393 results on '"HISTORY of linguistics"'
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2. Women in the history of linguistics. WendyAyres‐Bennett and Helena Sanson (Eds.), Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2020, pp. viii + 648. Hb (978‐0‐19‐875495‐4) 110 GBP
- Author
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Deborah Cameron
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Philosophy ,History and Philosophy of Science ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,History of linguistics ,Art ,Humanities ,Language and Linguistics ,media_common - Published
- 2021
3. Taalpatriottisme van Becanus tot Grotius
- Author
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Camiel Hamans
- Subjects
Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Theology ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
In this study the linguistic ideas of Goropius Becanus (1519-1573) and his followers Hendrik Laurensz Spieghel (1549-1612), Simon Stevin (1548-1620) and Hugo Grotius (1583-1645) are studied. Goropius Becanus has a poor reputation for his fantastic etymologies, which have been ridiculed by, for example, Leibniz. However, Becanus’ ideas about the position and value of his Dutch mother tongue have been influential for more than a century, as is demonstrated. He was not only held in high esteem in the Low Countries but also in Germany, where a similar linguistic patriotism flourished in the 17th century. Goropius Becanus and his supporters should be appreciated as linguistic patriots who fought for equal rights for their language.
- Published
- 2021
4. Did the Sanskrit model bring 'true enlightenment to European Scholars' when they analysed and classified the Bahuvrīhi compounds?
- Author
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Tiziana Pontillo
- Subjects
Literature ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,language ,Enlightenment ,business ,Sanskrit ,language.human_language ,media_common - Published
- 2021
5. Marr and his theory
- Author
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Marek Stachowski
- Subjects
Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ,P101-410 ,Linguistics and Language ,Communication ,Philosophy ,history of linguistics ,Marr ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics ,historia językoznawstwa ,Stalin ,History of linguistics ,jafetydologia ,japhetidology - Abstract
Marr and his theory Nicholas Marr and his theory, mostly called the Japhetic theory or just Marrism, are not popular and well-known to modern students of linguistics. The aim of the present study is, then, to offer a concise presentation including both data about the Marrism and this author’s own interpretation of some common (albeit to a considerable extent incorrect) statements.
- Published
- 2020
6. Language, mind, and body: a conceptual history
- Author
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Joseph L. Subbiondo
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Mind–body problem ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Art history ,Conceptual history ,Language and Linguistics - Abstract
In Language, Mind, and Body: A Conceptual History, John Joseph provides an illuminating history of linguistics that reflects an emerging trend in integral studies in that he interrelates several re...
- Published
- 2020
7. HIHISTORICAL, SOCIAL AND STRUCTURAL APPROACHESIN THE 20TH CENTURY LINGUISTICS: THE PARADIGMATIC INTERPRETATION OF HISTORY OF LINGUISTICS
- Author
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Irina F. Belyaeva and Georgy T. Khukhuni
- Subjects
Interpretation (philosophy) ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Linguistics - Published
- 2020
8. Linguistic discussion of 1950 as Marr and Stalin 'debate' on Laws
- Subjects
History ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Philosophy ,Religious studies ,Phonetics ,Context (language use) ,Semantics ,Linguistics ,History and Philosophy of Science ,State (polity) ,History of linguistics ,On Language ,media_common - Abstract
The linguistic discussion of 1950 is considered in the article as a “dispute” of two linguistic “paradigms” oriented to the study of language as langue and language as langage. This is demonstrated through a different understanding of the concept of language law by Stalin and by the creator of the “new theory of language” Nikolay Yakovlevich Marr (1864–1934). At the same time, a number of laws formulated by Marr (the law of “universal human thinking”, the law of opposite semantics, the law of diffuse meanings, the law of functional transfer, the law of hybridization) are analyzed, and it is argued that Marr’s view on language laws — above all, on the laws of semantics — was significantly different from the understanding of semantic laws which was accepted before him (in the works of Michel Breal, Mikhail Mikhailovich Pokrovskiy, etc.). The main difference consisted in the fact that the laws referred to in the works of Marr, claimed the status of universal, not only in the sense that, as Marr believed, they could be applicable to all existing languages, but also in the sense that they generally went beyond linguistics, claiming to describe phenomena studied by other disciplines or “proved” with the involvement of facts analyzed by other sciences. In turn, analysis of the general context of the history of linguistic ideas that preceded the discussion (including the context of “crisis” in linguistics at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries) allows to state some differences between linguistic laws formulated for phonetics and semantics.
- Published
- 2019
9. L’emprise de la grammaire
- Author
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Riemer, Nick
- Subjects
herméneutique ,Philosophy ,épistémologie des théories linguistiques ,histoire des théories linguistiques ,ideological critique of linguistics ,linguistics ,philosophy of linguistics ,history of linguistics ,critique idéologique de la linguistique ,hermeneutics ,linguistique - Abstract
Comment penser l’épistémologie de la linguistique en prenant comme point de départ le pluralisme théorique réel de cette discipline ? Par quels critères la recherche grammaticale se jauge-t-elle si on abandonne une conception concurrentielle de la démarche théorique ? En examinant divers domaines de la théorie linguistique, cet ouvrage tente de mettre au jour certaines propriétés herméneutiques, mal comprises et parfois même non encore repérées, de la théorisation linguistique. À ces investigations, s’ajoute l’étude de certaines questions soulevées par la critique « idéologique » de la linguistique contemporaine, ce qui permet d’étudier l’activité théorique menée au sein de la discipline à l’aune des réalités socio-idéologiques dont elle est tributaire, parfois à son insu. En réunissant ainsi deux manières souvent disjointes d’aborder la linguistique, Nick Riemer ouvre la voie à une compréhension nouvelle de la complexité des objets textuels que sont les théories grammaticales. How can we understand the philosophy of linguistics by taking the discipline’s actual theoretical pluralism as our starting point? By what criteria can grammatical research be assessed if we abandon a competitive model of theorising? Through an investigation of different areas of linguistics, this book brings to light certain hermeneutic properties of linguistic theorisation which are currently poorly understood and sometimes not even yet noticed. As a complement to these investigations, the book analyses a number of questions that arise in the “ideological” criticism of contemporary linguistics, examining the discipline’s theoretical activity in light of the socio-ideological realities on which it depends, sometimes unwittingly. Uniting two approaches to linguistics that are rarely brought into dialogue, the book opens up the possibility of an alternative understanding of the complexity of the particular textual objects that are grammatical theories.
- Published
- 2021
10. Conclusion
- Author
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Riemer, Nick
- Subjects
herméneutique ,Philosophy ,épistémologie des théories linguistiques ,histoire des théories linguistiques ,ideological critique of linguistics ,linguistics ,philosophy of linguistics ,history of linguistics ,critique idéologique de la linguistique ,hermeneutics ,linguistique - Abstract
On voit souvent dans le Traité de l’origine de la langue de Herder (1772) un moment annonciateur pour la linguistique moderne : rejet de toute explication théologique de l’origine du langage, affirmation de l’assise cognitive des compétences langagières, universalisme linguistique fort, assorti d’une reconnaissance d’un lien foncier entre langue et communauté (tribu, nation). L’exemplarité de Herder ne se limite pourtant pas au seul plan du contenu, ni au statut de l’auteur comme précurseur d...
