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Objective: This study aimed to investigate and analyze the anatomic characteristics of the retromaxillary cell (RMC) by using computed tomography (CT) images of paranasal sinuses and to improve its identification with ethmomaxillary sinus (EMS)., Methods: The paranasal sinus CT scans of 441 outpatients or inpatients in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2018 were analyzed. The incidence of RMC, EMS, Haller cell, imaging anatomical characteristics, and morphological manifestations were observed via sinus CTs. The relationship of RMC and ipsilateral maxillary sinusitis was analyzed., Results: The incidence of RMC is 83.90% (740/882). The incidence of males and females was 83.81% (414/494) and 84.02% (326/388), respectively. The incidence of bilateral (72.79%, 321/441) was much higher than that of unilateral (22.22%, 98/441). The lateral extension of the RMC ranged from 1.18 to 13.31 mm, with an average of 6.10 ± 2.03 mm. The incidence of ipsilateral maxillary sinus opacification on the RMC sides and non-RMC sides has no significance difference (χ 2 = .054, P = .459). The incidence of Haller cell and EMS decreased significantly in the presence of RMC ( P < .01)., Conclusion: The RMC is an anatomical variation originating from posterior ethmoid cells, which is commonly encountered in the clinic. The pneumatization of RMC is highly variable, and a bilateral is common. During endoscopic sinus surgery, it is necessary to carefully identify such an air cell to ensure the complete opening of the paranasal sinus during surgery.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the pneumatization degree of ethmomaxillary sinus (EMS) and adjacent structures, and its impact on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)., Methods: A retrospective analysis of paranasal sinus CT scans of 996 patients was conducted. The maximum vertical diameter of EMS in the coronal plane was measured, allowing EMS to be classified, and its impact on ipsilateral CRS were examined., Results: The prevalence of EMS was 11.9%. The maximum vertical diameter of EMS in the coronal plane ranged from 3.68 to 28.76 mm with a mean (± SD) of 11.32 ± 5.12 mm. The prevalence rates of EMS in CRS sides and non-CRS sides were 12.5% and 9.3%, respectively, which was significantly different (χ 2  = 4.495; p < 0.05). The difference in prevalence between the three types of EMS in ipsilateral CRS was statistically significant (χ 2  = 6.733; p < 0.05). The difference in Lund-Mackay (LM) score of ipsilateral CRS between the three types showed no statistically significant difference (H = 4.033; p > 0.05)., Conclusion: EMS is a common anatomical variation with marked individual differences in shape and pneumatization degree. A higher degree of EMS pneumatization may contribute to the occurrence of CRS; this should be investigated before surgery.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate and analyze the anatomic characteristics of the retromaxillary cell (RMC) by using computed tomography (CT) images of paranasal sinuses and to improve its identification with ethmomaxillary sinus (EMS). Methods: The paranasal sinus CT scans of 441 outpatients or inpatients in our hospital from January 2018 to October 2018 were analyzed. The incidence of RMC, EMS, Haller cell, imaging anatomical characteristics, and morphological manifestations were observed via sinus CTs. The relationship of RMC and ipsilateral maxillary sinusitis was analyzed. Results: The incidence of RMC is 83.90% (740/882). The incidence of males and females was 83.81% (414/494) and 84.02% (326/388), respectively. The incidence of bilateral (72.79%, 321/441) was much higher than that of unilateral (22.22%, 98/441). The lateral extension of the RMC ranged from 1.18 to 13.31 mm, with an average of 6.10 ± 2.03 mm. The incidence of ipsilateral maxillary sinus opacification on the RMC sides and non-RMC sides has no significance difference (χ2 =.054, P =.459). The incidence of Haller cell and EMS decreased significantly in the presence of RMC (P <.01). Conclusion: The RMC is an anatomical variation originating from posterior ethmoid cells, which is commonly encountered in the clinic. The pneumatization of RMC is highly variable, and a bilateral is common. During endoscopic sinus surgery, it is necessary to carefully identify such an air cell to ensure the complete opening of the paranasal sinus during surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]