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The verbal objectification of subjective features and society's assessment of the economic status of a certain segment of the population are of interest in this linguistic and cultural study, which aims to diachronically and synchronously analyze the conceptualization of poverty in Ukrainian linguistic culture and in the language consciousness. The peculiarity of the process of forming the economic identification of a person is that there are objective signs of a person's property status that have a pronounced national, socio-economic, cultural and regional character. These objective features are also conditioned by systemic, linguistic and linguistic-cultural factors that have a significant impact on the value level of collective and individual economic consciousness. We also focused on the study of the perception and interpretation of the concept of "poverty" by modern Ukrainians. To do this, we used the methods of questionnaires and an association experiment. First, we provided the definition of "poverty" by economic science and sociology, considering also the concepts of "psychology of poverty" and economic identification; second, we analyzed the concept of "poverty" in the historical perspective on the basis of dictionary information by creating a nominative space of the concept; third, we turned to experimental methods, namely, an association experiment and a questionnaire survey. The results showed that modern native speakers no longer perceive poverty as a manifestation of evil fate or God's punishment, but as a result, on the one hand, of their own inability to earn enough money, or, on the other hand, as a consequence of economic crises and hardships that cause a person's material condition to deteriorate. A person who is poor or in need has to take responsibility for himself or herself and not expect help from other people. The perception and interpretation of concepts from the nominal space of poverty has certain differences compared to the interpretation by historical dictionaries. Thus, a poor person cannot even count on sympathy, because his poverty is the result of his inaction, laziness, etc.

Статья рассматривает особенности восприятия китайскими студентами, обучающимися в России, русских топонимов. Исследование основано на данных опроса студентов из КНР, проходящих обучение в российских вузах. Анализируются результаты опроса среди студентов. Для определения восприятия и ассоциаций китайской молодёжи необходимо понимание таких терминов, как «топонимическая система», «ментально-топонимический стереотип» и «языковое сознание». В процессе исследования было обнаружено, что российские городские названия вызывают разнообразные ассоциации у китайских студентов, ассоциации знакомых русских топонимов основываются на исторических, географических и культурных особенностях России, а также личных впечатлениях и опыте студентов.

Статья посвящена выявлению имплицитных характеристик женщины в языковом сознании представителей эквадорской лингвокультуры. На основе данных, полученных в ходе направленного ассоциативного эксперимента, определяются релевантные характеристики женщины с семантикой силы, интеллекта, мягкости характера, привлекательности, аспектом межличностных отношений и личностными качествами с положительной семантикой. Ассоциативное ядро данных характеристик представлено семантикой силы. Коммуникативный анализ интервью показывает, что данная семантика актуализируется через контекст борьбы с неравенством в социальном устройстве. Определены гендерные особенности полученных реакций: юноши, не отвергая силу женщины, отмечают ее внешнюю привлекательность и видят в ней мягкость характера, а для девушек на первый план выходят такие качества как сила и интеллект.

The article analyzes the content of auto- and heterostereotypes of Russian and Chinese students. The purpose of the study is to identify the specificity of auto- and heterostereotypes of the Russians and the Chinese in their linguistic consciousness in order to determine the common and different aspects in the content of the images. The urgency of the study arises from the fact that in the process of intercultural communication, stereotypes can lead to the idealization or, conversely, to the rejection of the representatives of another culture. The main research method is a free associative experiment, as well as analysis and classification of the responses obtained. The words China, Chinese, Russia, and Russians were chosen as stimuli. The experiment involved 120 Russian and 120 Chinese students aged 18–25. At the first stage of the study, the most frequent associations to the stimulus words were identified, then all responses were subjected to content analysis and divided into thematic groups “Geography”, “Population”, “Culture”, “Language”, “Economy”, “History”, “People (appearance, character)”, “Personal attitude to the country”, “Other”. Then a comparative analysis of auto- and heterostereotypes of Russian and Chinese students was carried out. As a result of the analysis of thematic groups, it was revealed that the autostereotypes of Chinese students are exclusively positive, and the autostereotypes of Russian students are predominantly positive, since they include a small number of negative responses. Autostereotypes of Russian and Chinese students are represented by a wider range and variety of responses than heterostereotypes, which is associated with a more detailed acquaintance with the described fragment of reality. During the experiment, almost 2 times more responses of the Russian students were received than the responses of the Chinese students, which indicates the evaluative nature of the Russian culture. Mismatched elements of the content of auto- and heterostereotypes of Russians and Chinese students were also revealed. The results of the study can be used in the training courses of intercultural communication, ethnopsycholinguistics, and in the practical work of employees of centres for sociocultural adaptation of foreign students.

