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IgE-mediated food allergies in infants are a significant health concern, with peanut allergy being of particular interest due to its prevalence and severity. Among individuals who produce peanut-specific IgE some experience no adverse reaction on peanut consumption. This asymptomatic phenotype is known as sensitized tolerance. To elucidate the immune environment of peanut sensitized tolerant and clinically allergic one-year-olds, high-dimensional mass cytometry was conducted as part of the HealthNuts study. The resulting data includes peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 36 participants encompassing non-allergic, peanut sensitized with tolerance, and clinically peanut allergic infants. The raw mass cytometry data is described here and freely available for reuse through the Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort). Additional allergy information and serum vitamin D levels of the participants were measured and are also included in the data upload. These high-dimensional mass cytometry data, when combined with clinical information, offer a broad immune profile of peanut allergic and sensitized tolerant infants.

While food allergy oral immunotherapy (OIT) can provide safe and effective desensitization (DS), the immune mechanisms underlying development of sustained unresponsiveness (SU) following a period of avoidance are largely unknown. Here, we compare high dimensional phenotypes of innate and adaptive immune cell subsets of participants in a previously reported, phase 2 randomized, controlled, peanut OIT trial who achieved SU vs. DS (no vs. with allergic reactions upon food challenge after a withdrawal period; n = 21 vs. 30 respectively among total 120 intent-to-treat participants). Lower frequencies of naïve CD8

CD8(+) T cells are seldom considered in IgE mediated food allergy; we show that peanut specific CD8(+) T cells are increased in peanut allergic human subjects.