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Simple Summary: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, and the Commission on Food Additives recognize lycopene as a Class A nutrient, but relatively few systematic studies have been conducted on lycopene regulation of antioxidant and meat quality improvement and intestine microbiota in poultry. This study investigated the dietary lycopene from the effects on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, intestine histomorphology, and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens. Compared with the control group, the dietary lycopene increased the average daily gain and decreased the feed conversion ratio in the experimental groups; the drip loss24h were decreased in breast muscles in the group treated with 20 mg/kg dietary lycopene; the jejunum villous height was increased in the groups treated with 20 mg/kg dietary lycopene; 13,223 OTUs were identified, each representing a microbial species, and the control group; the Unclassified-f-Ruminococcaceae relative abundance was increased in the groups treated with 20 mg/kg dietary lycopene. In this study, the 20 mg/kg dietary lycopene improved the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, intestine histomorphology, and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens. This study provided a theoretical basis for the application of lycopene in poultry production. The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of dietary lycopene on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, intestine histomorphology, and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens. We randomly divided five hundred and seventy-six one-day-old male broilers into four groups each with six replicates and 24 chickens in each replicate. The control group (CG) was fed the basal diet, and the other groups were given powder lycopene of 10, 20, and 30 mg/kg lycopene (LP10, LP20, and LP30, respectively). Compared with the control group, (1) the dietary lycopene increased (p = 0.001) the average daily gain and decreased (p = 0.033) the feed conversion ratio in the experimental groups; (2) the glutathione peroxidase enzyme contents in LP20 were higher (p =< 0.001) in myocardium; (3) the crude protein contents were higher (p = 0.007) in the group treated with 30 mg/kg dietary lycopene; (4) the jejunum villous height was higher (p = 0.040) in LP20; (5) the Unclassified-f-Ruminococcaceae relative abundance was significantly higher (p = 0.043) in LP20. In this study, adding 20 mg/kg dietary lycopene to the broiler chickens' diets improved the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, intestine histomorphology, and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 6‐week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate whether dietary supplementation of astaxanthin could mitigate negative effects of high‐fat diet on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, anti‐inflammation, non‐specific immunity and intestinal structure of Trachinotus ovatus. Three isonitrogenous diets were formulated supplementing with or without high‐fat or astaxanthin (lipid positive (LP): 130 g/kg lipid, lipid negative (LN): 210 g/kg lipid, lipid negative astaxanthin (LNA): 210 g/kg lipid with 0.5 g/kg astaxanthin). Results showed that the growth performance (weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR)) of T. ovatus in the LN group were significantly lower than that of growth performance in the LP group (p <.05), while growth performance data in the LNA group were significantly higher than those data in the LN group (p <.05) and without statistical difference with the LP group (p >.05). There were significantly lower levels of antioxidant contents (malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione (GSH)) and transcriptional level of antioxidant‐related gene (Nrf2, keap1, Mn‐SOD, GSH‐PX, HO‐1 and CAT) in the LNA group when compared to the LN group (p <.05), while no statistical differences were detected between the LNA and LP groups (p >.05). NF‐κB signal pathway key gene (p65) and non‐specific immunity‐related genes (IRF3, IRF7 and MyD88) of T. ovatus were significantly lower in the LNA and LP groups when compared to the LN group (p <.05). Fewer hepatic lipid droplets and more goblet cells of mid‐gut were found in T. ovatus from the LNA group than those from the LN group. These results indicate that a diet supplementation of 0.5 g/kg astaxanthin mitigates detrimental effects of T. ovatus growth performance caused by high‐fat diet by decreasing hepatic lipid accumulation and improving antioxidant, anti‐inflammation, non‐specific immunity and intestine barrier capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A feeding experiment was conducted to determine the effects of Schizochytrium sp. on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and non-specific immunity in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus).Two diets were formulated with or without Schizochytrium sp. supplemented (D1:0% and D2: 3%) to feed fish for 8 weeks. Results showed that growth performance, feed intake and survival rate increased significantly with Schizochytrium sp. supplemented (P < 0.05). Feed coefficient rate (FCR) of golden pompano fed the diet supplemented with Schizochytrium sp. was significantly lower than that of fish fed the control diet (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in antioxidant capacity both in transcriptional level, including nclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein (keap1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and enzyme activity, such as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P > 0.05). Gut amylase and lipase were significantly higher in dietary Schizochytrium sp. supplemented treatment than that in control group (P < 0.05). The relative peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) expression level in liver was significantly higher in Schizochytrium sp supplemented treatment than that in control one (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), IL-1R-associated kinases 4 (IRAK4), interferon regulating Factor 3 (IRF3), interferon regulating Factor 3(IRF7) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were significantly lower in Schizochytrium sp. supplemented treatment than that in control one (P < 0.05). In Schizochytrium sp. supplemented diet, golden pompano had significantly longer villi length than that in control diet (P < 0.05); muscle thickness in Schizochytrium sp. supplemented diet was thicker than that in control one (P < 0.05) and there were more goblet cells in Schizochytrium sp. treatment (P < 0.05). After the rearing trial, an air exposure trial was conducted. Results showed that the air-exposure mortality (AEM) and mRNA expression level of Nrf2, keap1, CAT, GSH-PX and HO-1 showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). These results indicated that dietary Schizochytrium sp. improved the growth