < 0 of heliospheric magnetic field till the beginning of 24 cycle with positive polarity A > 0. In this paper, the results of observations of electron and positron fluxes are presented in wide energy range from several hundreds MeVs till several TeVs These measurements provide important information to study cosmic ray sources and propagation in Galaxy and heliosphere.
Published: 2019

23. Secondary positrons and electrons in near-Earth space in the PAMELA experiment

Author: A. G. Mayorov, Alfonso Monaco, S. Y. Krutkov, D. Campana, Alexey Leonov, Matteo Martucci, M. Merge, Marco Casolino, Sergey Koldobskiy, Yu. T. Yurkin, G. C. Barbarino, M. Bongi, N. Zampa, V. Bonvicini, P. Picozza, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, L. Marcelli, Andrea Vacchi, E. Mocchiutti, V. Di Felice, A. Bruno, A. A. Kvashnin, M. F. Runtso, S. A. Voronov, Sergey Koldashov, M. Simon, Mirko Boezio, Riccardo Munini, A. V. Karelin, Yuri Stozhkov, V. V. Malakhov, O. Adriani, W. Menn, G. A. Bazilevskaya, G. Osteria, P. Spillantini, S. Bottai, G. Castellini, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, E. A. Bogomolov, Marco Ricci, A. N. Kvashnin, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, C. De Santis, V. V. Mikhailov, R. Sparvoli, Per Carlson, F. Cafagna, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: Settore FIS/01, Physics, PAMELA detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, Magnetosphere, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Electron, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Atmosphere, Physics and Astronomy (all), symbols.namesake, Atmosphere of Earth, Positron, law, Van Allen radiation belt, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, symbols, Cosmology, Earth (planet), Earth atmosphere, Orbits, Positrons, Radiation belts Different mechanisms, Electron flux, Magnetic spectrometers, Near-earth spaces, Secondary particles, Trapped particle, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Fluxes of electrons and positrons with energies above ~100 MeV in the near-Earth space are measured with the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer aboard the Resurs DK-1 satellite launched on June 15, 2006, into a quasipolar orbit with an altitude of 350–600 km and an inclination of 70°. Calculating the trajectories of detected electrons and positrons in the magnetosphere of the Earth allows us to determine their origin and isolate particles produced during interaction between cosmic rays and the residual atmosphere. Spatial distributions of albedo, quasitrapped, and trapped (in the radiation belt) positrons and electrons are presented. The ratio of positron and electron fluxes suggests that the fluxes of trapped particles of the radiation belt and quasitrapped secondary particles have different mechanisms of formation.
Published: 2017

24. Evidence of energy and charge sign dependence of the recovery time for the December 2006 Forbush event measured by the PAMELA experiment

Author: D. Campana, Ian G. Richardson, Sergey Koldashov, Marco Casolino, Yu. T. Yurkin, A. V. Karelin, S. Y. Krutkov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, S. A. Voronov, G. Castellini, Steven Stochaj, V. Di Felice, P. Papini, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, E. Vannuccini, Marco Ricci, Riccardo Munini, M. Bongi, A. G. Mayorov, Alexey Leonov, A. N. Kvashnin, P. Picozza, G. Osteria, Alfonso Monaco, R. Sparvoli, P. Spillantini, G. I. Vasilyev, O. Adriani, W. Menn, James M. Ryan, M. Merge, V. Bonvicini, Mirko Boezio, E. Mocchiutti, M. S. Potgieter, Y. I. Stozhkov, Nicola Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, L. Marcelli, Roberto Bellotti, C. De Santis, P. Carlson, A. M. Galper, A. Bruno, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, E. C. Christian, Matteo Martucci, N. Zampa, G. A. de Nolfo, G. A. Bazilevskaya, F. Cafagna, Andrea Vacchi, S. Bottai, V. V. Malakhov, M. Simon, Munini, R., Boezio, M., Bruno, A., Christian, E. C., Nolfo, G. A. D., Felice, V. D., Martucci, M., Merge, M., Richardson, I. G., Ryan, J. M., Stochaj, S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Santis, C. D., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Potgieter, M. S.
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, cosmic rays, Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs), Sun: heliosphere, Sun: particle emission, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmic ray, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Settore FIS/04, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Event (particle physics), Sign (mathematics)
Abstract: New results on the short-term galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) intensity variation (Forbish decrease) in 2006 December measured by the PAMELA instrument are presented. Forbush decreases are sudden suppressions of the GCR intensities, which are associated with the passage of interplanetary transients such as shocks and interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). Most of the past measurements of this phenomenon were carried out with groundbased detectors such as neutron monitors or muon telescopes. These techniques allow only the indirect detection of the overall GCR intensity over an integrated energy range. For the first time, thanks to the unique features of the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer, the Forbush decrease, commencing on 2006 December 14 and following a CME at the Sun on 2006 December 13, was studied in a wide rigidity range (0.4-20 GV) and for different species of GCRs detected directly in space. The daily averaged GCR proton intensity was used to investigate the rigidity dependence of the amplitude and the recovery time of the Forbush decrease. Additionally, for the first time, the temporal variations in the helium and electron intensities during a Forbush decrease were studied. Interestingly, the temporal evolutions of the helium and proton intensities during the Forbush decrease were found to be in good agreement, while the low rigidity electrons (
Published: 2018
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25. Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by the PAMELA Mission

Author: G. Osteria, Sergey Koldashov, Nicola Mori, Mirko Boezio, S. Y. Krutkov, A. V. Karelin, S. A. Voronov, Massimo Bongi, Yu. T. Yurkin, Alfonso Monaco, L. Marcelli, E. R. Christian, Sergey Koldobskiy, V. Di Felice, G. Castellini, G. A. Bazilevskaya, N. Zampa, Roberto Bellotti, V. V. Malakhov, A. M. Galper, Ian G. Richardson, Yuri Stozhkov, W. Menn, S. Bottai, E. Vannuccini, E. A. Bogomolov, M. Ricci, Roberta Sparvoli, A. N. Kvashnin, Marco Casolino, P. Spillantini, Alexey Leonov, Giancarlo Barbarino, R. Munini, G. Vasilyev, O. Adriani, Per Carlson, James M. Ryan, Andrea Vacchi, Michal Simon, S. B. Ricciarini, A. Bruno, G. A. de Nolfo, A. G. Mayorov, V. Bonvicini, Mark Pearce, D. Campana, E. Mocchiutti, Steven Stochaj, P. Picozza, M. Merge, C. De Santis, B. Panico, Gianluigi Zampa, M. Martucci, Paolo Papini, V. V. Mikhailov, F. Cafagna, Bruno, A., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Boezio, M., Christian, E. R., Nolfo, G. A. D., Martucci, M., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Munini, R., Richardson, I. G., Ryan, J. M., Stochaj, S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Santis, C. D., Felice, V. D., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: coronal mass ejections (CMEs), Sun: flares, space vehicle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, acceleration of particles, solar-terrestrial relations, space vehicles, Sun: particle emission, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Acceleration, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, acceleration of particle, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Sun: flare, solar-terrestrial relation, Solar energetic particles, Settore FIS/04, Shock (mechanics), Particle acceleration, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Antimatter, Physics::Space Physics, Particle
Abstract: Despite the significant progress achieved in recent years, the physical mechanisms underlying the origin of solar energetic particles (SEPs) are still a matter of debate. The complex nature of both particle acceleration and transport poses challenges to developing a universal picture of SEP events that encompasses both the low-energy (from tens of keV to a few hundreds of MeV) observations made by space-based instruments and the GeV particles detected by the worldwide network of neutron monitors in ground-level enhancements (GLEs). The high-precision data collected by the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) satellite experiment offer a unique opportunity to study the SEP fluxes between $\sim$80 MeV and a few GeV, significantly improving the characterization of the most energetic events. In particular, PAMELA can measure for the first time with good accuracy the spectral features at moderate and high energies, providing important constraints for current SEP models. In addition, the PAMELA observations allow the relationship between low and high-energy particles to be investigated, enabling a clearer view of the SEP origin. No qualitative distinction between the spectral shapes of GLE, sub-GLE and non-GLE events is observed, suggesting that GLEs are not a separate class, but are the subset of a continuous distribution of SEP events that are more intense at high energies. While the spectral forms found are to be consistent with diffusive shock acceleration theory, which predicts spectral rollovers at high energies that are attributed to particles escaping the shock region during acceleration, further work is required to explore the relative influences of acceleration and transport processes on SEP spectra., Comment: 26 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2018

26. Proton Fluxes Measured by the PAMELA Experiment from the Minimum to the Maximum Solar Activity for Solar Cycle 24

Author: Yu. T. Yurkin, V. Di Felice, M. S. Potgieter, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, V. Bonvicini, P. Spillantini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. N. Kvashnin, Riccardo Munini, L. Marcelli, Andrea Vacchi, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, A. Bruno, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, R. Sparvoli, O. Adriani, A. G. Mayorov, S. Y. Krutkov, V. V. Mikhailov, W. Menn, V. V. Malakhov, M. Simon, Sergey Koldobskiy, A. A. Leonov, M. Bongi, G. C. Barbarino, Marco Ricci, N. Zampa, N. Marcelli, Alfonso Monaco, G. A. Bazilevskaya, P. Picozza, A. V. Karelin, S. A. Voronov, Jan-Louis Raath, Mirko Boezio, M. Merge, Matteo Martucci, S. Bottai, E. Mocchiutti, G. Osteria, F. Cafagna, G. Castellini, Per Carlson, C. De Santis, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Sergey Koldashov, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Martucci, M., Munini, R., Boezio, M., Felice, V. D., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Santis, C. D., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Marcelli, N., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Potgieter, M. S., and Raath, J. L.
Subjects: Astroparticle physics, Physics, astroparticle physics, cosmic rays, Sun: heliosphere, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Settore FIS/04, astroparticle physic, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Solar cycle 24, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmic ray, Intensity (heat transfer), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Precise measurements of the time-dependent intensity of the low-energy (
Published: 2018
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27. Trapped Positrons and Electrons in the Inner Radiation Belt According to Data of the PAMELA Experiment

