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Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:43:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-01-01 Background: Resistance training has proven to be an excellent method for counteracting aging physical dysfunctions. However, its application in the liquid environment is not yet fully elucidated. Aim: To investigate the effects of water-based resistance training (WBRT) with the concentric phase performed as fast as possible, compared to conventional resistance training (CRT), on physical functional capacity, muscle strength, and body composition in older women. Methods: Thirteen healthy older women participated in the WBRT and 11 in the CRT. Estimation statistics focused on the effect size of the experiment/intervention were used. We also analyzed the intervention effect based on the percentage delta between WBRT and CRT. Results: The WBRT group showed a negative large effect (d = − 0.922; p = 0.0274) for the timed up and go, and a large effect for chair rise in 30″ and the elbow flex test (d = 1.58; p = 0.0012; d = 2.8; p = 0.01) respectively. Intervention comparisons based on the delta percentage between WBRT and CRT presented an intermediate effect (d = 0.606; p = 0.157) for the stair climb, a large effect (d = 0.988; p = 0.0282) for the timed up and go, and a large negative effect [d = − 1.32 (90.0% CI − 1.92, − 0.646); p = 0.0038] for the elbow flex test. Concentric extensor-flexor peak torque (60°/s) showed an intermediate effect (d = 0.749; p = 0.0876; d = 0.65; p = 0.122 respectively). Body fat (%) demonstrated an intermediate effect (d = 0.523; p = 0.234). Conclusion: WBRT with the concentric phase performed as fast as possible was able to improve physical functional capacity and maximal knee extension strength of older women. Laboratório de Estudo do Desempenho Humano Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Av. Gen. Rodrigo Otávio. 5614, Coroado Programa de Pós Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências do Movimento Humano Faculdade de Educação Física e Fisioterapia Universidade Federal do Amazonas Projeto de Extensão Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade Universidade Federal do Amazonas Centro de Estudo e Laboratório de Avaliação e Prescrição de Atividade Motora Universidade Estadual Paulista Centro de Estudo e Laboratório de Avaliação e Prescrição de Atividade Motora Universidade Estadual Paulista

This study determined the effectiveness of a 3-month group-based multicomponent exercise program in the mobility, balance confidence, and muscle performance of older adults. A total of 40 participants (mean age=70.60±6.25 years completed pre- and posttest clinical intervention measures of mobility using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, balance confidence using the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale, upper limb strength (handgrip dynamometer), and lower limb function (30-sec chair rise test). Data were analyzed using paired t-test and based on TUG criteria for risk of fall (low- and high-risk groups). Significant improvements were found in all measures (All P0.05). The low-risk group showed a higher improvement in mobility (14.87% vs. 11.74%), balance confidence (34.21% vs. 26.08%), and lower limb function (96.87% vs. 21.20%) but was not significantly different from the high-risk group (P>0.05). A group-based multicomponent exercise program benefited the physical functions of older adults at low- or high risk of falls.

Fall risk is an acknowledged but relatively understudied concern for older patients undergoing shoulder surgery. The cause is multifactorial, and it includes advanced age, impaired upper extremity function, use of shoulder abduction braces, and postoperative use of opioid medications. No previous study has examined preoperative fall risk in patients undergoing elective shoulder surgery. Previous literature looking at fall risk in elective orthopedic procedures has predominantly focused on falls occurring in the hospital setting, although falls have also been shown to occur in the outpatient setting. Gait speed and Timed Up and Go (TUG) are well-researched functional measures in the aging population with established cutoff scores indicating increased fall risk. The purpose of this study was to quantify gait speed and TUG scores in a series of patients who were scheduled to undergo either rotator cuff repair (RCR) or total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) in order to assess overall risk of fall in these populations.A total of 198 patients scheduled for TSA or RCR surgery were evaluated preoperatively from multiple outpatient physical therapy clinics within Greenville, South Carolina. The TUG score (14 seconds considered high fall risk) and 10 Meter Walk test (0.7 m/s considered high risk for falls) were recorded for each patient. Patient-reported outcomes were also collected, including Veteran's Rand 12 Physical Component and Mental Component Scores, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form score, and the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation.Patients undergoing TSA (n = 80; 65.4 ± 11.4 years) were older than those undergoing RCR (n = 118; 59.0 ± 14.2 years). Fifty-nine percent of all patients were classified as being a high risk for falls based on gait speed0.7 m/s. Patients in the TSA group were more likely to display preoperative fall risk compared to patients in the RCR group (62% vs. 38%; χBoth patient groups demonstrated a high rate of fall risk in preoperative evaluation. Patients undergoing TSA more often displayed fall risk compared with patients undergoing RCR. Although patients in the TSA group were older, there was no association between age or ambulatory status and fall risk.Our results suggest that fall risk screening may be important for patients undergoing TSA and RCR surgeries. The higher fall risk in the TSA group may be an important consideration as this procedure shifts toward outpatient status.

Falls are increasing prevalent in the elderly but little data has been reported on the effect of previous life experience on balance ability. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to determine whether participants with historically highly developed postural control (retired dancers) provided protection after activity had stopped by comparing their balance abilities with age-matched sedentary counterparts. Ten retired dancers [RD] 65 ± 7.36yrs and 10 sedentary controls[C] 66 ± 5.66yrs carried out a series of balance tests in a laboratory setting in a set order: Romberg, Functional Reach, Timed Up and Go, Berg and Tinetti. The RD group performed significantly better solely in the static balance tests (Romberg and Berg Balance) (p

Objective: To evaluate physical performance measures of mobility and functional impairments and assess their association with urinary incontinence (UI) severity and impact on quality of life among older women with UI. Methods: In a cross-sectional pilot study, 20 women aged ≥ 70 years with UI completed UI questionnaires (Global Impression of Severity, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7)) and functional status evaluation. Functional status evaluation included the Modified Physical Performance Test (MPPT; range 0–36), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB; range 0–12), and other physical performance measures (e.g., Timed Up and Go [TUG]). MPPT and SPPB scores 0.05) with UI measures. Conclusions: Mobility and functional impairments are common among older women with UI. Associations between MPPT score, TUG performance with UI impact on quality of life suggest these physical performance measures could be markers of mobility and functional impairments in future research on UI in older women., Brief Summary: Further research in utility of physical performance measures as markers of mobility and functional impairments in older women with urinary incontinence is warranted.