- Published
- 2021
11. Typologie, sémantique, herméneutique : quelques jalons
- Author
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Riemer, Nick
- Subjects
herméneutique ,Philosophy ,épistémologie des théories linguistiques ,histoire des théories linguistiques ,ideological critique of linguistics ,linguistics ,philosophy of linguistics ,history of linguistics ,critique idéologique de la linguistique ,hermeneutics ,linguistique - Abstract
1. Une herméneutique du langage ? Aborder la grammaire comme discipline herméneutique, c’est souligner avant tout le rôle déterminant, en son sein, de l’interprétation, et en tirer les conséquences épistémologiques qui s’ensuivent. Comme on le verra, la prise en compte de ces conséquences éloigne la linguistique à plusieurs égards de l’image « scientiste » qui prédomine actuellement, souvent de façon tacite, dans la métathéorie de la discipline. On détaillera les conséquences du cadre herméne...
- Published
- 2021
12. Qu’est-ce que décrire une langue « dans ses propres termes » ?
- Author
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Riemer, Nick
- Subjects
herméneutique ,Philosophy ,épistémologie des théories linguistiques ,histoire des théories linguistiques ,ideological critique of linguistics ,linguistics ,philosophy of linguistics ,history of linguistics ,critique idéologique de la linguistique ,hermeneutics ,linguistique - Abstract
1. Petite philosophie de la description Pourquoi « décrirait »-on une « grammaire », et en quoi une description grammaticale consiste-t-elle ? En termes généraux, on peut attribuer à la description une double finalité : soit, on décrit parce qu’on souhaite faire part de la nature d’un « objet », ou peut-être de son existence même, à un interlocuteur qui n’en a pas connaissance ; soit le fait de décrire un objet est l’occasion d’en découvrir des propriétés jusqu’alors inconnues. On appellera l...
- Published
- 2021
13. Un empirisme pour la sémantique ?
- Author
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Riemer, Nick
- Subjects
herméneutique ,Philosophy ,épistémologie des théories linguistiques ,histoire des théories linguistiques ,ideological critique of linguistics ,linguistics ,philosophy of linguistics ,history of linguistics ,critique idéologique de la linguistique ,hermeneutics ,linguistique - Abstract
La sémantique est certes incluse dans la linguistique, mais à quel prix ?– Ricœur, Le conflit des interprétations Quel statut reconnaître à l’analyse sémantique dite « descriptive », c’est-à-dire la sémantique qui découlerait des « observations » propres aux théories empiriques ? Dans quel sens les analyses sémantiques théoriques reposeraient-elles sur des « données » leur servant de base ? Quels sont les enjeux épistémologiques des cadres sémantiques décompositionnels ou définitionnels dans ...
- Published
- 2021
14. Les utopies de Boas
- Author
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Riemer, Nick
- Subjects
herméneutique ,Philosophy ,épistémologie des théories linguistiques ,histoire des théories linguistiques ,ideological critique of linguistics ,linguistics ,philosophy of linguistics ,history of linguistics ,critique idéologique de la linguistique ,hermeneutics ,linguistique - Abstract
Nous avions d’autres chats à fouetter que de folâtrer dans ces subtilités herméneutiques – Daniel Bensaïd, Une lente impatience 1. La grammaire comme rencontre Dans un passage de la préface du Handbook of American Indian Languages évoqué dans le premier chapitre, Boas souligne deux espèces de variation qu’il importe, selon lui, de prendre en compte pendant l’établissement des descriptions grammaticales de langues amérindiennes : la variation linguistique – les différences entre les « formes i...
- Published
- 2021
15. Introduction
- Author
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Riemer, Nick
- Subjects
herméneutique ,Philosophy ,épistémologie des théories linguistiques ,histoire des théories linguistiques ,ideological critique of linguistics ,linguistics ,philosophy of linguistics ,history of linguistics ,critique idéologique de la linguistique ,hermeneutics ,linguistique - Abstract
Avec des philosophes, on est sûr de son affaire : à un moment ou à l’autre, ils se cassent la figure. — Althusser, Philosophie et philosophie spontanée des savants S’intéresser aux langues ou au langage ne revient pas forcément, et oblige encore moins, à s’intéresser aux propositions théoriques de la linguistique contemporaine, même dans un cadre assumé de théorisation : parmi tous les champs, toutes les disciplines, réels ou envisageables, qui abordent, d’une manière ou d’une autre, les stru...
- Published
- 2021
16. Prinzipien der botanischen Nomenklatur in der Renaissance
- Author
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Philippe Selosse
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Logical conjunction ,Anaphora (linguistics) ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Polysemy ,Episteme ,Nomenclature ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics ,Botanical nomenclature ,Terminology - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to bring to light the pattern underlying botanical nomenclature in the Renaissance. The analysis shows that this nomenclature was conceived within the framework of the Renaissance episteme, i.e. within a logical and religious framework and that it is characterized by a threefold purpose: the appellations must give an essential definition of plants, reflect the classification of the botanists, and be easy to remember , that is, they must be short. Consequently, the nomenclature is structured by various principles: philosophical (logical division), linguistic (anaphora, polysemy) and cognitive (typicality). Finally, the analysis leads to a definition of the concept of ‘nomenclature’ in the Renaissance.
- Published
- 2021
17. Créolistique, représentations idéologiques et approches théoriques : l’influence du contexte local
- Author
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James Scott McDonald
- Subjects
épistémologie ,contexte local ,Philosophy ,Creolistics ,epistemology ,représentation idéologique ,history of linguistics ,General Medicine ,créolistique ,ideological representation ,creolistics ,approche théorique ,History of linguistics ,histoire de la linguistique ,theoretical approache ,Humanities ,local context - Abstract
Plusieurs approches théoriques se sont développées au fil des décennies, que ce soit au sein de la créolistique ou en linguistique générale, qui sont ensuite appliquées à la créolistique. Il existe des tendances dans les représentations idéologiques et les approches théoriques selon les pays, ainsi que les territoires au sein d’un même pays. Nous pouvons notamment retenir les diffusions différentes de théories sur les origines des créoles du Sud-Ouest de l’océan Indien au sein de la recherche d’expression française et anglaise. Ces tendances s’accentuent lorsque nous nous confrontons aux mouvements qui émergent en réaction à ces approches théoriques initiales, notamment l’apparition de l’approche interlectale dans les recherches d’expression française. Cet article aborde la façon dont ces approches théoriques ainsi que ces représentations idéologiques influencent la créolistique et la manière dont elles varient en fonction de la zone linguistique. En effet, même si les recherches s’efforcent de rester objectives, la frontière entre les deux n’est pas toujours étanche, que ce soit l’influence d’une idéologie dominante ou celle des idéologies militantes qui se construisent en réaction à celle-ci. Nous nous focalisons sur les recherches d’expression française et anglaise. Nous aborderons également la façon dont ces représentations et ces théories diffèrent en fonction des territoires et dont le contexte local influe sur ces représentations et ces théories. Several theoretical approaches have developed over the course of the decades, whether that be within creolistics or in general linguistics, which are then applied to creolistics. There are tendencies in the ideological representations and theoretical approaches according to the country, as well as the territory within the same country. We can notably consider the different dissemination of theories of the origins of the Creoles of the South-West Indian Ocean within francophone and anglophone research. These tendencies become more pronounced when we compare this to movements, which emerged in reaction to these initial theoretical approaches, notably the apparition of the interlectal approach in francophone research. This article deals with how these theoretical approaches and ideological representations influence creolistics and how they vary according to the linguistic zone. Indeed, even if research looks to stay objective, the line between the two is not always watertight, whether that be the influence of a dominant ideology or of activist ideologies, which develop in reaction to it. We focus on francophone and anglophone research. We shall also tackle how these representations and theories differ according to the territory and how the local context local influence these representations and theories.