Author: Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, Sergey Koldashov, Mirko Boezio, Per Carlson, Alfonso Monaco, Massimo Bongi, S. Y. Krutkov, M. F. Runtso, F. Cafagna, Roberto Bellotti, Riccardo Munini, Yu. V. Mikhailova, G. A. Bazilevskaya, A. M. Galper, Yu. T. Yurkin, S. A. Voronov, M. Merge, G. I. Vasilyev, A. G. Mayorov, V. Bonvicini, R. Sparvoli, P. Papini, E. A. Bogomolov, Mark Pearce, D. Campana, A. A. Kvashnin, C. De Santis, O. Adriani, E. Mocchiutti, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, M. Simon, V. Di Felice, Matteo Martucci, G. Zampa, W. Menn, A. Bruno, V. V. Mikhailov, E. Vannuccini, B. Panico, S. Bottai, V. V. Malakhov, G. Osteria, N. Zampa, G. Castellini, Yuri Stozhkov, Nicola Mori, Alexey Leonov, P. Picozza, Marco Casolino, M. Ricci, A. V. Karelin, A. N. Kvashnin, P. Spillantini, S. B. Ricciarini, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailova, Y. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Elliptic orbit, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Magnetosphere, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, symbols.namesake, Atomic and Molecular Physics, 0103 physical sciences, INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, SPECTROMETER, 010306 general physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Range (particle radiation), Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, DARK MATTER, COSMIC RAYS, Earth's magnetic field, Van Allen radiation belt, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Satellite, and Optics
Abstract: Measurements of secondary-electron and secondary-positron fluxes below the geomagnetic cutoff in near-Earth space were performed by means of the PAMELA magnetic spectrometer installed on board the Resurs-DK1 satellite launched on June 15, 2006, in an elliptical orbit of inclination 70A degrees and altitude 350 to 600 km. This spectrometer permits measuring the fluxes of electrons and positrons over a wide energy range, as well as determining their spatial distributions to a precision of about 2A degrees. A calculation of particle trajectories in the geomagnetic field makes it possible to separate electrons and positrons originating from cosmic-ray interactions in the Earth's magnetosphere. The spatial distributions of quasitrapped, trapped, and short-lived albedo positrons and electrons of energy above 70 MeV in the radiation belt were analyzed. The ratio of the electron-to-positron fluxes and the energy spectra of the electrons and positrons in question are indicative of different productionmechanisms for stably trapped and quasitrapped secondary particles.
Published: 2018

28. Force-field parameterization of the galactic cosmic ray spectrum: Validation for Forbush decreases

Author: R. Carbone, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, S. Y. Krutkov, V. Formato, A. V. Karelin, S. A. Voronov, G. A. Kovaltsov, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, E. A. Bogomolov, Laura Rossetto, V. Bonvicini, Yu. T. Yurkin, Y. I. Stozhkov, V. G. Zverev, P. Picozza, G. Osteria, P. Spillantini, Nicola Mori, M. Simon, N. De Simone, E. Mocchiutti, L. Marcelli, Alfonso Monaco, A. Vacchi, V. Di Felice, R. Sparvoli, M. Merge, A. Bruno, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Marco Ricci, G. I. Vasilyev, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, C. De Santis, A. N. Kvashnin, Riccardo Munini, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Per Carlson, V. V. Malakhov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Ilya Usoskin, V. V. Mikhailov, C. De Donato, F. Cafagna, Matteo Martucci, Sergey Koldashov, A. G. Mayorov, G. Castellini, Valentina Scotti, Alexey Leonov, F. Palma, Mirko Boezio, D. Campana, Ritabrata Sarkar, Marco Casolino, O. Adriani, S. Bottai, W. Menn, M. Bongi, C. Pizzolotto, G., Usoskin, G. A., Kovaltsov, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S. A., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A. A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergè, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, V. M., Simon, Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, P., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, V. G., Zverev, Usoskin, I. G., Kovaltsov, G. A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Aerospace Engineering, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Cosmic rays, Forbush decrease, Heliosphere, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Geophysics, Energy spectrum, Settore FIS/01, Physics, Spectrum (functional analysis), Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Force field parameterization, Geophysics, Physics::Space Physics, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Parametrization
Abstract: A useful parametrization of the energy spectrum of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) near Earth is offered by the so-called force-field model which describes the shape of the entire spectrum with a single parameter, the modulation potential. While the usefulness of the force-field approximation has been confirmed for regular periods of solar modulation, it was not tested explicitly for disturbed periods, when \GCR\ are locally modulated by strong interplanetary transients. Here we use direct measurements of protons and α -particles performed by the \PAMELA\ space-borne instrument during December 2006, including a major Forbush decrease, in order to directly test the validity of the force-field parameterization. We conclude that (1) The force-field parametrization works very well in describing the energy spectra of protons and α -particles directly measured by \PAMELA\ outside the Earths atmosphere; (2) The energy spectrum of \GCR\ can be well parameterized by the force-field model also during a strong Forbush decrease; (3) The estimate of the \GCR\ modulation parameter, obtained using data from the world-wide neutron monitor network, is in good agreement with the spectra directly measured by \PAMELA\ during the studied interval. This result is obtained on the basis of a single event analysis, more events need to be analyzed.
Published: 2015

29. Measurement of the large-scale anisotropy of cosmic rays in the PAMELA experiment

Author: P. Spillantini, S. A. Koldobskii, E. Mocchiutti, G. I. Vasil’ev, V. Bonvicini, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Marco Ricci, Roberta Sparvoli, C. De Santis, P. Papini, Per Carlson, M. Bongi, E. Vannuccini, S. Bottai, C. De Donato, M. Simon, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, V. Di Felice, V. V. Malakhov, Mirko Boezio, A. Bruno, Alfonso Monaco, Sergey Koldashov, Riccardo Munini, E. A. Bogomolov, W. Menn, P. Picozza, Valerio Formato, S. Yu. Krutkov, F. Cafagna, Yu. T. Yurkin, R. Carbone, M. Merge, G. Osteria, N. Zampa, O. Adriani, S. A. Voronov, D. Campana, A. G. Maiorov, Alexey Leonov, V. V. Mikhailov, Nicola Mori, Marco Casolino, Ritabrata Sarkar, Valentina Scotti, G. Castellini, F. Palma, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Matteo Martucci, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, G. C. Barbarino, A. N. Kvashnin, A. V. Karelin, N. De Simone, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, M. L. Rosetto, A. V., Karelin, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasil’Ev, S. A., Voronov, A. M., Galper, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, A. N., Kvashnin, S. V., Koldashov, S. A., Koldobskii, S. Y., Krutkov, A. A., Leonov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Maiorov, V. V., Malakhov, W., Menn, M., Mergè, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, M. L., Rosetto, M., Simon, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, V., Formato, Y. T., Yurkin, Karelin, A. V., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasil’Ev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Gal’Per, A. M., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskii, S. A., Krut’Kov, S. Y. u., Leonov, A. A., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Maiorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rosetto, M. L., Simon, M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Formato, V., and Yurkin, Y. u. T.
Subjects: Physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Scale (ratio), Settore FIS/04, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, anisotropy, Astrophysics, Galaxy, satellite experiment, Physics::Geophysics, Dipole, cosmic rays, PAMELA, Equatorial coordinate system, Physics::Space Physics, Magnitude (astronomy), Cosmic Rays, anisotropy, PAMELA, Satellite, Anisotropy, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: Large-scale anisotropy or so-called sidereal-diurnal wave has been detected in the PAMELA satellite experiment in the time interval of 2006–2014. The magnitude of anisotropy has been measured simultaneously for the Southern and Northern Hemispheres in the equatorial coordinate system. The results confirm the data of ground-based experiments.
Published: 2015

30. Measuring the albedo deuteron flux in the PAMELA satellite experiment

Author: Alfonso Monaco, G. Osteria, M. Merge, Nicola Mori, D. Campana, S. A. Voronov, Matteo Martucci, Per Carlson, Roberta Sparvoli, N. Zampa, Yu. T. Yurkin, Marco Casolino, Laura Rossetto, S. Y. Krutkov, G. I. Vasilyev, E. A. Bogomolov, A. G. Mayorov, F. Palma, R. Carbone, C. Pizzolotto, Valerio Formato, M. Simon, Riccardo Munini, L. Marcelli, Sergey Koldobskiy, W. Menn, C. De Santis, G. C. Barbarino, A. Vacchi, Marco Ricci, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, V. V. Malakhov, C. De Donato, A. Bruno, A.A. Kvashnin, V. Di Felice, P. Papini, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Yuri Stozhkov, Valentina Scotti, E. Vannuccini, P. Picozza, P. Spillantini, Alexey Leonov, N. De Simone, V. G. Zverev, Mirko Boezio, V. Bonvicini, O. Adriani, Sergey Koldashov, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Mikhailov, Ritabrata Sarkar, S. Bottai, G. A. Bazilevskaya, G. Castellini, M. Bongi, F. Cafagna, I. A. Danilchenko, A. V. Karelin, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, A. N. Kvashnin, S., Koldobskiya, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, I. A., Danilchenko, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S. Y., Krutkov, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V. V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Merge, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, C., Pizzolotto, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, L., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Stozhkov, Y. u. I., A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Yurkin, Y. u. T., G., Zampa, N., Zampa, V. G., Zverev, Koldobskiy, S., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Danilchenko, I. A., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: deuteron, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Geomagnetism, Solar radiation Artificial Earth satellites, Energy interval, High-precision, Instrument setup, Cosmic ray, Spectral line, Latitude, law.invention, Physics and Astronomy (all), cosmic rays, PAMELA, law, Nuclear Experiment, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Settore FIS/01, Physics, PAMELA detector, Astronomy, Albedo, Earth's magnetic field, Physics::Space Physics, PAMELA, cosmic rays, albedo particles, deuteron, Satellite, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Nucleon, albedo particles
Abstract: The results of measuring albedo deuteron fluxes in the vicinity of the Earth are presented. The data were obtained in the PAMELA experiment conducted aboard the Resurs DK-1 artificial Earth satellite. High-precision detectors of the instrument setup allow us to identify albedo deuterons and measure their spectra in the energy interval from 70 to 600 MeV/nucleon at altitudes of 350-600 km for different geomagnetic latitudes.
Published: 2015