To review and systematically summarize the psychometric and clinical properties (reliability, validity, responsiveness) of the Timed Up and Go test applied to persons diagnosed with Parkinson disease. A systematic review was performed by screening four scientific databases (MED-LINE, CINAHL, and PubMed). Independent reviewers selected and ex-tracted data from articles that assessed the reliability, validity, sensitivity to change, and/or clinical properties of the Timed Up and Go test in per-sons with Parkinson disease. Twenty-four studies were selected. Nine analyzed reliability and yielded “good” to “moderate” scores. Seven-teen used a range of different contrast tests to assess validity of the Timed Up and Go test and found “good” quality scores in those that as-sessed balance. Only two studies analyzed sensitivity to change and they reported “poor” quality scores. The use of Timed Up and Go in Parkinson disease patients presents good reliability and validity (when compared to tests that assess balance).

Objectives: To evaluate whether a fall prevention intervention reduces fall risk in older adults who have previously fallen. Design: Randomized controlled pilot trial. Setting: Participants’ homes. Intervention: LIVE-LiFE, adapted from Lifestyle-Intervention Functional Exercise (LiFE) integrates strength and balance training into daily habits in eight visits over 12 weeks. The adaptations to LiFE were to also provide (a) US$500 in home safety changes, (b) vision contrast screening and referral, and (c) medication recommendations. Control condition consisted of fall prevention materials and individualized fall risk summary. Measurement: Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Tandem stand. Falls efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of the intervention. Results: Sample ( N = 37) was 65% female, 65% White, and average 77 years. Compared with the control group, each outcome improved in the intervention. The LIVE-LiFE intervention had a large effect (1.1) for tandem stand, moderate (0.5) in falls efficacy, and small (0.1) in the TUG. Conclusion: Simultaneously addressing preventable fall risk factors is feasible.

Introdução - Um dos principais fatores que limitam as atividades do cotidiano do indivíduo idoso é a alteração do equilíbrio corporal, pois ocasiona medo de quedas, inatividade e perdas funcionais importantes. Objetivo - avaliar retrospectivamente, durante 36 meses, o equilíbrio corporal de indivíduos idosos praticantes de atividades física. Métodos - A pesquisa foi realizada através de consulta a prontuários de pacientes idosos, com idade mínima de 60 anos, que se submeteram a avaliação do equilíbrio corporal nos últimos três anos no Centro de Especialidades João da Luz, no município de São Lourenço da Serra desde 2011 e que participaram do programa de exercício físico do mesmo centro. Os pacientes realizaram, anualmente, uma avaliação completa do equilíbrio corporal por meio dos seguintes testes: Escala de BERG, Teste Timed UP and GO (TUG), Desempenho Orientado de Poma, Teste de Lawton e Short Physical Performance Battery. Resultado - Nos 82 pacientes avaliados o equilíbrio foi significantemente melhor na avaliação após 36 meses em relação à avaliação basal para o grupo de idosos que realizava caminhada; entre os pacientes com hipertensão e diabetes não foi encontrada diferença real nos testes de equilíbrio ao longo do acompanhamento. Além disso, o equilíbrio de idosos que não praticaram atividade física diminuiu ao longo dos três anos. Conclusão - A inatividade física deteriora o equilíbrio dos idosos. Além disso, pode-se afirmar que doenças como hipertensão e diabetes não alteraram o equilíbrio dos indivíduos ao longo do acompanhamento.

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an additional close-kinetic-chain exercise program (CKC-PT), in conjunction with the standard physiotherapy intervention (TKA-PT), on the general health status, functionality, balance confidence, and postoperative falls of knee osteoarthritic patients who had undergone total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Patients and methods Thirty community-dwellers, aged >65 years, were randomized into equal groups. The Greek versions of the SF-36 version1.0 (SF-36v1.0-Gr), WOMAC® (WOMAC®-Gr), Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (ABC-Greek), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and Berg Balance Scale were assessed preoperatively and twice postoperatively (7th week and 12th month). Non-parametric (Mann-Whitney test) and parametric (two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) model and student t-test) analyses were used to compare the percentage changes in all variables. Results The CKC-PT group reported better (%) functional improvement (WOMAC®-Gr Physical­ Function subscale) and higher (%) balance confidence (ABS-Greek) at the seventh week and twelfth month as compared to TKA-PT (p

This study was a sub-analysis of 20 consecutive elderly participants who underwent outpatient rehabilitation at a geriatric health services facility from January 2020 to the end of May 2020, based on our previous report. This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal changes in their physical and psychological states with respect to gender in rehabilitation outpatients between the pre-nationwide (T1) and post-nationwide state of emergency (T2) caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Gait speed (GS), timed up and go (TUG), handgrip strength (HG), and maximum phonation time (MPT) were measured as indices of physical status. The Japanese version of the Apathy Scale and five-level EuroQoL five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) were used to assess the psychological state. Both states were measured in the male and female groups at T1 and T2 and then were compared. The final analysis was comprised of 13 outpatients. In males, the physical (GS, p = 0.463; TUG, p = 0.600; HG, p = 0.753; and MPT, p = 0.249) and psychological (Apathy Scale, p = 0.891 and EQ-5D-5L, p = 0.249) states did not change significantly between T1 and T2. In the females, the physical (GS, p = 0.600; TUG, p = 0.735; HG, p = 1.000; and MPT, p = 0.310) and psychological (Apathy Scale, p = 0.588 and EQ-5D-5L, p = 0.176) states also did not show significant change between T1 and T2. In both sexes, the continuance of outpatient rehabilitation might be recommended as one activity that can maintain physical and psychological states during a COVID-19-related state of emergency.

Globally and in Nepal, 28–35% of older adults experience fall-related injuries annually. The ‘Timed Up and Go’ (TUG) test is a valid measure to assess risk of falls when administered by health prof...

