16 results on '"Black, Donald"'
Search Results
2. Personality Disorders, Impulsiveness, and Novelty Seeking in Persons with DSM-IV Pathological Gambling and Their First-Degree Relatives.
- Author
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Black DW, Coryell WH, Crowe RR, Shaw M, McCormick B, and Allen J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Comorbidity, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Female, Gambling epidemiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders epidemiology, Personality Inventory, Prevalence, Young Adult, Exploratory Behavior, Family psychology, Gambling psychology, Personality, Personality Disorders psychology, Temperament
- Abstract
This study investigates the presence of personality disorders, impulsiveness, and novelty seeking in probands with DSM-IV pathological gambling (PG), controls, and their respective first-degree relatives using a blind family study methodology. Ninety-three probands with DSM-IV PG, 91 controls, and their 395 first-degree relatives were evaluated for the presence of personality disorder with the Structured Interview for DSM-IV Personality. Impulsiveness was assessed with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS). Novelty seeking was evaluated using questions from Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory. Results were analyzed using logistic regression by the method of generalized estimating equations to account for within family correlations. PG probands had a significantly higher prevalence of personality disorders than controls (41 vs. 7 %, OR = 9.0, P < 0.001), along with higher levels of impulsiveness and novelty seeking. PG probands with a personality disorder had more severe gambling symptoms; earlier age at PG onset; more suicide attempts; greater psychiatric comorbidity; and a greater family history of psychiatric illness than PG probands without a personality disorder. PG relatives had a significantly higher prevalence of personality disorder than relatives of controls (24 vs. 9%, OR = 3.2, P < 0.001) and higher levels of impulsiveness. Risk for PG in relatives is associated with the presence of personality disorder and increases along with rising BIS Non-Planning and Total scale scores. Personality disorders, impulsiveness, and novelty seeking are common in people with PG and their first-degree relatives. The presence of a personality disorder appears to be a marker of PG severity and earlier age of onset. Risk for PG in relatives is associated with the presence of personality disorder and trait impulsiveness. These findings suggest that personality disorder and impulsiveness may contribute to a familial diathesis for PG.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. DSM-5 is approved, but personality disorders criteria have not changed.
- Author
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Black DW
- Subjects
- Humans, Personality Assessment, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Personality Disorders diagnosis
- Published
- 2013
4. Proposed DSM-5 revisions to personality disorder criteria need further scrutiny.
- Author
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Black DW
- Subjects
- Humans, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Personality Disorders classification, Personality Disorders diagnosis
- Published
- 2011
5. Giving personality disorders their due.
- Author
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Black DW
- Subjects
- Antisocial Personality Disorder, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Borderline Personality Disorder, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Paraphilic Disorders, Personality Disorders classification, Personality Disorders prevention & control, Suicide, Personality Disorders physiopathology
- Published
- 2010
6. Neuropsychological characteristics and personality traits in pathological gambling.
- Author
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Forbush KT, Shaw M, Graeber MA, Hovick L, Meyer VJ, Moser DJ, Bayless J, Watson D, and Black DW
- Subjects
- Adult, Decision Making physiology, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders psychology, Exploratory Behavior, Female, Frontal Lobe physiopathology, Harm Reduction physiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders psychology, Psychometrics statistics & numerical data, Temporal Lobe physiopathology, Wechsler Scales, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders diagnosis, Gambling psychology, Neuropsychological Tests statistics & numerical data, Personality Disorders diagnosis, Personality Inventory statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Introduction: Pathological gambling disorder (PG) has been associated with fronto-temporal dysfunction and maladaptive personality traits, such as impulsivity and novelty seeking. The purpose of this study was to examine the predictive variance of neuropsychological and personality characteristics in PG., Methods: Persons with PG (n=25) and a comparison group (n=34) were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests, the Temperament and Character Inventory, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Subjects with PG had evidence of fronto-temporal dysfunction as assessed by the Stroop, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Letter-Number Sequencing, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, and Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination Animal Naming Test., Results: Subjects with PG also had impaired decision making on the Iowa Gambling Task. PG subjects had elevated levels of impulsivity, novelty seeking, and harm avoidance, and lower levels of self-directedness and cooperativeness. Logistic regression analyses indicated that neuropsychological variables did not add significant incremental variance over personality traits in predicting PG (Block chi-square=5.19, P=.074), while personality variables added significant incremental variance over neuropsychological traits in predicting PG (Block chi-square=25.13, P<.001)., Conclusion: These results suggest that personality traits are better predictors than neuropsychological characteristics of whether someone has PG.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Update on Antisocial Personality Disorder
- Author
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Black, Donald W.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. The STEPPS Group Treatment Program for Outpatients with Borderline Personality Disorder
- Author
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Black, Donald W., Blum, Nancee, Pfohl, Bruce, and St. John, Don
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Treatment received by persons with BPD participating in a randomized clinical trial of the Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving programme.