- Published
- 2021
18. Les sources britanniques de l’ethnographie de la communication et de l’analyse de conversation
- Author
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Jacqueline Leon
- Subjects
lcsh:Language and Literature ,J.R.Firth ,Ethnography of communication ,Ethnographie de la communication ,B.Malinowski ,Firth ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Analyse de conversation ,lcsh:P ,Histoire de la linguistique ,Humanities - Abstract
Dans cet article nous proposons d'examiner les fondements britanniques de l'ethnographie de la communication et de l'analyse de conversation. Ce thème, très peu représenté dans l'histoire des théories linguistiques, devrait intéresser les étudiants en sciences du langage. Nous nous attacherons à explorer comment apparaissent dans les travaux de B. Malinowski et de J.R. Firth certaines notions comme celles de variation et de répertoire, ainsi que les notions conversationnelles de tour de parole et de séquence d'actions. On distinguera deux étapes: (i) l'élaboration de la notion de contexte de situation par Malinowski et Firth dans les années 1930; (ii) l'établissement par Firth des catégories du contexte de situation dans les années 1950.
- Published
- 2019
19. PERSONALITY IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE:HERMANN GÜNTHER GRASSMANN (N. A. KONDRASHOV’S TESTAMENT - TO CONTINUE HISTORIOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH)
- Author
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Vladimir N. Bazylev
- Subjects
comparative studies ,Philosophy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,history of linguistics ,Historiography ,General Medicine ,linguistic traditions ,lcsh:Philology. Linguistics ,lcsh:P1-1091 ,lexicography ,Personality ,acoustics ,History of science ,N. Kondrashov ,Classics ,media_common - Abstract
The article is written in the genre of “portraits of linguists” and continues the traditions of historiography laid down by N. Kondrashov. The author presents the personality and work of philologist Hermann Günther Grassmann and three areas of application of his scientific potential: comparative studies, acoustics, and lexicography. Special attention is paid to his dictionary work - „Wörterbuch zum Rigveda“ in light of the influence on his work of the achievements of the Russian philologist O. Böhtlingk; and his dictionary „Sanskrit-Wörterbuch“.
- Published
- 2019
20. Егизарян П.Э. Португальский футурум в грамматических сочинениях Португалии XIX–XX вв
- Subjects
Structuralism (biology) ,Future tense ,Literature ,business.industry ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Temporality ,business ,Modality (semiotics) - Published
- 2019
21. Академик Ф. И. Буслаев и его «Историческая христоматия церковнославянского и древнерусского языков»
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Linguistics and Language ,History ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Slavic studies ,Language and Linguistics ,Classics - Abstract
An analytical overview of the famous work by F. Buslaev “A Historical Anthology of Church Slavonic and Old Russian” is offered. The facts of its creation are given. The structure and the c...
- Published
- 2018
22. Diez, Meyer-Lübke, and Co. The Founding of Romance Linguistics
- Author
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Marcello Barbato
- Subjects
Literature ,business.industry ,Philosophy ,Etymology ,History of linguistics ,language ,business ,Language geography ,Romance ,language.human_language ,Onomasiology ,Vulgar Latin - Abstract
The study of Romance linguistics was born in the 19th-century German university, and like all linguistics of that era it is historical in nature. With respect to Indo-European and Germanic linguistics, a difference was immediately apparent: Unlike Indo-European and Common Germanic, Latin’s attestation is extensive in duration, as well as rich and varied: Romance linguists can thus make use of reconstruction as well as documentation. Friedrich Diez, author of the first historical grammar and first etymological dictionary on Romance languages, founded Romance linguistics. His studies singlehandedly constructed the foundations of the discipline. His teaching soon spread not only across German-speaking countries, but also into France and Italy. Subsequently, the most significant contributions came from two scholars trained in the Indo-European field: the German linguist Hugo Schuchardt, whose doctoral thesis studied with sharp theoretical awareness the passage from Latin to the Romance languages, and the Italian Graziadio Isaia Ascoli, who showed how the Romance panorama could be extraordinarily enriched by the analysis of nonstandard varieties. The discipline thus developed fully and radiated out. Great issues came to be debated: models of linguistic change (genealogical tree, wave), the possibility of distinguishing dialect groups, the relative weight of phonology, and semantics in lexical reconstruction. New disciplines such as linguistic geography were born, and new instruments like the linguistic atlas were forged. Romance linguistics thus became the avant-garde of general linguistics. Meanwhile, a new synthesis of the discipline had been created by a Swiss scholar, Wilhelm Meyer-Lübke, who published a historical grammar and an etymological dictionary of the Romance languages.
- Published
- 2021
23. De Santiago de Chile a Graz, Austria: la correspondencia entre Rodolfo Lenz y Hugo Schuchardt
- Author
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Johannes Mücke and Silvio Moreira de Sousa
- Subjects
Background information ,Historia de la lingüística ,Linguistics and Language ,History ,Literature and Literary Theory ,Philosophy ,Creole language ,History of linguistics ,Lenguas criollas ,Rodolfo Lenz ,Humanities ,Hugo Schuchardt ,Language and Linguistics - Abstract
espanolEsta contribucion es el producto del trabajo llevado adelante por los autores para el proyecto “Red de conocimiento” (financiado por el Fondo Austriaco para la Ciencia, FWF 2012-2016, proyecto numero P 24400-G15, elaborado, presentado y dirigido por Bernhard Hurch), de la Universidad de Graz, Austria. Si bien el proyecto financiado ya ha concluido, el trabajo en el archivo de Hugo Schuchardt continua (vease la pagina web del Hugo Schuchardt Archiv). Este articulo, resultante de la fusion de tres articulos relacionados con el proyecto, procura poner de manifiesto la importancia para la historiografia linguistica de estudiar los contactos entre estudiosos. La primera parte proporciona informacion acerca de Hugo Schuchardt (1842-1927) y Rodolfo Lenz (1863-1938), seguida de una breve introduccion al proyecto “Red de conocimiento” y el Archivo Hugo Schuchardt, asi como una breve contextualizacion historiografica (cf. Hurch 2009a, 2009b, 2009c). La segunda parte del articulo se ocupa del intercambio epistolar entre Lenz y Schuchardt. Aparte de una breve descripcion de la correspondencia dentro del Archivo Lenz, se aportan comentarios con respecto a las cartas y el acuerdo teorico entre ambos autores con respecto a las lenguas criollas. La tercera parte de esta contribucion contiene la transcripcion de la correspondencia entre Lenz y Schuchardt, junto con su traduccion al espanol, realizada por Juan Ennis. EnglishThis contribution is product of the work conducted by the authors for the Project “Network of Knowledge” (financed by the Austrian Science Fund FWF 2012-2016, project number P 24400-G15, elaborated, proposed and directed by Bernhard Hurch), at the University of Graz, Austria. Even though the financed project has already concluded, the working on the archive of Hugo Schuchardt continues (see the website Hugo Schuchardt Archiv). This paper, resulting of the fusion of three articles of both authors related to the project, intents to show the importance of studying the contacts between scholars for the history of linguistics. The first part gives some background information about Hugo Schuchardt (1842-1927) and Rodolfo Lenz (1863-1938), followed by a brief introduction of the project “Network of Knowledge” and the Hugo Schuchardt Archive and a short historiographical contexualization (cf. Hurch 2009a, 2009b, 2009c). The second part of the article deals with the letter exchange between Lenz and Schuchardt. Besides a short description of the correspondence inside the Archivo Lenz, comments will be made in regard to the letters and to the theoretical agreement between both authors in respect to the creole languages. The third part of this contribution contains the transcribed correspondence of Lenz and Schuchardt together with a translation into Spanish by Juan Ennis.
