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Practitioners are recognized as one of the key components that make parenting interventions meaningful and helpful to families, and the impact of practitioners' skills on the outcomes of parenting interventions has been consistently recognized in research. However, the mechanisms and ongoing processes through which the practitioners' actions and skills may impact parental engagement and other outcomes remain unknown. This qualitative study explored parents' perceptions about the processes through which specific practitioners' skills contribute to the outcomes of the Incredible Years Basic Parent Program (IYPP). Twenty-four Portuguese parents who had completed the IYPP were interviewed in four focus groups, and the data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Practitioners' skills were perceived by parents as having an impact on their engagement in the program, their process of change, and their interpersonal relationships. Practitioners were perceived to demonstrate their influence in the intervention process through six different roles: the roles of a confidant, a positive coach, a partner, a maestro, a tailor, and a congruent person. This study reinforces the prominent role of practitioners in enabling parental outcomes of an evidence-based parenting program and suggests that more attention should be paid to continuing supervision and other professional development processes., (© 2024 Family Process Institute.)

This study aimed to investigate the factor structure and the measurement invariance across gender of the BRIEF2 Parent Form in Portuguese typically developing children. Participants were 700 typically developing children ( n  = 352 girls and n  = 348 boys) aged 6-16 years. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test five competing factor models. Consistent with the BRIEF2 original dimensional structure, the three-factor model demonstrated the most adequate fit to the data. The measurement invariance of the three-factor model across gender was supported (configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance). Overall, the BRIEF2 Parent Form showed adequate psychometric properties, suggesting that it is a useful instrument to assess everyday executive functioning based on reports of behaviors observed by parents in healthy Portuguese children.

The present review systematically explored research examining the relationship between therapist-related factors and the outcomes of parent interventions directed at children's behavior problems. A systematic search of the literature was conducted with online scientific databases, parenting programs, web sites, and bibliographic references of the selected articles, according to PRISMA guidelines. A total of 24 quantitative studies met the inclusion criteria. Although some methodological limitations were identified with respect to the measurement of therapist factors, the reviewed research strongly suggests that the therapist plays a critical role in parent interventions directed at behavior problems. In particular, many parent outcomes are found to be related to the parent-therapist alliance, the therapist's fidelity to the intervention, specific therapist's in-session actions, and the therapist's personal variables. The parent-therapist alliance and therapist fidelity to the intervention consistently relate to changes in parenting practices, and alliance additionally relates to fewer perceived barriers to participation in treatment, more treatment acceptability, and greater parenting satisfaction and self-efficacy. In addition, specific in-session therapist interpersonal actions relate to parents' engagement and satisfaction, while both the therapist's interpersonal actions and more active skills relate to parent change. Therapist's personal variables have been scarcely or poorly studied to date, but the results found justify the need to develop further research in this area. In conclusion, more attention should be given to the role of the therapist when implementing parenting programs directed at behavior problems, and more and better research is needed that can overcome the methodological limitations identified., (© 2020 Family Process Institute.)

Informant agreement is a common research issue in the context of children social emotional assessment. The present study analyzed parent--teacher agreement in ratings of behavior problems (BPs) using latent profile analysis (LPA). Analyses were performed for 1000 preschoolers rated, for the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scales -- Second Edition (PKBS-2), independently by parents and teachers. Eight clusters were obtained based on the five supplemental subscales of the Problem Behavior scale of the PKBS-2. These clusters isolated groups of children across the entire range of BPs that varied in level of rater agreement. Results highlighted that parents tend to rate their children with more BPs than teachers do. Agreement is better for children with extreme levels of BPs (low or high). Findings reinforce the usefulness of the PKBS-2 and support the use of LPA as an alternative to traditional approaches.

Families, as a network of emotional connections, assume a particularly important role when there is a member with intellectual disabilities (ID). The main aim of the study is to explore the perceptions of parents of persons with ID about their family relationships. Ten parents of persons with ID, four of which were fathers, were interviewed using photo-elicited interviews and 60 photographs were analysed. Persons depicted in the photographs were mainly members of the nuclear family, and the moments captured were mostly family rituals. Joy was the most present feeling in the photographs and "saudade" the most evoked feeling when viewing them. Family relationships assume an essential role for parents, and acceptance and inclusion emerged as central concepts. The core value of family relationships for parents, as a resource to deal with the challenges brought on by the condition, should be taken into account in interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents and teachers are the most requested informants for preschool social-emotional assessment. However, the fact that informants who interact with the child in different settings may have different perspectives frequently calls into question the reliability and validity of these reports. The present paper intends to review 22 studies of 57 identified, published between 1987 and 2011, about the agreement between informants from home and school settings while completing rating scales. The studies suggest a low to moderate informant agreement and the inexistence of a key-informant in social-emotional assessment, therefore drawing attention to the need to collect the perspectives of both parents and teachers, as a means of achieving a more complete picture of behaviors. Results are discussed in their implications for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Behavioral parenting programs, such as Incredible Years (IY), reduce conduct problems in children. However, conduct problems encompass many different behaviors, and little is known about the effects of parenting programs on specific aspects of children's conduct problems, such as children's relationships with others. The aim of this study was to examine, for the first time, the effects of the IY parenting program on children's levels of conflict with their parents, siblings, and peers. We used individual participant-level data pooled across 12 randomized trials in Europe, comprising a total of 1,409 families: child aged 1–11 years (M = 5.53 years, SD = 1.56) and 61% male, 60% low-income families, and 30% from an ethnic minority. Multilevel models were used to explore the effects of IY on children's conflict with parents, siblings, and peers. The IY program reduced children's conflict with their parents (β = −.21), but there were no main effects of the program on conflict with siblings or peers. Moderation analyses showed that IY reduced conflict in sibling relationships for the 22% of families with the most severe sibling conflict at baseline. This suggests that high-quality behavioral parenting programs, such as IY, can effectively reduce children's conflict within the home (i.e., with parents and siblings), especially when initial levels of sibling conflict are high, but do not have broader benefits on children's interpersonal conflict outside of the home (i.e., with peers). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]