1. A phase 1 trial of the histone deacetylase inhibitor AR-42 in patients with neurofibromatosis type 2-associated tumors and advanced solid malignancies.
- Author
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Collier KA, Valencia H, Newton H, Hade EM, Sborov DW, Cavaliere R, Poi M, Phelps MA, Liva SG, Coss CC, Wang J, Khountham S, Monk P, Shapiro CL, Piekarz R, Hofmeister CC, Welling DB, and Mortazavi A
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Maximum Tolerated Dose, Middle Aged, Neoplasms mortality, Neurofibromatosis 2 mortality, Phenylbutyrates adverse effects, Phenylbutyrates pharmacokinetics, Young Adult, Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Neoplasms drug therapy, Neurofibromatosis 2 drug therapy, Phenylbutyrates therapeutic use
- Abstract
Purpose: Given clinical activity of AR-42, an oral histone deacetylase inhibitor, in hematologic malignancies and preclinical activity in solid tumors, this phase 1 trial investigated the safety and tolerability of AR-42 in patients with advanced solid tumors, including neurofibromatosis type 2-associated meningiomas and schwannomas (NF2). The primary objective was to define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). Secondary objectives included determining pharmacokinetics and clinical activity., Methods: This phase I trial was an open-label, single-center, dose-escalation study of single-agent AR-42 in primary central nervous system and advanced solid tumors. The study followed a 3 + 3 design with an expansion cohort at the MTD., Results: Seventeen patients were enrolled with NF2 (n = 5), urothelial carcinoma (n = 3), breast cancer (n = 2), non-NF2-related meningioma (n = 2), carcinoma of unknown primary (n = 2), small cell lung cancer (n = 1), Sertoli cell carcinoma (n = 1), and uveal melanoma (n = 1). The recommended phase II dose is 60 mg three times weekly, for 3 weeks of a 28-day cycle. DLTs included grade 3 thrombocytopenia and grade 4 psychosis. The most common treatment-related adverse events were cytopenias, fatigue, and nausea. The best response was stable disease in 53% of patients (95% CI 26.6-78.7). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.6 months (95% CI 1.2-9.1). Among evaluable patients with NF2 or meningioma (n = 5), median PFS was 9.1 months (95% CI 1.9-not reached)., Conclusion: Single-agent AR-42 is safe and well tolerated. Further studies may consider AR-42 in a larger cohort of patients with NF2 or in combination with other agents in advanced solid tumors., Trial Registration: NCT01129193, registered 5/24/2010.
- Published
- 2021
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