Background: Hip fractures are common in the elderly and many patients fail to regain prefracture hip abductor strength or functional status. The purpose of this clinical trial was to compare the effects of an intensive abductor muscle exercise program versus a standard physiotherapy intervention in hip-fractured patients. Materials and Methods: Ninety six femoral neck-fractured patients were randomized into equal-sized groups. A 12-week standard physiotherapy program was implemented in the control group(S-PT) whereas an intensive exercise program, emphasizing on abductors’ strengthening, was implemented in the research group(I-PT). Abductors’ isometric strength of the fractured hip, abductor ratio% in the fractured compared to contralateral hip, and functional level were assessed at the 3rd (postintervention) and 6th (followup) months. Results: Postintervention, abductors’ isometric strength was 35.7% greater (P < 0.0005) and abductor ratio% was 2.5% higher (P < 0.0005) in I-PT group, compared to S-PT group. With regard to functional assessments, I-PT group was 29.1% faster during Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and achieved a 26.7% higher Lower Extremity Functional Scale Greek version's (LEFS-Greek) total score, compared to S-PT group (P < 0.0005). At followup, abductors’ isometric strength was 37.0% greater (P < 0.0005) and abductor ratio% was 7.1% higher (P < 0.0005) in I-PT group, compared to S-PT group. In addition, I-PT group was 45.9% faster during TUG test (P < 0.0005) and achieved an 11.2% higher LEFS-Greek total score, compared to S-PT group (P = 0.013). Conclusions: Compared to the standard physiotherapy intervention, the intensive abductor-strengthening program significantly increased both abductors’ isometric strength of the fractured hip and abductor ratio% and resulted in patients’ enhanced functional level. Clinical Trial Identifier: ISRCTN30713542.

Background Drug Burden Index (DBI), a measure of exposure to medications with anticholinergic and sedative activity, has been associated with poorer physical function in older adults in the general population. While extensive study has been conducted on associations between DBI and physical function in older adults in the general population, little is known about associations in older adults with intellectual disabilities (ID). This is the first study which aims to examine the association between DBI score and its two sub-scores, anticholinergic and sedative burden, with two objective measures of physical performance, grip strength and timed up and go, and a measure of dependency, Barthel Index activities of daily living, in older adults with ID. Methods Data from Wave 2 (2013/2014) of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA) was analysed. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to detect associations and produce adjusted means for the physical function and dependency measures with respect to categorical DBI scores and the anticholinergic and sedative sub-scores (DBA and DBS). Results After adjusting for confounders (age, level of ID, history of falls, comorbidities and number of non-DBI medications, Down syndrome (grip strength only) and gender (timed up and go and Barthel Index)), neither grip strength nor timed up and go were significantly associated with DBI, DBA or DBS score > 0 (p > 0.05). Higher dependency in Barthel Index was associated with DBS exposure (p

INTRODUÇÃO: Episódios de quedas estão associados com redução da mobilidade e mortalidade e são mais comuns em idosos. O Timed up and Go (TUG) é um dos principais instrumentos para rastrear o risco de cair em idosos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação do teste TUG para autorrelato de quedas no último ano em idosos hospitalizados. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado em um hospital privado da cidade de Salvador/BA, no período de Agosto de 2013 a Janeiro de 2014. Foram incluídos indivíduos de ambos os sexos, a partir do 1º ao 5º dia de internação. A acurácia do teste foi calculada pela curva ROC (Receiver Operator Characteristic) e análise dos valores de sensibilidade e especificidade. Os resultados foram dispostos em média e desvio padrão ou valor absoluto e percentual. Foi considerado significativo um valor de p

Gait and balance impairment is common in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). Lipoic acid (LA), an over-the-counter antioxidant, is effective in MS animal models and may improve walking speed, but effects on mobility are unreported.Examine the effects of 1200 mg daily oral dose of LA versus placebo (PLA) on gait and balance in a 2-year, randomized, double-blind pilot study.134 participants were screened for eligibility before assignment to LA (n = 28) or PLA (n = 26). Included here were, 21 participants with SPMS who took LA (N = 11) or PLA (N = 10) capsules for 2 years (enrolled May 2, 2011 - August 14, 2015) and completed all tasks without the use of an assistive device. Participants completed the Timed Up and Go (TUG) and quiet standing tasks every 6 months while wearing inertial sensors (APDM Opals) to quantify mobility.LA had a medium effect on time to complete TUG at 2 years (g = 0.51; 95% CI = -0.35, 1.38). In a subset of 18 participants with less disability (EDSS 6, no use of ambulatory device), turning time was significantly shorter with LA (p = 0.048, Δ= 0.48 s). No differences in balance metrics were found between groups.LA had an effect on walking performance in people with SPMS, particularly in those with lower baseline disability.Lipoic Acid for Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01188811?term=spain+lipoic+acidrank=1 NCT0118881.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term effects of LSVT BIG® on the function of individuals with Parkinson's Disease (PD). METHODS Eighteen participants gave informed consent, and met the inclusion criteria. Time since diagnosis of PD ranged from .5 to 16 years (mean 4.5 years), time since discharge from 3-23 months (mean 6.5 months). Hoehn and Yahr scores were from 2 to 4. Subjects were posttested by blinded evaluators on the same 8 measures used at evaluation and discharge, the 6 Minute Walk (6WMT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), TUG-manual, TUG-cognitive, 10 Meter Walk(10MWT), 30 Second Sit to Stand (30 CST), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA). Test means were compared from evaluation to discharge, discharge to posttesting, and evaluation to posttest using repeated measures ANOVA with a Tukey correction, p value < .05. RESULTS The time between discharge and posttesting was not a confounding variable. Significant improvement in all measures were displayed from evaluation to discharge. No significant change was found from discharge to posttesting except for 6MWT. Significant improvements were noted when comparing initial evaluation to posttesting: TUG p = .001; TUG-manual p = .003; TUG-cognitive p = .001; 10MWT p

Research has demonstrated that some exercise programs are effective for reducing fall rates in community-dwelling older people, however, the literature is limited in providing clear recommendations of individual or group training as a result of economic evaluation. The objective of this study was to assess the cost-effectiveness of the Otago Exercise Program (OEP) for reducing the fall risk in healthy, non-institutionalized older people. An economic evaluation of a multicenter, blinded, randomized, non-inferiority clinical trial was performed on 498 patients aged over 65 in primary care. Participants were randomly allocated to the treatment or control arms, and group or individual training. The program was delivered in primary healthcare settings and comprised five initial sessions, ongoing encouragement and support to exercise at home, and a reinforcement session after six months. Our hypothesis was that the patients who received the intervention would achieve better health outcomes and therefore need lower healthcare resources during the follow-up, thus, lower healthcare costs. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, which used the timed up and go test results as an effective measure for preventing falls. The secondary outcomes included differently validated tools that assessed the fall risk. The cost per patient was USD 51.28 lower for the group than the individual sessions in the control group, and the fall risk was 10% lower when exercises had a group delivery. The OEP program delivered in a group manner was superior to the individual method. We observed slight differences in the incremental cost estimations when using different tools to assess the risk of fall, but all of them indicated the dominance of the intervention group. The OEP group sessions were more cost-effective than the individual sessions, and the fall risk was 10% lower.

