16 results on '"Iannuzzi, Roberto"'
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2. New occurrences of the genus Ottokaria Zeiller (Cisuralian, Paraná Basin, Brazil).
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Marques-de-Souza, Juliane and Iannuzzi, Roberto
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FOSSIL trees , *TAXONOMY , *ECOSYSTEMS , *EARTH sciences - Abstract
New occurrences of Ottokaria fructifications are documented from the Cisuralian of the Paraná Basin, in the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. New occurrences of Ottokaria sanctae-catharinae Dolianiti are reported from the outcrops of the Morro do Papaléo/Faxinal Section (uppermost Itararé Group) and the Rio da Estiva (Paraguaçu Member, Rio Bonito Formation). Specimens designated as Ottokaria minor nov. sp. were recovered from the Itanema II outcrop (Rio Bonito Formation, Siderópolis Member). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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3. A new genus of Sphenopsida from the Lower Permian of the Paraná Basin, Southern Brazil.
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Boardman, Daiana Rockenbach, Iannuzzi, Roberto, and Dutra, Tânia Lindner
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FOSSIL sphenopsida , *KNEE , *SPORANGIUM , *STROBILIDIIDAE , *OLIGOTRICHIDA - Abstract
This study presents a new taxon of Sphenopsida, Paragiridia taioensis nov. gen. et sp. The specimens were recovered from the Bruno Peiker Outcrop, municipality of Taió, state of Santa Catarina in southern Brazil, and are preserved as impressions or compressions. They represent an autochthonous monospecific assemblage constituted of delicate plant parts, some of them still connected to each other, allowing a reconstruction of the whole plant. The root system of P. taioensis is composed of unbranched, non-articulate and continuously striated axes, covered with thin rootlets irregularly on the entire surface, sometimes dichotomized; Paracalamites -like articulated axes; and Phyllotheca -like leaf whorls. The reproductive structure is represented by fertile internodes, without bracts or foliar whorls between them. The sporangiophores are bifurcated at least once, non-peltate, with terminal clavate sporangia, densely but loosely arranged on the main axes, occurring in the middle to upper portion of the internodes. The natural new taxon, as reconstituted, lived in transitional environments that were exposed for relatively short periods, when the vegetation became established. These marginal areas were occasionally flooded and covered with large amounts of sediment that buried part or all of the community; when the water naturally receded, the plant individuals would have recolonized these marginal areas, probably using their continuously growing root systems for vegetative reproduction. In evolutionary terms, the group that includes Paragiridia and closely similar forms must have descended directly from Carboniferous Archaeocalamitaceae, in view of their simplified structure and lack of a pelta on their sporangiophores. Therefore, they probably represent a separate sphenopsid lineage, which evolved toward the development of a peltate sporangiophore organized in strobili. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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4. Middle Devonian herbaceous lycopsid Haplostigma from the Paraná Basin, Brazil: Taxonomy, biostratigraphy and Phytogeography.
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Matsumura, Willian Mikio Kurita, Iannuzzi, Roberto, and Bosetti, Elvio Pinto
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DEVONIAN Period , *HERBACEOUS plants , *WATERSHEDS , *PHYTOGEOGRAPHY , *BIOSTRATIGRAPHY - Abstract
Most paleobotanical records from the Middle Devonian consist of stems of herbaceous lycopsids. This group of vascular plants has a fossil record longer than any other group, extending from possibly the Late Silurian to the present day. Newly collected fossil material including lycopsid stems found in the Middle Devonian of the Paraná Basin were analyzed and assigned to the morphogenus Haplostigma and, more specifically, to H. irregularis , H. furquei , H. baldisii , and H. cf. kowiensis . Morphometric analysis based on characters measured on stem supports the taxonomic separation. This represents the highest diversity of this genus reported so far in this and other Gondwanan basins. The stratigraphic record and paleophytogeographic distribution of Haplostigma species in all Devonian deposits were analyzed. Available data indicate that Haplostigma is composed of small to medium-sized, fast-growing herbaceous lycopsids, which were apparently very successful and well adapted to the cool-temperate high-latitude climates during the Middle to Late Devonian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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5. Specificity of leaf damage in the Permian “Glossopteris Flora”: A quantitative approach
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de Souza Pinheiro, Esther Regina, Iannuzzi, Roberto, and Tybusch, Graciela Pereira
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GLOSSOPTERIS , *PERMIAN paleoentomology , *HERBIVORES , *INSECT-plant relationships , *TAPHONOMY , *QUANTITATIVE research - Abstract
Abstract: The main goal of this contribution was to analyze the distribution of types of foliar damage in the different genera of leaves forming the “Glossopteris Flora”. We studied material collected in five localities in the southern Paraná Basin, dated as Early Permian (Sakmarian–Artinskian), was studied. Fourteen types of damage caused by insects were identified in leaves of Glossopteris sp., Gangamopteris sp., and Cordaites sp. A MANOVA with permutation tests was used to evaluate the effects of the factors “genera” and “outcrop” in relation to the patterns of herbivory found in leaf impressions/compressions. A total of 850 samples were examined. Only 68 showed evidence of insect–plant interactions and the analyses of variance indicated that the foliar genera differed significantly in herbivory patterns (P =0.005). Glossopteris sp. and Cordaites sp. differed from each other (P =0.0013), and Gangamopteris sp. differed from Cordaites sp. (P =0.036). However, Glossopteris sp. did not differ from Gangamopteris sp. The sites also differed significantly with respect to damage types (P =0.001). Thus, one can conclude that apparently there was an association between types of foliar damage and genera of the “Glossopteris Flora”; indicating that probably particular groups of Paleozoic insects selected the plants with which they interacted. The influence of the depositional environment (facies and depositional systems) on the preservation of plant–insect interactions, which is a topic deserving further investigation, can be explained either by latitudinal gradient or taphonomic processes, or because each depositional environment may represent a distinct flora and fauna, which lead to different patterns of plant–insect interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2012
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6. A glimpse of a Gondwanan postglacial fossil forest.