- Author
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Black, Donald W., Allen, Jeff, McCormick, Brett, and Blum, Nancee
- Subjects
BORDERLINE personality disorder ,PERSONALITY disorders ,ANTIDEPRESSANTS ,PSYCHIATRIC drugs ,MENTAL depression ,PSYCHOTHERAPY - Abstract
We report the treatment experience of 164 subjects with BPD who participated in a randomized clinical trial testing the Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving group treatment programme. Participation in psychotherapy, use of psychotropic medication, use of emergency services and hospitalization were carefully tracked. Nearly all (96%) subjects were prescribed psychotropic medication; 74% took antidepressants at baseline; the figures were 41% for anxiolytics, 39% for mood stabilizers and 32% for antipsychotics. Sixty-four percent reported taking ≥2 medications, and 39% took ≥3 medications. Most subjects (73%) participated in individual psychotherapy; 24% had been hospitalized at least once in the month prior to study entry. Importantly, medication usage at baseline was not associated with clinical severity. Medication usage declined during the 20-week clinical trial and 1-year follow-up. Few patients (6%) had ever received electroconvulsive therapy. In conclusion, data show that many persons with BPD are prescribed multiple medications and frequently participate in individual and other types of psychotherapy. Medication usage at baseline does not explain variation in clinical symptoms. Implications of the findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) for Outpatients With Borderline Personality Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial and 1-Year Follow-Up.
- Author
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Blum, Nancee, St. John, Don, Pfohl, Bruce, Stuart, Scott, McCormick, Brett, Allen, Jeff, Arndt, Stephan, and Black, Donald W.
- Subjects
DEPRESSED persons ,PERSONALITY disorders ,BORDERLINE personality disorder ,PATHOLOGICAL psychology ,CONFLICT management ,SUICIDAL behavior ,MEDICAL emergencies ,CAUSES of death ,CLINICAL trials - Abstract
Objective: Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) is a 20-week manual-based group treatment program for outpatients with borderline personality disorder that combines cognitive behavioral elements and skills training with a systems component. The authors compared STEPPS plus treatment as usual with treatment as usual alone in a randomized controlled trial. Method: Subjects with borderline personality disorder were randomly assigned to STEPPS plus treatment as usual or treatment as usual alone. Total score on the Zanarini Rating Scale for Borderline Personality Disorder was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes included measures of global functioning, depression, impulsivity, and social functioning; suicide attempts and self-harm acts; and crisis utilization. Subjects were followed 1 year posttreatment. A linear mixed-effects model was used in the analysis. Results: Data pertaining to 124 subjects (STEPPS plus treatment as usual [N=65]; treatment as usual alone [N=59]) were analyzed. Subjects assigned to STEPPS plus treatment as usual experienced greater improvement in the Zanarini Rating Scale for Borderline Personality Disorder total score and subscales assessing affective, cognitive, interpersonal, and impulsive domains. STEPPS plus treatment as usual also led to greater improvements in impulsivity, negative affectivity, mood, and global functioning. These differences yielded moderate to large effect sizes. There were no differences between groups for suicide attempts, self-harm acts, or hospitalizations. Most gains attributed to STEPPS were maintained during follow-up. Fewer STEPPS plus treatment as usual subjects had emergency department visits during treatment and follow-up. The discontinuation rate was high in both groups. Conclusions: STEPPS, an adjunctive group treatment, can deliver clinically meaningful improvements in borderline personality disorder-related symptoms and behaviors, enhance global functioning, and relieve depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and axis II.
