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Three isothermal sections of the Ni–Fe–Zr ternary system at 1000, 1100, and 1200 °C were experimentally determined using equilibrated ternary alloys. No ternary compound is found in this system. The obtained experimental results show that among three isothermal sections, the (γFe, Ni) phase region extends from the Ni-rich corner to the Fe-rich corner, and the solubility of Zr in the (γFe, Ni) phase is small. The phase equilibrium at 1100 °C is similar to that at 1000 °C. The Ni5Zr, Ni10Zr7, and Fe2Zr phases have solid solution composition ranges, but the Ni7Zr2, Ni21Zr8, NiZr, NiZr2, and Fe23Zr6 phases almost exhibit nearly linear compounds both at 1000 and 1100 °C. The solubilities of Fe in Ni7Zr2 phase and Ni in Fe2Zr phase are extremely large. At 1200 °C, the liquid phase of Zr-rich corner forms the continuous region from the Ni–Zr side to the Fe–Zr side. Additionally, the solubilities of Fe in Ni5Zr, NiZr phases and Ni in Fe23Zr6 phase clearly increase with increasing temperature to 1200 °C. The obtained results may provide a better understanding of microstructures and further development of the Ni–Fe–Zr alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The microstructures and the phase equilibria of the equilibrated Co–V–Ta ternary alloys have been investigated. Moreover, four isothermal sections of the Co–V–Ta ternary system at 1300, 1200, 1100 and 900 °C are experimentally established. The corresponding results are summarized as follows: (1) the C14 phase with a large solubility of Co is observed both at 1300 and 1200 °C, while it forms a ternary single phase region at 1100 and 900 °C; (2) the C36 phase, containing a large solubility of V, is identified at 1300, 1200 and 1100 °C, while it exists as a ternary single phase region at 900 °C; (3) Co is in favor of stabilizing the C14 phase against low-temperature, while V plays an analogous influence on the C36 phase; (4) the solubility of Ta in σ-Co 2 V 3 phase decreases by a small amount as the temperature decreases from 1300 to 900 °C. In addition, the experimental information obtained in the present work is not only essential for the thermodynamic assessment of the Co–V–Ta ternary system, but also important for the development of the Co-base alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase equilibria in the Co–V–Mn ternary system, the magnetic properties and the phase stability of the new ternary intermetallic compound Co 2 VMn were investigated by means of electron probe microanalyzer, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and the vibrating sample magnetometer. Four isothermal sections of the Co–V–Mn ternary system at 1073 K, 1273 K, 1373 K and 1473 K were experimentally established, and a new ternary intermetallic compound named Co 2 VMn was found in the Co–V–Mn system. The Curie temperature of the Co 2 VMn phase was found to be about 670 K. In addition, the saturation magnetization at room temperature for alloy with B2 structure was measured to be about 145.1 emu/g, while the coercivity was about 2.8 Oe. The newly determined phase equilibria in this system will provide important information for the development of the Co-based functional materials and for the thermodynamic assessment of the Co–V–Mn ternary system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase equilibria in the Co–Ti–V ternary system have been investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties were measured by compressive tests. Four isothermal sections of the Co–Ti–V ternary system at 800 °C, 1000 °C, 1100 °C and 1200 °C were experimentally established. The results show that: (1) there is no ternary compound in this system; (2) the CoTi2 phase and Co3Ti phase stabilized by the V addition; (3) a large solubility of Ti in the σ-Co2V3 phase was observed at all isothermal sections of 800 °C, 1000 °C, 1100 °C and 1200 °C; (4) The alloy with the distribution of fine cuboidal Co3Ti (L12) in (αCo) phase was observed. (5) The compressive strength of Co77.29Ti5.83V16.88 (at.%) alloy at room temperature was measured to be about 1985 MPa. The newly determined phase equilibria in this system will provide useful information for the development of Co-based and Ti-based materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase equilibria of the Ni–Hf–Si ternary system at 1000 °C and 1100 °C have been experimentally investigated by back-scattered electron (BSE), electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) on the equilibrated alloys. In the present study, two isothermal sections were determined by a series alloys consisted of binary phases, ternary compounds or solid solutions. Four ternary compounds (τ1, τ2, τ3, τ4) were identified in these isothermal sections, and one new phase named τ9 (Ni9Hf19Si22) was firstly observed both at 1000 °C and 1100 °C. The newly determined phase equilibria in this system will provide useful information for the thermodynamic assessment and compositional design of Ni-based alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Two isothermal sections of the Co–Si–Zr system were experimentally determined. [•] The compositions of two ternary compounds (Zr5Co8Si9 and Zr4Co4Si7) were confirmed. [•] The solubility of Si in the Co23Zr6 phase at 1273K is large (about 27.5at.%). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We investigated the phase equilibria in the Cu-Ni-Sb ternary system at 800°C, 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C using equilibrated ternary alloys by optical microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction analysis. Based on the experimental phase equilibria data, the Cu-Ni-Sb ternary system was thermodynamically optimized by calculating phase diagrams using the CALPHAD method. Substitutional solution and sublattice models were used to describe the solution and intermediate phases, respectively. The self-consistent parameters describing the Gibbs energy of each phase in the Cu-Ni-Sb system were optimized, obtaining reasonable agreement between the calculated results and most of the experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The thermodynamic assessments of the Au–Th and As–U binary systems were carried out using the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagram) method based on experimental data for phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, bcc, fcc, rhombohedral, (αU) and (βU) phases were described by the subregular solution model, and those of the intermetallic compounds (Au51Th14, Au2Th, Au4Th3, AuTh, Au2Th3 AuTh2, AsU, As4U3 and As2U) were described by the two-sublattice model. A set of thermodynamic parameters leading to reasonable agreement between the present calculated results and experimental data have been obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: By using the Calculation of Phase Diagrams (CALPHAD) technique, the thermodynamic assessments of the B–Re (Re: Ce, Pr) binary system were carried out based on the experimental data including thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. Gibbs free energies of the solution phases (liquid, fcc, bcc, dhcp) were modeled by the subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister equation, and those of the intermediate compounds (B4Ce, B6Ce, B5Pr2, B4Pr, B6Pr) were described by the two-sublattice model. A consistent set of thermodynamic parameters leading to reasonable agreement between the present calculated results and experimental data was obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The phase equilibria of Zr–Cu–Al ternary system at 1273 K and 1373 K have been experimentally determined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA). A new phase named τ10 was first found at 1373 K. The established isothermal sections are characterized by a series of ternary compounds and solid solutions. The newly determined phase equilibria in this system will provide important information for the development of Zr–Cu–Al base bulk metallic glasses. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The phase equilibria in the Fe–Nb–Ti ternary system at 1000°C, 1100°C and 1200°C have been experimentally investigated on ternary equilibrated alloys by means of optical microscopy (OM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The Fe–Ti binary system was reassessed and the Fe–Nb–Ti ternary system was thermodynamically optimized using the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method. The obtained self-consistent parameters describing the Gibbs energy of each phase in the Fe–Ti and Fe–Nb–Ti systems lead good agreement between the calculated results and most of experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The phase equilibria in the Co–Fe–Zr ternary system were investigated by means of optical microscopy (OM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) on equilibrated ternary alloys. Four isothermal sections of the Co–Fe–Zr ternary system at 1300°C, 1200°C, 1100°C and 1000°C were experimentally established. The experimental results indicate that (1) no ternary compound was found in this system; (2) the solubility of Fe in the liquid phase of the Co-rich corner at 1300°C is extremely large; (3) the liquid phase in the Zr-rich corner and the (Co,Fe)2Zr phase form the continuous solid solutions from the Co–Zr side to the Fe–Zr side; (4) the solubility of Zr in the fcc (Co, Fe) phase is extremely small. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal sections of the Co–Nb–Ta ternary system at 900°C, 1000°C, 1100°C, 1200°C, 1300°C have been experimentally determined by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques on the equilibrated alloys. On the basis of the experimental data investigated in the present work, the phase equilibria in the Co–Nb–Ta system has been thermodynamically assessed by using CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method, and a consistent set of the thermodynamic parameters leading to reasonable agreement between the calculated results and experimental data was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: By using the calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) method, the thermodynamic assessments of the Bi–Nd and Bi–Tm systems were carried out based on the available experimental data including thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. Gibbs free energies of the liquid, hcp, bcc, dhcp and rho phases in the Bi–Nd and Bi–Tm systems were modeled by the subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister formula, and those of the intermetallic compounds (BiNd2, Bi3Nd5, Bi3Nd4, BiNd, Bi2Nd, BiTm and Bi3Tm5 compounds) in these two binary systems were described by the two-sublattice model. An agreement between the present calculated results and experimental data was obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The thermodynamic assessment of the Mg–Pu and Cu–Pu systems was carried out by using the calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) method on the basis of experimental data including thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, fcc, hcp, αPu, βPu, γPu, δPu, δ′Pu, and εPu phases were described by the subregular solution model with a Redlich–Kister equation, and those of the intermetallic compounds in the Mg–Pu and Cu–Pu binary systems were described by the sublattice model. A consistent set of thermodynamic parameters were derived for describing the Gibbs free energies of solution phases and intermetallic compounds in the Mg–Pu and Cu–Pu binary systems. An agreement between the calculated results and experimental data is obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The isothermal sections in the Co–Mo–W ternary system at 600 °C, 800 °C, 1000 °C, 1100 °C, 1200 °C and 1300 °C have been determined using the Electron probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. A thermodynamic assessment of the Co–Mo–W ternary system was carried out by the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid and solution phases were described by the subregular solution models, and those of intermetallic compounds were described by the sublattice model. A consistent set of thermodynamic parameters has been derived for describing the Gibbs free energies of each solution phase and intermetallic compound in the Co–Mo–W ternary system. The calculated phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties in the Co–Mo–W ternary system are in good agreement with experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The Co–Er and V–Er binary systems have been thermodynamically assessed by using the CALPHAD (calculation of phase diagrams) approach on the basis of the experimental data including the thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. Gibbs free energies of the solution phases (liquid, fcc, bcc and hcp) were modeled by the subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister formula, and those of the intermetallic compounds (Co17Er2, Co5Er, Co7Er2, Co3Er, Co2Er, Co7Er12 and CoEr3) were described by the sublattice model. A proper set of the thermodynamic parameters has been derived for describing the Gibbs free energies of each phase in the Co–Er and V–Er systems. An agreement between the calculated results and experimental data is obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: By using the calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) method, the thermodynamic assessments of the Dy–Mn and Mn–Pr systems were carried out based on the experimental data including thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. Gibbs free energies of the solution phases (liquid, bcc, fcc, hcp, dhcp, cbcc_A12 and cub_A13) were modeled by the subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister formula, and those of the intermetallic compounds were described by the sublattice model. An agreement between the present calculated results and experimental data is obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The phase equilibria of the Cr-Re-Ru ternary system at 1100 °C and 1200 °C have been experimentally investigated using electron probe microanalyzer and X-ray diffraction. The σ 1 -Cr 2 Re 3 and σ 2 -Cr 2 Ru phases with the same D8 b crystal structure do not form a continuous intermetallic compound phase at 1100 °C and 1200 °C in the Cr-Re-Ru ternary system confirmed by experimental results. According to the experimental results in this work, the Cr-Re-Ru ternary system has been assessed by means of the CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method. The calculated isothermal section at 1400 °C shows that the two independent phases σ 1 -Cr 2 Re 3 and σ 2 -Cr 2 Ru are replaced by the continuous intermetallic compound σ. The current established thermodynamic database of the Cr-Re-Ru ternary system may provide the essential information, and support for the thermodynamic assessment of multicomponent system and the development of Ni-based superalloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Based on the experimental data including thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria, thermodynamic assessments of the In–Eu and In–Yb binary systems have been carried out by using the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method. The Gibbs free energies of the solution phases (liquid, fcc, bcc and tetragonal_A6) were described by subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister equation. The intermetallic compounds, except the InYb phase, were treated as stoichiometric phases, and the InYb phase was described using the sublattice model. A consistent set of thermodynamic parameters has been derived for describing the Gibbs free energy of each solution phase and intermetallic compound in the In–Eu and In–Yb systems. A good agreement between the calculated results and the experimental data in the In–Eu and In–Yb systems is obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The thermodynamic assessments of the Pb–U and Pb–Pu binary systems were carried out using the CALPHAD (calculation of phase diagrams) method based on experimental data for thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, bcc, fcc, (αU), (βU), (δ′Pu), (γPu), (βPu) and (αPu) phases were described by a subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister equation, and those of the intermetallic compounds (Pb3U, PbU, PbPu3, Pb3Pu5, Pb4Pu5, Pb5Pu4, αPb2Pu, βPb2Pu and Pb3Pu) by a two-sublattice model. The thermodynamic parameters for the two binary systems were optimized to consistently reproduce the available experimental data with satisfactory agreement. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Phase equilibria in the Cu–Cr–Nb and Cu–Cr–Co systems were, respectively, determined by metallography, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX) techniques. The thermodynamic assessments of the Cu–Cr–Nb and Cu–Cr–Co systems were carried out by using CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) method on the basis of the experimental data measured by the present and previous works. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid and solid solution phases were described by the subregular solution model, and those of intermetallic compounds were described by the sublattice model. A consistent set of the thermodynamic parameters has been obtained, and the evaluated thermodynamic parameters lead to a better fit between calculated results and experimental data in both the Cu–Cr–Nb and Cu–Cr–Co systems. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The thermodynamic assessments of the Th–U, Th–Zr binary and Th–U–Zr ternary systems were carried out by using the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method on the basis of the experimental data including phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, bcc, fcc, hcp, αU and βU phases were described by the subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister equation, and that of the δ phase in the Th–U–Zr ternary system was described by the sublattice model. The thermodynamic parameters of each phase in the Th–U–Zr system were also evaluated by combining the experimental data of the phase equilibria with the parameters in three binary systems. The calculated phase equilibria are in good agreement with the experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The thermodynamic assessments of the Co–Sc and Fe–Sc binary systems were carried out by using the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method on the basis of the experimental data including the thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, bcc, fcc, and hcp phases were described by the subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister equation, and those of the intermetallic compounds (Co2Sc, CoSc, CoSc2, CoSc3, αFe2Sc, βFe2Sc, λFe2Sc and Fe6Sc29) in these two binary systems were described by the sublattice model. The thermodynamic parameters of the Co–Sc and Fe–Sc binary systems were optimized for reproducing the experimental data on phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties, and an agreement between the calculated results and experimental data was obtained in each binary system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The thermodynamic optimizations of the Nd-Sn and Sn-Tb binary systems were carried out by means of the Calculation of Phase Diagram (CALPHAD) method on the basis of the available experimental data including the thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, bcc, bct, dhcp and hcp phases were described by the substitutional solution model with the Redlich-Kister equation, while all of the intermetallic compounds (Nd 5 Sn 3 , Nd 5 Sn 4 , Nd 11 Sn 10 , NdSn, Nd 3 Sn 5 , NdSn 2 , Nd 3 Sn 7 , Nd 2 Sn 5 , NdSn 3, Sn 3 Tb, βSn 7 Tb 3 , αSn 7 Tb 3 , Sn 2 Tb, Sn 5 Tb 4 , SnTb 4 , Sn 10 Tb 11 , Sn 4 Tb 5 and Sn 3 Tb 5 ) were described by the sublattice model. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters of each phase in the Nd-Sn and Sn-Tb binary systems has been obtained, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the available experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the phase equilibria of Nb–Si–Zr at 1373 K, 1473 K and 1573 K were experimentally determined by means of back-scattered electron (BSE), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that there were five three-phase regions and sixteen two-phase regions in the studied isothermal sections, and no any ternary compounds were found. The solubility of Si in the Nb–Zr side is very small. Large solubilities of Nb in αZr 5 Si 4 , Zr 3 Si 2 and Zr 2 Si phases were observed, otherwise the solubilities of Nb in ZrSi 2 , αZrSi and Zr 3 Si phases are relatively small. Based on the present experimental results, the thermodynamic assessment of Nb–Si–Zr system was carried out using the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method. The current calculated phase diagrams are in reasonable agreement with the present experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Three isothermal sections at 800, 1000, and 1100°C were established. [•] A large solubility of Cr is identified in the Co6Ta7 phase. [•] The high–temperature phase (Co,Cr)2Ta(HT) was found to be stabilized at low temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The thermodynamic assessment of the Eu–Pb and Lu–Pb binary systems has been carried out by using the Calculation of Phase Diagrams (CALPHAD) method based on the available literature data including the phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, bcc, fcc and hcp phases were described by the subregular solution model with Redlich–Kister formula, and those of the intermetallic compounds (Eu2Pb, Eu5Pb3, βEuPb, αEuPb, EuPb3, Lu5Pb3, βLu5Pb4, αLu5Pb4, Lu6Pb5, and LuPb2) in the binary systems were described by the two-sublattice model. A consistent set of the thermodynamic parameters leading to a reasonable agreement between the calculated results and literature data was obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The phase equilibria in the Co–V–Mo ternary system were investigated by means of optical microscopy, electron probe microanalyzer and X-ray diffraction. Four isothermal sections of the Co–V–Mo ternary system at 800, 1000, 1100 and 1200°C were experimentally established, and no ternary compound was found in this system. Experimental results show that the solubility of Mo in the σ-Co2V3 phase increases with an increase in temperature region from 800 to 1200°C. The newly determined phase equilibria in this system will provide important information for the development of Co-based alloys. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Pt binary system has been carried out by using the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method based on the available literature data including the phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, bcc_A2 and fcc_A1 phases were described by the subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister formula, and those of the intermetallic compounds (Ce7Pt3, Ce3Pt2, Ce5Pt4, CePt, Ce3Pt4, CePt x and CePt5) in the Ce–Pt binary system were described by the sublattice model, and two intermetallic compounds (Ce5Pt3,CePt2) in the Ce–Pt binary system were described by the two-sublattice model. A consistent set of thermodynamic parameters leading to a reasonable agreement between the calculated results and literature data was obtained. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties in the Bi–Lu and Lu–Sb binary systems have been assessed by using the CALPHAD (Calculation of Phase Diagrams) method on the basis of experimental data including the thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and rhombohedral phases were described by the substitutional solution model, and the intermetallic compounds (Bi2Lu, BiLu, Bi3Lu5, Lu3Sb, Lu5Sb3, αLuSb, βLuSb and LuSb2 phases) were treated as stoichiometric compounds. The thermodynamic parameters of the Bi–Lu and Lu–Sb binary systems were obtained, and agreement between the calculated results and experimental data was obtained for each binary system. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The phase diagrams of the Al–Th and Th–Zn systems have been evaluated by using the Calculation of Phase Diagrams (CALPHAD) method with the experimental data including the phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties. The Gibbs free energies of the liquid, bcc and hcp phases were described by the subregular solution model with the Redlich–Kister equation, and those of the stoichiometric compounds of the Th2Al, Th3Al2, ThAl, Th2Al3, ThAl2, ThAl3, Th2Al7, Th2Zn, ThZn2, ThZn4 and Th2Zn17 were described by the two-sublattice model. The calculated phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties are in good agreement with the experimental data. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]