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Mottin, Thammy E., Iannuzzi, Roberto, Vesely, Fernando F., Montañez, Isabel P., Griffis, Neil, Canata, Rafael E., Barão, Leonardo M., da Silveira, Deise M., and Garcia, Aurora M.
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INTERMENT , *FOREST reserves , *SPATIAL ecology , *FOREST succession , *CARBONIFEROUS Period , *FOSSILS , *PLANT communities ,GONDWANA (Continent) - Abstract
The rooted nature of vegetation allows for individual plants or entire communities to be buried in life position under exceptional geological conditions, thereby preserving their ecology and spatial distribution in the stratigraphic record. Upright lycopsids are not uncommon within paleoequatorial Carboniferous coal-bearing deposits, but they are rare in mid- to high-paleolatitude Gondwana, where they have only been found in lower Permian strata. An exceptionally well preserved in situ Brasilodendron- like lycopsid forest is described from an early Permian postglacial paleolandscape of western Gondwana (Paraná Basin, Brazil). The forest depicted here is unique given its extratropical location, as well as the exceptional preservation of abundant specimens and their morphological and paleoecological aspects. Over 150 lycopsid stumps, with a clustered spatial organization, were mapped. The host succession, overlying glaciomarine diamictites by a few tens of meters, captures the terminal deglaciation in the Paraná Basin, and shows that these forests could establish dense communities on poorly developed soils in postglacial times. Sedimentological data suggest that the death and burial of these lycopsids in life position were caused by crevasse splay progradation over the colonized interdistributary bay areas as a consequence of a major river flooding event. • An in situ Brasilodendron- like lycopsid forest preserved in a postglacial landscape of western Gondwana is reported here. • Relatively dense communities dominated interdistributary bay areas in a coastal setting in the Paraná Basin. • Our study provides the first evidence of lobate bases in Permian Gondwanan arborescent lycopsids. • Increases in accommodation space and sediment supply were fundamental to preserve this forest in the sedimentary record. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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7. Paleobotany and Palynology of the Rio Bonito Formation (Lower Permian, Paraná Basin, Brazil) at the Quitéria Outcrop
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Boardman, Daiana R., Souza, Paulo A., Iannuzzi, Roberto, and Mori, Ana L.O.
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- 2012
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8. Pennsylvanian – Early Cisuralian interglacial macrofloristic succession in Paraná Basin of the State of São Paulo.
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Bernardes-de-Oliveira, Mary Elizabeth Cerruti, Kavali, Pauline Sabina, Mune, Sandra Eiko, Shivanna, Mahesh, Souza, Paulo Alves de, Iannuzzi, Roberto, Jasper, André, Hoelzel, Amanda, Boardman, Daiana R., Rohn, Rosemarie, and Ricardi-Branco, Fresia
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PENNSYLVANIAN Period , *ECOLOGICAL succession , *SEDIMENTATION & deposition research , *CARBONIFEROUS Period , *EUSPHENOPTERIS - Abstract
One of the most completely preserved glacial sedimentary records from the Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian time corresponds to the Itararé Group, which presents a large outcropping thickness in the northeastern border of Paraná Basin, especially in the State of São Paulo. This unit corresponds to the base of the Gondwana I Supersequence and is composed of continental to marine glacial and interglacial deposits. Based on some macrofloristic, lithostratigraphic and palynostratigraphic data, a formal scheme of the macrofloral succession is herein proposed for this interval, comprising five associations in ascending stratigraphic order namely: (1) Dwykea-Sublagenicula-Calamospora Association (recorded in Campinas Municipality), composed of lycophyte megaspores ( Sublagenicula, Trileites and Calamospora sp.) and some bryophytes ( Dwykea ), concerning to a coastal glacial or coastal interglacial environment; (2) Eusphenopteris-Nothorhacopteris-Botrychiopsis Association (registered in Itapeva and Buri municipalities), composed of Eusphenopteris, Nothorhacopteris, Botrychiopsis, Paracalamites spp. along with Sphenophyllum, Koretrophyllites, Noeggerathiopsis and rare Cordaicarpus and Samaropsis – concerning to an interglacial deltaic plain associated to coal forming swamps with cold temperate hydro-hygrophilous vegetation; (3) Paranocladus-Ginkgophyllum-Brasilodendron Association (registered in Monte Mor Municipality), composed of the first conifers of the Paraná Basin ( Paranocladus, Paranospermum and few Buriadia -type), lycophytes ( Brasilodendron, Bumbudendron ), Ginkgophyllum, Noeggerathiopsis, Samaropsis and Cordaicarpus and rare Nothorhacopteris, Botrychiopsis, Koretrophyllites and Sphenophyllum , interpreted as interglacial deltaic flood plain; (4) Dwykea-Sublagenicula-Calamospora Recurrent Association (recorded in Salto Municipality), composed of bryophytes ( Dwykea ) and lycopod megaspores, very similar to the first association, related to a coastal glacial or coastal interglacial depositional environment with a type- tundra vegetational cover; and (5) Gangamopteris–Arberia-Stephanophyllites Association (occurring in Tietê and Cerquilho municipalities), composed of the first glossopterid leaves and fructifications of the Paraná Basin (abundant Gangamopteris, Arberia, Arberiopsis and Hirsutum ) and sphenophytes ( Stephanophyllites and Phyllotheca ), suggested as coastal prograding or alluvial environment, of an interglacial phase at the end of the sedimentary history of the Itararé Group. The first four associations are of Pennsylvanian age while the last one is of Asselian-Sakmarian age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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9. Novas formas pecopterídeas da Formação Rio Bonito, permiano inferior da Bacia do Paraná
