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Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

News media and journalists must adapt to emerging platforms in order to respond to changing news consumption habits. This article addresses the trend of Social Media Live Streaming on Twitch, a platform that has experienced significant growth since 2020. The research pursues the main objective of finding out how Spanish media and journalists are adapting to this platform and what possibilities it offers to the journalistic profession, in terms of business model as well as in communicative style, formats and relationship with the audience. An exploratory analysis made it possible to identify 55 channels and to establish, in the first phase of the research, two categories of study: channels driven by journalists --with a background in digital or legacy media-- or by news media --digital natives or legacy ones--. In a second phase, seven representative cases were studied through content analysis of their profiles and streams, as well as interviews with the promoters. The results reflect an initial stage in the development of news initiatives on Twitch, characterized by experimentation and diversity of projects. In general, there is no great innovation in content and formats, which are based on conversation. There is a hybridization of information and entertainment in live broadcasts which, although providing rigorous information and featuring experts, maintain a relaxed tone and make use of humor. The relationship with the audience is built through the chat, a central element during broadcasts, and subscriptions from viewers, which are the main source of income for the channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The new social media make that we have to reconsider who could be proclaimed like journalist and therefore who can claim the right to protection of sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technological evolution of the newspaper industry has revolutionized journalism. Now the telephone has overcome the spatial barrier and information can be accessed anywhere and at any time, edited and created, and consume audio or video in any of its modalities. The latest surveys indicate that more than 90% of users connect via telephone to consume journalistic information. The design, edition and writing of the information undergoes a significant change: the concept of the traditional journalistic genre for new narratives that force the professional to acquire new skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the diffculties encountered by journalists in applying media accessibility requirements on the Internet. For its development, 24 journalists who produce digital content and four computer professionals from cybermedia and organizations in charge of developing media technologies were interviewed. The analysis of the results shows that the absence of accessibility knowledge, together with the lack of help that content management systems (CMS) provide to incorporate the established accessibility requirements, are the main causes of the presence of barriers in the digital media for people with disabilities and the elderly. According to the study's participants, the accessibility criteria least frequently used by journalists are textual alternatives to semantic use of color for people who cannot see colors, subtitling of audiovisual content for deaf people, and audio description for blind people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Anagramas is the property of Editorial Universidad de Medellin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REMIE - Multidisciplinary Journal of Educational Research is the property of Hipatia Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Descriptive study based on the urgency of knowing the working conditions of journalists covering the source of health in Latin America, through the Covid-19 pandemic. A mixed approach was applied, in the quantitative approach, a random survey in April, May and June, and in the qualitative approach, recommendations manuals were revised. As results of the responses received it is a journalism developed by people who are not trained in the specialization of health, under precarious working conditions, not protection support, among other results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivum is the property of Universidad de Oviedo, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article exposes labor characteristics of Colombian journalists, their satisfaction level with their work conditions, and socio-demographic variables associated. Through 300 surveys and 40 in-depth interviews, results show a worsening of salary conditions in the last ten years, although an improvement in hiring modalities. Journalists’ global job satisfaction perception is moderate and there are extrinsic/intrinsic factors associated such as lack of training programs and promotion opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radio advertorials are long advertisements broadcasted within the programming and executed by journalists to imitate editorial content. An analysis of their presence, use and characteristics confirms that journalists and radio owners are not rigorous in the application of the codes of conduct that regulate this advertising feature in Spain. This work focuses on these rules and propose a matrix of variables, such as time slot, product category, type of endorser, advertiser identification, format and copy text style, which identifies these inappropriate practices in the sample under study. The results show that RAs are more prevalent during time slots with higher audience ratings and in programs hosted by well-known radio personalities. Also, most RAs are embedded within the editorial content of programs and are formatted as interviews, and their copy style is informative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bearing in mind that loanwords are the second most frequent form of lexical innovation in Spanish and that there is plenty of evidence of these new words in the written press, a survey was carried out among journalists to inquire about their participation hi the adoption of foreign words and the motivations they claimed for using them. In order to achieve this goal, journalists were asked about the reasons they had for using loanwords and how relevant they thought these reasons were, their self-attributed importance in the incorporation of foreign words into journalistic texts, and the most prolific newspaper sections in terms of loanword use. According to the results, a wide variety of motivations, which included filling lexical-cultural gaps and the widespread use of loanwords, were determined. Journalists reported that they tended to avoid using loanwords and that the sections in which they used these lexical items most frequently were Science and Technology, Economics and International. The fact that journalists