A previous study reported that cancer survivors exhibit decreased postural stability compared to age-matched controls. Another study showed that cancer survivors have a lower quality of life (QOL) compared to healthy subjects, and there was a significant relationship between muscle strength and QOL in cancer survivors. We aimed to investigate differences in the associations between balance function and QOL in cancer survivors and healthy subjects. Forty-one cancer survivors and 33 healthy subjects were included. Balance function was evaluated using the timed up and go test, and body sway was tested using a force platform. QOL was assessed using the medical outcome study 36-item short-form health survey. Cancer survivors exhibited significantly higher timed up and go and lower QOL than that of healthy subjects (P

Introdução: O exercício físico é indicado como medida profilática no tratamento da osteoporose, diminuindo a perda da massa óssea, bem como, em alguns casos proporcionando sua remodelação. Objetivo: Analisar, através de uma revisão sistemática, as evidências científicas acerca dos efeitos do exercício físico na densidade mineral óssea de idosos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática da literatura, realizada nas bases de dados SciELO, BVS, PubMed, Web of Science através dos descritores controlados, Idoso, Exercício e Densidade Mineral Óssea, bem como suas traduções para o espanhol e inglês, de acordo com os DeCS e Mesh, publicados entre os anos de 2014 a 2019. Resultados: Levando-se em consideração o Protocolo de Exercícios, os testes mais aplicados foram, Raios X de Dupla Energia (DXA) com 66,66% seguindo pelos cálculos do índice de massa corporal (IMC) com 22,22%, além dos testes de caminhada, Clinical Falls Instrumento de avaliação de riscos (QuickScreen), Timed Up and Go (TUG), Teste de Alcance Funcional (FRT), 1 repetição máxima (RM), vibração vertical plataforma Fitvibe Excel Pro, todos com 11,12%. Vale a pena ressaltar que houve relação significativa entre o exercício físico e o incremento da DMO, nos estudos selecionados. Conclusão: De acordo com os resultados obtidos nessa revisão, podemos concluir que o exercício físico atua de forma significativa na profilaxia e tratamento da osteoporose.

Objective: To compare the results from the modified Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) with posturographic variables, the subjective perception of disability due to gait instability, and the number of falls in a sample of the elderly population with imbalance, to confirm that the TUG Test is a useful clinical instrument to assess the tendency to fall in individuals of this age group. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary university hospital, in 174 people aged 65 years or older with gait instability. Modified TUG Test was performed; time, step count and the need for support during the test were the analyzed variables. They were compared with the number of falls, Computerized Dynamic Posturography scores, and questionnaires scores (Dizziness Handicap Inventory and a shortened version of the Falls Efficacy Scale-International). Results: The average time to complete the TUG Test was 21.24 ± 8.18 s, and the average step count was 27.36 ± 7.93. One hundred two patients (58.6%) required no support to complete the test, whereas the other 72 (41.4%) used supports. The time taken to complete the Test was significantly related with having or not having fallen in the previous year, with the scores of the questionnaires, and with various parameters of dynamic posturography. A higher percentage of patients who took more than 15 s had fallen in the previous year than those who took up to 15 s to complete the test [P = 0.012; OR = 2.378; 95% CI (1.183, 4.780)]. No significant correlation was found between the step count and the number of falls in the previous year, with falling during the test or not, or with being a single or a frequent faller. No relation was found between the need for supports and the number of falls, with having or not having fallen in the previous year, or with being a single or frequent faller. Conclusion: The modified TUG Test is in relation with the presence or absence of falls. Time is the essential parameter for analyzing the risk of falling and the 15-s threshold is a good value to differentiate elderly patients at high risk of falling. Unique Identifier: NCT03034655, www.clinicaltrials.gov.

While there have been many studies determining the effectiveness of training programs to decrease fall risk in the elderly, most of them require special equipment, leader training, or major time commitments (more than 8 weeks, multiple times per week). Individuals older than 66 years old identified an exercise program offered at home, twice a week, lasting 10 or 30 minutes, and with no associated cost as being more attractive than other training program options offered (Franco et al., 2015). The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a simple six-week exercise program on fall risk factors. Thirty-eight older adults were assigned to a Training Group or a Control Group. Investigator-led balance and lower extremity strength exercises were performed twice a week. Mobility, leg strength and postural sway were measured before and after the six weeks for both groups. A survey determined perceptions of participant abilities and fear of falling at three different times. Timed Up and Go times decreased (p = .008), leg strength increased (p = .022), and postural sway decreased in the anteroposterior direction and overall, for the Training Group (p < .05) while the Control group displayed no differences. Surveys administered determined no differences for the Control group, but the Training Group perceived that they had better balance, mobility, and leg strength and a decreased fear of falling (p < .05). This simple training program led to changes that would likely decrease fall risk and did so in an extremely short time.

The authors investigated the effects of unstable strength training (UST) without or with cognitive training (C+UST) on functional performance in community-dwelling older adults. A total of 50 participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to either 24 weeks of thrice-weekly UST (n = 25) or C+UST (n = 25). All participants performed moderate-intensity strength exercises using unstable surfaces, and C+UST participants simultaneously received cognitive training in addition to UST. Primary outcomes included measures of functional performance: single- and dual-task timed up and go tests. Secondary outcomes included dynamic balance, mobility, handgrip strength, flexibility, quality of life, and concern about falling. The authors observed similar improvements on functional performance through the interventions. The C+UST group experienced additional gains at completion (single-task timed up and go: −0.90 s, 95% confidence interval [–2.38, –0.03]; dual-task timed up and go: –4.80 s, 95% confidence interval [–8.65, –0.95]) compared with the UST group. Moreover, significant differences were observed in mobility (sitting-rising test: −1.34, 95% confidence interval [−2.00, −0.20]) at 24 weeks. Both exercise modes improved single-task functional performance, while adding cognitive-training-optimized dual-task functional performance gains.