- Published
- 2020
24. Jean Dubois, un passeur
- Author
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Jacqueline Léon, HTL - Histoire des Théories Linguistiques - UMR 7597 (HTL), and Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)
- Subjects
American linguistics ,History of linguistics ,syntaxe ,NLP (Natural Language Processing) ,Harris ,linguistique américaine ,[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,Jakobson ,Françoise Dubois-Charlier ,histoire de la linguistique ,sémantique ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,syntax ,semantics ,Lexicon ,information theory ,TAL (Traitement Automatique des Langues) ,distributional and transformational grammars ,Philosophy ,analyse du discours ,analyse distributionnelle ,lexique ,théorie de l’information ,Humanities ,Jean Dubois ,grammaire distributionnelle et transformationnelle ,Discourse analysis ,distributional analysis - Abstract
International audience; In the French intellectual context of the early 1960s, where American linguistics, in particular its mathematization, is still largely unknown, Jean Dubois largely contributed to the introduction in France of Harris’s distributional analysis and discourse analysis, of information theory and generative grammar. In this article, we will examine how Jean Dubois’s early works in the 1960-70s contributed to this dissemination, and try to assess his role in the introduction of American linguistic theories in France. In this perspective, we will examine his PhD dissertation on the lexicon where distributional analysis was applied for the first time in France, his work inspired by Roman Jakobson's conception of information theory, finally his work on discourse analysis largely inspired by Zellig S. Harris; those works were supplemented by his intense activity of publishing translations of American works. In order to assess his role in the introduction of American linguistic theories in France, we will study the way in which his immediate disciples resumed or continued his work in the area of discourse analysis.; Dans le contexte intellectuel français du début des années 1960, où la linguistique américaine, en particulier sa mathématisation, est encore largement méconnue, Jean Dubois a largement contribué à l’introduction en France de l’analyse distributionnelle et de l’analyse de discours harrissiennes, de la théorie de l’information, enfin de la grammaire générative. Dans cet article, nous retracerons les premiers travaux de Jean Dubois des années 1960-70 ayant contribué à cette diffusion, en tentant d’évaluer son rôle en tant que passeur ou bien plus simplement de facilitateur. Dans cette perspective, nous examinerons sa thèse sur le lexique où l’analyse distributionnelle est appliquée pour la première fois en France, ses travaux inspirés des travaux de la conception de Roman Jakobson de la théorie de l’information, enfin ses travaux sur l’analyse de discours largement inspirés par ceux de Zellig S. Harris ; travaux alimentés et complétés par son important travail d’édition des traductions des travaux américains. Afin d’évaluer son rôle de passeur, nous étudierons la façon dont ses disciples immédiats ont repris ou poursuivi ses travaux dans le domaine de l’analyse de discours.
- Published
- 2020
25. An Historical Perspective of Spanish Essay in Three Studies on Communication (1967-2012)
- Author
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Xavier Laborda
- Subjects
Scientific paradigm ,050101 languages & linguistics ,Linguistics and Language ,ensayo ,philosophy ,Philosophy ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,essay ,050301 education ,history of linguistics ,filosofía ,Language and Linguistics ,Analytic philosophy ,Social interest ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,historia de la lingüística ,Comunicación ,0503 education ,Humanities ,Historical study - Abstract
espanolEl articulo realiza un estudio historico sobre la comunicacion en tres obras espanolas de divulgacion. Examina los ensayos La comunicacion humana (1967), de Jose Luis L. Aranguren; Tres ensayos sobre comunicacion (1982), de Antoni Remesar, Carles Riba y Jose Luis Rodriguez Illera; y Comunicacion y grupos sociales (2012), Maria Angels Viladot. Diferencia a cada una de estas obras, de notable calidad, la identidad de los autores y la epoca en que realizan su contribucion. En ellas se aprecia enfoques que van desde la filosofia del lenguaje, de Aranguren, al de de la psicologia social de caracter empirico, de Viladot, pasando por el antropologico de Remesar, Riba y Rodriguez. La lectura de estos ensayos aviva el recuerdo de fuentes determinantes en su momento, como la filosofia analitica de Wittgenstein, el pragmatismo de Austin, la comunicacion no verbal de Bateson y Hall –miembros del grupo de Palo Alto– y la teoria de la acomodacion en la comunicacion de H. Giles. El articulo concluye que el papel de la linguistica ha sido relevante en estos desarrollos, si bien su funcion inicial de paradigma cientifico ha cambiado por el de coadyuvante de estudios de interes social. EnglishThe article makes a historical study on communication in three Spanish works of popularization. Examines the essays by Jose Luis L. Aranguren, La comunicacion humana (Human Communication,1967); by Antoni Remesar, Carles Riba and Jose Luis Rodriguez Illera, Tres ensayos sobre comunicacion (Three essays on communication, 1982); and by Maria Angels Viladot, Comunicacion y grupos sociales (Communication and social groups, 2012). What distinguishes each of these works, of remarkable quality, is the identity of the authors and the time in which they make their contribution. In them we can appreciate approaches ranging from the philosophy of language, Aranguren, to empirical social psychology, Viladot, passing through the anthropological by Remesar, Riba and Rodriguez. The reading of these essays fuels the recollection of determining sources at that time, such as Wittgenstein’s analytical philosophy, Austin’s pragmatism, non-verbal communication by Bateson and Hall —members of the Palo Alto group— and the theory of accommodation in the communication by H. Giles. The paper concludes that the role of linguistics has been relevant in these developments, although its initial function of scientific paradigm has changed to that of collaborator in studies of social interest
- Published
- 2020
26. Las Tesis del 1929: algunas observaciones historiográficas
- Author
-
Petr Čermák
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Philosophy ,Structuralism ,History of linguistics ,Humanities ,Language and Linguistics - Abstract
Tomando como base la documentación del Fondo del Círculo Lingüístico de Praga, depositada en el Archivo de la Academia de Ciencias de la República Checa en Praga y desconocida en gran parte hasta fechas recientes, el artículo presta atención a las famosas Tesis de 1929, texto que influyó notablemente en el desarrollo de la lingüística. El artículo analiza dos temas principales: 1) el nacimiento del texto y su difusión posterior en el mundo; 2) algunos aspectos lingüísticos del texto, especialmente de su versión original francesa, y diversos problemas relacionados con la interpretación de ciertas ideas, fruto de una traducción inadecuada de algunos términos. El artículo muestra que, desgraciadamente, solo un lector familiarizado con el checo (o con las lenguas eslavas) puede entender cabalmente algunas de las ideas de las Tesis.