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Zardo, Fernanda Picoli and Iannuzzi, Roberto
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Pecopteris ,Paraná Basin ,Asterotheca ,Permiano inferior ,Rio Bonito Formation ,Formacao Rio Bonito ,Paleobotânica - Abstract
Duas novas espécies de pecopterídeas Asterotheca roeslerisp. nov. e Pecopteris itanemaensissp. nov. são descritas baseadas no material fossilífero recuperado do afloramento Itanema II, uma nova localidade no estado de Santa Catarina, mas também do afloramento de São João do Triunfo, no estado do Paraná, ambos pertencendo à Formação Rio Bonito (Permiano Inferior, Bacia do Paraná, Brasil). A associação entre esses táxons e a significante similaridade morfológica entre eles permite considerá-los parte de um mesmo táxon natural, sendo as porções estéreis e férteis constituintes da mesma planta. Esses resultados expandem o conhecimento sobre as samambaias pecopterídeas do Permiano Inferior da Bacia do Paranáe melhoram a correlação entre as sequências da Formação Rio Bonito dos estados do Paraná e de Santa Catarina. Aliado ao rearranjo do posicionamento cronoestratigráfico de algumas dessas sequências sedimentares fornecidas por novas idades radiométricas de U-Pb recentemente obtidas nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paraná, as samambaias pecopterídeas estão sendo propostas como guias-fósseis para a parte superior da Formação Rio Bonito. Two new pecopterid species Asterotheca roeslerisp. nov. and Pecopteris itanemaensissp. nov. are proposed based on fossiliferous material recovered from Itanema II outcrop, a new locality in Santa Catarina state, and from São João do Triunfooutcrop, in Paraná state, both belonging to the Rio Bonito Formation (Lower Permian, Paraná Basin, Brazil). The association between these taxa and the significant morphological similarity enable considered as the same natural taxa, with sterile and fertile portions constituents of the same plant. These results expands the knowledge about the pecopterid ferns of the early Permian of the Paraná Basin improvingthe correlation between the sequences of Rio Bonito Formation of Paraná and Santa Catarina states. Allied to the rearrangement of chronostratigraphic positioning of some of these sedimentary sequences provided by new U-Pb radiometric ages recently obtained in Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina andParanástates, the pecopterid ferns are being proposed as guide fossils for upper part of the Rio Bonito Formation.
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- 2020
10. A stratigraphic chart of the Late Carboniferous/Permian succession of the eastern border of the Paraná Basin, Brazil, South America
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Holz, Michael, França, Almério B., Souza, Paulo A., Iannuzzi, Roberto, and Rohn, Rosemarie
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PERMIAN paleoentomology , *CARBONIFEROUS stratigraphic geology , *SEQUENCE stratigraphy , *BIOSTRATIGRAPHY , *RADIOACTIVE dating , *GEOLOGICAL basins - Abstract
Abstract: Sequence stratigraphy, lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Late Carboniferous/Permian succession of the eastern border of the Paraná Basin are organized in the form of a detailed chart in order to provide a useful and updated synthesis of that stratigraphic interval. The traditional lithostratigraphic subdivision is shown together with a third-order stratigraphic framework and a complete biostratigraphic scheme based upon palynomorphs, plants and invertebrate macrofossils. Based on the regional occurrence of features that indicate base level fall and formation of a sequence boundary (e.g., marine to fluvial facies shift, pebbly lags, bonebeds) seven LPTS’s (=Late Paleozoic Third-Order Sequences) were recognized and are shown in the stratigraphic chart, enclosed as an color-printed appendix at the end of the paper. The text includes a brief characterization of the main facies and depositional systems of the lithostratigraphic units, a description of the fossil content of each lithostratigraphic unit, and a characterization in terms of sequence stratigraphy, with a brief description of eight third order sequence boundaries as depicted in the stratigraphic chart, including recent advances on radiometric dating. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2010
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11. Reavaliação de Anthracoblattina Mendesi (BLATTOPTERA) do Grupo Itararé, Bacia do Paraná
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Ricetti, João Henrique Zahdi and Iannuzzi, Roberto
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Itararé group ,Paleozoico ,Anthracoblattina mendesi ,Blattoptera ,Paraná, Bacia do ,Paraná basin ,Paleozoic ,Grupo itarare - Abstract