31. Sharp increasing of positron to electron fluxes ratio below 2 GV measured by the PAMELA

Author: Alfonso Monaco, A. N. Kvashnin, M. Merge, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, A. G. Mayorov, G. I. Vasiliev, R. Sparvoli, N. De Simone, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, M. Simon, N. Zampa, Sergey Koldashov, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Yu. T. Yurkin, C. De Santis, Yu. I. Stozhkov, V. V. Malakhov, S. Yu. Krutkov, P. Picozza, Roberto Bellotti, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, F. Palma, A. M. Galper, P. Papini, Giuseppe Osteria, E. Vannuccini, Matteo Martucci, S. A. Koldobsky, E. Mocchiutti, F. Cafagna, A. V. Karelin, Mirko Boezio, D. Campana, S. Bottai, Maria Teresa Ricci, S. A. Voronov, Marco Casolino, C. De Donato, Nicola Mori, E. A. Bogomolov, Riccardo Munini, M. Bongi, P. Spillantini, O. Adriani, W. Menn, V. Di Felice, V. Bonvicini, G. C. Barbarino, G. Castellini, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, Alexey Leonov, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F. S., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobsky, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A. A., Malakhov, V. V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Palma, F., Panico, B., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasiliev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Physics, Settore FIS/01, History, Antiparticle, PAMELA detector, Spectrometer, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Polar orbit, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Electron, Cosmology, Electrons, Magnetic polarity, Orbits, Positrons, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Physics and Astronomy (all), Positron, law, Physics::Space Physics, Satellite, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Magnetic spectrometer PAMELA was launched onboard a satellite Resurs-DK1 into low-Earth polar orbit with altitude 350-600 km to study cosmic ray antiparticle fluxes in a wide energy range from ~ 100 MeV to hundreds GeV. This paper presents the results of observations of temporal variations of the positron and electron fluxes in the 2006-2015. The ratio of the positron and electron fluxes below 2 GV shows sharp increasing since 2014 due to changing of the polarity of the solar magnetic field.
Published: 2017

32. Solar modulation of cosmic deuteron fluxes in the PAMELA experiment

Author: Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, V. V. Mikhailov, V. Bonvicini, Andrea Vacchi, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, M. Simon, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Riccardo Munini, N. Zampa, Mirko Boezio, A. V. Karelin, R. Sparvoli, Marco Ricci, Per Carlson, Alfonso Monaco, F. Cafagna, A. N. Kvashnin, Yu. T. Yurkin, M. Merge, G. Osteria, Massimo Bongi, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, V. V. Malakhov, A. G. Mayorov, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. Di Felice, S. Bottai, O. Adriani, E. Mocchiutti, W. Menn, A. A. Kvashnin, G. I. Vasilyev, S. Y. Krutkov, Matteo Martucci, M. F. Runtso, S. A. Voronov, P. Picozza, C. De Santis, Nicola Mori, P. Spillantini, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Sergey Koldashov, L. Marcelli, A. Bruno, Alexey Leonov, Yuri Stozhkov, G. Castellini, E. A. Bogomolov, Koldobskiy, S. A., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: Physics, COSMIC cancer database, PAMELA detector, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Settore FIS/04, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Cosmic ray measurement, Cosmic rays, Deuterium, Modulation, Solar energy Energy interval, Galactic cosmic rays, High precision detections, Measurements of, Solar activity, Solar modulation, Astrophysics, Solar energy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, law.invention, Physics and Astronomy (all), law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Coronal mass ejection, Satellite, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, business, Nucleon, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: The preliminary results from measurements of deuteron fluxes in galactic cosmic rays (GCR) in the vicinity of the Earth in 2006–2009 are presented. The results are obtained by analyzing data from the PAMELA experiment aboard the Resurs DK-1 satellite. High-precision detection instruments provided an opportunity to identify GCR deuterons and measure their spectrum in the energy interval of 90–650MeV/nucleon. Spectra averaged over six-month intervals from the summer of 2006 to the summer of 2009 (the solar activity minimum) are presented. The influence of solar modulation on the observed spectrum is clearly seen in the results.
Published: 2017

33. Modulation of electrons and positrons in 2006â2015 in the PAMELA experiment

Author: E. Mocchiutti, O. Adriani, W. Menn, A. G. Mayorov, A. N. Kvashnin, A. V. Karelin, R. Sparvoli, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Sergey Koldobskiy, P. Papini, G. Castellini, E. Vannuccini, Yu. T. Yurkin, G. C. Barbarino, V. V. Malakhov, Mirko Boezio, Marco Ricci, C. De Santis, N. Zampa, M. Bongi, Matteo Martucci, V. Di Felice, V. Bonvicini, S. Bottai, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, Andrea Vacchi, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, S. Y. Krutkov, A. A. Kvashnin, G. I. Vasilyev, Per Carlson, M. Simon, F. Cafagna, L. Marcelli, G. A. Bazilevskaya, G. Osteria, A. Bruno, Nicola Mori, P. Picozza, V. V. Mikhailov, Riccardo Munini, P. Spillantini, D. Campana, M. F. Runtso, S. A. Voronov, Marco Casolino, Sergey Koldashov, Alfonso Monaco, M. Merge, Yuri Stozhkov, Alexey Leonov, E. A. Bogomolov, Mikhailov, V. V., Adriani, O., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Boezio, M., Bonvicini, V., Bongi, M., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Galper, A. M., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Casolino, M., Campana, D., Karelin, A. V., Carlson, P., Castellini, G., Cafagna, F., Kvashnin, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S. A., Krutkov, S. Y., Leonov, A. A., Mayorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Martucci, M., Marcelli, L., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Picozza, P., Pearce, M., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Runtso, M. F., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., and Yurkin, Y. T.
Subjects: Physics, Settore FIS/01, Antiparticle, PAMELA detector, Spectrometer, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Electron, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Physics and Astronomy (all), Positron, law, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Coronal mass ejection, Interplanetary magnetic field, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic rays, Cosmology, Magnetic polarity, Orbits, Positrons, Solar energy Magnetic spectrometers, Solar activity, Solar magnetic fields, Temporal variation, Time interval, Wide energy range
Abstract: The PAMELA magnetic spectrometer was launched aboard the Resurs DK-1 satellite into a nearpolar circumterrestrial orbit with an altitude of 350–600 km to study fluxes of the particles and antiparticles of cosmic rays in the wide energy range of ~80 MeV to several hundred gigaelectronvolts. The results from observations of temporal variations in electron and positron fluxes in 2006–2015 are presented. The ratio of electron and positron fluxes measured in this time interval reveals a dependence on the rigidity of particles, the solar activity, and the polarity of the solar magnetic field.
Published: 2017

34. Geomagnetically trapped, albedo and solar energetic particles: Trajectory analysis and flux reconstruction with PAMELA

Author: G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, Matteo Martucci, G. A. de Nolfo, Alfonso Monaco, A. G. Mayorov, Alexey Leonov, M. Merge, Valentina Scotti, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, E. Mocchiutti, Ritabrata Sarkar, S. Bottai, Sergey Koldashov, R. Sparvoli, Sergey Koldobskiy, A. V. Karelin, Marco Ricci, V. V. Malakhov, G. C. Barbarino, G. Osteria, G. I. Vasilyev, G. Castellini, S. Y. Krutkov, James M. Ryan, V. Di Felice, C. De Santis, C. De Donato, Mirko Boezio, P. Picozza, Nicola Mori, F. Palma, M. Simon, V. V. Mikhailov, Riccardo Munini, F. Cafagna, E. C. Christian, O. Adriani, A. N. Kvashnin, W. Menn, Yu. T. Yurkin, L. Marcelli, M. Bongi, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Steven Stochaj, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Per Carlson, N. De Simone, P. Spillantini, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Bruno, A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. C., De Donato, C., de Nolfo, G. A., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Ryan, J. M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Atmospheric Science, Solar energetic particles, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Aerospace Engineering, FOS: Physical sciences, Space weather, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Physics::Geophysics, symbols.namesake, Physics - Space Physics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Albedo particles, Cosmic-rays, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Ring current, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Geomagnetic storm, Settore FIS/01, PAMELA detector, Astronomy, Geomagnetic cutoff, Radiation belts, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Geophysics, Earth's magnetic field, Van Allen radiation belt, Health threat from cosmic rays, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The PAMELA satellite experiment is providing comprehensive observations of the interplanetary and magnetospheric radiation in the near-Earth environment. Thanks to its identification capabilities and the semi-polar orbit, PAMELA is able to precisely measure the energetic spectra and the angular distributions of the different cosmic-ray populations over a wide latitude region, including geomagnetically trapped and albedo particles. Its observations comprise the solar energetic particle events between solar cycles 23 and 24, and the geomagnetic cutoff variations during magnetospheric storms. PAMELA's measurements are supported by an accurate analysis of particle trajectories in the Earth's magnetosphere based on a realistic geomagnetic field modeling, which allows the classification of particle populations of different origin and the investigation of the asymptotic directions of arrival., Comment: Accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research, 2016. 21 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2017

