SAMPLE size (Statistics), STATISTICAL sampling, ORGANIZATIONAL behavior, MANAGEMENT science, PAPER
Abstract
The determination of sample size is a common task for many organizational researchers. Inappropriate, inadequate or excessive sample size continues to influence the quality, accuracy and costs of research. Sample size is one of the features of analysis that can influence the detection of significant differences for population so we can't ignore problem of sample size. This paper presents a procedure and a table for selecting sample size for simultaneously testing the parameters of a trinomial distribution. The results are obtained by examining the several possible value of a trinomial parameter vector and comparing the fixed first error type with the empirical one obtained by building the exact distribution through the code R. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
DECISION making, DECISION theory, PROBLEM solving, MANAGEMENT, THEORY, PAPER
Abstract
This paper presents a multi-level decision making perspective of the innovation process. First, by considering the innovation process as a type of decision. Second, by viewing innovation as composed of multiple decision processes. Third, by analyzing innovation in terms of decision domains that "enable" innovation and that "execute" innovation. Fourth, by discussing how decision factors act as determinants of innovation. Implications are discussed and propositions are offered which consider several critical tasks in the successful management of innovation decision process(es). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Despite the widespread interest in the topic of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), little empirical research has tested the fundamental assumption that these forms of behavior improve the effectiveness of work groups or organizations in which they are exhibited. In the present study, the effects of OCBs on the quantity and quality of the performance of 218 people working in 40 machine crews in a paper mill located in the Northeastern United States were examined. The results indicate that helping behavior and sportsmanship had significant effects on performance quantity and that helping behavior had a significant impact on performance quality. However, civic virtue had no effect on either performance measure.
Published
1997
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