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A 52-year-old female patient with a diagnostic of osteosarcoma in the mandible, in which it was necessary a reconstruction with a microvascularized osteomyocutaneous fibula bone. Coadjuvant chemotherapy was scheduled. Two years later, 4 osseointegrated implants (OII) were placed in the fibula a 2 OII in the right mandible, using a splint guided surgery. The final prosthodontic consisted in a metal ceramic restoration using CAD/ CAM technology. Key words:Oral rehabilitation, oral cancer, head and neck radiotherapy, oral oncology.

The practice of dentistry has been dramatically altered by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Given the close person-to-person contact involved in delivering dental care and treatment procedures that produce aerosols, dental healthcare professionals including dentists, dental assistants and dental hygienists are at high risk of exposure. As a dental clinic in a comprehensive cancer center, we have continued to safely provide medically necessary and urgent/emergent dental care to ensure that patients can adhere to their planned cancer treatment. This was accomplished through timely adaptation of clinical workflows and implementation of practice modification measures in compliance with state, national and federal guidelines to ensure that risk of transmission remained low and the health of both immunocompromised cancer patients and clinical staff remained protected. In this narrative review, we share our experience and measures that were implemented in our clinic to ensure that the oral health needs of cancer patients were met in a timely manner and in a safe environment. Given that the pandemic is still on-going, the impact of our modified oral healthcare delivery model in cancer patients warrants continued monitoring and assessment.

• Role of Dental team in assessing the risk prior to oncotherapy • Dentist’s role involving prevention and alleviation of pain in the oral cavity • Disruption of dental care to all patients, including those receiving oncotherapy • Dentists to operate tele-triage and plan video consultations • Counseling and support via tele-dentistry to improve quality of life

UK national guidelines in 2016 recommended that sentinel lymph node biopsy should be offered to patients with early oral cancer (T1-T2 N0) in which the primary site can be reconstructed directly. This study describes the pitfalls that can be avoided in the technique of biopsy to improve outcomes. We retrospectively analysed the data from 100 consecutive patients and recorded any adverse events. Lymphatic drainage of tracer failed in two patients as a result of procedural errors. Two patients with invaded nodes developed recurrence after total neck dissection, one after micrometastases had been diagnosed, and the other as a result of extranodal spread that had led to understaging and therefore undertreatment. Two results would not have been mistakenly classified as clear if all the harvested nodes had been analysed histologically according to the protocol. The disease-specific (96%) and disease-free (92%) survival were better than expected for a group of whom a third had stage 3 disease. If all harvested nodes had been analysed by the correct protocol then two of the three nodes wrongly designated clear would have been detected, two deaths potentially avoided, and the false-negative rate would have fallen from 8.3% to 2.7%. We conclude that minor deviations from protocol can result in a detrimental outcome for the patient.

Restricted mouth opening (RMO) and trismus are terms commonly used in oral oncology in instances where there is difficulty in mouth opening. The term trismus in oral oncology is mainly used to indicate the radiation-induced fibrosis of the muscles of mastication. The treatment given for RMO as reported in the literature is given for muscular dysfunction trismus, whereas RMO in oral oncology can occur owing to various reasons other than muscular dysfunction. RMO occurs in various conditions of the oral cavity; in posterior pharyngeal infection, where it is termed reflectory trismus; in oral submucous fibrosis; in oral mucosal disorders; in the use of certain drugs; and in minor dental procedures of the posterior oral cavity. The usage of the term trismus in all RMO cases would complicate the treatment; thus, the word should not be used in all RMO cases.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:07:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:56:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-09-01 Item merged in doublecheck by Luana Priscila Costa (luana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2019-02-15T13:02:23Z Item was identical to item(s): 164068, 175934 at handle(s): http://hdl.handle.net/11449/161849, http://hdl.handle.net/11449/173653 MS Student in Stomatology Oral Oncology Center Department of Pathology and Clinical Propedeutics Araçatuba Dental School UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista Medical Assistant Department of Pathology School of Medicine University of Campinas UNICAMP Assistant Professor Department of Pathology and Clinical Propedeutics Araçatuba Dental School UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista Adjunct Professor Oral Oncology Center Department of Pathology and Clinical Propedeutics Araçatuba Dental School UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista Assistant Professor Oral Oncology Center Department of Pathology and Clinical Propedeutics Araçatuba Dental School UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista MS Student in Stomatology Oral Oncology Center Department of Pathology and Clinical Propedeutics Araçatuba Dental School UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista Assistant Professor Department of Pathology and Clinical Propedeutics Araçatuba Dental School UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista Adjunct Professor Oral Oncology Center Department of Pathology and Clinical Propedeutics Araçatuba Dental School UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista Assistant Professor Oral Oncology Center Department of Pathology and Clinical Propedeutics Araçatuba Dental School UNESP – Universidade Estadual Paulista