35. PAMELA's measurements of geomagnetic cutoff variations during the 14 December 2006 storm

Author: Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, Alfonso Monaco, D. Campana, A. G. Mayorov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Marco Casolino, S. Y. Krutkov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, M. Merge, Matteo Martucci, E. Mocchiutti, G. A. de Nolfo, S. Bottai, P. Picozza, V. Bonvicini, O. Adriani, Sergey Koldashov, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. V. Karelin, W. Menn, V. V. Malakhov, Per Carlson, Valentina Scotti, P. Spillantini, F. Cafagna, M. Bongi, N. De Simone, Marco Ricci, M. Simon, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, N. Zampa, V. V. Mikhailov, F. Palma, A. N. Kvashnin, G. A. Bazilevskaya, S. A. Voronov, R. Sparvoli, E. A. Bogomolov, Yu. T. Yurkin, V. Di Felice, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, G. I. Vasilyev, C. De Santis, C. De Donato, Riccardo Munini, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Alexey Leonov, Ritabrata Sarkar, G. Castellini, Mirko Boezio, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Nolfo, G. A., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Geomagnetic Cutoff, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Magnetosphere, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics::Geophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Physics - Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Interplanetary magnetic field, Solar Energetic Particles, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Geomagnetic storm, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Ionospheric dynamo region, Geomagnetic secular variation, Solar energetic particles, Settore FIS/04, Geophysics, Magnetic Storms, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Solar wind, Earth's magnetic field, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Data from the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) satellite experiment were used to measure the geomagnetic cutoff for high-energy (>80 MeV) protons during the 14 December 2006 geomagnetic storm. The variations of the cutoff latitude as a function of rigidity were studied on relatively short timescales, corresponding to spacecraft orbital periods (94 min). Estimated cutoff values were compared with those obtained by means of a trajectory tracing approach based on a dynamical empirical modeling of the Earth's magnetosphere. We found significant variations in the cutoff latitude, with a maximum suppression of about 7 deg at lowest rigidities during the main phase of the storm. The observed reduction in the geomagnetic shielding and its temporal evolution were related to the changes in the magnetospheric configuration, investigating the role of interplanetary magnetic field, solar wind and geomagnetic parameters. PAMELA's results represent the first direct measurement of geomagnetic cutoffs for protons with kinetic energies in the sub-GeV and GeV region., 26 pages, 6 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication in Space Weather
Published: 2016

36. The May 17, 2012 solar event: Back-tracing analysis and flux reconstruction with PAMELA

Author: Sergey Koldashov, Yu. T. Yurkin, V. V. Mikhailov, G. A. Bazilevskaya, R. Sparvoli, S. Y. Krutkov, M. Bongi, V. Di Felice, Yuri Stozhkov, Ulisse Bravar, P. Picozza, V. V. Malakhov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Roberto Bellotti, R. Carbone, Steven Stochaj, N. De Simone, A. M. Galper, Sergey Koldobskiy, F. Cafagna, P. Papini, G. C. Barbarino, E. Vannuccini, A. G. Mayorov, Alfonso Monaco, E. Mocchiutti, E. C. Christian, A. V. Karelin, N. Zampa, M. Merge, S. A. Voronov, Per Carlson, C. De Santis, D. Campana, James M. Ryan, E. A. Bogomolov, V. G. Zverev, A. N. Kvashnin, G. Osteria, Marco Casolino, C. De Donato, M. Simon, V. Bonvicini, L. Marcelli, Maria Teresa Ricci, A. Vacchi, Valerio Formato, A. Bruno, G. I. Vasilyev, Nicola Mori, Matteo Martucci, G. A. de Nolfo, G. Castellini, Alexey Leonov, Ritabrata Sarkar, S. Bottai, Riccardo Munini, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, P. Spillantini, M. A. Lee, O. Adriani, W. Menn, F. Palma, Valentina Scotti, Mirko Boezio, Bruno, A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bravar, U., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. C., De Donato, C., De Nolfo, G. A., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Felice, V. D., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Lee, M., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Ryan, J. M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Physics, Settore FIS/01, History, Solar energetic particles, Spacecraft, business.industry, Magnetosphere, Direction of arrival, Astrophysics, Tracing, Solar physics, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science Applications, Education, Computational physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Space Physics, Neutron, Interplanetary magnetic field, 010306 general physics, business, Angular distribution, Cosmology, Earth (planet), Low power electronics, Orbits, Solar system, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: The PAMELA space experiment is providing first direct observations of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) with energies from about 80 MeV to several GeV in near-Earth orbit, bridging the low energy measurements by other spacecrafts and the Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) data by the worldwide network of neutron monitors. Its unique observational capabilities include the possibility of measuring the flux angular distribution and thus investigating possible anisotropies associated to SEP events. The analysis is supported by an accurate back-tracing simulation based on a realistic description of the Earth's magnetosphere, which is exploited to estimate the SEP energy spectra as a function of the asymptotic direction of arrival with respect to the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). In this work we report the results for the May 17, 2012 event.
Published: 2016

37. The PAMELA experiment and cosmic ray observations

Author: G. Castellini, P. Spillantini, Mirko Boezio, Alexey Leonov, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, Ritabrata Sarkar, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, A. N. Kvashnin, Matteo Martucci, S. Y. Krutkov, S. Bottai, F. Palma, Yu. T. Yurkin, M. Simon, Valerio Formato, M. Bongi, V. Di Felice, A. G. Mayorov, Roberta Sparvoli, P. Picozza, V. V. Malakhov, Valentina Scotti, A. V. Karelin, R. Carbone, Sergey Koldobskiy, Alfonso Monaco, G. C. Barbarino, I. A. Danilchenko, Marco Ricci, V. G. Zverev, M. Merge, O. Adriani, G. I. Vasilyev, W. Menn, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Mikhailov, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, F. Cafagna, G. Osteria, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Nicola Mori, C. De Santis, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, C. De Donato, Riccardo Munini, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Sergey Koldashov, Per Carlson, N. De Simone, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, N., Mori, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, I. A., Danilchenko, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S. A., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A. A., Leonov, V. V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergè, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, M. L., Rosetto, R., Sarkar, V. M., Simon, Sparvoli, Y. I., Stozhkov, P., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasil’Ev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, V. G., Zverev, Mori, N., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Danilchenko, I. A., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Physics, Space experiments, Range (particle radiation), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, PAMELA detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmic rays, Settore FIS/04, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, law.invention, Space experiment, law, Physics::Space Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, space experiments
Abstract: The \PAMELA\ space experiment is aimed at precise measurements of the charged light component of the cosmic ray spectrum in the energy range spanning from the sub-GeV region to the TeV region, with a particular focus on antimatter. The instrument consists of a magnetic spectrometer, an electromagnetic sampling calorimeter,a time-of-flight system, an anticoincidence shield, a tail-catcher scintillator and a neutron detector. Launched in June 2006 and hosted on the Resurs-DK1 satellite, \PAMELA\ has been taking data for more than eight years, providing scientific results with unprecedented statistics and a continuous monitoring of the sun activity and the heliosphere.
Published: 2015

38. Time variations of proton flux in Earth inner radiation belt during 23/24 solar cycles based on the PAMELA and the ARINA data

Author: Yu. T. Yurkin, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, V. Di Felice, Roberta Sparvoli, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, D. Campana, G. C. Barbarino, Valentina Scotti, Valerio Formato, Yu. I. Stozhkov, A. M. Galper, Mirko Boezio, S. Yu. Krutkov, Alexey Leonov, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, S. Bottai, A. G. Mayorov, A. N. Kvashnin, Ritabrata Sarkar, M. A. Mayorova, Marco Casolino, P. Spillantini, V. V. Mikhailov, A. V. Karelin, E. Mocchuuitti, M. Simon, V. V. Malakhov, Sergey Koldashov, Riccardo Munini, G. Osteria, G. Castellini, Matteo Martucci, F. Palma, A. A. Kvashnin, Massimo Bongi, O. Adriani, L. Marcelli, F. Cafagna, W. Menn, N. De Simone, A. Bruno, Maria Teresa Ricci, P. Picozza, V. Bonvicini, Per Carlson, A. Vacci, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, S. Yu. Aleksandrin, G. I. Vasilyev, C. De Santis, C. De Donato, Alfonso Monaco, M. Merge, Nicola Mori, Malakhov, V. V, Koldashov, S. V, Mayorov, A. G, Mayorova, M. A, Mikhailov, V. V, Aleksandrin, S. Yu, Adriani, O, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A, Boezio, M, Bogomolov, E. A, Bongi, M, Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S, Bruno, A, Cafagna, F, Campana, D, Carlson, P, Casolino, M, Castellini, G, De Donato, C, De Santis, C, De Simone, N, Di Felice, V, Formato, V, Galper, A. M, Karelin, A. V, Krutkov, S. Yu, Kvashnin, A. A, Kvashnin, A. N, Leonov, A. A, Marcelli, L, Martucci, M, Menn, W, Merge, M, Mocchuuitti, E, Monaco, A, Mori, N, Munini, R, Osteria, G, Palma, F, Panico, B, Papini, P, Pearce, M, Picozza, P, Ricci, M, Ricciarini, S. B, Sarkar, R, Scotti, V, Simon, M, Sparvoli, R, Spillantini, P, Stozhkov, Yu I, Vacci, A, Vannuccini, E, Vasilyev, G. I, Voronov, S. A, Yurkin, Yu T, Zampa, G, Zampa, N., V., Malakhov, S. V., Koldashov, A. G., Mayorov, M. A., Mayorova, V. V., Mikhailov, Aleksandrin, S. Y. u., O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. Y., Krutkov, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, W., Menn, M., Mergé, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, and N., Zampa
Subjects: History, High energy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Proton flux, radiation belt, Education, law.invention, satellite experiment, symbols.namesake, law, PAMELA, Cosmic rays, radiation belt, proton, PAMELA, Cosmic rays, Physics, PAMELA detector, Settore FIS/04, Astronomy, Computer Science Applications, Proton (rocket family), Van Allen radiation belt, Physics::Space Physics, symbols, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Satellite, Time variations, proton
Abstract: The PAMELA and the ARINA experiments are carried out on the board of satellite RESURS-DK1 since 2006 up to now. Main goal of the PAMELA instrument is measurements of high energy antiparticles in cosmic rays while the ARINA instrument is intended studying high energy charged particle bursts in the magnetosphere. Both of these experiments have a possibility to study trapped particles in the inner radiation belt. Complex of these two instruments covers proton energy range from 30 MeV up to trapping limit (E= ~2 GeV). Continuous measurements with the PAMELA and the ARINA spectrometers include falling and rising phases of 23/24 solar cycles and maximum of 24th one. In this report we present temporal profiles of proton flux in the inner zone of the radiation belt (1.11 < L < 1.18, 0.18 < B < 0.22G). Dependence of proton fluxes on a magnitude of the solar activity was studied for various phases of 23/24 solar cycles. At that it was shown that proton fluxes at the solar minimum are several times greater than at the solar maximum.
Published: 2015