- Published
- 2018
27. Traditions, innovations, and connections in writing the history of linguistics
- Author
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Toon Van Hal
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,History ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics - Abstract
ispartof: Historiographia Linguistica vol:46 issue:3 pages:131-147 status: published
- Published
- 2019
28. The Influence of Hermann Paul’s Linguistic Ideas after the First Publication of Principien der Sprachgeschichte (1880)
- Author
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Beijia Chen
- Subjects
German ,Trace (semiology) ,Citation network ,Philosophy ,Indo-European languages ,language ,History of linguistics ,Historiography ,General Medicine ,Viewpoints ,language.human_language ,Linguistics ,Order (virtue) - Abstract
Hermann Paul (1846–1921) and his seminal workPrincipien der Sprachgeschichte(1st edn 1880; 5th edn 1920) have played a significant part in the history of linguistic ideas. Historiographical studies on Paul and his work are mainly conducted in the light of the second edition ofPrincipien(1886) by revealing the divergent and convergent viewpoints between Paul and other prominent scholars. In order to expand the current knowledge of Paul’s role in the discourse of his time, this paper will trace the influence of Paul’s linguistic ideas shortly after the first edition ofPrincipienby analyzing the citations of his works in the publications of contemporary scholars (the so-called ‘citation network’). Furthermore, evidence from scholarly correspondence, which exerted great influence on the development of linguistic ideas at an informal level, will shed light on Paul’s role from a different perspective. Within these two aspects, namely the citation network and the scholarly correspondence, we will reassess the influence of Paul’s linguistic ideas, especially in connection with the first edition ofPrincipien.
- Published
- 2018
29. ACADEMICIAN S.P. OBNORSKY: PERSONALITY OF THE SCIENTIST IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEMS AND DISCUSSIONS OF RUSSIAN LINGUISTICS (TO THE 130S ANNIVERSARY FROM BIRTHDAY)
- Subjects
Russian language ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Building and Construction ,Classics ,Lexicography - Abstract
The article analyzes the scientific heritage of an outstanding Russian linguist, academician S.P. Obnorsky (1888– 1962). The author paid attention not only to the well-known scholar works, but also presented a review of archival materials, telling about the discussions in Soviet linguistics of the 1930s. A significant place is given to the ideas by S.P. Obnorsky in the development of the history of the Russian language.
- Published
- 2018
30. August Schleicher and Materialism in 19th-Century Linguistics
- Author
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James McElvenny
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,History ,Philosophy of science ,Philosophy ,05 social sciences ,Linguistics ,Historiography ,06 humanities and the arts ,060202 literary studies ,050105 experimental psychology ,Language and Linguistics ,Politics ,0602 languages and literature ,FOS: Languages and literature ,History of linguistics ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Darwinism ,Materialism ,Personal experience ,Parallels - Abstract
SummaryTowards the end of his career, August Schleicher (1821–1868), the great consolidator of Indo-European historical-comparative linguistics in the mid-19th century, famously drew explicit parallels between linguistics and the new evolutionary theory of Darwinism. Based on this, it has become customary in linguistic historiography to refer to Schleicher’s ‘Darwinian’ theory of language, even though it has long been established that Schleicher’s views have other origins that pre-date his contact with Darwinism. For his contemporary critics in Germany, however, Schleicher’s thinking was an example not of Darwinism but of ‘materialism’. This article examines what ‘materialism’ meant in 19th-century Germany – its philosophical as well as its political dimensions – and looks at why Schleicher’s critics applied this label to him. It analyses the relevant aspects of Schleicher’s linguistics and philosophy of science and the criticisms directed against them by H. Steinthal (1823–1899). It then discusses the contemporary movement of scientific materialism and shows how Schleicher’s political views, social background and personal experiences bound him to this movement.
- Published
- 2018
31. Nieznany wiersz okolicznościowy orientalisty Tadeusza Kowalskiego
- Author
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Marek Stachowski
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Arabic ,Turkish ,turkologia ,Arabic studies ,Language and Linguistics ,Reflexive pronoun ,historia językoznawstwa ,arabistyka ,Oriental studies in Poland ,Literature ,Language. Linguistic theory. Comparative grammar ,P101-410 ,Turkic studies ,Poetry ,business.industry ,Communication ,Philosophy ,philology ,history of linguistics ,filologia ,language.human_language ,Philology ,orientalistyka polska ,language ,History of linguistics ,Orientalism ,business - Abstract
An Unknown Occasional Poem by Polish Orientalist Tadeusz KowalskiThe question whether Tadeusz Kowalski, the founder of the Oriental philological studies in Poland, should first of all be considered a Turcologist or an Arabist has been disputed many times thus far but no satisfactory answer could be given. A new-found short occasional poem by Kowalski sheds light on the matter because the author calls himself a Turk and he adduces two etymologically Arabic words in their Turkish guise.
- Published
- 2018
32. Eesti sõnamuutmise uurimise lühiülevaade
- Author
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Annika Viht
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Grammar ,Anthropology ,Philosophy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Inflection ,Theoretical linguistics ,History of linguistics ,Linguistics ,media_common - Published
- 2017
33. From ‘scientific revolution’ to ‘unscientific revolution’: an analysis of approaches to the history of generative linguistics
- Author
-
Kertész, András
- Subjects
- *
HISTORY of linguistics , *PHILOSOPHY , *TRENDS , *HISTORIOGRAPHY , *SURFACE structure (Linguistics) , *REVOLUTIONS , *LANGUAGE & history - Abstract
Abstract: This paper is devoted to the challenge that generative linguistics poses for linguistic historiography. As a first step, it presents a systematic overview of 19 approaches to the history of generative linguistics. Second, it analyzes the approaches overviewed by asking and answering the following questions: (a) To what extent and how are the views at issue biased? (b) What central topics do the approaches discuss, how successfully do they tackle them, and how do the various standpoints converge and diverge? (c) How do the approaches relate to general trends in the philosophy and history of science? The concluding step summarizes our findings with respect to Chomsky’s impact on linguistic historiography. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Points de vue sur l’énoncé et typologies propositionnelles dans la grammaire générale française (XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles)
- Author
-
Valérie Raby
- Subjects
060201 languages & linguistics ,Linguistics and Language ,Philosophy ,0602 languages and literature ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,History of linguistics ,Proposition ,06 humanities and the arts ,16. Peace & justice ,Humanities ,050203 business & management ,Language and Linguistics - Abstract
La grammaire generale francaise (xviie-xviiie siecles) a fait de l’enonce, sous l’espece propositionnelle, le niveau d’analyse pertinent pour tenter de fonder une theorie generale du langage et des langues. Le renouvellement des traditions d’analyse de l’enonce passe par une representation de la proposition comme objet pluridimensionnel, susceptible de plusieurs « points de vue », dont rendent compte les nombreuses typologies propositionnelles elaborees par les grammaires generales du xviiie siecle. Cette etude vise a eclairer les principes et conditions de developpement du motif interpretatif des points de vue sur la proposition ou la phrase, depuis sa premiere formulation dans la grammaire et la logique de Port-Royal jusqu’au debut du xixe siecle.
- Published
- 2017
35. Repères pour l’approche de l’énoncé dans les traditions linguistiques
- Author
-
Valérie Raby, Sarah de Vogüé, Jean-Patrick Guillaume, Hugo David, Jean-Luc Chevillard, and Jean Lallot
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Humanities ,Language and Linguistics - Abstract
Cette introduction collective rassemble les grands traits de l’histoire de la reflexion sur l’enonce dans cinq aires culturelles majeures pour l’elaboration des savoirs metalinguistiques : les traditions sanskrite, tamoule, grecque, latine, arabe et francaise. Il est evident que les cadres interpretatifs et les enjeux de connaissance mobilises par l’etude des sequences linguistiques percues comme porteuses de signification, superieures au mot, et formant une unite de la communication, different sensiblement selon les traditions et les periodes considerees. Cependant, on peut identifier plusieurs points de croisement de ces differentes lignes d’histoire, en envisageant successivement les lieux d’elaboration des savoirs sur l’enonce, les caracteristiques du metalangage utilise et la recurrence de certaines difficultes d’analyse.