Background To analyse the reliability, variance and execution time of the Extended Timed Up and Go (Extended TUG) test in three age groups of elderly participants (G1: 55–64 years; G2: 65–74 years; G3: 75–85 years). Methods An analytical cross-sectional study of 114 recruited participants (63 women) of average age 70.17 (± 7.3) years was undertaken. Each participant performed the Extended TUG three consecutive times, with a rest break between tests of 120 s. Both the intragroup and intergroup reliability of the measurements in the Extended TUG were analysed. Results The reliability of the Extended TUG test is excellent for the first and second decades but drops down to good for the third decade. Specifically, intragroup reliability ranged from 0.784 for G3 to 0.977 for G1 (G2 = 0.858). Intergroup reliability, compared with intragroup reliability, was slightly lower, ranging between 0.779 for G3 and 0.972 for G1 (G2 = 0.853). Conclusion The reliability of the Extended TUG test progressively decreases with increasing age, being excellent for the younger age groups and good for the oldest age group.

Frequency falls in the elderly still a problem that often happens in Indonesiaespecially in the Village of Rumah Great Kec Biru-Biru Kabupaten Deli Serdang. High prevalence rates incident falls in the elderly, which makes researchers want to apply the TUG (Timed Up And Go) test through the amount of time provided and the ability of the elderly complete the test series with the time needed by the elderly themselves. This research aims to knowing Relationship of the TUG Test (Timed Up And Go) with Frequency of falls In the elderly in Rumah Great Kec Biru-Biru Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Where is this TUG test used for knowing balance and disruption of walking in the elderly. Data collection begins from March to June 2017 with a total of 64 respondent by using categorical analytic research and cross sectional approach as a sampling method. Research instrument used in the form of a demographic data questionnaire, a TUG (Timed Up And Go) test questionnaire and a Meter Meter. The results showed that the sign value was 0.002

INTRODUCTION: The Pilates Method is based on whole body movements, breathing, concentration, centering, precision and rhythm. It is not clear whether the practice of this activity is superior to maintain an active lifestyle. OBJECTIVE: To compare the body balance, mobility and respiratory muscle strength of elderly women practicing the Pilates Method and active elderly women. METHODS: An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out on 22 elderly women, including 11 Pilates Method Practitioners (PMP) and 11 Active Elderly (AE) women. Participants were classified by the Human Activity Profile (HAP) and evaluated by Timed up and Go (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and manovacuometry. RESULTS: The sample was 69.36 ± 9.49 years old. The TUG mean of the PMPs was 8.06 ± 4.29 seconds, and of the AE was 8.28 ± 2.82 (p> 0.05). In BBS, the mean of the PMP score was 54.63 ± 1.91 and the AE was 52.90 ± 4.01 (p> 0.05). Regarding the evaluation of respiratory muscle strength, there was also no significant difference between the groups, but there was a difference in AE when comparing the actual values (PiMax = 59.00 cmH2O and PeMax = 54.00 cmH2O), with the predictive values (PiMax = 77 , 12 cmH 2 O and Pemax = 74.18 cmH 2 O), with p

Purpose The aim of the study was to examine if the Timed Up and Go (TUG) Test would be a feasible, reproducible, and valid measure in patients post-coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Design Cross-sectional study, controls and patients post-CABG, outpatient clinic. Methods Participants performed the TUG Test and the 6-Minute Walking Distance (6MWD) Test. Reliability was measured within observer on two occasions. Findings Patients and controls were similar in age. The patients had greater TUG mean (SD) of 14.4 seconds (4.9 seconds) and lower 6MWD of 358 m (76 m) compared with TUG of 8.2 seconds (2.7 seconds) and 6MWD of 487 m (56 m) in controls. In patients, intraclass correlation for the TUG was .98 (95% CI [.96, .98]) between the measurements. In patients, there was a high correlation between the TUG Test and the 6MWD Test, r = -.70, p Conclusion The TUG Test demonstrated to be a feasible, reproducible, and valid measure in patients post-CABG. Clinical relevance The TUG Test could serve as a screening tool for physical performance in clinics.

Background Sufficient lower extremity muscle strength is necessary for performing functional tasks, and individuals with knee osteoarthritis demonstrate thigh muscle weakness compared to controls. It has been suggested that lower muscle strength is associated with a variety of clinical features including pain, mobility, and functional performance, yet these relationships have not been fully explored in patients with symptomatic meniscal tear in addition to knee osteoarthritis. Our purpose was to evaluate the associations of quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength with structural damage and clinical features in individuals with knee osteoarthritis and symptomatic meniscal tear. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the Meniscal Tear in Osteoarthritis Research (MeTeOR) trial. We assessed structural damage using Kellgren-Lawrence grade and the magnetic resonance imaging osteoarthritis knee score (MOAKS) for cartilage damage. We used the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score (KOOS) to evaluate pain, symptoms, and activities of daily living (ADL), and the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test to assess mobility. We assessed quadriceps and hamstrings strength using a hand-held dynamometer and classified each into quartiles (Q). We used Chi square tests to evaluate the association between strength and structural damage; and separate analysis of covariance models to establish the association between pain, symptoms, ADL and mobility with strength, after adjusting for demographic characteristics (age, sex and BMI) and structural damage. Results Two hundred fifty two participants were evaluated. For quadriceps strength, subjects in the strongest quartile scored 14 and 13 points higher on the KOOS Pain and ADL subscales, respectively, and completed the TUG two seconds faster than subjects in the weakest quartile. For hamstrings strength, subjects in the strongest quartile scored 13 and 14 points higher on the KOOS pain and ADL subscales, respectively, and completed the TUG two seconds faster than subjects in the weakest quartile. Strength was not associated with structural damage. Conclusions Greater quadriceps and hamstrings muscle strength was associated with less pain, less difficulty completing activities of daily living, and better mobility. These relationships should be evaluated longitudinally.

Objective The aim of this work was to study the correlation between health-related quality of life and performance-related measures in Egyptian patients with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA). Patients and methods One hundred patients with primary knee OA who were attending the outpatient clinic of the hospital were included in the study. All patients had bilateral medial tibiofemoral knee OA. Radiological severity of the disease was evaluated with the Kellgren–Lawrence scale. All patients completed Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS); that is a knee-related disorder-specific questionnaire for the assessment of quality of life. The Timed Up and Go test was used for the evaluation of performance-based functional status. Results Eighty-eight (88%) patients were female. The mean age was 57.30±6.37 (50–75) years, and the mean BMI was 36.83±5.37% kg/m2. The mean symptom duration was 8.76±4.71 years. The mean radiological stage was 2.88±0.82. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between all of the KOOS domains and Timed Up and Go (P≤0.01). Conclusion KOOS is not only a good indicator of physical performance in patients with knee OA but also provides information about the impact of knee-related disability on the quality of life and recreational activities.