O conhecimento sobre os insetos do Paleozoico brasileiro, assim como da América do Sul, é ainda bastante escasso. O número de táxons descritos, seja para o Brasil, seja para o continente sul-americano, é relativamente baixo, sendo que a maioria das espécies foram erigidas a partir das características das nervuras alares e com base em um único exemplar. Dentro deste contexto, o achado de 18 espécimes de uma mesma espécie de Blattoptera, i.e Anthracoblattina mendesi Pinto e Sedor, 2000, nos horizontes do Folhelho Lontras (Formação Campo Mourão, Grupo Itararé da Bacia do Paraná) provenientes do Afloramento Campáleo, município de Mafra, estado de Santa Catarina, estimulou este trabalho. Até a presente data, para todos os depósitos paleozoicos sul-americanos, apenas a espécie Archangelskyblatta vishniakovae Pinto, 1972, do Permiano de Chubut, Patagônia Argentina, preservara características descritas além das asas. Portanto, buscando identificar as novas características morfológicas fornecidas por estes novos espécimes e, assim, reavaliar e complementar a descrição da A. mendesi, esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida. Como resultado da análise do material-tipo e dos novos espécimes, pôde-se sugerir uma emenda à diagnose da espécie. Baseado nos dados dos vários espécimes encontrados quase inteiros, novas informações sobre a anatomia da Ordem Blattoptera no Paleozoico sul-americano foram disponibilizadas pela primeira vez, tornando A. mendesi a espécie de blatóptero mais completa já descrita para a América do Sul. Por fim, sugere-se que as ocorrências das paleofaunas de insetos do Grupo Itararé, na Bacia do Paraná, restritas a fácies de transgressão marinha (Folhelho Lontras e Folhelho Passinho), possam estar associadas aos intervalos de melhoramento climático que se sucederam ao longo do LPIA (Late Paleozoic Ice Age). Knowledge of the Brazilian Paleozoic insects, as well as in South America, it is still quite scarce. The number of described taxa, either to Brazil or to the South American continent, is relatively low, and the great majority of species were only erected by the wing venation characteristics and based on a single specimen. In this context, the finding of 18 specimens of the same species of Blattoptera, i.e. Anthracoblattina mendesi Pinto and Sedor, 2000 in Lontras Shale horizons (Campo Mourão Formation, Itararé Group of Paraná Basin) which is exposed in Campáleo outcrop, municipality of Mafra, Santa Catarina state, prompted the present study. Until the present date, for all South American Paleozoic deposits, only the specie Archangelskyblatta vishniakovae Pinto, 1972 from the Permian of Chubut, Patagonia Argentina, preserved features described beyond the forewings. Therefore in order to identify new morphological features, provided by these new specimens and, thus reevaluate and complement the description of A. mendesi, this research was conducted. As result of analysis of both the type material and new specimens, it was possible to suggest an emended diagnosis of the species. Based on data from several specimens found almost entire, new information about the anatomy of Blattoptera order in Paleozoic were available for the first time, making the species A. mendesi the most complete Blattoptera already described to South America. Finally, it is suggested that occurrences of insects paleofauna of the Itararé Group, in the Paraná Basin, is restricted to marine transgression facies (Lontras and Passinho shales), can be linked to intervals of climate amelioration that have taken place along the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA).
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- 2016
12. Origin of paleovalleys on the Rio Grande do Sul Shield (Brazil): Implications for the extent of late Paleozoic glaciation in west-central Gondwana.
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Fedorchuk, Nicholas D., Isbell, John L., Griffis, Neil P., Montañez, Isabel P., Vesely, Fernando F., Iannuzzi, Roberto, Mundil, Roland, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Pauls, Kathryn N., and Rosa, Eduardo L.M.
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SEDIMENTOLOGY , *PALEOGEOGRAPHY , *GLACIAL landforms , *GLACIATION ,GONDWANA (Continent) - Abstract
The location, longevity, and geographic extent of late Paleozoic ice centers in west-central Gondwana remain ambiguous. Paleovalleys on the Rio Grande do Sul Shield of southernmost Brazil have previously been interpreted as fjords carved by outlet glaciers that originated in Africa and emptied into the Paraná Basin (Brazil). In this study, the sedimentology, stratigraphy, and provenance of sediments infilling two such paleovalleys (the Mariana Pimentel and Leão paleovalleys) were examined in order to test the hypothesis that an ice center over present day Namibia drained across southernmost Brazil during the Carboniferous and Permian. Contrary to previous findings, the facies assemblage from within the paleovalleys is inconsistent with a fjord setting and no clear evidence for glaciation was observed. The facies show a transition from a non-glacial lacustrine/estuarine environment, to a fluvial-dominated setting, and finally to a restricted marine/estuarine environment. Detrital zircon results present a single population of Neoproterozoic ages (c. 800–550 Ma) from the paleovalley fill that matches the ages of underlying igneous and metamorphic basement (Dom Feliciano Belt) and is incongruent with African sources that contain abundant older (Mesoproterozoic, Paleoproterozoic, and Archean) zircons. Furthermore, results suggest that the formation of the paleovalleys and the deposition of their fill were controlled by the reactivation of Neoproterozoic basement structures during the Carboniferous and Permian. The lack of evidence for glaciation in these paleovalleys highlights the need for detailed studies of supposed late Paleozoic glacial deposits. These results are supportive of the hypothesis that well-established glacial sediments on the Rio Grande do Sul Shield (southern margin of the Paraná Basin) may be the product of a separate lobe extending north across Uruguay, rather than a single, massive ice sheet draining west from Africa. • Paleovalleys on the southernmost margin of Paraná Basin are not paleofjords. • The Mariana Pimentel and Leão paleovalleys likely have a tectonic origin. • Sediments from paleovalleys do not have an African provenance. • Separate ice centers are likely for eastern and southern margins of Paraná Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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13. Análise taxonômica e bioestratigráfica das folhas de Glossopterídeas de depósitos eopermianos da Bacia do Paraná, Brasil