- Published
- 2017
36. E. V. Vel’mezova. Istoriya lingvistiki v istorii literatury [The history of linguistics in the history of literature]. Moscow: Indrik, 2014. 416 p. ISBN 978-5-91674-302-9
- Author
-
Dmitri Sitchinava
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,History of literature ,Philosophy ,History of linguistics ,Language and Linguistics ,Classics - Published
- 2017
37. Reading paratexts in missionary linguistic works: an analysis of the preface to the Holy Ghost Fathers’ (1855)Dictionnaire français-wolof et wolof-français
- Author
-
Doyle Calhoun
- Subjects
060201 languages & linguistics ,Literature ,Linguistics and Language ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Philosophy ,French ,06 humanities and the arts ,Wolof ,Language and Linguistics ,language.human_language ,Linguistics ,Lexicography ,030507 speech-language pathology & audiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Literary theory ,Reading (process) ,0602 languages and literature ,Rhetorical question ,language ,History of linguistics ,Holy ghost ,0305 other medical science ,business ,media_common - Abstract
In this paper, I apply Gerard Genette’s (1987) concept of paratexts to an analysis of prefaces from different dictionary-grammars of Niger-Congo languages, written by French Catholic missionaries between the mid-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. My analysis focuses on the preface to the Dictionnaire francais-wolof et wolof-francais (Dakar: 1855), compiled by missionaries from the Congregation du St.-Esprit et du St.-Coeur de Marie, variously known in English as the Holy Ghost Fathers or Spiritans. I also provide diverse examples from contemporary and near-contemporary dictionary-grammars of other Niger-Congo languages, also compiled by French Spiritans. I investigate the extent to which these prefaces rely on or inflect the conventions, devices and rhetorical strategies of the original authorial preface, as identified by Genette.
- Published
- 2017
38. First codification of Vietnamese by 17th-century missionaries: the description of tones and the influence of Portuguese on Vietnamese orthography
- Author
-
Gonçalo Fernandes and Carlos Assunção
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,quốc ngữ ,tonkinois ,annamite ,vietnamien ,linguistique missionnaire ,histoire de la linguistique ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Vietnamese ,Digraph ,Art ,National language ,Quốc ngữ ,Tonkinese ,Annamese ,missionary linguistics ,history of linguistics ,Language and Linguistics ,language.human_language ,Linguistics ,Romanization ,Philosophy ,Service (economics) ,language ,Linguistic description ,Portuguese ,Orthography ,media_common - Abstract
We analyse the importance of the generation of Jesuit pioneer missionaries at the service of the Portuguese Patronage for the implementation of quốc ngữ [ national language] in present-day Vietnam and the linguistic description of the tonology of Annamese or Tonkinese (former names of Vietnamese). We analyse, in particular, the manuscript Manuductio ad Linguam Tunckinensem (ca. 1745 [ ante 1623]) by Francisco de Pina, S. J. (1585/ 1586– 1625), and the Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum and the grammatical treatise Linguae Annamiticae seu Tunchinensis Brevis Declaratio (Rome 1651) by Alexandre de Rhodes, S. J. (1593– 1660). We corroborate that Pina was indeed the first to use the Romanization system of Tonkinese, and we establish that he was also the first to describe its six tones in detail. Rhodes expanded Pina’s knowledge, which is particularly explicit in the description of Tonkinese tonology. We also explain that Rhodes used lost manuscript dictionaries written by Gaspar do Amaral, S. J. (1594– 1646) and António Barbosa, S. J. (1594– 1647), which is evident mainly in the use of the “ Portuguese” digraph < nh> to represent the phoneme /ɲ/., Nous analysons l’importance de la génération des missionnaires jésuites pionniers au service du patronage portugais dans l’implémentation du quốc ngữ [ langue nationale] dans l’actuel Vietnam et la description linguistique de la tonologie de la langue annamite ou tonkinoise (anciens noms du vietnamien). Nous étudions, en particulier, le manuscrit Manuductio ad Linguam Tunckinensem (ca. 1745 [ avant 1623]) de Francisco de Pina, S. J. (1585 / 1586-1625), et le Dictionarium Annamiticum Lusitanum et Latinum et le traité grammatical Annamiticae seu Tunchinensis Brevis Declaratio (Rome 1651) de Alexandre de Rhodes, S. J. (1593-1660). Nous affirmons que Pina fut, en effet, le premier à utiliser le système de romanisation du Tonkinois, et nous confirmons qu’il fut aussi le premier à décrire en détail ses six tons. Rhodes a approfondi le savoir de Pina, qui est particulièrement explicite dans la description de la tonologie tonkinoise. Nous démontrons aussi que Rhodes a utilisé les dictionnaires manuscrits disparus de Gaspar do Amaral, S. J. (1594-1646) et António Barbosa, S. J. (1594-1647), qui sont d’une importance capitale dans l’utilisation de l’archigraphème «portugais » pour représenter le phonème /ɲ/., Fernandes Gonçalo,Assunção Carlos. First codification of Vietnamese by 17th-century missionaries: the description of tones and the influence of Portuguese on Vietnamese orthography. In: Histoire Épistémologie Langage, tome 39, fascicule 1, 2017. Les langues en danger : un observatoire pertinent pour les théories linguistiques ? pp. 155-176.
- Published
- 2017
39. Drawing Syntax before Syntactic Trees
- Author
-
Nicolas Mazziotta
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,History ,Dependency (UML) ,Philosophy ,English grammar ,Diagram ,History of linguistics ,Phrase structure rules ,Word grammar ,Syntax ,Language and Linguistics ,Sentence ,Linguistics - Abstract
Summary This contribution investigates the syntactic conceptions of, and the diagramming system introduced by, the American grammarian Stephen Watkins Clark (1810–1901), who introduced the first comprehensive syntactic diagramming system. The structure of the English sentence is illustrated by agglutinated ‘bubbles’ expressing the relations between words by the means of their relative position. The sentence consists of two or three horizontally aligned bubbles containing words that are called principal elements. These principal elements can be complemented with adjunct elements, that appear in bubbles attached below them. For grammatical words the conventions differ depending on whether the grammatical word is a preposition or a conjunction. Coordination is never named as such, but there is an orthogonal abstract relation that connects elements performing the same role in a “compound” construction. The system allows recursivity in two different ways: by wrapping bubbles into other bubbles, thus following a mereological logic (i.e., partwhole relations) close to IC analysis or by hierarchically aggregating bubbles that resemble dependency trees. Clark’s conceptions thus prefigure modern graphical formalizations.
- Published
- 2016
40. The Emergence of the Syntactic Concept of Phrase in Comenius
- Author
-
Renato Oniga
- Subjects
Comenius ,History of linguistics ,Linguistics and Language ,History ,Phrase ,Philosophy ,Phrasis, History of linguistics, Comenius ,Phrasis ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics - Abstract
Summary We owe the emergence of the linguistic idea of phrase to Jan Amos Comenius (1592–1670), in his Grammatica Latino-vernacula (Leszno 1649). He proposes to use the stylistic term ‘phrasis’ with a new linguistic meaning, in order to indicate a group of words arranged in a hierarchical structure, which is an intermediate syntactic unit between the word and the sentence. This idea allows us to back-date by a century the discovery of “groups of words”, which is usually ascribed to Gabriel Girard (1677–1774) in 1747.