The Opposition Us–Them in the Semantic Structure of Polish Paroemias This article presents the results of a study of the opposition us–them in the composition of Polish proverbs and sayings. This opposition is one of the domi­nant elements of paroemias and it is an integral part of the linguistic world­view. The article focuses on the description and analysis of the value content of the opposition under scrutiny as an element of Polish paroemias. It also presents peculiarities of its perception in the language consciousness of the Polish people and the reflection of these peculiarities in the context of paroemic units. Opozycja swój/obcy w strukturze semantycznej polskich paremii Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań nad opozycją swój/obcy w strukturze polskich przysłów i powiedzeń. Omawiana opozycja jest jednym z dominujących elementów paremii, jak również integralną częścią językowego obrazu świata. Artykuł skupia się na opisie i analizie treści wartościującej bada­nej opozycji jako elementu polskich paremii. Przedstawia również osobliwości jej postrzegania w świadomości językowej Polaków oraz ich odzwierciedlenie w kontekście jednostek paremicznych.

Статья посвящена рассмотрению особенностей функционирования лексемы «корона» в сознании индивида посредством данных, полученных в результате свободного ассоциативного эксперимента, который проводился в два этапа с учетом способа восприятия испытуемыми предъявляемого стимула (аудиальный способ восприятия и визуальный способ восприятия). Анализ материала эксперимента позволяет сделать вывод о влиянии способа восприятия на актуализацию в ментальном лексиконе индивида заданного слова: несовпадение частоты однотипных реакций и их ранга, а также различия в составе и доле главных ассоциатов сравниваемых полей, выделенные тематические группы в большинстве случаев совпадают, но процентное соотношение этих групп существенно отличается.

Цель данной работы заключается в анализе концептуальных связей лексем, вербализующих концепт «судьба» в различных славянских языках. Применение методов этимологической и словообразовательной реконструкции, анализ словарных дефиниций, лексической сочетаемости и паремиологии позволило нам утверждать, что «семантический зародыш» слова судьба можно сформулировать как «процесс совместного говорения», который стал исходным при формировании концепта-сценария «суд», вербализованного аналогами лексемы суд во многих славянских языках. Именно сценарий суда стал прототипическим для осмысления судьбы человека как сценария его жизни, в котором события предопределены какой-то высшей трансцендентальной силой. Результаты приведенного анализа могут быть применены в лексикографической практике, при описании концептов «суд», «судьба», «речь» в языковом сознании славян, при составлении словарей данных концептов, а также при написании курсовых, выпускных квалификационных работ, магистерских и кандидатских диссертаций. Результаты анализа концепта «судьба» могут также найти применение при его сравнительном описании в неродственных языках.

This article presents a linguistic and cultural analysis of the linguoculturemes ярәшү/yarashu (the promise of marriage, betrothal, engagement, betrothment) and никах/nikakh (marriage, wedding, conjugal unity, Muslim religious marriage ceremony) in the Tatar linguistic worldimage. These linguistic features reflect the specifics and systematization of the realities and rites of the Tatar people (никах уку/nikakh uky, кыз урлау/qiz urlaw, ябышып чыгу/yabiship chigy, калым бирү/qalim biry, etc.) related to by marriage and enter the linguoculturological field of the concept туй/tuy (wedding). They have also revealed the features (eloquence, the ability to win confidence, symbolicalness, information awareness, knowledge of human psychology; fixation, significance, religiousness, praise, patriarchy, material assistance, temperance, lack of alcohol, the fear of God, piety, proclamation, the blessing of elders) these linguoculturemes are marked with.The authors have come to the conclusion that the Tatar people consider marital relations to have priority, which are consistent with religion and legitimized by the state.