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Tybusch, Graciela Pereira and Iannuzzi, Roberto
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Lower permian ,Taxonomia ,Paraná, Bacia do ,Fitoestratigrafia ,Phytostratigraphy ,Gangamopteris ,Paraná basin ,Glossopteris ,Taxonomy - Abstract
Esta tese teve como objetivo inicial estabelecer critérios mais precisos para classificação taxonômica das folhas de Glossopteridales, com especial ênfase à reavaliação daquelas do tipo “gangamopteróide”, a fim de determinar sua distribuição estratigráfica ao longo do intervalo Permiano Inferior da Bacia do Paraná. Para tanto, foram ponderados os critérios morfológicos que diagnosticavam os três morfogêneros de folhas de glossopterídeas presentes na Bacia do Paraná, i.é Rubidgea Tate, Gangamopteris McCoy e Glossopteris Brongniart. Consequentemente houve uma reavaliação taxonômica das formas previamente incluídas nos gêneros Rubidgea e Gangamopteris, visando estabelecer uma maior precisão e uniformidade na classificação dessas formas. Além disso, algumas formas de Glossopteris também foram analisadas. O estudo foi desenvolvido a partir do levantamento de mais de mil espécimes depositados no acervo paleobotânico de diferentes instituições (UFRGS, UNISINOS, UNIVATES, USP, UFRJ-MN, DNPMRJ), bem como, de amostras inéditas coletadas ao longo de atividades de campo, referentes a 11 localidades consideradas mais importantes do ponto de vista paleobotânico, nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná e São Paulo, a saber: Acampamento Velho, Faxinal, Cerro do Chapéu, Morro do Papaléo, Cambaí Grande e Quitéria, no Rio Grande do Sul; Bainha, Lauro Müller e Rio da Estiva, em Santa Catarina; São João do Triunfo, no Paraná; Sítio Itapema, em São Paulo. Como resultado da reavaliação taxonômica, os espécimes previamente descritos e incluídos no gênero Rubidgea, encontrados em depósitos do sul (i.é Rio Grande do Sul) e nas porções mais ao norte da Bacia Paraná (i.é São Paulo), foram realocados em Gangamopteris, pois se constatou que estes não correspondiam à diagnose original do gênero, uma vez que apresentavam anastomoses ao longo da lâmina foliar. Além da inclusão de todos os fósseis sul-rio-grandenses anteriormente classificados como Rubidgea em Gangamopteris, classificaram-se os espécimes deste último gênero em sete morfoespécies, e.g. Gangamopteris obovata, G. cyclopteroides var. nov. dolianitii (= G. obovata var. major), G. buriadica, G. revoluta, G. cyclopteroides, G. sulriograndensis, G. aff. G. mosesi, distribuídas em distintos níveis estratigráficos em localidades eopermianas do Rio Grande do Sul. Deste modo, duas novas espécies e uma nova variedade, atribuídas ao gênero Gangamopteris, foram descritas e propostas nesta tese, a saber: Gangamopteris revoluta Tybusch e Iannuzzi e G. sulriograndensis Tybusch, Iannuzzi, Frank, G. cyclopteroides var. nov. dolianitii Tybusch e Iannuzzi. Foi realizada uma emenda à diagnose original de Glossopteris occidentalis White emed. Tybusch e Iannuzzi, o que proporcionou a ampliação da distribuição geográfica e bioestratigráfica desta espécie para o eopermiano da bacia. O registro de folhas de glossopterídeas foi revisado e analisado para os afloramentos Cambaí Grande e Rio da Estiva. Assim sendo, foi confirmada, o primeiro registro de folhas do tipo Glossopteris (Glossopteris aff. G. zeilleri) e da espécie indiana Gangamopteris cyclopteroides Feistmantel na paleoflora de Cambaí Grande. Na paleoflora de Rio da Estiva, folhas do tipo Glossopteris foram classificadas em nível de espécie, e.g. Glossopteris communis Feistmantel, G. occidentalis White emend. Tybusch e Iannuzzi e Glossopteris cf. G. indica Schimper, e Gangamopteris obovata (Carr.) White foi assinalada pela primeira vez. A partir da extensa revisão das folhas de glossopterídeas dos afloramentos estudados foi possível realizar uma análise fitoestratigráfica dentro do intervalo Permiano Inferior da bacia (i.é Grupo Itararé - Formação Rio Bonito), a partir da qual foram estabelecidos quatro intervalos (I a IV) bem definidos por conjuntos de táxons e indicadas algumas morfoespécies que poderiam ser utilizadas como fósseis-índice em fitozoneamentos futuros. Por fim, Gangamopteris e Glossopteris foram considerados como dois gêneros distintos e válidos. Porém, sugeriu-se que as formas similares às folhas da espécie Gangamopteris obovata (Carr.) White, poderiam vir a ser reclassificadas em um novo gênero devido a ausência de uma venação mediana diferenciada. This Ph.D. dissertation was the initial goal to establish clearer criteria for taxonomic classification of leaves from Glossopteridales, with special emphasis on revaluation of those type "gangamopteroid" in order to determine their stratigraphic distribution along the Lower Permian interval of the Paraná Basin. For both, the morphological criteria that characterized the three morphogenera of glossopterid leaves present in the Paraná Basin, i.e. Rubidgea Tate, Gangamopteris McCoy and Glossopteris Brongniart have been weighted. Consequently there was a taxonomic reevaluation of the forms previously included in the genera Rubidgea and Gangamopteris, to establish greater accuracy and uniformity in classification of these forms. In addition, some forms of Glossopteris were also analyzed. This study was developed through from the survey of over a thousand of specimens housed in the palaeobotanical collections of various institutions (UFRGS, UNISINOS UNIVATES, USP, MN-UFRJ, RJ-DNPM), as well as unpublished samples collected along the field trips, referring to 11 sites considered the most important from the point of view palaeobotanical, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and