- Author
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Black, Donald W. and Noyes, Russell
- Subjects
- *
PERSONALITY disorders , *OBSESSIVE-compulsive disorder - Abstract
The relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and personality traits and characteristics has been of great interest to psychiatrists and researchers. Psychoanalysts have long believed that obsessive-compulsive personality traits (e.g. rigidity, over-conscientiousness, resistance to change) stemmed from a fixation at the anal stage of character development and were the precursor to OCD. Research tended to support this view, as early studies showed these traits to be common in patients with OCD and in their first-degree relatives. However, more recent work using standardized assessments has shown that while 33% to 88% of patients with OCD meet criteria for a personality disorder (most commonly from cluster C), and many patients have obsessive-compulsive personality traits, only a few actually meet criteria for obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. Recent work has also shown that OCD patients with a personality disorder are more symptomatic than patients without a personality disorder, and are also more likely to respond poorly to medication, especially those with cluster A disorders (e.g. schizotypal, paranoid personality). Schizotypal personality specifically may predict response to augmentation of an anti-obsessional agent with an antipsychotic. Interestingly, many abnormal personality traits tend to improve once the patient with OCD has been successfully treated. The relationship between OCD and personality disorder continues to be debated. Some of the remaining issues include determining the true prevalence of personality disorder in unselected samples of OCD patients; determining whether personality disorder is independent and largely unrelated to OCD or develops as a consequence of having OCD; learning how personality disorders interfere with treatment response; and, finally, what happens to personality disorders in OCD patients over time. Long-term follow-up studies will be needed to help clarify these issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Personality disorder in obsessive-compulsive volunteers, well comparison subjects, and their...
- Author
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Black, Donald W. and Noyes Jr., Russell
- Subjects
- *
OBSESSIVE-compulsive disorder , *PERSONALITY disorders - Abstract
Determines the frequency of DSM-III personality disorders in subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder, well-comparison subjects, and their first-degree relatives. No significant differences findings in the prevalence of personality disorders among first-degree relatives; High prevalence of personality disorder among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Depressions Secondary to Other Psychiatric Disorders and Medical Illnesses.
- Author
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Winokur, George, Black, Donald W., and Nasrallah, Amelia
- Subjects
MENTAL depression ,MENTAL illness ,SOMATOFORM disorders ,ANXIETY ,PERSONALITY disorders ,SUICIDAL behavior ,ALCOHOLISM - Abstract
The authors studied 401 patients with depressions secondary to psychiatric illnesses (substance abuse disorders or somatoform, anxiety, or personality disorders) or depressions secondary to medical illnesses. They found that the patients with depressions secondary to psychiatric illnesses had an earlier age at onset, were more likely to have suicidal thoughts or to have made suicide attempts, were less likely to have memory problems, were less improved with treatment and more likely to relapse on follow-up, and had more alcoholism in their families than patients with depressions secondary to medical illnesses. Depressions secondary to medical illnesses seem to fit the category of reactive depression, and depressions secondary to psychiatric illnesses fit the definition of neurotic depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1988
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Use of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) as a Screening Tool in Prisons: Results of a Preliminary Study.
