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Due to their good chemical and thermal stability, high heat of melting, and suitability within the desired temperature range, organic phase change materials (PCMs) are widely used for cooling electronic devices, new energy utilization, solar thermal power generation, industrial waste heat recovery processes, and greenhouse construction. However, the flammability of organic PCMs has limited their commercial viability. In recent years, researchers have been striving to improve the flame retardancy of organic PCMs through various strategies, raising the question of which modification strategy best enhances the flame retardancy for different types of composite PCMs. Therefore, a comprehensive and timely review is needed to gain insight into the mechanism of action for flame retardant properties enhancement. This article firstly introduces the types of flame retardants and flame retardant mechanism, and briefly introduces the test methods commonly used in the laboratory for the analysis of flame retardant mechanism. Secondly, the strategies for improving the flame retardancy of organic PCMs are systematically summarized, and some scenarios for the application of organic flame‐retardant PCMs are introduced. Eventually, the challenges and future perspectives of the evolution of organic flame retardant PCMs are presented. This review is expected to provide new insights for the rational design of high flame‐retardant organic PCMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• CFPCMs with high load and enthalpy values. • Stable porous structure. • Enhanced photothermal conversion performance. • Environmental friendliness and sustainability. • The potential for multi domain applications. Solar energy, as a crucial green energy source, attracted significant attention. Phase change materials (PCMs) addressed the intermittency issue by storing and releasing latent heat. This study innovatively combined carbon fibers (CFs), phenolic resin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to create high-loading (>86 %) and high-enthalpy composite CF-based phase change materials (CFPCMs), with melting and freezing enthalpies of 156.6 J/g and 148.6 J/g. CFPCMs demonstrated excellent photothermal and electrothermal properties. The lightweight, porous CFs structure stabilized the PCMs matrix, enhancing its performance while facilitating the reuse of waste CFs products, thus contributing to environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]