São Paulo, as follows: Acampamento Velho, Faxinal, Cerro do Chapéu, Morro do Papaléo, Cambaí Grande and Quitéria, in Rio Grande do Sul; Bainha, Lauro Müller and Rio da Estiva, in Santa Catarina; São João do Triunfo, in Paraná; Sítio Itapema, in São Paulo. As a result of taxonomic reevaluation, the specimens previously described and included in the genus Rubidgea, found in deposits from the south (i.e. Rio Grande do Sul) and in the further north portions of the Paraná Basin (i.e. São Paulo), were relocated in Gangamopteris, it was found that they did not correspond to the original diagnosis of the genus since it had anastomosis along the leaf lamina. In addition to including all fossils from Rio Grande do Sul previously classified as Rubidgea in Gangamopteris, were classified specimens of the latter genus in seven morphospecies, e.g. Gangamopteris obovata, G. cyclopteroides var. nov. dolianitii (= G. obovata var. major), G. buriadica, G. revoluta, G. cyclopteroides, G. sulriograndensis, G. aff. G. mosesi, distributed at different stratigraphic levels in Early Permian localities. Thus, two new species and one new variety, assigned to the genus Gangamopteris, were described and proposed in this thesis, namely: Gangamopteris revoluta Tybusch & Iannuzzi e G. sulriograndensis Tybusch, Iannuzzi, Frank, G. cyclopteroides var. nov. dolianitii Tybusch & Iannuzzi. The original diagnosis of Glossopteris occidentalis White was emended by Tybusch and Iannuzzi, which provided a biostratigraphic and geographic expansion of previous distribution of this species in the Early Permian strata from the basin. Also, the record of glossopterid leaves was reviewed and analyzed for Cambaí Grande and Rio da Estiva outcrops. Therefore, it was confirmed, the first record of the Glossopteris-type leaves (Glossopteris aff. G. zeilleri) and Indian species Gangamopteris cyclopteroides Feistmantel in paleoflora of Cambaí Grande outcrop. In paleoflora of Rio Estiva, the Glossopteris-type leaves were classified at the species level, e.g. Glossopteris communis Feistmantel, G. occidentalis White emend. Tybusch and Iannuzzi and Glossopteris cf. G. indica Schimper, and Gangamopteris obovata (Carr.) White was recorded for the first time. From the extensive review of the glossopterid leaves of the study outcrops, have been possible to carry out a fitostratigraphic analysis within the Lower Permian interval of the basin (i.e. Itararé Group - Rio Bonito Formation), from which the four intervals (I to IV) were established based on well-defined sets of taxa and some morphospecies that could be used as index fossils in future phytozonation were indicated. Finally, Gangamopteris and Glossopteris were considered as two distinct and valid genera. However, it was suggested that forms of leaves similar to the species Gangamopteris obovata (Carr.) White could turn out to be reclassified in a new genus due to absence of a differentiated midrib.
- Published
- 2013
14. Novas evidências e análise quantitativa das interações inseto-planta no permiano inferior da Bacia do Paraná
- Author
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Pinheiro, Esther Regina de Souza and Iannuzzi, Roberto
- Subjects
Multivariate analysis ,Paraná, Bacia do ,Cordataleans leaves ,Herbivory ,Paraná basin ,Lower permiano ,Palinologia ,Paleobotânica ,Glossopterid leaves - Abstract
O presente estudo apresenta uma re-análise dos registros de interação inseto-planta na “Flora Glossopteris”, relativos ao Permiano Inferior da Bacia do Paraná, no Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina. O material preservado na forma de impressões/compressões foliares é proveniente do topo do Grupo Itararé, do Grupo Guatá (Formação Rio Bonito) e do Grupo Passa Dois (Formação Irati), e dos afloramentos Morro do Papaléo, Rio da Estiva, Mina do Faxinal, Quitéria e Minas do Leão. O principal objetivo foi analisar os registros existentes e as novas evidências de interações inseto-planta em megáfilos do Permiano Inferior da Bacia do Paraná, nos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina, a fim de verificar possíveis padrões de distribuição dos danos. O trabalho foi dividido em três etapas, sendo a primeira uma revisão da coleção DPE-IG-UFRGS, para levantamento de novas amostras com evidencias de fitofagia e exame do material já descrito na literatura. A segunda etapa consistiu na descrição do material inédito, proveniente do afloramento Rio da Estiva (SC), cedido pela coleção GSA-IG-USP, a qual culminou na elaboração do artigo que compõe o primeiro capítulo desta dissertação. A terceira e última etapa correspondeu à análise da existência de especificidade entre os padrões de herbivoria e os distintos gêneros foliares e da importância do sítio deposicional na ocorrência das interações inseto-planta no registro fóssil. Para tanto, foram utilizadas ferramentas estatísticas multivariadas (PCoA, MANOVA). Essa última etapa resultou no artigo apresentado no segundo capítulo da dissertação. Como resultado, encontrou-se no afloramento Rio da Estiva apenas 10 amostras de com sinais de consumo por artrópodes, que apresentaram somente três padrões de danos: consumo de margem foliar e remoção ovóide e linear de lâmina foliar. As folhas herbivorizadas foram classificadas como Glossopteris sp., Glossopteris communis, Glossopteris occidentalis e Gangamopteris obovata. Quanto à especificidade dos danos, a análise de variância indicou diferença significativa entre os gêneros foliares em relação aos padrões de fitofagia (P = 0.006). Glossopteris sp. e Cordaites sp diferiram entre si (P = 0.008), assim como Gangamopteris sp. e Cordaites sp. (P = 0.04). Entretanto, Glossopteris sp. não diferiu de Gangamopteris sp. Os afloramentos também diferiram em relação aos tipos de danos encontrados (P = 0.001). A evidência de consumo de tecidos