O processo de envelhecimento envolve modificações no desempenho locomotor que podem predispor os idosos a quedas e alterações na qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Comparar o medo de cair, mobilidade funcional, força de membros inferiores, estilo e qualidade de vida em idosos sedentários e praticantes caminhada. Método: Trata-se de estudo transversal observacional do qual participaram 51 idosos, 25 praticantes de caminhada (GCam) e 26 sedentários (GSed), submetidos à avaliação de mobilidade funcional (Timed Up and Go - TUG), da força de membros inferiores (teste senta-levanta), medo de cair (Escala Internacional de Eficácia de Quedas - FES-I), estilo de vida (questionário FANTASTICO) e Qualidade de vida (SF-36). Resultados: Não houve diferença entre os grupos em relação às médias de idade, distribuição de gênero e índice de massa corporal. Os participantes do GCam apresentaram mobilidade funcional significantemente melhor (9,45±2,68 vs. 14,97±6,55 segundos; p=0,001) que os do GSed, e menos medo de cair (23,16±5,33 vs. 29,04±10,22; p=0,01). O estilo de vida também foi superior entre os praticantes de caminhada (79,84±5,52 vs. 67,19±10,35; (p=0,0001). Em relação à qualidade de vida, o GCam apresentou escores maiores nos domínios capacidade funcional (p=0,013), limitações por aspecto físico (p=0,17) e limitações por aspectos emocionais (p=0,05). Já no domínio dor, o GCam apresentou pior resultado (p=0,05) em relação ao GSed. Conclusão: Idosos praticantes regulares de caminhada possuem melhor resultados em relação à mobilidade funcional, habilidade de levantar e sentar, menos medo de cair, melhor estilo de vida e alguns domínios da qualidade de vida do que idosos sedentários.

The objective was to compare the performance of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Baecke questionnaire to estimate maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in healthy older women. One hundred healthy women aged 60 years and older answered the IPAQ and Baecke questionnaires and underwent a cardiopulmonary exercise test. The 6-min walk (6MWT), timed up and go (TUG), and handgrip strength test (HST) were also performed. Mean age and body mass index were 68.5 ± 6.3 years and 27 ± 4.7 kg/m2, respectively. No significant correlation was seen between VO2max, IPAQ and Baecke questionnaires. IPAQ did not correlate with any functional tests while Baecke correlated weakly with the 6MWT and TUG test. VO2max correlated significantly with the 6MWT (r = .38; p = .0001), HST (r = .34; p = .001), and TUG (r = −.41; p = .0001). In a multivariate regression model, TUG was the best estimator for VO2max (R2 = .217; p = .0001). In conclusion, IPAQ and Baecke questionnaires do not associate significantly with VO2max in older women.

Study DesignProspective study.PurposeTo examine the changes in body sway using stabilometry in patients who underwent cervical laminoplasty for cervical myelopathy.Overview of LiteratureAlthough the patients of cervical myelopathy complain body sway there are few report to examine body sway objectively.MethodsPatients who received treatment for cervical myelopathy between October 2010 and February 2013 were included. Twenty-one patients underwent cervical laminoplasty (myelopathy group). Body sway was assessed using stabilometry, wherein patients stood on a stabilometer with their eyes closed for 30 seconds. The Romberg ratio, outer peripheral area (OPA) with eyes closed (cm2), and total locus length per unit area (L/A) with eyes closed (/cm) were examined. Examinations were performed preoperatively (at baseline) and at 8 weeks postoperatively. Examination results of patients in the myelopathy group were compared with those of 17 healthy individuals (control group). Clinical symptoms were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scale score (JOA score) and the timed up and go (TUG) test.ResultsIn the myelopathy and control groups, the mean baseline Romberg ratio, OPA, and L/A were 2.3±1.2, 8.9±5.5 cm2, and 14.2±5.3/cm and 1.4±1.0, 4.3±2.8 cm2, and 23.7±10.1/cm, respectively. Eight weeks after laminoplasty, only L/A showed significant improvement from baseline in the myelopathy group (23.2±10.1 to 16.8±7.9; p=0.03). The Romberg ratio and OPA showed improvement in the myelopathy group, but the changes were not statistically significant. JOA scores and TUG test results in this group significantly improved from baseline to 8 weeks after laminoplasty (12.7 to 13.4 and 10.8 to 8.0 seconds, respectively; both pConclusionsL/A is a useful parameter for measuring body sway to assess the recovery of body sway after laminoplasty.

Summary Objective To examine the clinical impact of coexisting lateral osteoarthritis (OA) in knees with mild medial OA. Design In patients with Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L) grade 2 OA in the medial compartment ( n = 100; age: 56–89 years; 80.0% female), anteroposterior knee radiography was used to assess the presence of lateral OA, using grading systems from the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) atlas and the K/L classification. The Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure (JKOM), knee range of motion (ROM), and performance-based functional measures (10 m walk, timed up and go and five repetition chair stand maneuvers) were evaluated. The outcomes were compared between patients with and without lateral OA using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) or nonparametric rank ANCOVA. Furthermore, ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed, with responses on individual JKOM pain questionnaires as the outcomes and lateral OA as the predictor. Results Knees with coexisting lateral OA had a significantly worse score of JKOM pain question compared with those without, after adjusting for covariates. The presence of lateral OA was significantly associated with knee pain while ascending/descending stairs and standing. These results were consistent between different definitions of the K/L and OARSI grading systems. The knee ROM and performance-based functional measures were not significantly different between patients with and without lateral OA. Conclusion Knees with concomitant lateral and mild medial OA may be more symptomatic compared to those without lateral OA. These findings might help to define a clinically distinct subgroup based on a simple radiographic finding in mild knee OA.