39. Solar modulation of GCR electrons over the 23rd solar minimum with PAMELA

Author: L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, S. Bottai, A. Bruno, E. Mocchiutti, D. Campana, Mirko Boezio, Maria Teresa Ricci, Marco Casolino, F. Cafagna, A. V. Karelin, Riccardo Munini, Etienne Vos, G. Osteria, M. S. Potgieter, O. Adriani, Massimo Bongi, Matteo Martucci, Alexey Leonov, W. Menn, V. V. Mikhailov, V. Formato, Valentina Scotti, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, C. De Santis, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, Sergey Koldashov, A. N. Kvashnin, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, A. G. Mayorov, M. Simon, Sergey Koldobskiy, F. Palma, G. C. Barbarino, V. Di Felice, Nicola Mori, V. V. Malakhov, C. De Donato, G. I. Vasilyev, Roberta Sparvoli, S. Y. Krutkov, P. Picozza, P. Spillantini, Alfonso Monaco, M. Merge, Ritabrata Sarkar, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, N. De Simone, G. Castellini, Per Carlson, Yu. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Munini, R, Di Felice, V, Adriani, O, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A, Bellotti, R, Boezio, M, Bogomolov, E. A, Bongi, M, Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S, Bruno, A, Cafagna, F, Campana, D, Carlson, P, Casolino, M, Castellini, G, De Donato, C, De Santis, C, De Simone, N, Formato, V, Galper, A. M, Karelin, A. V, Koldashov, S. V, Koldobskiy, S, Krutkov, S. Y, Kvashnin, A. N, Leonov, A, Malakhov, V, Marcelli, L, Martucci, M, Mayorov, A. G, Menn, W, Merge, M, Mikhailov, V. V, Mocchiutti, E, Monaco, A, Mori, N, Osteria, G, Palma, F, Panico, B, Papini, P, Pearce, M, Picozza, P, Ricci, M, Ricciarini, S. B, Sarkar, R, Scotti, V, Simon, M, Sparvoli, R, Spillantini, P, Stozhkov, Y. I, Vacchi, A, Vannuccini, E, Vasilyev, G, Voronov, S. A, Yurkin, Y. T, Zampa, G, Zampa, N, Potgieter, M. S, Vos, E. E., Munini, Riccardo, V., Di Felice, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergé, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, M. S., Potgieter, and E. E., Vos
Subjects: Solar minimum, electron, History, Antiparticle, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, solar minimum, Solar cycle 23, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Solar Modulation, electron, solar minimum, PAMELA, Education, law.invention, Physics and Astronomy (all), law, PAMELA, Cosmology, Modulation, Solar energy Apparatus design, Charged components, Electron spectrum, Galactic cosmic rays, Solar minima, Solar modulation, Solar modulation effects, Coronal mass ejection, Physics, PAMELA detector, Settore FIS/04, Computer Science Applications, Solar cycle, Solar Modulation, Antimatter, Physics::Space Physics, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING
Abstract: The satellite-borne PAMELA experiment has been continuously collecting data since 15th June 2006, when it was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome to detect the charged component of cosmic rays over a wide energy range and with unprecedented statistics. The apparatus design is particularly suited for particle and antiparticle identification. The PAMELA experiment has measured the electron spectrum at Earth in great detail, extending up to about 100 GeV and down to about 200 MeV. The galactic cosmic ray electron spectra for 2007 and 2009, i.e. measured during the A
Published: 2015

40. Detection of a change in the North-South ratio of count rates of particles of high-energy cosmic rays during a change in the polarity of the magnetic field of the Sun

Author: M. Simon, V. Di Felice, V. Bonvicini, P. Spillantini, Riccardo Munini, G. I. Vasil’ev, W. Menn, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Roberto Bellotti, Marco Ricci, S. A. Koldobskii, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, A. M. Galper, Mirko Boezio, G. Castellini, O. Adriani, A. N. Kvashnin, Alfonso Monaco, V. V. Malakhov, G. A. Bazilevskaya, F. Cafagna, M. Merge, Alexey Leonov, S. Bottai, A. V. Karelin, L. Marcelli, Roberta Sparvoli, M. Bongi, S. A. Voronov, A. G. Maiorov, A. Vacchi, Matteo Martucci, V. V. Mikhailov, S. Yu. Krutkov, Sergey Koldashov, A. Bruno, F. Palma, Ritabrata Sarkar, R. Carbone, Per Carlson, E. A. Bogomolov, D. Campana, Valerio Formato, N. De Simone, Valentina Scotti, Marco Casolino, N. Zampa, P. Picozza, E. Mocchiutti, Yu. T. Yurkin, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, M. L. Rosetto, G. C. Barbarino, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, C. De Santis, C. De Donato, A. V., Karelin, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasil’Ev, S. A., Voronov, A. M., Galper, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, A. N., Kvashnin, S. V., Koldashov, S. A., Koldobskii, S. Y., Krutkov, A. A., Leonov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Maiorov, V. V., Malakhov, W., Menn, M., Mergè, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, M. L., Rosetto, M., Simon, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, V., Formato, Y. T., Yurkin, Karelin, A. V., Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasil’Ev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Gal’Per, A. M., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Kvashnin, A. N., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskii, S. A., Krut’Kov, S. Y. u., Leonov, A. A., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Maiorov, A. G., Malakhov, V. V., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rosetto, M. L., Simon, M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Formato, V., and Yurkin, Y. u. T.
Subjects: Physics, Solid-state physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Polarity (physics), Settore FIS/04, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, north south asymmetry, Magnetic field, satellite experiment, cosmic rays, PAMELA, Physics::Space Physics, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, PAMELA, Cosmic Rays, north south asymmetry, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract: A change in the ratio of the intensities of particles of high-energy cosmic rays arriving from the North and South in the time interval of 2010–2014 has been detected with a calorimeter entering into the experimental complex of the PAMELA satellite experiment since June 2006. The polarity of the magnetic field of the Sun changed in a part of this time interval. Thus, the results indicate that the North-South asymmetry of cosmic ray fluxes is related to the magnetic field of the Sun.
Published: 2015

41. Pamela’s Measurements of Magnetospheric Effects On High Energy Solar Particles

Author: Mirko Boezio, E. Vannuccini, Piero Spillantini, G. A. de Nolfo, G. Castellini, N. Zampa, N. Thakur, O. Adriani, Roberto Bellotti, V. Di Felice, F. Cafagna, S. Bottai, A. M. Galper, Sergey Koldobskiy, Nicola Mori, M. Ricci, A. N. Kvashnin, Giancarlo Barbarino, Giuseppe Osteria, Roberta Sparvoli, Alfonso Monaco, C. De Donato, G. Vasilyev, Mark Pearce, D. Campana, F. Palma, A. V. Karelin, Steven Stochaj, Paolo Papini, Alexey Leonov, A. Bruno, S. Y. Krutkov, M. A. Lee, P. Picozza, R. Munini, Ritabrata Sarkar, V. Scotti, S. B. Ricciarini, A. G. Mayorov, E. R. Christian, Marco Casolino, L. Marcelli, C. De Santis, E. Mocchiutti, M. Simon, V. Bonvicini, M. Merge, S. A. Voronov, V. V. Malakhov, N. De Simone, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Sergey Koldashov, B. Panico, Yuri Stozhkov, Gianluigi Zampa, R. Carbone, James M. Ryan, E. A. Bogomolov, Valerio Formato, U. Bravar, V. V. Mikhailov, Massimo Bongi, W. Menn, Per Carlson, M. Martucci, Andrea Vacchi, Yu. T. Yurkin, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, U., Bravar, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R., Carbone, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, E. R., Christian, C., De Donato, G. A., de Nolfo, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S. Y., Krutkov, A. N., Kvashnin, M., Lee, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergé, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, J. M., Ryan, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, S., Stochaj, Y. I., Stozhkov, N., Thakur, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, Adriani, O., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bravar, U., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. R., Donato, C. De, Nolfo, G. A. de, Santis, C. De, Simone, N. De, Felice, V. Di, Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Lee, M., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergé, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Ryan, J. M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Thakur, N., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Sun: flares, earth magnetic field, Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs), Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Magnetosheath, PAMELA, Sun: particle emission, propagation, Coronal mass ejection, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Pitch angle, Sun: heliosphere, education, solar particles, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, education.field_of_study, Neutron monitor, Solar energetic particles, Earth, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Settore FIS/04, PAMELA, solar flare, propagation, earth magnetic field, solar particles, solar flare, Particle acceleration, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Antimatter, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The nature of particle acceleration at the Sun, whether through flare reconnection processes or through shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), is still under scrutiny despite decades of research. The measured properties of solar energetic particles (SEPs) have long been modeled in different particle-acceleration scenarios. The challenge has been to disentangle to the effects of transport from those of acceleration. The Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) instrument, enables unique observations of SEPs including composition and the angular distribution of the particles about the magnetic field, i.e. pitch angle distribution, over a broad energy range (>80 MeV) -- bridging a critical gap between space-based measurements and ground-based. We present high-energy SEP data from PAMELA acquired during the 2012 May 17 SEP event. These data exhibit differential anisotropies and thus transport features over the instrument rigidity range. SEP protons exhibit two distinct pitch angle distributions; a low-energy population that extends to 90�� and a population that is beamed at high energies (>1 GeV), consistent with neutron monitor measurements. To explain a low-energy SEP population that exhibits significant scattering or redistribution accompanied by a high-energy population that reaches the Earth relatively unaffected by dispersive transport effects, we postulate that the scattering or redistribution takes place locally. We believe these are the first comprehensive measurements of the effects of solar energetic particle transport in the Earth's magnetosheath., 21 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Published: 2015