Graphical abstract, Highlights • We critically reviewed DNA methylation patterns for oral pre-cancer progression. • Suggestive signals included hyper-methylated loci in p16, p14, MGMT and DAPK. • Large epigenome-wide explorations are needed to validate these markers and to identify new risk loci and biological pathways of disease progression., Summary Although oral cancers are generally preceded by a well-established pre-cancerous stage, there is a lack of well-defined clinical and morphological criteria to detect and signal progression from pre-cancer to malignant tumours. We conducted a critical review to summarize the evidence regarding aberrant DNA methylation patterns as a potential diagnostic biomarker predicting progression. We identified all relevant human studies published in English prior to 30th April 2015 that examined DNA methylation (%) in oral pre-cancer by searching PubMed, Web-of-Science and Embase databases using combined key-searches. Twenty-one studies (18-cross-sectional; 3-longitudinal) were eligible for inclusion in the review, with sample sizes ranging from 4 to 156 affected cases. Eligible studies examined promoter region hyper-methylation of tumour suppressor genes in pathways including cell-cycle-control (n = 15), DNA-repair (n = 7), cell-cycle-signalling (n = 4) and apoptosis (n = 3). Hyper-methylated loci reported in three or more studies included p16, p14, MGMT and DAPK. Two longitudinal studies reported greater p16 hyper-methylation in pre-cancerous lesions transformed to malignancy compared to lesions that regressed (57–63.6% versus 8–32.1%; p

This paper provides a synopsis of the main papers on epidemiology, diagnosis and prognosis of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and head and neck SCC (HNSCC) published in 2007 in Oral Oncology - an international interdisciplinary journal which publishes high quality original research, clinical trials and review articles, and all other scientific articles relating to the aetiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with neoplasms in the head and neck, and orofacial disease in patients with malignant disease.

This paper reviews the main papers related to oral squamous cell carcinoma published in 2006 in oral oncology - an international interdisciplinary journal which publishes high quality original research, clinical trials and review articles, and all other scientific articles relating to the aetiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and management of patients with neoplasms in the head and neck, and orofacial disease in patients with malignant disease.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been shown to be involved in multiple steps of carcinogenesis. In this study, we examined COX-2 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). COX-2 mRNA analyzed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was detected in 66% (16 of 24) of tumor tissues. Western blot analysis demonstrated that COX-2 protein level was increased in tumor tissues and was correlated with the expression level of mRNA. Immunohistochemical study showed that COX-2 was predominantly detected in cancer cells, and the staining pattern was cytoplasmic. Ten histologically normal nasopharyngeal tissues obtained from nasopharyngeal hyperplasia were also investigated. We found that COX-2 mRNA was detectable in three tissues and the COX-2 protein level was very low. The frequency of COX-2 overexpression was significantly higher in patients of the N1-N3 group than in patients of the N0 group (P=0.006). Taken together, these data suggest that COX-2 is overexpressed and is associated with increased lymphatic invasion in NPC.

This article has been retracted at the request of Oral Oncology and the co-authors. Please see http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy . Reason: The lead author, Jon Sudbo, has been found by the Investigating Commission (appointed in January 2006 by Rikshospitalet - Radiumhospitalet MC and the University of Oslo to investigate Dr Sudbo's misconduct) to have fabricated and modified the data on which the analyses were based. The above mentioned Investigating Commission has determined that Dr Sudbo acted alone in fabricating the data. Dr Sudbo disputes the findings of the Investigating Commission. Reference: Ekbom A, Helgesen GEM, Lunde T, Tverdal A, Vollset SE, Simonsen S. Report from the Investigating Commission appointed by Rikshospitalet - Radiumhospitalet MC and the University of Oslo, January 18, 2006.

Thalidomide is having increasing application in the management of a wide spectrum of immunologically-mediated and infectious disorders. It is also suggested that this agent may also have be of importance in the treatment of solid and non-solid malignancies. The present article reviews the role of thalidomide in the management of malignancy and outlines its possible potential in the treatment of malignancy of the mouth.

Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes a significant and growing proportion of head and neck squamous cell cancers. These malignancies arise from the oropharynx and tend to be located in the base of tongue and tonsil [1,2]. Studies in the past decade have demonstrated that HPV-positive head and neck cancers have distinct epidemiologic, clinical, and molecular features [3], which have significant implications for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease entity. This special issue of Oral Oncology provides an in-depth update on recent advances in the epidemiology, clinical and therapeutic implications, and molecular features of HPV-positive head and neck cancers.