This contribution explores the representation of the verbal image of aggression in the texts of the English-language digital mass media. The research is based on the quantitative and qualitative semantic analyses of 174 authentic English texts (journalistic reports and newspaper articles) produced during the period of 2013-2015 and selected on the basis of special criteria, which were elaborated in our previous works on detecting descriptors of aggression in written texts. The aim of the research is to reveal the structural components of the verbal image of aggression reproduced in the worldview of Russian native speakers after reading English texts (British and American digital newspapers articles) and to find out if the resulting cognitive model refers to the real act of aggression. The paper contributes to the research field of psycholinguistics, emphasizing the need to support people’s psychological health in the context of an aggressive media environment, which produces high psychological tension. The research methodology is based on a modified associative experiment procedure, which involves 98 native speakers of Russian (university students majoring in linguistics and translation). The obtained results demonstrate a great variability of the structural elements of aggression verbalized in mass media texts. They also indicate that the focus of the reader’s attention is deliberately shifted towards the formation of a hostile cognitive model of the world, with the aggressor and the third party involved in the aggressive act in the center of the battlefield, and the victim of aggression on the periphery. The findings are illustrated by textual examples from authentic British and American newspaper articles and supplied with the author’s commentaries.

The aim of this research is to identify and describe the similarities and differences in the image of the family among native speakers of Russian and Sri Lankan linguacultures. The study is based on the theory of linguistic consciousness, developed at the Moscow Psycholinguistic School. The main method in this study is a free associative experiment, as well as analysis and classification of the obtained reactions. Daughter, family, grandmother, husband, mother and wife were chosen as stimulus. For the analysis, we chose 200 questionnaires from Sri Lanka. We analyzed the obtained material and compared with the results of an experiment conducted in Sri Lanka with data from the Slavic Associative dictionary. When analyzing the associative fields of words belonging to the semantic group “FAMILY”, we found out that in the Sri Lankan culture one of the most frequent reactions to all the indicated stimuli is love, in the Russian linguistic culture the reactions are more diverse. When the distribution of the obtained reactions in accordance with the semantic gestalt proposed by Y. N. Karaulov, we have identified another trend in the distribution of the groups. It turned out that in the Russian linguistic culture the most numerous was the group “WHO”, and in the Sri Lankan – “WHAT”. It can be noted that in almost all associative fields there are coincident reactions. The different reactions are due to the ethno-cultural specificity of the images of the world that have taken shape in different linguacultures.

Studying and analyzing the content of values in linguistic consciousness with the help of linguistic and psycholinguistic methods are interesting in terms of applying investigation techniques borrowed from Philosophy and Sociology. That is about the so-called triangulation approach or integrative eclecticism that gives an opportunity to analyze the phenomenon from different angles with a special concern about dynamic systems. The speech activity of a person is dynamic that is why while analyzing speech objectivations by means of the method mentioned above a researcher is guaranteed an opportunity to explore a phenomenon with an unbiased eye. This approach allows to overcome a certain prejudice and the right to claim only the researcher’s points of view and preferences to be true. In the article the interconnection between language and consciousness is analyzed but the accent is made on the fact that consciousness is an instrument to not only reflect reality and regulate human actions and relationships, but that is also a tool to evaluate and judge real objects and phenomena. Linguistic consciousness is a value-oriented consciousness. The variability of the content of the images of values is revealed by means of complementary psycholinguistc methods. The conceptions about values are described and compared at official public, intermediate and ordinary levels of linguistic consciousness.

The present study is focused on the identification of cognitive lacunas of the Russian and French conceptosphere by analyzing the linguistic representation of the concept 8 MARCH in Russian and French mass media texts in the period from 2016 to 2018 on the dates of March 06, 07, 08. The subject of study is verbalized / non-verbalized cognitive signs of the concept in the comparison of national linguistic and cognitive systems. In the course of studying the language material, the semantic features of the above concept were identified, interpreted as separate verbalized elements of cognitive units of the relevant systems, indicating the realized understanding of International women's day as a socio-cultural phenomenon. The study uses a cognitive approach that confirms the inextricable link between language and thinking in the generation of the latter language as a mental entity that has its opposite effect on human cognitive processes, which is manifested by the comparison of national linguocognitive systems. The following methods should also be noted: conceptual-contextual, comparative and statistical. The results of the scientific experiment were the identification in the Russian and French conceptual spheres of some cognitive lacunas, considered as the lack of socially legitimate reflection in relation to a cognitive feature of the concept 8 MARCH, taking into account the specific socio-cultural environment. The materials and conclusions of the work can be used in classes and special training courses on political linguistics, linguistics, sociolinguistics, cultural studies, linguistics, intercultural communication, which involves direct reference to social problems of the female Russian and French population, their designation and collective and individual understanding.