This study verified the effects of a physical exercise program performed at Basic Healthcare Units on the body composition and functional capacity of women over 50 years old and to compare these variables according to age. Forty-eight women (age, 65.4±7.3 years) were assessed. The program lasted 20 weeks, and was conducted 2 times per week, 60 min/day. Body mass and height were collected and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Bioelectrical impedance was used to estimate fat mass and fat free mass. Functional capacities: handgrip test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and Guralnick test were assessment. Weight (68.7±12.5 [pre]×66.8±12.5 [post], P

Limited knowledge exists regarding the impact of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) on the overall gait pattern; and whether gait deviations are associated with performance-based measures (PBMs) and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). This cross-sectional study evaluated overall gait patterns in patients with knee OA using the Gait Deviation Index for kinematics (GDI) and kinetics (GDI-kinetic), and explored associations between gait deviations, PBMs, and PROs.Forty patients with knee OA and 25 age and gender-matched controls underwent three-dimensional gait analysis. Participants performed the Timed Up and Go (TUG), Five Times Sit-to-Stand (5STS), and Single Limb Mini Squat (SLMS) tests and completed a disease-specific PRO. Associations between gait deviations, PBMs, and PROs were assessed by Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression.Patients with OA demonstrated significantly lower GDI and GDI-kinetic scores of the OA and contralateral limbs compared to controls; with GDI-kinetic scores on the contralateral limb more impacted than the OA limb. On the contralateral limb, GDI-kinetic score significantly correlated with TUG (r=-0.42) and 5STS (r=-0.33), while on the OA limb with TUG (r=-0.68), 5STS (r=-0.38), SLMS (r=-0.38), activities of daily living (r=0.35) and Knee-related Quality of Life (r=0.35). No significant associations existed between kinematic GDI scores, PBMs and PROs.The overall gait pattern, as represented by GDI and GDI-kinetic scores, in patients with symptomatic knee OA is affected both on the painful OA limb and the contralateral limb. The GDI and GDI-kinetic scores provide different information regarding function that is not revealed by PBMs or PROs.

The transitional period from hospital to home is critical to decreasing rates of preventable, poor post-discharge outcomes. Older adults with chronic heart failure (CHF) may be challenged to exercise during the transitional period. The purpose of the current study was to test the effects of low-intensity exercise on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical function, and heart function in Chinese older adults with CHF during the transitional period. The study was randomized, single-blinded, and controlled. Seventy-eight older adults with stable CHF were evaluated. The intervention group ( n = 41) participated in a regular low-intensity walking protocol and the control group ( n = 38) did not. Measures included the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, resting heart rate (RHR), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). After 12 weeks, the intervention group showed significant improvements in MLHFQ, 6MWD, and TUG scores compared to the control group ( p < 0.05), and no significant improvements in RHR and LVEF ( p > 0.05). Low-intensity exercise during the transitional period is an effective way to improve HRQoL and physical function in older adults. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2017; 10(3):121–128.]

This study investigated the relationships between muscle echo intensity (EI), physical activity (PA), and functional mobility in 108 Japanese (88–92 years). We measured EI and muscle thickness (MT) at the midpoint of the anterior superior iliac spine and patella using B-mode ultrasound. Light and moderate-to-vigorous PA (LPA and MVPA) were assessed with a triaxial accelerometer. The timed up and go (TUG) test was used to measure for functional mobility. EI, but not MT, was significantly associated with both TUG scores (β = 0.17, p = .047) and MVPA (β = –0.31, p = .01) when adjusted by potential confounders. However, association between EI and TUG disappeared after adjusted for MVPA. Meanwhile, MVPA was significantly associated with TUG scores independent of EI (β = –0.35, p < .001). Although EI of anterior thigh muscles might be a weaker predictor of functional morbidity than MVPA, it is a noninvasive and practical approach for assessing muscle quality in the very old.

Objetivo: Comparar a capacidade de manutenção postural estática e dinâmica em atividades funcionais entre idosos hipertensos e não hipertensos. Métodos: Participaram deste estudo indivíduos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, provenientes de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) em um município de pequeno porte no norte do estado do Piauí. A capacidade de manutenção postural foi medida através de três testes. A mobilidade funcional foi ponderada através do teste Timed Up and Go (TUG); o equilíbrio estático, por meio do Teste de Alcance Funcional (TAF); e a força muscular (FM) dos membros inferiores, pelo teste Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Os idosos foram divididos em grupo HAS (hipertensos) e grupo controle (não hipertensos). Os dados foram analisados através do Software Graph Pad Prism, utilizando o teste t student não pareado para identificar diferenças entre os grupos. Resultados: Dos 88 voluntários, 43 pertencem ao grupo de hipertensos e 45 ao grupo controle. Para o TAF, o grupo HAS teve média da mensuração do alcance funcional de 15 (±5,60) centímetros, enquanto o grupo controle teve média de 17 (±5,88) centímetros. No teste SPPB, a média da FM para grupo HAS foi de 17,67 (±6,46) segundos e, para o grupo controle, foi de 17,01 (±3,53) segundos. A média do TUG para o grupo HAS foi 14,03 (±2,95) segundos e, para o grupo controle, foi 12,41 (±3,90) segundos. Houve associação entre grupos HAS e controle para os testes TAF (p=0,03) e SPPB (p=0,02). Conclusão: A hipertensão arterial sistêmica parece interferir na manutenção postural estática em idosos.

[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effect of phase proprioceptive training on balance in patients with chronic stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Participants included 30 patients with stroke who were randomly assigned to the proprioceptive training group (n=15) or control group (n=15). Participants in the proprioceptive training group underwent proprioceptive training and received general physical therapy each for a total of 20 thirty-minute sessions, five times per week, during a period of four weeks; the control group received general physical therapy for a total of 20 sixty-minute sessions, five times per week, during a period of four weeks. [Results] All participants were evaluated with the Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale instrument before and after intervention. After training, the differences in BBS, TUG, and ABC scores in the proprioceptive group were significantly greater than those in the control group. [Conclusion] In conclusion, proprioceptive training was effective on balance ability. Therefore, proprioceptive training may be efficient when combining general physical therapy with phase proprioceptive training for patients with impairments of balance. Further research is needed to investigate proprioceptive training methods.

