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In the Two Beam Accelerator (TBA), wakefield power extractors which extract high power RF from a high current beam are used to power high gradient accelerating structures. A dielectric-based Wakefield Power Extractor (DWPE) is one option in addition to the metallic structures considered previously, like the CLIC PETS (Power Extraction and Transfer Structure). 7.8 GHz and 26 GHz DWPE prototypes have been successfully built and tested at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA) facility. We are currently designing an X-band version for a potential application with the CLIC beam. In this article, we report on test results of the 26 GHz DWPE and the preliminary design of the X-band structure. Future plan and possible difficulties in the development of DWPEs are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A single-shot longitudinal phase space diagnostics is currently being assembled at the Argonne Wakefield Accelerator (AWA). The diagnostics consists of mapping the longitudinal phase space coordinates to the transverse position space plane using a beamline that incorporates two magnetic dipoles arranged as a dogleg followed by an rf deflecting cavity. The deflecting cavity streaks the beam vertically while the dipole magnets bend horizontally. In this paper, we analyze analytically and via numerical simulations the performances of such diagnostics and their limitations. Simulations done in IMPACT-T shows good reconstruction of the longitudinal phase space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transformer ratio R is a parameter that characterizes the efficiency of the energy transferred from the drive beam to the trailing witness beam passing through a wakefield accelerating structure (all metal or dielectric based) or a plasma chamber. Using a ramped bunch train (RBT) rather than a single drive bunch, the enhanced transformer ratio (ETR) technique is able to increase the transformer ratio R above the ordinary limit of 2 for a single bunch in a collinear wakefield accelerator. The RBT is a train of electron bunches separated by half integer multiples wavelength of the wakefield. The charge of the leading bunch is lowest and subsequent bunch charges are increased in such a way as to maximize R. In this article, an experimental study of this scheme is presented in which an RBT of 2 bunches with charge ratio of 1:2.5 and bunch length σz = 2 mm were used to enhance the transformer ratio. Measurement results and data analysis show good agreement with theoretical predictions. The ETR technique demonstrated here can be used in any collinear wakefield accelerator configuration, either structure- or plasma-based. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metamaterials are artificial periodic structures made of small elements and designed to obtain specific electromagnetic properties. As long as the periodicity and the size of the elements are much smaller than the wavelength of interest, an artificial structure can be described by a permittivity and permeability, just like natural materials. When the permittivity and permeability are simultaneously negative in some frequency range, the metamaterial is called double negative or left-handed and has some unusual properties. Left-handed metamaterials (LHM) have potential applications in active and passive devices at millimeter waves and at much higher frequencies. Waveguides loaded with metamaterials are of interest because the metamaterials can change the dispersion relation of the waveguide significantly. Slow backward waves can be produced in a LHM-loaded waveguide without corrugations. The dispersion relation of a LHM-loaded waveguide has several interesting frequency bands which are described. Left-handed structures can be employed at X-band accelerators to suppress wakefields. In this paper we present theoretical studies and computer modeling of waveguides loaded with 2D anisotropic metamaterials, dispersion relations for LHM-loaded waveguides, and describe current efforts toward designing a left-handed accelerator. © 2006 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High power tests are currently being conducted on RF-driven dielectric-loaded accelerating (DLA) structures to determine their viability as traveling-wave accelerators. These tests are a collaborative effort between Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). In a previous high power test, single-surface multipactor was reported to be capable of absorbing more than half of the RF power incident on an alumina-based DLA structure. In this paper, we report on the most recent set of high power tests that are attempting to further understand multipactor and eventually suppress it. Several methods were employed to suppress multipactor including: the use of a magnetic field; a TIN surface coating; and a different dielectric material (Magnesium-Calcium-Titanate based). The effectiveness of these three methods are presented and discussed in the paper. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A limiting factor in the efficiency of wakefield accelerators is the fact that the transformer ratio R, the parameter that characterizes the energy transfer efficiency from the accelerating structure to the accelerated electron beam, is less than 2 for most technologically realizable beam-structure configurations. We are planning an experiment to study transformer ratio enhancement in a 13.625 GHz dielectric wakefield structure driven by a ramped bunch train. In this paper we present an experimental program for the demonstration of this Enhanced Transformer Ratio Dielectric Wakefield Accelerator (ETR-DWA). © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we report experimental results on a series of high-power rf tests for dielectric-loaded accelerating (DLA) structures using a high power X-band Magnicon at the Naval Research Laboratory. The dielectric material loaded into this DLA structure is a commonly used high-Q ceramic, MgxCa1-xTiO3 (MCT), with a dielectric constant of 20. The purpose of these experiments is to study high-power phenomena in the DLA structure. Two important phenomena have been observed during these experiments. First, multipactor effects are strongly dependent on the dielectric material used in the DLA structure. In this case, the multipactor-induced power absorption threshold and trend to higher power differ when MCT is used instead of alumina. Second, although we did not observe dielectric breakdown in the bulk dielectric, breakdown occurred at the butt-joint between adjacent dielectric sections in the MCT structure. This occurs because of manufacturing imperfections of the joint that cause large, local field enhancements. © 2004 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Significant progress in both the study of new acceleration structures and in the production and experimental testing of a variety of structures has taken place since the last Conference. Staging of laser accelerator sections and acceleration of particles by a microwave inverse FEL was demonstrated for the first time, fabrication of 92 GHz structures compatible with high power was demonstrated, new experimental results on dielectric based acceleration concept were presented, and detailed analysis of a new accelerator scheme, the inverted medium accelerator, was discussed. Novel structure development continued apace, with twisted waveguide structures, resonantly driven dielectric wakefield accelerators, and evanescent-mode capillary guide laser accelerators all being introduced. Power sources present and future and their impact on structure development were examined together with the need for renewed vigor in studying rf breakdown at higher frequencies. The needs and potential applications for table top radiation sources were discussed, with the expectation that development efforts in this area would directly impact the design of a future collider. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]