The coming of age is the point (most commonly 18 y) at which time adolescents are generally granted the full rights of an adult. Oral Oncology was launched in 1992, and has thus reached its coming of age with all the pointers to indicate it will thrive well into the future. Inaugurated as a daughter journal of the European Journal of Cancer, with myself as Founding Editor, the Senior Advisers of Oral Oncology at its inception were Allan Balmain, Peter Boyle, Barry Gusterson, Jean Claude Horiot, Peter Reichart and Gordon Snow. Consulting editors at that time included a galaxy of other international professionals in the field, including Drs. Batsakis, Blot, de Vries, Eveson, Field, Fusenig, Gangal, Henk, Johnson, Langdon, Lefebvre, Pindborg, Prime, Sancho-Garnier, Seifert, Shillitoe, Sonis, Spandidos, van der Waal, Watt, Yamamoto, Zaridze and Zheng – many of whom continue to support the journal. The inaugural issue included 14 papers covering a range of topics, from such reputable authors in the area as Drs. Downer, Eveson, Evstifeeva, Field, Laskaris, Marshall, Reade, Schulten, Scully, Seifert, Snow, Sonis, Speight, Stell, Wiesenfeld, van der Waal, Yeudall and Zaridze. Over the years the editorial board has evolved dynamically culminating in the current membership shown on http://www. elsevier.com/wps/find/journaleditorsbiography.cws_home/105/ editorbiography#1. So equally the content, presentation and appearance of the journal has evolved (Figs: Evolution of cover design 1991–2010) and editorial decisions on submitted manuscripts are now finalised at around an average of 3 weeks. Oral Oncology successes have been clearly demonstrable by the rising Impact Factor and increasing readership – as evidenced by subscriptions and downloads – more than one quarter of a million in the past year. Authors and Readers

Our aim was to develop a way of measuring trismus and evaluating it in terms of reliability and validity for use by nurses who care for patients with head and neck cancer. We developed a method from existing resources and tested it for interoperator reliability and validity against a “gold standard”. We showed that within the variables outlined, nursing staff could use it after minimal training to identify patients broadly as being “at risk”, “low risk”, or having “normal mouth opening”. Interexaminer reliability was poor. There was a trend towards a group of people having reasonable interexaminer reliability, and this same group showed consistency towards the gold standard. Nurses’ accuracy and consistency in using a simple method of assessing trismus depends on more than the method used, and neither validity nor reliability can be assumed. The accurate assessment of trismus for comparison across studies is complex, and future research must define exactly what method was used.

This paper provides a synopsis of the main papers related to the aetiopathogenesis of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and head and neck SCC (HNSCC) published in 2008 in Oral Oncology - an international interdisciplinary journal which publishes high quality original research, clinical trials and review articles, and all other scientific articles relating to the aetiopathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with neoplasms in the head and neck, and orofacial disease in patients with malignant disease.

Autofluorescence spectroscopy and imaging have been studied for the early detection and classification of (pre)malignancies of the oral mucosa. In the present review we will give an overview of the literature on autofluorescence imaging and spectroscopy for various clinical questions. From the studies performed so far we hope to conclude whether autofluorescence spectroscopy and imaging are helpful in the diagnosis of lesions of the oral mucosa, and if this is the case: for which clinical questions they are suitable. A strong emphasis is put on in vivo human studies of the oral mucosa. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The majority of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) are preceded by visible changes in the oral mucosa, most often white patches. Although the histological finding of dysplasia in oral white patches signals increased risk of developing OSCC, this may also occur in non-dysplastic lesions. However, no reliable markers exist to predict the occurrence of OSCC in these patients. From a total of 263 patients diagnosed with oral white patches, biopsies from 45 patients were selected on the criteria that the patients had lesions histologically proven to be non-dysplastic. The lesions were analyzed with respect to their DNA content. The clinical outcome of the patients was known from the Cancer Registry of Norway, and these data were compared to the DNA content of their lesions. Among the 45 patients, five cases (11%) later developed an OSCC. Four of the cases that subsequently developed an OSCC were among the five aneuploid (abnormal) cases (P=0.001). One aneuploid lesion did not develop a carcinoma during a follow-up time of 120 months. The fifth case that subsequently developed an OSCC was diploid (normal), and developed into an OSCC after an observation time of 73 months (P=0.001). In conclusion, aberrant DNA content reliably predicts the occurrence of OSCC in patients that otherwise would be regarded as at very low risk. Normal DNA content indicates low risk.

Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

This article has been retracted at the request of Oral Oncology and the co-author. Please see http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy . Reason: The lead author, Jon Sudbo, has been found by the Investigating Commission (appointed in January 2006 by Rikshospitalet - Radiumhospitalet MC and the University of Oslo to investigate Dr Sudbo's misconduct) to have fabricated and modified the data on which the analyses were based. The above mentioned Investigating Commission has determined that Dr Sudbo acted alone in fabricating the data. Dr Sudbo disputes the findings of the Investigating Commission. Reference: Ekbom A, Helgesen GEM, Lunde T, Tverdal A, Vollset SE, Simonsen S. Report from the Investigating Commission appointed by Rikshospitalet - Radiumhospitalet MC and the University of Oslo, January 18, 2006.