Objective: To investigate the association between low back pain and functional capacity among non-institutionalized elderly persons. Method: A cross-sectional observational study of non-institutionalized elderly persons was performed. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Sitting-Rising Test (SRT) functional tests were used, together with the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Result: A total of 99 elderly persons of both genders were included. Kendall’s Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the RMDQ and the SRT scores for the act of sitting (p=0.001) and the act of lifting (p=0.028). Despite the statistical significance, these two variables were weakly correlated (r=-239;r=-163). The results also identified a statistically significant correlation between the TUG and SRT tests for the act of sitting (r=-222; p=0.003) and the act of lifting (r=-206; p=0.006). Conclusion: It was observed that most of the non-institutionalized elderly persons had good functional capacity. It is also possible to affirm that there is an association between low back pain and functional capacity. Resumo Objetivo: Verificar a associação entre lombalgia e a capacidade funcional em idosos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal em indivíduos idosos não institucionalizados, sendo usados os testes funcionais Timed Up and Go (TUG) e o Teste de Sentar e Levantar (TSL) juntamente com o Questionário de Incapacidade Roland Morris (QIRM). Resultados: Foram selecionados 99 indivíduos idosos de ambos os sexos. A análise de correlação de Kendall demonstrou uma correlação significativa entre o escore do QIRM e a pontuação precedida no TSL no ato de sentar (p=0,001) e no ato de levantar (p=0,028). Apesar da significância estatística, essas duas variáveis estão fracamente correlacionadas (r=-239;r=-163). Os resultados também demonstraram uma correlação estatisticamente significativa entre o teste TUG e o TSL no ato de sentar (r=-222; p=0,003), e no ato de levantar (r=-06; p=0,006). Conclusão: Foi observada que a maioria dos idosos não institucionalizados possui boa capacidade funcional. Também é possível afirmar que existe associação entre lombalgia e a capacidade funcional.

Background Patients with life-limiting illnesses often experience functional impairment, resulting in poorer quality of life (QOL). Exercise can improve physical, emotional and psychological wellbeing which help maintain independence and improve QOL (Wittry, Lan & McNalley, 2018). A successful chair-based exercise group is well established, however, a need was identified for a more challenging group for patients with a higher level of functional mobility. Aims of the project To establish an exercise group to provide a relaxed and sociable environment to promote strength and balance exercises. To investigate changes in mobility after attending a weekly exercise group. To investigate patient satisfaction for the service. To empower patients to self-manage their condition and continue with exercise at home. Methods Patients were assessed using the TUG outcome measure (Podsiadlo & Richardson, 1991) on initial assessment. Patients attended a weekly exercise group under the supervision of a physiotherapist with volunteer support, involving exercises to improve strength and balance. TUG was repeated at intervals of four attendances and a satisfaction questionnaire was completed at the end of eight sessions. Results All attendees showed improvements in TUG with mean reduction in walking time of 3.64 seconds (range: 0.25–8.46 seconds). After four exercise sessions 71% of patients had a TUG score of 14 seconds or less – suggesting a lower risk of falls. Satisfaction with the group was high with many positive themes being reiterated including self-esteem, self-confidence and motivation; and no negative feedback received. 100% of responders enjoyed the exercise group and found it relevant to them. 100% agreed or strongly agreed that the exercise was at an appropriate level and alternative exercises were suggested when necessary for individual ability. Conclusion The exercise group has proved to be a positive addition to hospice services and demonstrated that simple strength and balance exercises are effective in improving both physical and psychological health in this patient group.

Objectives The relationship between components of body composition and physical function is not well characterized among middle-aged women. This cross-sectional study examined the strength of the associations between lean mass and percent fat and physical function in middle-aged women. Study Design Body composition, physical function and physical activity were objectively measured in 80 women (mean age 52.58 ± 6.10 years; range = 40−63 years). Main Outcome Measures Adiposity (%Fat) and lean mass were measured via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Steps/day and minutes of low-, moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity were assessed via accelerometer. Physical function was measured via a seated transfer task, 30-second chair stand, a six-minute walk task, 8-foot timed up and go, and a lift and carry task. Results: When controlling for steps/day, measures of lean mass were related to performance on the seated transfer task (r = .25) and 30-second chair stand (−.26) (both p > 0.05), while %Fat was related to performance on the seated transfer task (r = .53), 8-foot timed up and go (r = .32), 30-second chair stand (r = −.35), and six-minute walk (r = −.48; all p ≤ 0.05). Linear regression analyses revealed: (1) age, steps/day, and %Fat were independently related to performance on the seated transfer task and 30-second chair stand (both p ≤ 0.05), (2) %Fat was associated with six-minute walk and 8-foot up-and-go performance (p ≤ 0.01); none of the variables included were associated with lift and carry. Conclusions Adiposity but not lean mass was associated with objectively measured physical function in middle-aged women. Interventions that focus on reducing body fat may be an effective method for improving functional performance among women in this age group.

OBJECTIVE To assess the test-retest reliability of the 10-step stair ascent test, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and 10-meter walking test under dual-task conditions in patients with fibromyalgia. DESIGN Test-retest reliability. SETTINGS Local fibromyalgia association and university facilities. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-eight women with fibromyalgia. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Fear of falling and the number of falls in the last year were measured using a visual analogue scale. The 10-step stair ascent test, TUG test, and 10-meter walking test were conducted under single- and dual-task conditions. The order between single- and dual-task condition was randomized in both test and retest. Retest measurement was assessed the week following the test. RESULTS The reliability of the performance on the 10-step stair ascent test under dual and single conditions ranged between good (>0.75 to

Background: High-speed resistance training programs aiming to increase muscle power have beneficial effects on balance. Aim: To compare the effect of high-speed bodyweight resistance training and normal-speed bodyweight resistance training on the static and dynamic balance in community-dwelling older women. Material and Methods: Thirty-five non-disabled community-dwelling women aged 65 to 80 years were trained for 12 weeks using a high-speed bodyweight resistance training (HS-BT) or a normal-speed bodyweight resistance training (NS-BT). At baseline and after the intervention, One Leg Stance (OLS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) tests were measured. Participants with an attendance to training sessions of less than 70% were excluded from the final analysis. Results: Data from 26 participants were analyzed, 14 women aged 71 ± 4 years who received HS-BT and 12 women aged 73 ± 4 years who received NS-BT. After 12 weeks of training, a significant improvement in TUG was observed in women receiving HS-BT (ΔTUG −1.07 sec, p < 0.01), but without changes in the OLS test. No significant changes were observed in any of the tests in the NS-BT group. Conclusions: High-speed bodyweight resistance training for 12 weeks improved TUG in these women.