- Published
- 2016
41. Savoirs orientalistes et savoirs brahmaniques : une généalogie indo-européenne de la grammaire comparée
- Author
-
Gildas Salmon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Literature and Literary Theory ,Visual Arts and Performing Arts ,Philosophy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,[SHS.PHIL]Humanities and Social Sciences/Philosophy ,Empire ,Context (language use) ,[SHS.RELIG]Humanities and Social Sciences/Religions ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,Hybridity ,Classical antiquity ,History of linguistics ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,Humanities ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,media_common - Abstract
EnglishBecause it is devoid of any demonstration, William Jones’discovery of the relationship between the different Indo-European languages constitutes an enigma for the history of linguistics and other sciences of language. The discrepancy between results which seem to anticipate on 19th century comparative grammar and an apparently archaic conceptual construction which aims to tack on the confirmation of the tale from Genesis to the concepts inherited from the grammar of the Classical age by linking the Hindus to Noah’s descendance can only be explained by the incorporation, by the English orientalists, of techniques of morphological analysis from Indian grammar. In order to understand the historical conditions that made such an epistemological hybridity possible, a hybridity that also needs to be understood as a confrontation between Christianity and Brahmanical knowledge, this paper compares the two systems which provided the context for the production of knowledge about the societies and the religions of India during the 17th and 18th centuries : Christian missions and the British colonial Empire francaisParce qu’elle ne s’accompagne d’aucune demonstration, la decouverte de la parente des langues indo-europeennes par William Jones demeure pour l’histoire des sciences du langage une enigme. Le decalage entre des resultats qui semblent anticiper sur la grammaire comparee du XIXe siecle, et un cadre conceptuel d’apparence archaique qui, a l’heritage de la grammaire generale de l’âge classique mele l’ambition de confirmer le recit de la Genese en rattachant les Hindous a la descendance de Noe, ne peut s’expliquer que par l’incorporation, par les orientalistes anglais, de techniques d’analyse morphologique empruntees a la grammaire indienne. Afin d’eclairer les conditions historiques de possibilite de cette hybridation epistemique, qui doit aussi etre comprise comme une confrontation du christianisme avec les savoirs brahmaniques, cet article esquisse une comparaison des principaux deux dispositifs qui ont encadre la production des savoirs europeens sur les societes et les religions de l’Inde aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles : les missions et l’empire colonial britannique
- Published
- 2019
42. Compléments à la correspondance Jakobson - Lévi-Strauss
- Author
-
Testenoire Pierre-Yves, HTL - Histoire des Théories Linguistiques - UMR 7597 (HTL), and Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
History of linguistics ,business.industry ,National library ,Philosophy ,Special collections ,History of structuralism ,Linguistics ,[SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences ,Claude Lévi-Strauss ,Publishing ,Anthropology ,Structuralism ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,business ,Classics ,General Environmental Science ,Roman Jakobson - Abstract
International audience; Roman Jakobson and Claude Lévi-Strauss met in New York in 1942 and soon started a collaboration and a written correspondence that went on as long as 1982. Both the National Library of France and the Institute Archives and Special Collections of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology keep the correponding letters, about 160 of which were published in 2018. This paper aims at publishing thirty-four new letters that are presented in their respective contexts. These unpublished exchanges bring new insights into Jakobson and Lévi-Strauss' works and collaboration.
- Published
- 2019
43. Phraseological theory in Pompeu Fabra’s Gramàtica catalana (1956)
- Author
-
Jordi Ginebra
- Subjects
Philosophy ,Fraseologia ,Phraseology ,Compounding ,Multiword Units ,Composició ,Unitats pluriverbals ,Història de la lingüística ,Gramàtica catalana ,Catalan Grammar ,History of linguistics ,Pompeu Fabra ,Filología Catalana ,Humanities ,History of Linguistics - Abstract
En aquest treball, per mitjà de l’anàlisi de Gramàtica catalana (1956), es fa una contribució a l’estudi de l’obra de Pompeu Fabra, a l’estudi de la història de la lingüística catalana i a l’estudi de la història de la fraseologia. La descripció de les unitats fraseològiques que ofereix la Gramàtica s’emmarca, d’una banda, en l’àmbit de la composició i, de l’altra, es presenta conceptualment i terminològicament seguint la tradició gramatical. Cal destacar que l’obra conté un material fraseològic ric, amb mostres de gairebé totes les estructures formals que poden presentar les locucions en català, i que Fabra, amb les explicacions relatives al que anomena «conjunts sintetitzats», mostra haver copsat el pinyol conceptual de les unitats pluriverbals lexicalitzades. In this paper, through the analysis of Gramàtica catalana (1956), I make a contribution to the study of the work of Pompeu Fabra, to the study of the history of Catalan Linguistics, and to the study of the history of Phraseology. On the one hand, Fabra’s grammar describes idioms in the frame of lexical compounding and, on the other, he follows in his descriptions the grammatical tradition. It should be noted that the work contains a rich phraseological material, with samples of almost all the formal structures that can be found in Catalan idioms, which Fabra, with his explanations on what he calls «synthesized sets», shows to have captured the conceptual essence of lexicalized multiword units.
- Published
- 2019
44. Introduction
- Author
-
Audring Jenny, Francesca Masini, J. Audring, F. Masini, Jenny Audring, and Francesca Masini
- Subjects
morphological units ,morphological theory ,lexicalism ,word-based ,history of linguistic ,Philosophy ,morphophonology ,morpheme-based ,Morphophonology ,Morphology (biology) ,Linguistics ,morphology ,History of linguistics ,morphosyntax - Abstract
This opening chapter provides an overview of the aims, structure, and contents of the volume. It ties together the individual chapters by identifying common themes that run through the various theories of morphology presented in the volume. These are the place of morphology in the architecture of language, the degree to which it is independent from other components of the grammar, the basic units of morphological analysis, and the relation between morphology on the one hand and syntax, semantics, phonology, and the lexicon on the other. A brief summary of the literature on types of morphological theories helps the reader to become oriented to the landscape of frameworks. The chapter closes with an overview of the three parts of the volume and the individual chapters in each part.
- Published
- 2018
45. The concept of 'dead language' as exemplified by Hebrew
- Author
-
Sonya Yampolskaya
- Subjects
Literature ,History ,Literature and Literary Theory ,Hebrew ,business.industry ,Philosophy ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Yiddish ,Diglossia ,Language and Linguistics ,language.human_language ,Linguistics ,Political Science and International Relations ,language ,History of linguistics ,business - Published
- 2016
46. The 'Stranger' and the Grammarian: When Early English Grammarians Reached Out
- Author
-
Henri Le Prieult
- Subjects
lcsh:English language ,seventeenth century ,language and national identity ,representation ,Philosophy ,history of linguistics ,General Medicine ,Representation (arts) ,migration ,Grammarian ,foreignness ,History of linguistics ,lcsh:PE1-3729 ,early English grammar ,Humanities - Abstract
L'étude des premières grammaires de l'anglais, si elle souhaite retrouver un nouveau souffle, pourra gagner à s'intéresser aux dimensions historiques et socio-politiques de l'émergence d'une pensée métalinguistique portant sur les langues vernaculaires d'Europe à la Renaissance. La dimension diplomatique de ces textes est réelle et permet d'illustrer un aspect méconnu de la grammaire des langues naturelles : comment le grammairien comprend-il le rapport de la langue qu'il décrit vis-à-vis de la tradition dont il hérite ? Comment place-t-il le langage qu'il porte à la connaissance du monde en relation aux autres langues ? Comment l'idée de nation, le rapport à l'étranger se déclinent-ils dans le discours grammatical ? A travers quelques exemples, dont celui de la toute première grammaire de l'anglais en anglais (1586), cet article souhaite apporter un éclairage inédit sur le discours grammatical au XVIème siècle.