performance and non-specific immunity of golden pompano while made no difference to antioxidant capacity. • Dietary Schizochytrium sp. improved the growth performance of T. ovatus by enhancing feed intake and feed conversion rate. • Schizochytrium sp. improved non-specific immunity by toll like receptor signal pathway. • Schizochytrium sp. made no significant difference to T. ovatus via Nrf2-ARE signal pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nutritional feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of shrimp paste on feeding attractiveness, growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, immune-related genes and intestinal morphology in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂). Two diets were formulated with or without shrimp paste supplementation (D1:0% and D2: 3%) to feed fish for 8 weeks. Results showed that growth performance (FBW, WG and SGR) and feed intake (FI) significantly increased with shrimp paste supplemented (P < 0.05), while FCR and SR of hybrid snakehead fed diets supplemented with shrimp paste or not showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Gut lipase and amylase activities were significantly higher in diet supplemented with shrimp paste than that in control one (P < 0.05). Hepatic antioxidant statuses of hybrid snakehead fed dietary shrimp paste or not showed no significant differences in total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase of fish (P > 0.05). Results showed that fish fed diet with shrimp paste supplemented did not show significant difference in expression of GR, IκB, P65 and IL8 than that in control group (P > 0.05). There are significantly more goblet cells in shrimp paste supplemented diet than that in control diet (P < 0.05). However, villi length and muscle thickness showed no significant difference compared to control diet (P > 0.05). The results indicated that dietary 3% shrimp paste supplementation improved the growth performance of hybrid snakehead by enhancing feed intake (FI) while made no difference to antioxidant capacity and immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nutritional feeding experiment was conducted to determine growth performance and antioxidant capacity in T. ovatus. Five diets were formulated (D1, control; D2, Saccharina japonica ; D3 Undaria pinnatifida ; D4 Gracilaria lemaneiformis ; D5, Porphyra haitanensis) to feed fish for 8 weeks. Results showed that final body weight and weight gain in D3 and D5 groups were significantly higher than D1 and D4 groups (P < 0.05), while made no significant difference with D2 group (P > 0.05). Feed conversion ratio in D5 group was significantly lower than D1 group (P < 0.05), while made no significant difference with other groups (P > 0.05). Feed intake and survival rate showed no significantly difference among all groups (P < 0.05). The relative expression level of digestion related genes including chymotrypsinogen and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 in D5 group was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). The expression level of anti-oxidant related genes such as, catalase in D5 group was significantly higher than that in D2 and D4 groups (P < 0.05); while expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in D5 group was significant higher than that in D1 groups (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of non-specific immunology related gene c-Llysozyme in D5 group were significantly higher than any other groups (P < 0.05). Villi length in fish fed diets with macro-algae were significantly longer than control diet (P < 0.05). Muscle thickness in D5 group were significantly higher than D1, D2 and D4 groups, while showed no significant difference with D3 group (P < 0.05). The results indicated that P. haitanensis is the most suitable macro-algae and then followed by U. pinnatifida as the feed additive for Trachinotus ovatus. • Four dietary macro-algae were compared as feed additives in Trachinotus ovatus. • P. haitanensis is the most suitable macro-alga for T. ovatus according to the growth performance and antioxidant capacity. • P. haitanensis enhance antioxidant capacity in T. ovatus. by activating Nrf2-ARE signal pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A nutritional feeding experiment with synthetic astaxanthin and Haematococcus pluvialis supplemented was conducted to determine growth performance, antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammation in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus).Three diets were formulated with or without H. pluvialis and synthetic astaxanthin supplemented to feed fish for 8 weeks. As the results showed, growth performance (FBW, WG and SGR) significantly increased with synthetic astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis supplemented. Feed coefficient ratio (FCR) of T. ovatus fed diets with H. Pluvialis and astaxanthin supplemented was lower than that of fish fed the control diet. The hepatic total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in T. ovatus fed diet with H. Pluvialis and astaxanthin supplemented was higher than that of fish fed the control one. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) declined slightly with astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis supplementated than that in control group without significant differences. Under normal rearing experiments, there was no significant difference among the treatments in Nrf2-ARE related genes. However, after the acute hypoxia trial, the relative expression of Nrf2, Keap1, CAT, SOD, GSH-PX and HO-1 were all significantly higher in astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis treatments than that in the control group. After LPS administration, the mRNA relative expression of Nrf2-ARE related genes including Keap1, Nrf2, CAT, GSH-PX, HO-1 and SOD were all significantly higher in astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis treatments than that in the control group. The mRNA relative expression of NF-κB related genes IKK, IκB, and P65 as well as IL1β were all significantly lower in astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis treatments than that in the control group. These results indicated that dietary astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis improved the growth performance and antioxidant capacity under acute hypoxia stress, and alleviated the inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-ARE pathway to antagonize the NF-κB pathway. • Both synthetic astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis improved the growth performance of T. ovatus. by improving feed utilization. • Synthetic astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis enhance the oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2-ARE signal pathway. • Astaxanthin and H. Pluvialis alleviated inflammatory response by activating Nrf2-ARE pathway to antagonize NF-κB pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]