Search

Malnutrition, inflammation, and anemia are common in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. In this study, correlations between Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS), laboratory and anthropometric parameters, and anemia indices in Croatian PD patients were analyzed. One hundred and one PD patients (males/females 54/47, age 58.71 ± 14.68 years, mean PD duration 21.82 ± 21.71 months) were included. Clinical, laboratory, and anthropometric parameters were measured. Statistically significant correlations between MIS and erythropoietin weekly dose per kg of body weight (ESA weekly dose), hemoglobin (Hb), and erythrocytes were found ( r = 0.439, p < 0.001; r = -0.032, p < 0.001; r = -0.435, p < 0.001), respectively. Also, statistically significant correlations were found between MIS and mean corpuscular volume ( r = 0.344, p < 0.001), iron ( r = -0.229, p = 0.021), and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) ( r = -0.362, p < 0.001), respectively. Furthermore, statistically significant correlations between ESA weekly dose and serum albumin level and body mass index (BMI) were found ( r = -0.272, p = 0.006; r = -0.269, p = 0.006), respectively. When we divided PD patients into 2 groups according Hb level (Hb ≥ 110 [ N = 60, 59.41 %]) and Hb < 110 [ N = 41, 40.59%]), statistically significant differences were found in MIS score (3.02 ± 2.54 vs 4.54 ± 3.54, p = 0.014), C-reactive protein (CRP) (3.52 ± 6.36 vs 7.85 ± 7.96, p = 0.005), and serum albumin level (44.22 ± 8.54 vs 39.94 ± 8.56, p = 0.003), respectively. Our findings suggest that anemia is correlated with malnutrition and inflammation in Croatian PD patients. Further studies are needed to assess whether modulating inflammatory or nutritional processes can improve anemia management in PD patients., (Copyright © 2017 International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis.)

According to the National Registry of Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT), the incidence of chronic kidney disease (end-stage renal disease) and the need of RRT have declined in the last decade renal. One of the reasons for this tendency certainly is transplantation as the best choice. However, transplant procedure has limitations in elderly patients due to the number of comorbidities. This study was designed as retrospective analysis of outcomes in patients treated with peritoneal dialysis for a period of eleven years. Patients were divided into those who had been assisted or unassisted. Out of 100 patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD), 77 completed the treatment, including 26 assisted and 51 unassisted patients. Peritonitis was recorded in 20 assisted and 26 unassisted patients. Peritonitis was more common in unassisted patients, who were more frequently lost from PD. Assisted PD could be a good and safe choice of RRT in this special group of patients.

Purpose: Prevalence of peritoneal dialysis is low in part because of the perceived high risk for complications such as peritonitis. However, in the most recent era, peritonitis incidence and its effects on patient outcomes may have diminished. The aim of this study was to analyze peritonitis incidence and its impact on patient and technique survival, as well as on the kidney transplantation rate and outcome., Methods: All peritoneal dialysis patients from a county hospital between year 2001 and 2011 were retrospectively included. Patients were divided into two groups with respect to peritonitis. The primary composite end-point consisted of a 3-year patient mortality or technique loss. Secondary end-points were patient survival and probability of kidney transplantation with respect to peritonitis history., Results: Among 85 study patients, there were 61 peritonitis episodes. The incidence of peritonitis was 0.339 ± 0.71 episode per patient per 12 months or one episode per 29.3 ± 22.2 patient-months. The time to peritonitis was shorter, and peritonitis was more likely in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis than in automated peritoneal dialysis patients. Patient and technique survival and transplantation rate were similar in the group with and without peritonitis history. The primary end-point was recorded in 35 % of patients with peritonitis history and in 54 % of those without peritonitis (p = 0.04). In a multivariate analysis, the only variable significantly associated with the primary end-point and with patient survival was patient age at start of peritoneal dialysis., Conclusions: In contemporary peritoneal dialysis patients, timely treated peritonitis may not be associated with adverse patient and technique outcomes. The transplantation rate is unaffected by the peritonitis history. Peritoneal dialysis may be promoted as the first dialysis method in appropriate patients.

Peritoneal dialysis is an equally valuable method for some patients. It is a method with some advantages and thus should be considered the method of choice. Are the trends of treatment with this method instead of terminal kidney disease replacement stagnating? In our ten-year retrospective study, we tried to do assess how to control the efficiency of dialysis and what was its influence on patient survival. We compared clinical state of patients, laboratory indicators of dialysis dosage (Kt/v) and peritoneal membrane transport function (PET). Patients were divided according to Kt/v values <1.7, 1.7-2.2 and >2.2. According to PET findings, they were divided into four standard groups. Kt/v and PET are unavoidable evaluation factors of peritoneal membrane and for prescribing dialysis. The transport, ultrafiltration and other membrane characteristics change with time and with inflammatory processes. On any calculation of adequacy, it is essential to distinguish diuretic and anuric patients. The adequacy of peritoneal dialysis should be incorporated in the conclusion on prescriptions and quality treatment of each individual patient.

A proportion of peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients experience substantial body weight (BW) gain with time. It is caused by fat tissue accumulation or fluid retention. It is believed that fat tissue accumulates due to caloric contribution of glucose absorbed from dialysis solution or to the mitochondrial fat regulatory uncoupling protein (UCP) gene polymorphism. This study examined BW fluctuations in 40 patients (24 females, 16 males), treated by PD at least 36 months (initial mean age 54.50+/-9.00 years, mean BW 68.00+/-8.50 kg and mean height 164.00+/-8.50 cm), relation of the BW fluctuation and caloric contribution of glucose absorbed from dialysis solution and characteristics of the patients with BW gain. Initial BW increased after 6, 12, 24 and 36 months by 5.90+/-3.50 kg, 7.90+/-4.90 kg, 9.50+/-5.00 and 11.00+/-5.00 kg, or for 8.68, 11.62, 13.97 and 16.18% of the initial value, respectively. After the first 6 and 12 months 38 patients gained weight, 39 after 24 and all 40 patients after 36 months. There was not significant correlation between BW gain and caloric contribution of glucose absorbed from dialysis solution. Female patients had initially lower BW, but for the first 12 months period significantly increased BW more than males, and not for the other observed periods. High transporters (patients with higher transport, higher transmission of glucose from peritoneal solution into the blood, and urea and creatinine in the opposite direction, with rapid decrement of osmolality gradient between dialysate and blood that is necessary for excessive fluid elimination), had lower initial BW and, although without statistical significance, only within the first period increased BW more than low transporters. In conclusion, with time BW gain was found in all the PD dialysis patients, it was not related to caloric contribution of glucose absorbed from dialysis solution, and women and high transporters increased BW weight more than men and low transporters in the first year of treatment. The BW gain is at least in part caused by fluid retention.