The article presents the results of our experimental study on the translation by students - Belarusian-Russian bilinguals - of the non-equivalent vocabulary from one language to another. Comparative analysis of the obtained data and official statistics allows not only to characterize the specifics of the language situation in the Republic of Belarus, but also outline the prospects for its further development.

The article presents the theoretical considerations of the study of professional determinism of linguistic consciousness. The distinctions of such mental structures as “mind” “mentality” “consciousness” are discussed. It has been argued that linguistic consciousness is connected with human activity on all stages of socialization. There is a certain dependence of linguistic consciousness on social factors, culture and professional occupation of an individual. The proposed theoretical postulates can serve as a basis for the study of linguistic consciousness of the representatives of various professional groups and communities.

The article is an attempt to offer a theoretical understanding of the notion of a “Linguistic world-image” (LWI) within symbolic contexts as represented in the current literature, define the symbol’s features, its influence on LWI in historic perspective, and investigate its functioning within idioms or metaphors. We have undertaken the review of previous LWI investigations and, as the methodological basis of our research, we have used ethno-semantic and linguistic-philosophical approaches to language; specifically, the method of multiple etymology, introduced by V. N. Toporov and developed by M.M. Makovsky, which permitted us to identify the correlation of LWI with linguistic signs as a carrier of symbolic meaning. It should be noted that studying symbolic language properties and linguistic signs within the linguistic world-image, which were not taken into account before, is conductive to a more profound comprehension of the correlation between language, culture, and mutual understanding index in the intercultural communication process. The LWI concept is considered as a subjective-objective dynamic multilevel construct, which presents its primary features through a lexical-semantic language system within a world and national culture formed as a result of the reflection of sensorial perception, facts, understanding and estimation of the objective phenomena in national linguistic consciousness, in the experience of correlation of language concepts, images and symbols throughout the cultural historical development of the language. Therefore, two approaches to studying LWI are evident - cognitive and cultural-philosophical - which are not so much conflicting as mutually reinforcing.

Gender studies in Russian linguistics largely depend on the development of linguistics and society. Instances of sexism in the Russian language are associated with the level of grammar and observed in proverbs and gender clichés. The author examines differences in communicative styles characteristic of women and men in oral and written speech and consider cases of gender predetermination of language.

The article is dedicated to the problem of the influence of the computer games the linguistic consciousness of the modern adolescent. The subject of the research is the changing of the meaning of a word understood as a “subjective content of the sign image”. As a result of conducting a free associative experiment with adolescents aged 13-15 quantitative and qualitative changes were revealed in the content of the associative field of the word “Empire”.

The article analyzes the experimental results obtained during free psycholinguistic associative experiment (SAE) carried out in 2012-2014. with a massive (over 1,000 informants) audience students of the Kazakh branch of the universities on the territory of South Kazakhstan region (Shymkent city) and reflected in the Kazakh associative dictionary; discusses and analyzes examples of Kazakh-Russian derivational syncretism in morphological and lexico-semantic system of the Kazakh language and their role in the speech environment of today’s youth - representatives of the titular nation of Kazakhstan. This article continues to develop the idea, previously expressed in works of scientists of the Russian psycho-linguistic schools - A.A. Leontiev, E.F. Tarasov, N.V. Ufimtseva, V.P. Sinyachkin and continued Kazakhstan psycholinguistami Z.K. Akhmetzhanova, NV. Dmitryuk, A. Shajahmetova, D.A. Moldalievа etc.The work attempts to show the existence of a number of problems in the search for ethnic identity related to the image transformation of consciousness in post-socialist and the modern period.