42. The PAMELA Mission: Heralding a new era in precision cosmic ray physics

Author: D. Campana, Marco Casolino, M. P. De Pascale, A. M. Galper, N. De Simone, M. Bongi, Mirko Boezio, A. V. Karelin, G. Castellini, R. Carbone, O. Adriani, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, V. V. Malakhov, N. Zampa, S. Bottai, W. Menn, A. Bruno, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Valerio Formato, Roberta Sparvoli, Sergey Koldashov, G. Zampa, Roberto Bellotti, Alfonso Monaco, Ugo Giaccari, A. N. Kvashnin, P. Picozza, Riccardo Munini, Ritabrata Sarkar, Andrea Vacchi, P. Spillantini, Y. T. Yurkin, M. D. Kheymits, V. G. Zverev, L. Marcelli, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Laura Rossetto, V. Di Felice, E. Mocchiutti, V. Bonvicini, S.Yu. Krut‘kov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Matteo Martucci, Juan Wu, Y. I. Stozhkov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, C. Pizzolotto, A. G. Mayorov, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, Marco Ricci, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, F. Cafagna, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, C. De Santis, G. I. Vasilyev, N. N. Nikonov, Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Pascale, M. P., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Giaccari, U., Karelin, A. V., Kheymits, M. D., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, Riccardo, Nikonov, N., Osteria, G., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Piccozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Rossetto, L., Sarkar, R., Simon, M., Sparsoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Wu, J., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., O. b., Adriani, Barbarino, Giancarlo, G., Bazilevskaya, R. g., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E., Bogomolov, M. b., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A. g., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, R. h., Carbone, P. k., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, M. n., De, C. n., De, N. D., Simone, V. D., Felice, V. o., Formato, A., Galper, U., Giaccari, A., Karelin, M., Kheymit, S., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S., Krut'Kov, A., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M. q., Martucci, A., Mayorov, W., Menn, V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A. g., Monaco, N. b., Mori, R. j. k, N. l. n, Osteria, Giuseppe, P., Papini, M. k., Pearce, P. n., Picozza, C. s., T., M., Ricci, S. m., Ricciarini, L. k., Rossetto, R., Sarkar, M., Simon, R. n., Sparvoli, P. b., Spillantini, Y., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G., Vasilyev, S., Voronov, J. k., U., Y., Yurkin, G., Zampa, N., Zampa, and V., Zverev
Subjects: Light nucleus, Antimatter, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Particle detectors, Cosmic rays, Earth's magnetosphere, Heliosphere, Physics and Astronomy (all), Computer Science::Robotics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Payload, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Physics::Space Physics, Earth’s magnetosphere, Satellite, Particle detector
Abstract: On the 15th of June 2006, the PAMELA (Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics) satellite-borne experiment was launched onboard the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite by a Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur space centre. The satellite was placed in a quasi-polar 70°inclination orbit at an altitude varying between 350 km and 600 km.New results on the antiparticle component of the cosmic radiation were obtained. The positron energy spectrum and positron fraction were measured from 400 MeV up to 200 GeV revealing a positron excess over the predictions of commonly used propagation models. This can be interpreted either as evidence that the propagation models should be revised or in terms of dark matter annihilation or a pulsar contribution. The antiproton spectrum was measured over the energy range from 60 MeV to 350 GeV. The antiproton spectrum is consistent with secondary production and significantly constrains dark matter models.The energy spectra of protons and helium nuclei were measured up to 1.2 TV. The spectral shapes of these two species are different and cannot be described well by a single power law. For the first time the electron spectrum was measured up to 600 GeV complementing the information obtained from the positron data. Nuclear and isotopic composition was obtained with unprecedented precision.The variation of the low energy proton, electron and positron energy spectra was measured from July 2006 until December 2009 accurately sampling the unusual conditions of the most recent solar minimum activity period (2006-2009). Low energy particle spectra were accurately measured also for various solar events that occurred during the PAMELA mission.The Earth's magnetosphere was studied measuring the particle radiation in different regions of the magnetosphere. Energy spectra and composition of sub-cutoff and trapped particles were obtained. For the first time a belt of trapped antiprotons was detected in the South Atlantic Anomaly region. The flux was found to exceed that for galactic cosmic-ray antiprotons by three order of magnitude. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Published: 2014

43. Measurement of hydrogen and helium isotopes flux in galactic cosmic rays with the PAMELA experiment

Author: Alfonso Monaco, P. Spillantini, M. Merge, R. Carbone, Mirko Boezio, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, D. Campana, A. G. Mayorov, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, F. Cafagna, V. Di Felice, N. De Simone, M. Simon, G. Castellini, Marco Casolino, A. A. Leonov, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, S. A. Voronov, A. Bruno, Roberta Sparvoli, Sergey Koldashov, V. Bonvicini, Ritabrata Sarkar, Matteo Martucci, E. A. Bogomolov, Y. I. Stozhkov, S. Bottai, Riccardo Munini, Roberto Bellotti, V. V. Malakhov, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, A. M. Galper, C. De Donato, P. Papini, A. N. Kvashnin, E. Vannuccini, V. G. Zverev, P. Picozza, G. Zampa, Marco Ricci, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, M. Bongi, Valerio Formato, A. V. Karelin, O. Adriani, Y. Krutkov, W. Menn, E. Mocchiutti, C. Pizzolotto, Y. T. Yurkin, G. I. Vasilyev, C. De Santis, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, M. P. De Pascale, F. Palma, Valentina Scotti, Formato, V. p., Adriani, O. b., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G., Bellotti, R. g., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E., Bongi, M. b., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P. k., Casolino, M. m., Castellini, G., C. k., L, M. o., De, C. o., De, Simone, N. D., Felice, V. D., Galper, A., Karelin, A., Koldashov, S., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, Y., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M. r., Mayorov, A., Menn, W., Merg��, M. o., Mikhailov, V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R. p., Osteria, Giuseppe, Palma, F. o., Papini, P., Pearce, M. k., Picozza, P. o., Pizzolotto, C. u., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S., Sarkar, R., Simon, M., Scotti, V. d., Sparvoli, R. o., Spillantini, P. b., Stozhkov, Y., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S., Yurkin, Y., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V., Formato, V., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., De Donato, C., De Pascale, M. P., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Kvashnin, A. N., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Munini, Riccardo, Osteria, G., Palma, F., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricciarini, S. B., Scotti, V., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Hydrogen, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Cosmic ray propagation, Isotopes, PAMELA, Instrumentation, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, law.invention, law, Isotopes of helium, Physics, Cosmic ray measurement, Isotopes, PAMELA detector, Cosmic ray propagation, Galactic cosmic rays, Helium isotopes, Magnet spectrometers, PAMELA, Propagation models, Satellite-borne experiment, Time-of-flight system, Detector, Astronomy, Cosmic rays, Experiments, Galaxies, Isotopes, Rigidity, chemistry, Antimatter, Physics::Space Physics, Satellite
Abstract: PAMELA is a satellite borne experiment designed to study with great accuracy cosmic rays of galactic, solar, and trapped nature, with particular focus on the antimatter component. The detector consists of a permanent magnet spectrometer core to provide rigidity and charge sign information, a Time-of-Flight system for velocity and charge information, a Silicon-Tungsten calorimeter and a Neutron detector for lepton/hadron identification. The velocity and rigidity information allow the identification of different isotopes for Z=1 and Z=2 particles in the energy range 100 MeV/n to 1 GeV/n. In this work we will present the PAMELA results on the H and He isotope fluxes based on the data collected during the 23rd solar minimum from 2006 to 2007. Such fluxes carry relevant information helpful in constraining parameters in galactic cosmic rays propagation models complementary to those obtained from other secondary to primary measurements such as the boron-to-carbon ratio. �� 2013 Elsevier B.V.
Published: 2014

