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This research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of sterically hindered functional quaternary phosphonium salts (QPSs). A series of oxygen–containing salts were prepared via the Menschutkin reaction, demonstrating high yields and diverse structural variations. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized compounds, including NMR spectral data, melting points, and IR spectroscopy, were comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of QPSs against gram–positive and gram–negative bacteria as well as fungus was systematically studied. Tri-tert-butyl(2-decyloxy-2-oxoethyl)phosphonium bromide exhibited moderate to good antibacterial activity. The sterically hindered phosphonium salts displayed a distinct impact on microbial growth, highlighting its potential as antimicrobial agents. In addition to their intrinsic antimicrobial properties, sterically hindered functional quaternary phosphonium salts exhibit potential applications as additives for 3D printing polymers. Incorporating these salts into the plastic matrix could provide a novel approach to design materials with enhanced antibacterial properties, providing a valuable contribution to the development of antimicrobial 3D-printed materials for various applications, including healthcare and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-aggregation processes in an H2O—DMF (10%) medium were studied for a homologous series of tri-tert-butyl(n-alkyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborates (PIL-n, where n = 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18) using tensiometry and conductometry. A decrease in the critical micelle concentration from 10 to 0.4 mmol L−1 (tensiometry) was shown in the series PIL-10 > PIL-12 > PIL-14 > > PIL-16. The hydrodynamic diameter of the aggregates in solutions of phosphonium salts of various nature was shown to be in a narrow range. The thermodynamic parameters of adsorption and micelle formation were calculated from surface tension isotherms. The solubilizing ability of the phosphonium surfactants was evaluated by spectrophotometry using the hydrophobic dye Orange OT as an example. The maximum solubilization capacity in the series was demonstrated by the salt with the tetradecyl substituent (PIL-14) at the phosphorus atom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A crystal structure and aggregation properties of tri-n-butyl(octadecyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborate were studied. Palladium nanoparticles stabilized by this phosphonium salt exhibit different catalytic activity in the Suzuki reaction, depending on the concentration of the stabilizing agent, which is related to the supramolecular organization of the Pd-phosphonium salt system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new carbon paste electrode is described, which contains the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) tri( tert-butyl)(dodecyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborate as binder. The advantages of this electrode are a high conductivity, very wide electrochemical window (5.6 V from 2.7 to −2.9 V, one of the widest ever reported for RTILs), stability in time, and reproducibility. This RTIL-carbon paste electrode (CPE) allows determining the current-voltage characteristics of redox-active compounds. Thus, the newly synthesized insoluble compound poly-tris(μ-1,1′-ferrocenediyl-phenylhydrophosphinato-phenylphosphinato)-iron(III) tetrahydrofuran solvate {μ-[Fe(η-CH-P(PhOO)(η-CH-P(PhOOH))]Fe}·THF was studied, and a quasi-reversible three-electron oxidation could be observed at a potential more positive than that of ferrocene. A comparison of voltammograms on the paraffin-CPE and on the novel RTIL-CPE shows the advantages of the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palladium nanoparticles with an average size of 2.5±0.5 nm formed from palladium acetate in the presence of tri- tert-butyl(decyl)phosphonium tetrafluoroborate without an additional reducing agent exhibit high activity as a catalyst for the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction involving bromo- and chloroarenes under mild conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphonium salts containing sterically demand head group are particular subclass of ionic liquids that have potentially broad application in both academia and industry. The synthesis, physical chemical properties, and application in stabilization of palladium nanoparticles and in electrochemistry are briefly reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In situ generated palladium nanoparticles stabilized by a sterically hindered phosphonium salt are shown to act as an efficient catalyst for the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of haloarenes with arylboronic acids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]