- Published
- 2015
47. Structure, mentalité, société, civilisation : les quatre linguistiques d’Antoine Meillet
- Author
-
John E. Joseph
- Subjects
lcsh:Social Sciences ,lcsh:H ,050101 languages & linguistics ,060101 anthropology ,Philosophy ,05 social sciences ,Structuralism ,History of linguistics ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,0601 history and archaeology ,06 humanities and the arts ,General Medicine ,Humanities - Abstract
Aujourd’hui le nom d’Antoine Meillet (1866-1936) rappelle surtout ses manuels de linguistique comparée des langues indo-européennes, ses études slaves et arméniennes, et sa présidence d’une « école de Paris » où seraient formés les grands linguistes de la génération suivante. Pourtant il ne faut pas oublier l’importance de ses contributions à la linguistique synchronique, y compris l’analyse de la langue française. Sa conception originale de la « grammaticalisation » dans un article de 1912, où il tire ses exemples clés du français, a démontré l’impossibilité d’une stricte séparation entre les catégories analytiques, et plus généralement entre la synchronie et la diachronie. Dans d’autres ouvrages il prétend qu’un Français conçoit un objet différemment de la façon dont un ancien Romain le concevait, à cause de la structure des grammaires latine et française ; que le passage de vocables d’un genre spécifique (tel l’argot des marins) à l’usage général est le principal moteur de l’évolution sociale d’une langue, et qu’il y a une hiérarchie quasi-féodale entre les mots selon leur origine ; qu’il n’existe en Europe que quatre « langues de civilisations », face auxquelles les autres langues seraient destinées à disparaître. Bien que Meillet ait joué un rôle cardinal dans le développement du structuralisme linguistique de la première moitié du XXe siècle, il a gardé ses distances avec le mouvement, et cette réserve, léguée à ses étudiants (à quelques exceptions près), clarifie certains aspects du caractère particulier de la linguistique française.
- Published
- 2020
48. Saussure and Sechehaye: Myth and Genius
- Author
-
Pieter Seuren
- Subjects
Literature ,business.industry ,Philosophy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,History of linguistics ,Mythology ,Semantics ,business ,Intellectual history ,Genius ,media_common - Published
- 2018
49. Ewolucja metodologii składni polskiej. Refleksje po 30 latach od wydania GWJPS
- Author
-
Maciej Grochowski
- Subjects
semantyka ,Grammar ,Notice ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Philosophy ,współczesny język polski ,history of linguistics ,Semantics ,Syntax ,Linguistics ,gramatyka ,metodologia językoznawstwa ,contemporary Polish language ,historia językoznawstwa ,składnia ,History of linguistics ,grammar ,syntax ,semantics ,methodology of linguistics ,media_common - Abstract
The paper discusses the place and role of the GWJPS (1984) in the history of the Polish syntax methodology in the 20th and the 21st centuries. The article consists of four chapters, not counting the introduction. In chapter 1 the situation in linguistics in Poland in the 1970s and 1980s is presented. Chapter 2 contains a review of the most important, according to the author’s ten criteria, differences in methodology between the GWJPS and the earlier handbooks of Polish syntax in the 20th century. In chapter 3 weak points of the GWJPS which are easy to notice after thirty years are described. The last chapter presents theoretical assumptions and postulates concerning a new handbook of the Polish syntax. Artykuł omawia miejsce i rolę GWJPS (1984) w historii metodologii składni polskiej w XX i XXI wieku. Praca składa się z czterech rozdziałów, nie licząc wstępu. W rozdziale 1 jest przedstawiona sytuacja w językoznawstwie w Polsce w latach 70. i 80. XX wieku. Rozdział 2 zawiera przegląd najistotniejszych różnic w zakresie metodologii, według dziesięciu autorskich kryteriów, między GWJPS a wcześniejszymi podręcznikami składni polskiej w XX wieku. W rozdziale 3 omawiane są słabe strony GWJPS , które łatwo wykryć po trzydziestu latach. Ostatni rozdział przedstawia założenia teoretyczne i postulaty dotyczące nowego podręcznika składni polskiej.
- Published
- 2018
50. Faut-il réutiliser les concepts linguistiques du passé ? Un regard rétrospectif sur le prédicat
- Author
-
Bernard Colombat
- Subjects
syntaxe ,Philosophy ,history of linguistics ,Predicate (grammar) ,predicate ,prédicat ,History of linguistics ,sujet ,histoire de la linguistique ,Humanities ,parties du discours ,syntax ,parts of speech ,subject - Abstract
Cet article a pour objet d’étudier l’histoire de la notion de prédicat, et surtout son absence pendant de longs siècles dans la tradition grammaticale occidentale. En effet, alors qu’Aristote fournissait les éléments nécessaires à une opposition entre « ce qu’on pose dessous », sujet ou substrat (hupokeimenon), et « ce qu’on en dit » (kategorêma), les grammairiens, à la différence des logiciens, ont longtemps privilégié une analyse des relations qu’entretiennent les classes de mots distinguées par leurs « accidents » ou propriétés spécifiques. Les grammairiens médiévaux ont néanmoins éprouvé le besoin de réintroduire l’opposition ancienne sous la forme suppositum (suppôt) vs appositum (appôt), mais la définition de ce dernier ne s’est pas stabilisée, puisque l’appôt a pu désigner soit le verbe soit le nom qui suit le verbe. Port-Royal a proposé une analyse de la proposition en sujet vs attribut joints par une « liaison » constitué par le « verbe substantif » (le verbe être) considéré comme la matrice de tous les verbes. Au XXe siècle, ce sont des linguistes comme C. Bally ou C.-A. Sechehaye qui ont revendiqué que la phrase de base devait être analysée en sujet et prédicat. The purpose of this article is to study the history of the notion of predicate, and especially its absence for many centuries from the Western grammatical tradition. While Aristotle provided the elements necessary for an opposition between "what one puts underneath", subject or substrate (hupokeimenon), and "what one says about it" (kategorema), grammarians, unlike the logicians, for a long time privileged an analysis of the relations between the word classes distinguished by their "accidents" or specific properties. Medieval grammarians nevertheless felt the need to reintroduce the old opposition between suppositum and appositum, but the definition of the latter did not become fixed, since the appositum could designate either the verb or the noun following the verb. Port-Royal proposed an analysis of the proposition into subject vs. attribute joined by a "liaison" (link) constituted by the verb to be ("substantive verb"), considered as the matrix of all verbs. In the 20th century, it was linguists such as C. Bally or C.-A. Sechehaye who claimed that the basic sentence should be analyzed into subject and predicate.
- Published
- 2017
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