- Author
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Black, Donald W., Arndt, Stephan, Hale, Nancy, and Rogerson, Rusty
- Subjects
NEUROPSYCHIATRY ,NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,CORRECTIONAL personnel ,CRIMINAL psychology ,PERSONALITY disorders - Abstract
The authors describe a pilot study in which the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to assess a random sample of offenders newly committed to the Iowa Department of Corrections. Following sessions in which correctional personnel were trained to administer the MINI, the instrument was administered to 67 offenders. The interview took from 20 to 105 minutes (mean, 41 minutes) to administer, and all but 13 (19%) offenders were positive for a lifetime MINI disorder. Twenty-six (39%) subjects had a lifetime mood disorder, 20 (30%) a lifetime anxiety disorder, 12 (18%) a lifetime psychotic disorder, and 53 (79%) a substance use disorder. Seven (10%) subjects met criteria for a lifetime attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, while 13 (19%) had a lifetime antisocial personality disorder. Subjects had a mean of 2.8 disorders. The potential use of the MINI as a screening tool in prison settings is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2004
15. EDITORIAL: Giving personality disorders their due.
- Author
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Black, Donald W.
- Subjects
- *
BORDERLINE personality disorder , *PARAPHILIAS , *PERSONALITY disorders - Abstract
An introduction is presented in which the editor discusses various reports within the issue on topics including borderline personality disorder (BPD), prevalence of paraphilia, and the impact of antisocial personality disorder on incarcerated offenders.
- Published
- 2010
16. Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problems Solving (STEPPS) para pacientes ambulatorios con trastorno límite de la personalidad: un ensayo comparativo aleatorizado y un año de seguimiento.
- Author
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Blum, Nancee, St. John, Don, Pfohl, Bruce, Stuart, Scott, McCormick, Brett, Allen, Jeff, Arndt, Stephan, and Black, Donald W.
- Subjects
- *
BORDERLINE personality disorder , *COGNITIVE balance , *PERSONALITY disorders , *GROUP psychotherapy , *SUICIDAL behavior - Abstract
Objetivo: Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) es un programa de terapia de grupo protocolizado de 20 semanas de duración dirigido a pacientes ambulatorios con trastorno límite de la personalidad, que combina elementos cognitivo-conductuales y aprendizaje de habilidades con un componente de sistemas. Los autores compararon el STEPPS más el tratamiento habitual con el tratamiento habitual solo mediante un ensayo comparativo aleatorizado. Método: Los participantes con trastorno límite de la personalidad fueron asignados aleatoriamente a recibir STEPPS más el tratamiento habitual o sólo el tratamiento habitual. El principal criterio de valoración fue la puntuación total en la Escala de Zanarini para el Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad. Los criterios de valoración secundarios incluyeron medidas de funcionamiento global, de depresión, de impulsividad y de funcionamiento social; tentativas de suicidio y actos de autólisis, y utilización de crisis. Se siguió a los individuos durante 1 año después del tratamiento. En el análisis se empleó un análisis lineal de efectos mixtos. Resultados: Se analizó la información procedente de 124 individuos (STEPPS más tratamiento habitual [n = 65]; sólo tratamiento habitual [n = 59]). Los individuos asignados a STEPPS más tratamiento habitual experimentaron un mayor grado de mejoría en la puntuación total de la Escala de Zanarini para el Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad y en las subescalas que evaluaron los dominios afectivo, cognitivo, interpersonal e impulsivo. El STEPPS más el tratamiento habitual también dieron lugar a una mayor mejoría de la impulsividad, la afectividad negativa, el estado de ánimo y el funcionamiento global. Estas diferencias proporcionaron tamaños del efecto de moderados a grandes. No hubo diferencias entre los grupos en cuanto a las tentativas de suicidio, los actos de autólisis y los ingresos hospitalarios. La mayor parte de los beneficios atribuidos al STEPPS se mantuvieron durante el seguimiento. La cantidad de individuos que realizó visitas al servicio de urgencias durante el tratamiento y el seguimiento fue menor en el grupo de STEPPS más tratamiento habitual. El índice de abandonos fue alto en ambos grupos. Conclusiones: El STEPPS, una terapia de grupo complementaria, puede proporcionar mejorías clínicamente significativas de los síntomas y los comportamientos relacionados con el trastorno límite de la personalidad, mejorar el funcionamiento global y aliviar la depresión. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
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