foliares indica que as glossopterídeas eram herbivorizadas predominantemente por insetos mandibulados. Os resultados sugerem a existência de especificidade entre os insetos herbívoros e a vegetação permiana. As diferenças encontradas entre os padrões de consumo entre as diferentes localidades sugerem que a herbivoria era mais intensa em certas comunidades de plantas do que em outras. The present study offers a re-analysis of plant-insect interaction records in “Glossopteris Flora”, from Paraná Basin (Lower Permian), found in Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina states. The material preserved as leaf impressions/compressions come from Itararé Group, Guatá Group (Rio Bonito Formation) and Passa Dois Group (Irati Formation), and from five localites: Morro do Papaléo, Faxinal Mines, Rio da Estiva, Faxinal, Quitéria and Minas do Leão outcrops. The main goal was study the records of plant-insect evidences in megaphylls of Lower Permian, from Paraná Basin, in states of Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina, to verify possible patterns of damages distributions. The work was divided in three stages: the first was a reviewed of DPE-IG-UFRGS collection, to survey new samples with evidence of phitophagy and examine the material described in literature. The second stage consisted in the description of the material from Rio da Estiva outcrop (SC), hand over by GSA-IGUSP collection. These results can be found in the first chapter of this dissertation. The third and last stage was the analysis of existence of specificity between the damage types and the leaf genera, and the importance of deposicional site in the presence of insect-plant interactions in the fossil record. For this, a Principal Coordinate Analyses (PCoA) and a multidimensional analysis of variance (MANOVA) was carried out. This last step resulted in a paper present at second chapter of the dissertation. As a result, in Rio da Estiva outcrop we found only ten samples with signs of consumption by arthropods, showing just three patterns of damages: removal of foliar edge, and ovoid and linear removals of foliar lamina. The leaves were classified as Glossopteris sp., Glossopteris communis, Glossopteris occidentalis and Gangamopteris obovata. As to damage specificity, the analyses of variance indicated that foliar genera differed significantly in relation to herbivory patterns (P = 0.006). Glossopteris sp. and Cordaites sp differed to each other (P = 0.008), as well as Gangamopteris sp. in relation to Cordaites sp. (P = 0.04). However, Glossopteris sp. did not differ from Gangamopteris sp. Sites also differed significantly in relation to damage types (P = 0.001). The evidence of consumption of foliar tissues indicates that glossopterids hosted a functional feeding group of predominantly mandibulate insects. The results suggest the existence of specificity between insects and the Permian vegetation. The differences found in the patterns and frequencies of consumption in different localities suggest that herbivory was more intensive in some plant communities than in others.
- Published
- 2011
15. Reavaliação das formas de Phyllotheca do Afloramento Morro do Papaléo, Mariana Pimentel, Permiano Inferior da Bacia do Paraná, RS
- Author
-
Roesler, Guilherme Arsego and Iannuzzi, Roberto
- Subjects
Itararé group ,Rio Grande do Sul ,Phyllotheca longifolia sp ,Paraná, Bacia do ,Lower Permian ,Mariana Pimentel (RS) ,Parana basin ,Paleobotânica - Abstract
O presente trabalho apresenta uma nova espécie de Sphenophyta, Phyllotheca longifolia nov. sp., para o Permiano Inferior da Bacia do Paraná. O material correspondente a nova espécie foi coletado no Afloramento Morro do Papaléo, em níveis restritos ao Grupo Itararé, e mostram uma diversidade única de formas vivendo em um mesmo ambiente e preservadas em uma associação autóctone-parautóctone. P. Longifolia nov. sp. que possui alguma semelhança morfológica com formas angáricas (Phyllopitys e Annulina), é caracterizada por seus longos folíolos livres e suas bainhas curtas em forma de copo, sendo a segunda nova espécie do morfogênero Phyllotheca descrita para o Afloramento Morro do Papaléo. Deste modo, este estudo contribui elucidando sobre a classificação de formas consideradas antes relacionadas à morfoespécie Phyllotheca indica, e agora re-alocadas para esta nova espécie. Com a determinação taxonômica dessas formas, e uma compreensão mais acurada da riqueza de esfenófitas presente nesta associação fóssil, este trabalho fornece alicerces para a realização de estudos futuros de cunho paleoecológico, bem como auxilia na compreensão da evolução do grupo dentro do Permiano da Bacia do Paraná. The present study offers a new species of Sphenophyta, Phyllotheca longifolia sp. nov., for the Lower Permian of Paraná Basin. The material corresponding to the new species was recovered from the Morro do Papaléo Outcrop, in levels restricted to the Itararé Group which show a unique diversity of forms, living in the same environment and preserved in a autochthonousparautochthonous association. P. longifolia sp. nov., which has some morphological similarities with angaric forms (Phyllopitys and Annulina), is characterized by its long leaves and short cup-like sheaths, being the second new species of morphogenus Phyllotheca described for the Morro do Papaléo Outcrop. In his way, this study contributes to elucidate on the forms before considerated as related to morphospecies Phyllotheca indica, and now re-classified in this new species. With the taxonomic determination of this new form, and a more accurate comprehension of the sphenopsid richness present in this fossil association, this contribution provides background to future studies of paleoecological nature, as well as aids in the comprehension on the evolution of this group in the Permian strata of Paraná Basin.