attached great importance to their own decisions regarding the use or non-use of loanwords in the press was also determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The paramount relevance of Investigative Journalism, as a watchdog of the latent powers and supervisor of the actions from public representatives, requires a detailed knowledge of its needs in order to ensure its continuity and good health. Methodology. Based on the direct testimony of its protagonists, namely the professionals who daily perform it, a current and complete overview of their practice in Spain. Results and conclusions. The conducting of eleven in-depth interviews to a truly wide range of renown high-level professionals reveals that, the profession is still undergoing a difficult situation, with lack of means and very low earnings; moreover, it shows how both the rigor and the method are the key to face, with the greatest of guarantees, the accusations, allegations and pressures from the ones mentioned by these journalism professionals, at their regular activity. Finally, journalists were asked to provide solutions to the problems they themselves identified as limiting their work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Index.Comunicación is the property of Index.comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is to discover the value, infuence and the use of social network Twitter as a journalistic tool among Basque communication professionals. To this end, it has analyzed the use of Twitter by the journalists of the fve best selling and most widely read newspapers in the Basque Country: El Correo, El Diario Vasco, Deia, Gara and Berria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multi-platform production routines and media convergence tendencies generate intricate changes in the media companies and groups. In this context, the article explains the advancements on the subject of convergence experienced in five print media and two broadcasting media edited in the Basque Country. This qualitative research considers main indicators such as the medium's strategic outlook, the inner structure of the newsrooms, the daily work routines for news production, the type of synergies and collaboration between radio/TV, print and online journalists, and the level of multi-skilling. As conclusions highlight, having a proactive attitude and promoting a flexible application of innovations, seems to be nowadays the key to success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study analyzes the first journalism textbooks published in Spain between 1891 and 1912, which outline the professional features the reporter in that historical stage should have. Because of its influence on the political, social and cultural regulations, the the journalism activity then claimed a status of its own for itself, which distinguished it from other activities that, as literature, shared the word as an expression tool, and also were published in newspapers and magazines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to identify the main changes that occur with technological advances in the working system in some Chilean digital media. Participant observations were made in three Chilean digital newspapers: emol.com, lanacion.cl and lasegunda.com to know in situ the work routines used by professionals. The valuable information obtained in the ethnomethodological study was contrasted with in-depth interviews to editors of these three media: Sebastian Campaña (emol. com), Juan Carlos González (lasegunda.com) and Samuel Romo (lanación.cl). The editorial meeting, the editor’s job and his relationship with journalists and some techniques of reporting and writing of these online media journalists was mainly observed. It is concluded that they have forgotten many of the traditional journalistic practices used in the print media in the country, resulting in a decline of the quality of online publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metadata associated with the images that enter the documentation department of the televisions are identified. These external to the document management own metadata can be used and have a positive value in the context of the documentary analysis of audio-visual information on television. Also listed in what stages of the process of generating the information can be incorporated descriptive metadata for audiovisual information, both information from agents outside the string itself, as that material produced in the television company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a theoretical reflection on the nature and importance of the processes of scientific communication within the academic world. The communication of science is a process used by researchers to present their findings; it may be aimed at specialized academic or public peers, or wider and heterogeneous public. Communicating science can be done directly, by who investigates or by mediation of professionals in journalism, who do reach the public to the knowledge generated in academic areas. Understanding the process of communicating gear science is crucial to create effective strategies for their development and visualization as a specific objective of the process of scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Index.Comunicación is the property of Index.comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sciences de la Societe is the property of Universite Toulouse, Le Mirail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sciences de la Societe is the property of Universite Toulouse, Le Mirail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The law is already present in the Games of Alfonso X El Sabio and enacted by Magna and legal precursor of the current academic protocol chairs Charter. Law studies have a long tradition in the Spanish University. The objectives of this research are to analyze the visibility of legal subjects and the workload of the law concerning the information in the curriculum of the Bachelor Degree in Journalism and the most traditional Spanish Universities in the delivery of the titration; and make proposals for improvement to enhance the legal education of journalists. It has contrasted curriculum of the Bachelor Degree in Journalism and a set of Spanish Universities. The sample is composed of 9 universities with over 15 years teaching the Journalism Degree and its wide range of new places for. The results confirm the low relevance of the legal department in the formation process of the Degree. The organization of a compulsory CR 90 ECTS specialization in Legal Journalism is proposed during the last three years of the Degree in Journalism; increase the workload subject Information Law; and establishing both 12 ECTS CR practices as 18 ECTS CR Working Final Project (TFG) to increase the professional expectations of communicators and serve society with the maximum rigor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the increasing