44. Study of deuteron spectra under radiation belt with PAMELA instrument

Author: S. A. Voronov, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, Valerio Formato, Roberta Sparvoli, E. A. Bogomolov, P. Spillantini, S. Y. Krutkov, P. Picozza, A. A. Kvashnin, Mirko Boezio, N. De Simone, Nicola Mori, D. Campana, G. Castellini, A. G. Mayorov, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, Alexey Leonov, Yu. T. Yurkin, C. De Santis, Per Carlson, Marco Casolino, C. De Donato, Ritabrata Sarkar, S. Bottai, O. Adriani, V. Di Felice, F. Palma, Roberto Bellotti, Riccardo Munini, W. Menn, A. M. Galper, Sergey Koldashov, G. Zampa, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Beatrice Panico, A. N. Kvashnin, Maria Teresa Ricci, Sergey Koldobskiy, M. Bongi, V. V. Malakhov, G. C. Barbarino, G. I. Vasilyev, Valentina Scotti, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Alfonso Monaco, M. Simon, A. V. Karelin, G. Osteria, M. Merge, Matteo Martucci, F. Cafagna, V. V. Mikhailov, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, E. Mocchiutti, Koldobskiy, S. A, Adriani, O, Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G. A, Bellotti, R, Boezio, M, Bogomolov, E. A, Bongi, M, Bonvicini, V, Bottai, S, Bruno, A, Cafagna, F, Campana, D, Carlson, P, Casolino, M, Castellini, G, De Donato, C, De Santis, C, De Simone, N, Felice, V. Di, Formato, V, Galper, A. M, Karelin, A. V, Koldashov, S. V, Krutkov, S. Y, Kvashnin, A. A, Kvashnin, A. N, Leonov, A. A, Malakhov, V. V, Marcelli, L, Martucci, M, Mayorov, A. G, Menn, W, Merge’, M, Mikhailov, V. V, Mocchiutti, E, Monaco, A, Mori, N, Munini, R, Osteria, G, Palma, F, Panico, B, Papini, P, Pearce, M, Picozza, P, Ricci, M, Ricciarini, S. B, Sarkar, R, Scotti, V, Simon, M, Sparvoli, R, Spillantini, P, Stozhkov, Y. I, Vacchi, A, Vannuccini, E, Vasilyev, G. I, Voronov, S. A, Yurkin, Y. T, Zampa, G, Zampa, N., S., Koldobskiy, O., Adriani, G. C., Barbarino, G. A., Bazilevskaya, R., Bellotti, M., Boezio, E. A., Bogomolov, M., Bongi, V., Bonvicini, S., Bottai, A., Bruno, F., Cafagna, D., Campana, P., Carlson, M., Casolino, G., Castellini, C., De Donato, C., De Santi, N., De Simone, V., Di Felice, V., Formato, A. M., Galper, A. V., Karelin, S. V., Koldashov, S. Y., Krutkov, A. A., Kvashnin, A. N., Kvashnin, A., Leonov, V., Malakhov, L., Marcelli, M., Martucci, A. G., Mayorov, W., Menn, M., Mergé, V. V., Mikhailov, E., Mocchiutti, A., Monaco, N., Mori, Munini, Riccardo, G., Osteria, F., Palma, B., Panico, P., Papini, M., Pearce, P., Picozza, M., Ricci, S. B., Ricciarini, R., Sarkar, V., Scotti, M., Simon, R., Sparvoli, P., Spillantini, Y. I., Stozhkov, A., Vacchi, E., Vannuccini, G. I., Vasilyev, S. A., Voronov, Y. T., Yurkin, G., Zampa, and N., Zampa
Subjects: deuteron, History, Proton, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, Cosmology, Deuterium, Geomagnetism, Radiation belts, Solar radiation Cosmic-ray particles, Energy ranges, High-precision, Measurements of, Proton flux, Wide energy range, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, radiation belt, Radiation, Spectral line, Education, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), symbols.namesake, cosmic rays, PAMELA, law, PAMELA, cosmic rays, deuteron, radiation belt, Nuclear Experiment, Settore FIS/01, Physics, PAMELA detector, Albedo, Computer Science Applications, Van Allen radiation belt, Physics::Space Physics, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, symbols, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: This paper presents the results of measurements of proton and deuteron fluxes of albedo radiation in the Earth vicinity, obtained in the PAMELA experiment. PAMELA is an international experiment meant to study cosmic rays. PAMELA is carried out on board the satellite Resurs-DK1. High-precision equipment of the experiment allows registration and identification of cosmic ray particles of different varieties in a wide energy range. The albedo deuteron spectrum and albedo deuteron-to-proton fluxes ratio in the energy range 70 – 600 MeV/nucleon at altitude of 350 – 600 km for different geomagnetic latitudes is presented.
Published: 2015

45. PAMELA mission: heralding a new era in cosmic ray physics

Author: Valentina Scotti, Valerio Formato, Mirko Boezio, V. G. Zverev, E. Mocchiutti, F. Palma, C. De Donato, O. Adriani, W. Menn, Per Carlson, Alfonso Monaco, A. G. Mayorov, A. V. Karelin, M. Merge, Roberta Sparvoli, G. Castellini, M. Bongi, G. I. Vasilyev, V. V. Malakhov, Riccardo Munini, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, L. Marcelli, C. De Santis, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, G. Osteria, C. Pizzolotto, M. Simon, A. A. Leonov, P. Papini, S. A. Voronov, A. Vacchi, A. Bruno, Matteo Martucci, E. Vannuccini, M. P. De Pascale, Ritabrata Sarkar, E. A. Bogomolov, S. Yu. Krutkov, S. Bottai, Roberto Bellotti, N. De Simone, Nicola Mori, A. M. Galper, R. Carbone, A. N. Kvashnin, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, Y. T. Yurkin, Maria Teresa Ricci, F. Cafagna, M. D. Kheymits, N. Zampa, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. V. Mikhailov, V. Di Felice, V. Bonvicini, Y. I. Stozhkov, P. Picozza, P. Spillantini, Sergey Koldashov, D. Campana, Marco Casolino, Ricciarini, S. B., Ariani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Donato, C., De Pascale, M. P., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., De Felice, V., Di Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Kheymits, M. D, Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, Riccardo, Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Pizzolotto, C., Ricci, M., Sarkar, R., Simon, M., Scotti, V., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., Zverev, V. G., Ricciarini, S., Adriani, O. b., Barbarino, Giancarlo, Bazilevskaya, G., Bellotti, R. g., Bogomolov, E., Bongi, M. b., Bruno, A. g., Casolino, M. l., Donato, C. D., M. n., De, C. n., De, Simone, N. D., Felice, V. D., Formato, V. o., Galper, A., Karelin, A., Kheymits, M., Koldashov, S., Krutkov, S., Kvashnin, A., Martucci, M. q., Mayorov, A., Merg??????, M. n., Mikhailov, V., Munini, R. o., Osteria, Giuseppe, Palma, F. n., Picozza, P. n., C. s., T, Scotti, V. d., Sparvoli, R. n., Spillantini, P. b., Stozhkov, Y., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S., Yurkin, Y., and Zverev, V.
Subjects: Antimatter, QC1-999, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, space experiment, Dark matter, Particle detectors, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Earth's magnetosphere, Settore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e Subnucleare, Physics and Astronomy (all), Heliosphere, symbols.namesake, PAMELA, PAMELA, space experiment, cosmic rays, antimatter, darkmatter, Cosmic rays, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, darkmatter, Astronomy, Galaxy, Antiproton, Van Allen radiation belt, Physics::Space Physics, symbols
Abstract: After seven years of data taking in space, the experiment PAMELA is showing very interesting features in cosmic rays, namely in the fluxes of protons, helium, electrons, that might change our basic vision of the mechanisms of production, acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays in the galaxy. In addition, PAMELA measurements of cosmic antiproton and positron fluxes are setting strong constraints to the nature of Dark Matter. The continuous particle detection is allowing a constant monitoring of the solar activity and detailed study of the solar modulation for a long period, giving important improvements to the comprehension of the heliosphere mechanisms. PAMELA is also measuring the radiation environment around the Earth, and has recently discovered an antiproton radiation belt. ?????? Owned by the authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2014.
Published: 2014

46. The PAMELA experiment: A cosmic ray experiment deep inside the heliosphere

Author: P. Spillantini, R. Sparvoli, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, V. V. Mikhailov, P. Carlson, Alexey Leonov, V. Di Felice, S. Y. Krutkov, E. Mocchiutti, Giovanni Bonvicini, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, P. Papini, S. Bottai, M. Simon, E. Vannuccini, Sergey Koldashov, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, G. A. Bazilevskaya, P. Picozza, V. V. Malakhov, O. Adriani, F. Cafagna, S. A. Voronov, Matteo Martucci, W. Menn, D. Campana, G. Castellini, Yu. T. Yurkin, A. N. Kvashnin, Massimo Bongi, Marco Casolino, M. Merge, A. V. Karelin, E. A. Bogomolov, N. Zampa, Maria Teresa Ricci, G. Osteria, André Monaco, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, A. G. Mayorov, Riccardo Munini, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, C. De Santis, Nicola Mori, G. I. Vasilyev, Mirko Boezio, Boezio, M., Munini, R., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bruno, A., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Settore FIS/01, Solar minimum, Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Magnetosphere, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Solar cycle 24, Galaxy, Charged particle, Physics::Space Physics, Particle radiation, Heliosphere
Abstract: It was the 15th of June of 2006 when the PAMELA satellite-borne experiment was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakstan. Then, for nearly ten years, PAMELA has been making high-precision measurements of the charged component of the cosmic radiation opening a new era of precision studies in cosmic rays and challenging our basic vision of the mechanisms of production, acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays in the galaxy and in the heliosphere. The study of the time dependence of the various components of the cosmic radiation from the unusual 23rd solar minimum through the maximum of solar cycle 24 clearly shows solar modulation effects as well as charge sign dependence. PAMELA measurement of the energy spectra during solar energetic particle events fills the existing energy gap between the highest energy particles measured in space and the ground-based domain. Finally, by sampling the particle radiation in different regions of the magnetosphere, PAMELA data provide a detailed study of the Earth~s magnetosphere. In this highlight paper, PAMELA main results as well as recent progress about solar and heliospheric physics with PAMELA will be presented.