- Published
- 2011
16. Sementes do permiano inferior da Bacia do Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: análise taxonômica e paleoecologia
- Author
-
Souza, Juliane Marques de and Iannuzzi, Roberto
- Subjects
Lower permian ,Seed paleoecology ,Paraná, Bacia do ,Samaropsis ,Paraná basin ,Paleobotânica ,Cardaicarpus ,Cordaicarpus - Abstract
O presente estudo oferece uma análise completa das principais sementes encontradas no Permiano Inferior da Bacia do Paraná, no Rio Grande do Sul, preservadas na forma de impressão/compressão. Estas são provenientes do topo do Grupo Itararé e da Formação Rio Bonito, Grupo Guatá, e foram coletadas em diferentes afloramentos no Estado. O principal objetivo foi o de atualizar a classificação taxonômica dessas estruturas e utilizá-las como ferramenta para estudos em paleoecologia. Para tanto foi realizada a análise morfológica e morfométrica dos espécimes e sua organização em morfotipos. A partir da comparação com espécies descritas na literatura, foi feita a classificação taxonômica desses morfotipos. A última etapa do estudo consistiu na interpretação das estruturas dispersoras evidentes na morfologia das sementes estudadas e no estabelecimento de suas relações com os agentes dispersores, a fim de tentar caracterizar as síndromes de dispersão adotadas pelas plantas-mãe. Como resultado obteve-se a descrição de seis morfotipos incluídos no morfogênero Samaropsis Goeppert e quatro para o morfogênero Cordaicarpus Geinitz. Dentre esses, três foram descritos como novas espécies, uma relacionada à Samaropsis, denominada Samaropsis gigas Souza e Iannuzzi, e outras duas referentes à Cordaicarpus, provisoriamente referidas aqui como Cordaicarpus sp. 1 e Cordaicarpus sp. 2 Outro morfotipo foi francamente identificado a uma espécie argentina e classificado como Samaropsis kurtzii Leguizamón, enquanto que dois foram mantidos em nível genérico, tendo sido designados como Samaropsis sp. 1 e Samaropsis sp. 2. Os demais se mostraram similares a algumas espécies conhecidas, sendo assinalados como: Samaropsis aff. S. millaniana, Samaropsis aff. S. rigbyi, Cordaicarpus aff. C. brasilianus e Cordaicarpus aff. C. famatinensis. Na análise paleoecológica obteve-se, como resultado, a síndrome de dispersão hidrocórica para Samaropsis gigas, onde sua planta-mãe estaria relacionada à sucessão vegetacional secundária, habitando provavelmente ambientes às margens dos corpos d'água. Samaropsis kurtzii com a síndrome de dispersão anemocórica seria característica de plantas que ocorrem na vegetação de sucessão intermediária, em áreas mais distais aos corpos d'água. Por último, Samaropsis aff. S. millaniana, Cordaicarpus aff. C. brasilianus, Cordaicarpus sp. 1 e Cordaicarpus sp. 2 apresentaram a barocoria como mecanismo de dispersão primário, com diferentes casos de síndromes associadas, sendo todas formas relacionadas às plantas características de vegetações de sucessão primária. The present study offers a complete analysis of the main seeds found in the Lower Permian of the Paraná Basin, in the Rio Grande do Sul State, preserved as impression /compression. They were assigned to the uppermost Itararé Group and Rio Bonito Formation, Guatá Group, and were recovered from different outcrops in the state. The main goal of this contribution was updated the taxonomic classification of these structures and use them as a tool for the paleoecologic studies. For this, the morphological and morphometric analysis of specimens and their organization in morphotypes was made. From the comparison with species already described in the literature, the taxonomic classification of these morphotypes was proposed. The last stage of this study it was to interpret the dispersal structures evident in the morphology of seeds analyzed and to establishment of their relationships with dispersers in order to characterize the dispersal syndromes adopted by the mother-plants. As a result, we obtained a description of six morphotypes for the morphogenus Samaropsis Goeppert, and four for the morphogenus Cordaicarpus Geinitz. Among these, three of them were described as new species; one related to Samaropsis, named Samaropsis gigas Souza and Iannuzzi, and the other two referents to Cordaicarpus, which were provisionally denominated herein as Cordaicarpus sp. 1 and Cordaicarpus sp. 2 Other morphotype was totally identified with an Argentinean species and classified as Samaropsis kurtzii Leguizamón, while two were recognized in generic level only, have been designated as Samaropsis sp. 1 and Samaropsis sp. 2, respectively. The others were considered similar to species already known, have been denominated as: Samaropsis aff. S. millaniana, Samaropsis aff. S. rigbyi, Cordaicarpus aff. C. brasilianus and Cordaicarpus aff. C. famatinensis. In the paleoecological analysis it was obtained as a result the hydrochory as dispersal syndrome to Samaropsis gigas, which its motherplant was related to secondary vegetational succession, living in environments near water bodies probably. On the other hand, Samaropsis kurtzii was probably shed by anemochory, and its mother-plant was characteristic of vegetation of intermediate vegetational succession and living distal areas from water bodies. Finally, Samaropsis aff. S. millaniana, Cordaicarpus aff. C. brasilianus, Cordaicarpus sp. 1 and Cordaicarpus sp. 2 presented the barochory as primary dispersal mechanism with possible different cases of associated syndromes, being all of them species characteristic of primary succession of vegetation.
- Published
- 2009
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