transfer of ownership to the sources as newsmaking engines and drift of journalism as a social reference to current business information. The research focuses on the result of 673 interviews with journalists of Galicia (Spain) about levels of restraint in the construction of the agenda, the perceived balance between journalistic standards, political and economic to select and rank the news, the initiative in relationships and how to contact journalists with their sources, and professional aspects that are recognized and valued in newsrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The professional culture in Journalism share figures for the professionalism and status of what is (or is not) a legitimate journalistic activity. The article deals with the meritocratic culture premiativa establishing a new standard of conduct and standards of behavior (1); determining a parallel system and extra-organizational reward professional (2). This fact incurs professionalism (Soloski) not from the production routines and process of news production (direct mode), but via premiativa meritocratic culture within the professional culture, aiming subjectivity and worldview of the journalist. If the primary definers maintains a direct assault on the production routines and the production process of news via Agenda Setting and Newsmaking; here, the focus is based on premiums in an effort indirectly via premiativa meritocratic culture and professional culture news. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to analyze the journalists' professional careers that work at online newsrooms in Brazil. It aims to understand the socialization processes of these journalists, from the analysis of its trajectory, by applying the concept of professional careers. In order to accomplish it, semi-directive interviews were made with 10 Brazilian journalists. This analysis shows a relative stability in the professional world. The introduction of new technical tools had not deeply change the learning and socialization processes in newsrooms. The results seem to point to an incorporation of online journalism practices in the traditional ways of access and mobility in the journalism profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the arrival of the Internet and having to compete with several anonymous sources in real time, all the media are being forced to offer a more detailed, framed, deeper type of information. The opinion journalism, as a genre, has been strengthened by these trends. Research among 13 Spanish network groups (El País, El Mundo, Público, La Razón, ABC, Onda Cero, COPE, Punto Radio, Cadena Ser, TVE-1, Telecinco, Cuatro and Antena3) shows that opinion is monopolized by a reduced number of journalists, that it is highly overrated and overpriced and that it is led by men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Comunicación 'Vivat Academia' is the property of Facultad de Ciencias de las Informacion de la Universidad Complutense (Espana) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article shows the results of an innovative research conducted in 2010. It shows the outcome of a total of 87 questionnaires to journalists who represent a total of 14 radio station from the city of Barcelona and it metropolitan area. It summarizes the current working conditions and routines of professionals of radio. As well, it shows the little details about the education, salaries, use of languages, skills and abilities of professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lingüística y Literatura is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the process of Venezuelan independence several medical doctors played an important role in this saga. Historian Ceferino Alegria mentions one hundred and ten physicians that took part the patriot side. However, not much is mentioned about the other side. There were some Venezuelan doctors in agreement with the Spanish band that were forgotten or ousted from the Official history, as it is the case of Feliciano Montenegro Colon and Rafael María Baralt. The first one was a Spanish official and the second one used a rhetoric approach to be considered as An Spaniard from both worlds; the other one was the Marquees of Casa León. Many venezuelan born citizens who fought in the King's side where got out from history. The historian Arístides Rojas called them the exposed in history and José Domingo Díaz was one of these cases, a medical doctor who that witnessed many military and historical facts. This article describes the historical image of José Domingo Díaz, a man who played a role in this historical process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new technologies can favour the belief that journalism, as a profession, will disappear in a more or less brief period of time. The facility of anyone to both access the sources of information, and diffuse -through Internet- all type of messages with unusual rapidity seems to feed the idea that technical qualifications will no longer be necessary, not even certain type of cultural baggage, much less a degree that guarantees a responsible and suitable exercise of modern social communication. The Federation of Associations of Journalists of Spain (FAPE, according to its initials in Spanish), in its Borrador de Estatuto Professional (Professional Statute Guidelines) favours a profession certified by a university degree, and accordingly its Commission of Complaints has been undertaking the rightful task that favours professional self-regulation and self-control in the benefit of society. There are, then, valid reasons for optimism. Journalism, as a profession, is not going to disappear, and perhaps the moment has arrived for it to truly become profession requiring qualifications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even if they are at the center of the opinion and the information, journalists are not well-known. In fact, we know little about them: their salary, the relationships they establish with their sources, the values they profess, their level of education, their social security benefits and their work routines. In the absence of studies about journalists in the context of Chiapas, Mexico, this work aims to investigate the conditions under which journalists perform, the average salary they receive, their benefits and the social organizations they belong to. In Chiapas, there are approximately 300 journalists; the remaining employees are sometimes involved in the tasks of information and opinion. We have focused on these 300 journalists in order to do this project. They have become the object of our study. We surveyed 158 journalists who live in different parts of the state and, afterwards, we interviewed 88 of them. The article shows the workings conditions in which the Chiapas journalists perform their job: low wages and little support from their companies to carry out their task of providing information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]