47. Magnetospheric effects on high-energy solar particles during the 2012 May 17th event measured with the PAMELA experiment

Author: P. Spillantini, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, L. Marcelli, S. Bottai, A. Vacchi, G. Castellini, C. De Santis, V. Di Felice, N. Zampa, S. Y. Krutkov, A. M. Galper, G. I. Vasilyev, E. R. Christian, Ulisse Bravar, G. A. Bazilevskaya, P. Picozza, Matteo Martucci, James M. Ryan, V. Formato, V. V. Malakhov, Riccardo Munini, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, S. A. Voronov, C. De Donato, G. Zampa, Beatrice Panico, Ritabrata Sarkar, E. A. Bogomolov, André Monaco, Valentina Scotti, M. Bongi, A. Leonov, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, Mirko Boezio, Nicola Mori, A. G. Mayorov, M. A. Lee, Y. T. Yurkin, Roberto Bellotti, F. Palma, O. Adriani, W. Menn, A. N. Kvashnin, N. Thakur, A. V. Karelin, D. Campana, G. Osteria, M. Merge, N. De Simone, Marco Casolino, S. J. Stochaj, R. Sparvoli, G. A. de Nolfo, M. Simon, Maria Teresa Ricci, V. V. Mikhailov, Per Carlson, E. Mocchiutti, F. Cafagna, S. V. Koldashov, V. Bonvicini, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, Martucci, M., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Boezio, M., Bravar, U., Bruno, A., Christian, E. R., De Nolfo, G. A., Lee, M., Mergè, M., Mocchiutti, E., Munini, R., Ricci, M., Ryan, J. M., Stochaj, S., Thakur, N., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bellotti, R., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Donato, C., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricciarini, S. B., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Acceleration, High energy, Multidisciplinary, Solar energetic particles, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Particle, Event (particle physics)
Abstract: The great challenge in constraining scenarios for solar energetic particle (SEP) acceleration is due to the fact that the signatures of acceleration itself are heavily modified by transport within interplanetary space. During transport, SEPs are subject to pitch angle scattering by the turbulent magnetic field, adiabatic focusing, or reflecting magnetic structures. Ground Level Enhancements (GLEs) provide an ideal way to study acceleration with minimal transport. In this work, we present a unique high-energy SEP observation from PAMELA of the 2012 May 17 GLE and interpret the observed pitch angle distributions as a result of local scattering (1 AU) by the Earth's magnetosheath.

48. Solar energetic particle events: Trajectory analysis and flux reconstruction with PAMELA

Author: N. Zampa, S. Bottai, S. Y. Krutkov, Giancarlo Barbarino, S. A. Voronov, W. Menn, F. Palma, Alexey Leonov, A. V. Karelin, Paolo Papini, M. Merge, Ritabrata Sarkar, V. Scotti, James M. Ryan, M. A. Lee, Sergey Koldobskiy, E. Vannuccini, E. A. Bogomolov, Valerio Formato, Michal Simon, A. G. Mayorov, O. Adriani, R. Munini, N. De Simone, S. B. Ricciarini, Mirko Boezio, Roberta Sparvoli, G. A. de Nolfo, U. Bravar, L. Marcelli, Massimo Bongi, E. Mocchiutti, V. V. Malakhov, G. Castellini, G. A. Bazilevskaya, V. V. Mikhailov, Yuri Stozhkov, V. Bonvicini, Yu. T. Yurkin, Mark Pearce, D. Campana, Steven Stochaj, Andrea Vacchi, Per Carlson, F. Cafagna, P. Picozza, A. Bruno, Marco Ricci, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, E. C. Christian, A. N. Kvashnin, V. Di Felice, C. De Donato, Piero Spillantini, Alfonso Monaco, G. Vasilyev, M. Martucci, V. G. Zverev, G. Osteria, Nicola Mori, Marco Casolino, C. De Santis, Sergey Koldashov, R. Carbone, B. Panico, Gianluigi Zampa, Bruno, A., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Bottai, S., Bravar, U., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carbone, R., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. C., De Donato, C., De Nolfo, G. A., De Santis, C., De Simone, N., Di Felice, V., Formato, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Lee, M., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Martucci, M., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mergè, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Palma, F., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Ryan, J. M., Sarkar, R., Scotti, V., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G. I., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., Zampa, N., and Zverev, V. G.
Subjects: Physics, Bridging (networking), Multidisciplinary, Solar energetic particles, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Space (mathematics), Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Computational physics, Physics - Space Physics, Physics::Space Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Particle, Satellite, Trajectory analysis, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: The PAMELA satellite experiment is providing first direct measurements of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) with energies from about 80 MeV to several GeV in near-Earth space, bridging the low energy data by other space-based instruments and the Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) data by the worldwide network of neutron monitors. Its unique observational capabilities include the possibility of measuring the flux angular distribution and thus investigating possible anisotropies. This work reports the analysis methods developed to estimate the SEP energy spectra as a function of the particle pitch-angle with respect to the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) direction. The crucial ingredient is provided by an accurate simulation of the asymptotic exposition of the PAMELA apparatus, based on a realistic reconstruction of particle trajectories in the Earth's magnetosphere. As case study, the results for the May 17, 2012 event are presented., Comment: Conference: The 34th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2015), 30 July - 6 August, 2015, The Hague, The Netherlands, Volume: PoS(ICRC2015)085

49. Effect of the Jupiter magnetosphere on the cosmic ray protons measured with the PAMELA experiment

Author: Alfonso Monaco, Sergey Koldobskiy, Riccardo Munini, A. G. Mayorov, M. Merge, Andrea Vacchi, Guido Pizzella, Valeria Di Felice, Matteo Martucci, Gianluigi Zampa, F. Cafagna, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, V. V. Malakhov, E. Vannuccini, N. Zampa, Paolo Papini, Sergey Koldashov, Nicola Mori, V. V. Mikhailov, Roberta Sparvoli, G. Vasilyev, Y. I. Stozhkov, Y. T. Yurkin, L. Marcelli, Giancarlo Barbarino, Giuseppe Osteria, D. Campana, E. Mocchiutti, G. A. Bazilevskaya, S. A. Voronov, Marco Casolino, E. A. Bogomolov, O. Adriani, M. Simon, Alexey Leonov, Maria Teresa Ricci, A. Bruno, P. Spillantini, Piergiorgio Picozza, G. Castellini, S. Y. Krutkov, Giovanni Bonvicini, Cristian de Santis, Mirko Boezio, Roberto Bellotti, A. M. Galper, A. N. Kvashnin, A. V. Karelin, Per Carlson, Nadir Marcelli, Massimo Bongi, Beatrice Panico, Ricci, M., Pizzella, G., Martucci, M., Bruno, A., Di Felice, V., Marcelli, N., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., De Santis, C., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Merge, M., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricciarini, S. B., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Settore FIS/01, Physics, Acceleration, Physics::Space Physics, Magnetosphere, Particle, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Magnetosphere of Jupiter, Jovian, Charged particle, Magnetic field
Abstract: The very intense Jovian magnetic field produces a magnetosphere where high-energy charged particles are trapped, allowing the possibility for acceleration mechanism that could inject those particles in the open space. In the last decades, accelerated electrons from the Jupiter magnetosphere have been detected and studied in the interplanetary space.This work investigated whether the proton data obtained by the PAMELA space-borne detector between July 9th, 2006 to August 31th, 2014 shows signatures that arise from Jupiter. In this proceeding the basis of the analysis of cosmic ray protons by PAMELA are described and results will be shown at the conference.

50. PAMELA measurements of solar energetic particle spectra

Author: Riccardo Munini, E. Mocchiutti, L. Marcelli, A. Vacchi, S. A. Voronov, E. A. Bogomolov, Roberto Bellotti, Nicola Mori, G. Zampa, S. Y. Krutkov, Beatrice Panico, Yu. T. Yurkin, A. M. Galper, G. A. Bazilevskaya, C. De Santis, Sergey Koldashov, E. R. Christian, V. Bonvicini, M. Merge, P. Picozza, V. V. Mikhailov, G. Castellini, A. Bruno, Y. I. Stozhkov, Mirko Boezio, P. Spillantini, N. Zampa, James M. Ryan, A. V. Karelin, D. Campana, Ian G. Richardson, Sergey Koldobskiy, G. C. Barbarino, M. Bongi, F. Cafagna, André Monaco, V. V. Malakhov, Marco Casolino, R. Sparvoli, S. J. Stochaj, G. Osteria, Per Carlson, G. I. Vasilyev, G. A. de Nolfo, Alexey Leonov, O. Adriani, W. Menn, A. N. Kvashnin, V. Di Felice, Mark Pearce, S. B. Ricciarini, Maria Teresa Ricci, P. Papini, E. Vannuccini, A. G. Mayorov, M. Simon, N. Marcelli, C. De Donato, Matteo Martucci, Merge, M., Bruno, A., Martucci, M., Adriani, O., Barbarino, G. C., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Bellotti, R., Boezio, M., Bogomolov, E. A., Bongi, M., Bonvicini, V., Cafagna, F., Campana, D., Carlson, P., Casolino, M., Castellini, G., Christian, E. R., De Santis, C., De Donato, C., De Nolfo, G. A., Di Felice, V., Galper, A. M., Karelin, A. V., Koldashov, S. V., Koldobskiy, S., Krutkov, S. Y., Kvashnin, A. N., Leonov, A., Malakhov, V., Marcelli, L., Marcelli, N., Mayorov, A. G., Menn, W., Mikhailov, V. V., Mocchiutti, E., Monaco, A., Mori, N., Munini, R., Osteria, G., Panico, B., Papini, P., Pearce, M., Picozza, P., Ricci, M., Ricciarini, S. B., Richardson, I., Ryan, J. M., Simon, M., Sparvoli, R., Spillantini, P., Stochaj, S., Stozhkov, Y. I., Vacchi, A., Vannuccini, E., Vasilyev, G., Voronov, S. A., Yurkin, Y. T., Zampa, G., and Zampa, N.
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Settore FIS/01, Acceleration, Physics::Space Physics, Particle, Spectral line, Charged particle
Abstract: The charged particle acceleration and transport during solar events have been widely studied in the past decades. The satellite-borne PAMELA experiment has been continuously collecting data since 2006. The apparatus is designed to study charged particles in the cosmic radiation. The combination of permanent magnet, silicon micro-strip spectrometer and silicon-tungsten imaging calorimeter, with the redundancy of instrumentation allows very precise studies on the physics of cosmic rays in a wide energy range and with high statistics. This makes PAMELA a well suited instrument for Solar Energetic Particles (SEP) observations. Not only it spans the energy range between the ground-based neutron monitor data and the observations of SEPs from space, but also PAMELA carries out the first direct measurements of SEP energy spectra, composition and angular distribution. PAMELA has observed many SEP events in solar cycle 24, offering unique opportunity to address several questions on high-energy SEP origin. A preliminary analysis on proton spectra during several events of the 24th solar cycle is presented.

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50 results on '"Boezio, M."'

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