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Objective: Flavonoids are present in foods such as fruits and vegetables. Several studies have demonstrated a relationship between the consumption of flavonoid-rich foods and prevention of human disease, including neurodegenerative disorders. We assessed the effect of rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) on oxidative stress in kainic acid (KA)-induced seizure., Methods: Thirty-six BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups. In the control group, saline (intra-peritoneal, i.p.) was administered for 7 d, and on the last day, KA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected 30 min after administration of saline. In rutin groups, mice were pretreated with rutin (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 d, and on the last day, KA (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected 30 min after administration of rutin. Subsequently, behavioural changes were observed in mice. Lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress were measured respectively in the early and late phases after KA-induced seizures., Results: Seizure scores in the rutin groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, rutin dose-dependently inhibited the number of wet-dog shakes (WDS) (P < 0.05). Malondialdehyde level in the hippocampus of the rutin groups was significantly lower than that in the hippocampus of the control group on days 1 and 21 after KA administration. In the rutin groups, the thiol levels observed on day 1 after KA administration were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: These results indicate that rutin has potential anticonvulsant and antioxidative activities against oxidative stress in KA-induced seizure in mice.

Flavonoids are a class of polyphenolic compounds present in fruits and vegetables. Several studies have demonstrated a relationship between the consumption of flavonoid-rich diets and the prevention of human diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, we assessed the effect of quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) on oxidative stress and memory retrieval using a step-through passive avoidance task in kindled rats. Quercetin (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) before pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) every other day prior to the training. Retention tests were performed to assess memory in rats. Compared to control, pretreatment with 50 mg/kg of quercetin could attenuate seizure severity from the beginning of the kindling experiment by lowering the mean seizure stages. Moreover, quercetin 50 mg/kg significantly increased the step-through latency of the passive avoidance response compared to the control in the retention test. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly increased in the quercetin groups compared to the PTZ group in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex following PTZ kindling. In the quercetin groups, higher sulfhydryl (SH) contents were not observed compared to the PTZ group. These results indicate that quercetin at a specific dose results in decreased seizure severity during kindling and performance improvement in a passive avoidance task in kindled rats. All doses of quercetin led to increased oxidative stress in the hippocampi and cerebral cortices of kindled rats., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background and Objective: Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) has anti-diabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that change under different conditions. This peptide is known as a therapeutic target in diabetes and obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between GLP-1 and oxidative stress in preterm infants. Methods: In this case-control study, 40 term and preterm infants (gestational age less than 37 weeks) were used. GLP-1 concentration was measured by ELISA. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) and uric acid concentration were measured. Findings: Serum GLP-1 level in preterm infants was significantly higher than term infants (p=0.003). Serum TAC level in preterm infants (973.16±235.53) was significantly lower than term infants (837.00±218.97) (p=0.006). Serum TOS level in preterm infants (65.46±33.52) was significantly higher than term infants (31.50±14.62) (p<0.001). Uric acid levels in preterm infants (5.83±1.73) were statistically higher than term infants (5.13±0.90) (p=0.02). Serum GLP-1 level in preterm infants was negatively and significantly correlated with TAC (p<0.001, r=-0.674) and positively and significantly correlated with TOS (p<0.001, r=0.754) and uric acid (p<0.001, r=0.633). Conclusion: The results showed that the levels of GLP-1, TOS and uric acid in preterm infants were higher than term infants and GLP-1 had a negative correlation with TAC capacity and a positive correlation with TOS and uric acid in these infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]