Search

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to map the instruments used to assess parental support for physical activity and their constructs and psychometric properties. Data source: A scoping review was conducted, with searches in seven electronic databases and reference lists, covering articles available until April 2022. Original and cross-sectional studies were sought that used questionnaires, inventories or questions to assess parental support for the practice of physical activity and sports by children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years and that assessed the barriers reported by parents or guardians for not offering support. Data synthesis: Of the initial 1739 articles, 21 made up the synthesis. From a general perspective, 11 studies from 5 continents used a questionnaire or inventory or question to assess parental support; the majority of the samples evaluated were made up of girls and mothers. The intraclass correlation coefficient was the most used measure to evaluate the reliability of the instruments (10 studies). To assess the reliability of the instruments, Cronbach’s alpha was the most used measure (13 studies). Conclusions: Only one instrument was constructed respecting the psychometric properties. Authors are advised to consider the importance of following the instrument validity evidence process when developing or adapting instruments.

OBJETIVO: Descrever e analisar a tendência da ocorrência do baixo peso, sobrepeso e obesidade de escolares. MÉTODOS: Estudo longitudinal de tendência realizado em uma amostra voluntária de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros. A amostra foi agrupada em ano de coleta (Período I: 2005 e 2006; Período II: 2007 e 2008; e Período III: 2009 a 2011), categoria de idade (crianças: sete a 10 anos, e adolescentes: 11 a 14 anos), e estratificada por sexo. O índice de massa corporal foi utilizado para classificar o perfil nutricional. A análise da tendência foi verificada através da Regressão Logística Multinomial (p < 0,05). RESULTADOS: As médias de ocorrências foram de 2,11% no baixo peso, 22,27% no sobrepeso e 6,8% na obesidade. Identificou-se chance do baixo peso diminuir do período I para o II nos adolescentes do sexo masculino, e de aumentar nas crianças do sexo feminino do período II para o III. No sobrepeso, encontramos chance de aumento seguida de diminuição nas crianças do sexo masculino. Na obesidade, em todas as categorias de idade e em ambos os sexos, houve chance de aumento do período I para o II. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência do baixo peso apresenta valores menores que 5% em todas as categorias de idade e sexo. No entanto, na categoria do sobrepeso e da obesidade, encontramos ocorrências mais elevadas, atingindo, juntas, quase 30% da população infanto-juvenil brasileira; além disso, evidenciamos uma chance de aumento na prevalência da obesidade até o ano de 2008 e, após, uma manutenção destas altas prevalências.

Objective: : To describe and analyze the trends of occurrence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in schoolchildren. Methods: : This was a longitudinal study of trends conducted in a voluntary sample of Brazilian children and adolescents. The sample was grouped by year of collection (period I: 2005 and 2006; period II: 2007 and 2008, and period III: 2009-2011), age category (children: 7 to 10 years, and adolescents: 11 to 14 years), and stratified by gender. The body mass index was used to classify the nutritional profile. Trend analysis was verified using multinomial logistic regression (p < 0.05). Results: : Mean occurrences were 2.11% for underweight, 22.27% for overweight, and 6.8% for obesity. There was a decrease of underweight in male adolescents from period I to II, as well as an increase in female children from period II to III. Regarding overweight, there was an increase followed by a decrease in male children. Regarding obesity, there was an increase from period I to II in all age groups and for both genders. Conclusion: : The prevalence of underweight was less than 5% in all categories of age and gender. However, the categories of overweight and obesity showed higher values, and together comprised almost 30% of the young Brazilian population; moreover, a trend toward increase in prevalence of obesity was observed up to the year 2008, followed by the maintenance of these high prevalence rates.

Objective: To describe and analyze the trends of occurrence of underweight, overweight, and obesity in schoolchildren. Methods: This was a longitudinal study of trends conducted in a voluntary sample of Brazilian children and adolescents. The sample was grouped by year of collection (period I: 2005 and 2006; period II: 2007 and 2008, and period III: 2009-2011), age category (children: 7 to 10 years, and adolescents: 11 to 14 years), and stratified by gender. The body mass index was used to classify the nutritional profile. Trend analysis was verified using multinomial logistic regression (p

OBJETIVO: Propor pontos de corte para a circunferência da cintura de escolares para a identificação de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. MÉTODOS: Este estudo transversal de base escolar contou com 1.413 escolares de 7 a 12 anos de idade, selecionados de forma aleatória por conglomerados. Foram medidos a circunferência da cintura, o colesterol total e as pressões arterial sistólica e diastólica. A partir dos valores de colesterol total e das pressões arterial sistólica e diastólica, foram criadas referências de fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizadas a curva receiver operating characteristic (ROC) e a análise bivariada, seguida dos cálculos de sensibilidade, especificidade e razão de chances. RESULTADOS: Os pontos de corte propostos apresentaram valores de área sob a curva ROC, variando entre 0,603 e 0,949, e de sensibilidade e especificidade entre 0,500 e 1,00. Dentre as propostas analisadas, a que apresentou valores mais equilibrados entre sensibilidade e especificidade foi a do presente estudo. O resultado da análise bivariada seguida do cálculo de razão de chances indicou que indivíduos com circunferência da cintura acima dos pontos de corte propostos têm chances aumentadas de apresentar fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. CONCLUSÕES: Os pontos de corte propostos no presente estudo configuram-se como alternativa válida e com melhores ajustamentos entre sensibilidade e especificidade que outras propostas para a triagem de escolares com chances aumentadas de apresentar fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares.OBJECTIVE: To propose cutoff points for waist circumference of schoolchildren for the identification of cardiovascular disease risk factors. METHODS: This school-based cross-sectional study surveyed 1,413 schoolchildren aged 7 to 12 years old, selected by random cluster sampling. Waist circumference, total cholesterol and systolic and diastolic pressures were measured. Reference values for cardiovascular disease risk factors were developed from measures of total cholesterol and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and bivariate analysis, followed by calculation of sensitivity, specificity and odds ratio, were used in data analysis. RESULTS: The cutoff points had area values under the ROC curve ranging between 0.603 and 0.949, while sensitivity and specificity ranged between 0.500 and 1.00. Among all proposals analyzed, the one presented by this study best balanced sensitivity and specificity values. Bivariate analysis followed by odds ratios calculation indicated that subjects with waist circumference above the proposed cutoff points have increased chances of presenting cardiovascular disease risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: The cutoff points proposed in the present study seem to be a valid alternative and better balance sensibility and specificity than other proposals for screening students with increased chances of presenting cardiovascular disease risk factors.